CN113956108A - Special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ginger and application method thereof - Google Patents

Special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ginger and application method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113956108A
CN113956108A CN202111077452.6A CN202111077452A CN113956108A CN 113956108 A CN113956108 A CN 113956108A CN 202111077452 A CN202111077452 A CN 202111077452A CN 113956108 A CN113956108 A CN 113956108A
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China
Prior art keywords
ginger
fertilizer
release fertilizer
controlled
release
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Pending
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CN202111077452.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙玲丽
王其选
刘吉华
孙茂旭
王心选
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Kali Yantai Agricultural Development Co ltd
Yantai Zhongde Group Co ltd
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Kali Yantai Agricultural Development Co ltd
Yantai Zhongde Group Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111077452.6A priority Critical patent/CN113956108A/en
Publication of CN113956108A publication Critical patent/CN113956108A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/40Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
    • C05G5/38Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with wax or resins

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ginger, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-35% of resin coated urea, 6-20% of nitrate fertilizer, 20-29% of diammonium phosphate, 0.3-0.9% of boron particles and 30-42% of round-grain potassium sulfate with the concentration of 50%. The invention can stably supply nitrogen required by the growth of the ginger, reduce the fertilization times and improve the nutrient utilization rate. The invention also provides an application method of the special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ginger.

Description

Special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ginger and application method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ginger and an application method thereof.
Background
China is the main producing country and export country of the gingers in the world, and the production and export of the gingers in China are in a remarkable increasing trend in recent years. The ginger is a crop with harvested underground stems as a main product, belongs to shallow-rooted plants, is not developed in root system and weak in fertilizer absorption capacity, and therefore the fertilizing amount of the ginger is more than that of common crops. At present, ginger fertilization is mainly performed by quick-acting fertilizers which are high in solubility and easy to run off along with rainfall or irrigation after being applied to soil, so that the utilization rate of the fertilizers is low. According to the research, the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate of the ginger is lower than that of 1/2 of other field crops. Therefore, the development of a novel fertilizer variety with reasonable nutrient proportion, lasting fertilizer effect and consistent nutrient release and nutrient absorption of the ginger as soon as possible is one of the important measures for promoting the ginger to be reasonably fertilized, reducing the fertilizer loss and improving the fertilizer utilization rate.
The development of the special slow-controlled release fertilizer for the ginger is a good way for solving the problems. The slow-release fertilizer aims at loss ways of nutrient elements, absorption characteristics of the ginger and proper release speed control of nutrients, so that the release speed of the nutrients of the fertilizer is matched with the absorption speed of the ginger as far as possible, the loss of the fertilizer is reduced, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved.
In recent years, research on slow/controlled release fertilizers in China is rapidly advanced, but the slow/controlled release fertilizers are directly applied to ginger production and have the following problems: firstly, the price is higher, and is difficult to be accepted by farmers; secondly, the nutrient element proportion and the nutrient release rule have poor pertinence.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing slow/controlled release fertilizer is high in price, and the proportion of nutrient elements and the nutrient release rule are poor for ginger. The invention provides a special controlled-release fertilizer for ginger, which is prepared by compounding various controlled-release fertilizers and partial quick-acting fertilizers in different release periods according to the nutrient release characteristics of different controlled-release fertilizers and the nutrient absorption rule of ginger, so that the special controlled-release fertilizer for ginger is formed, and field experiments are performed, so that a good effect is achieved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention discloses a special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ginger, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure RE-GDA0003393467170000021
wherein, the 50% round potassium sulfate refers to round granular potassium sulfate with potassium sulfate content more than or equal to 50%;
64% diammonium phosphate refers to total nutrient (N + P)2O5I.e. the sum of phosphorus pentoxide and nitrogen) is equal to or greater than 64%, the actual partial content of 64 diammonium is nitrogen 18-phosphorus pentoxide 46.
The raw materials are all commercial products, wherein:
the raw material of phosphate fertilizer can be purchased from Vanfu group, and the nutrient technical index is 18-46 (nitrogen-phosphorus pentoxide). Optionally, the nitrogen content of the resin coated urea is 40-44%, and the boron content in the boron particles is more than or equal to 15%. The resin is an artificial synthetic resin, a film is formed on the surface of the fertilizer, the film forming substance is resin, the resin is thermosetting resin, belongs to a high polymer with a three-dimensional structure, contains polyfunctional macromolecules in molecular chains, and can be solidified (or cured) into insoluble high polymer under the action of existence of a curing agent, heating and the like.
Optionally, the nitrate fertilizer is a nitrate nitrogen-containing granular fertilizer, and the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nitrate fertilizer is 26-42%. Wherein N, P and K refer to N, P respectively2O5And K2O。
Optionally, the nutrient release period of the resin coated urea is 3 months.
Optionally, the release rate of nutrients of the resin coated urea in 7 days is less than or equal to 10%, the release rate of accumulated nutrients in 28 days is less than or equal to 75%, and the release rate of accumulated nutrients in 3 months is more than or equal to 80%.
Optionally, the weight percentage of the fertilizer with the granularity of 1.0-4.75mm in the controlled release fertilizer is more than or equal to 90%.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses an application method of the special slow controlled release fertilizer for ginger, which comprises a first application period and a second application period, wherein the first application period is 20-40% of the total fertilization weight, and the second application period is 60-80% of the total fertilization weight.
Optionally, the first application period is a trench bottom period and the second application period is a mini-culture period.
Optionally, the fertilizer application method in the bottom stage of the ditch is to plough the special slow controlled release fertilizer for the ginger after broadcasting, and to apply 16-34kg of the special slow controlled release fertilizer for the ginger in the ditch when the ginger is put down; the fertilizer application method in the small cultivation period comprises the steps of ditching, fertilizing, earthing up and watering, wherein the fertilizing amount in the small cultivation period is 48-68 kg.
Optionally, the first application period is the Qingming festival of each year and the second application period is the 6-7 months of each year.
The special slow/controlled release fertilizer for the ginger has the following technical effects:
(1) by optimizing the formula, the application amount, the application method and the application time of the special slow/controlled release fertilizer for the ginger, the absorption and utilization of the ginger on nutrients can be effectively improved, and the yield of the ginger is improved; meanwhile, the planting cost of the ginger can be reduced, and the economic benefit of farmers is improved;
(2) because urea and nitrate fertilizer can not coexist, the product adopts the coexistence of resin coated urea and nitrate fertilizer to form a stable controlled-release blended fertilizer product;
(3) the resin coated urea can stably release nutrients and can stably supply nitrogen required by the growth of the ginger;
(4) the fertilization times are reduced, and the nutrient utilization rate is improved;
(5) can effectively improve soil, regulate soil substance conversion and energy flow, and enhance the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended that features of the invention be limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is described in connection with the embodiments for the purpose of covering alternatives or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Moreover, some of the specific details have been left out of the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the focus of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The whole planting period of the ginger is divided into a ditch bottom period, a mound pointing period, a small culture period and a large culture period.
Examples
The formula of the special slow/controlled release fertilizer for the ginger comprises the following components:
Figure RE-GDA0003393467170000041
the fertilizer application method comprises the following steps: the amount of the fertilizer applied in the ditch bottom period is 75kg, the amount of the fertilizer applied in the small culture period is 175kg, and the fertilizer is not applied in the dibbling period and the large culture period.
Comparative example
The fertilizer formulation of this comparative example was the same as the above example;
the fertilizer application method comprises the following steps: the amount applied in the bottom stage of furrow is 25kg, the amount applied in the heading stage is 50kg, the amount applied in the small culture period is 75kg, and the amount applied in the large culture period is 100 kg.
The application effects of the above examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 ginger dedicated slow-release fertilizer for ginger by different application methods
Application method Plant height (m) Single plant weight (kg) Stem weight (kg)
Examples 1.09 1.945 1.11
Comparative example 1.08 1.835 1.08
Examples yield enhancement/%) 0.9 6 2.7
The special slow controlled release fertilizer for the ginger is applied to the field, and under the condition that the total using amount of the fertilizer is equal, the fertilizer using amount for one time is increased by reducing the fertilizer applying times, the early-stage fertilizer applying amount is improved, the manpower input is reduced, and under the condition that the fertilizer using amount for the whole year is the same, the yield is not reduced by reducing the fertilizer applying times and the yield is increased by 6%;
while the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is a more particular description of the invention than is possible with reference to the specific embodiments, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes in form and detail, including simple deductions or substitutions, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The special slow/controlled release fertilizer for the ginger is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure FDA0003261662400000011
2. the special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ginger of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen content of the resin coated urea is 40-44%, and the boron content in the boron particles is not less than 15%.
3. The special controlled-release fertilizer for ginger of claim 1, wherein the nitrate fertilizer is a nitrate nitrogen-containing granular fertilizer, and the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nitrate fertilizer is 26-42%.
4. The special controlled-release fertilizer for ginger according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient release period of the resin-coated urea is 3 months.
5. The special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ginger of claim 4, wherein the release rate of nutrients in the resin coated urea is less than or equal to 10% in 7 days, the release rate of accumulated nutrients in 28 days is less than or equal to 75%, and the release rate of accumulated nutrients in 3 months is more than or equal to 80%.
6. The special slow/controlled-release fertilizer for ginger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of the fertilizer with the granularity of 1.0-4.75mm in the slow/controlled-release fertilizer is more than or equal to 90%.
7. The method for applying the ginger-dedicated slow-release fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the ginger-dedicated slow-release fertilizer comprises a first application period and a second application period, wherein the first application period is 20 to 40 percent of the total fertilization weight, and the second application period is 60 to 80 percent of the total fertilization weight.
8. The method for applying the special controlled-release fertilizer for ginger according to claim 7, wherein the first application period is a furrow bottom period, and the second application period is a small culture period.
9. The method for applying the special controlled-release fertilizer for ginger according to claim 8, wherein the method for applying the fertilizer at the bottom of the furrow comprises the steps of applying the special controlled-release fertilizer for ginger and turning over, and applying 16-34kg of the special controlled-release fertilizer for ginger in the furrow when the ginger is put down; the fertilizer application method in the small cultivation period comprises the steps of ditching, fertilizing, earthing up and watering, wherein the fertilizing amount in the small cultivation period is 48-68 kg.
10. The method for applying the special controlled-release fertilizer for ginger according to claim 7, wherein the first application period is the Ming festival of each year, and the second application period is 6-7 months per year.
CN202111077452.6A 2021-09-14 2021-09-14 Special slow/controlled release fertilizer for ginger and application method thereof Pending CN113956108A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102173933A (en) * 2011-01-19 2011-09-07 菏泽金正大生态工程有限公司 Special ginger controlled-release fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases as well as preparation and application thereof
CN102598943A (en) * 2012-03-13 2012-07-25 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Fertilizing method of postponing application of ginger slow/controlled release fertilizer
CN102887790A (en) * 2012-10-24 2013-01-23 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 Biological disease-prevention controlled-release ginger additional fertilizer, and preparation method and application thereof
CN107278592A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-10-24 济南高新区阿波罗甲壳素工程技术研究中心 A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of ginger
CN110950706A (en) * 2019-12-18 2020-04-03 上海永通生态工程股份有限公司 Silicon-rich fertilizer special for ginger and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102173933A (en) * 2011-01-19 2011-09-07 菏泽金正大生态工程有限公司 Special ginger controlled-release fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases as well as preparation and application thereof
CN102598943A (en) * 2012-03-13 2012-07-25 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Fertilizing method of postponing application of ginger slow/controlled release fertilizer
CN102887790A (en) * 2012-10-24 2013-01-23 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 Biological disease-prevention controlled-release ginger additional fertilizer, and preparation method and application thereof
CN107278592A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-10-24 济南高新区阿波罗甲壳素工程技术研究中心 A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of ginger
CN110950706A (en) * 2019-12-18 2020-04-03 上海永通生态工程股份有限公司 Silicon-rich fertilizer special for ginger and preparation method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
高中强 等: "《根菜叶菜薯芋类蔬菜施肥技术》", 31 January 2001, 金盾出版社 *

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