CN113956079A - Method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine-grain high-sodium carnallite - Google Patents

Method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine-grain high-sodium carnallite Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113956079A
CN113956079A CN202111497651.2A CN202111497651A CN113956079A CN 113956079 A CN113956079 A CN 113956079A CN 202111497651 A CN202111497651 A CN 202111497651A CN 113956079 A CN113956079 A CN 113956079A
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China
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crystallizer
decomposition
potassium chloride
fine
sodium
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张世春
付振海
唐海英
贾国安
李成宝
李顺利
唐永全
李志伟
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Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Research of CAS
Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co Ltd
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Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Research of CAS
Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C05D1/02Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01DCOMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
    • C01D3/00Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
    • C01D3/14Purification
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/80Compositional purity

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride by using fine-grained high-sodium carnallite, which comprises the following steps: feeding fine-grained high-sodium carnallite into a crystallizer decomposition area, adding a configured specific-concentration decomposition liquid into the crystallizer decomposition area in the early stage, extracting a mother liquid from an overflow area of a crystallizer of the crystallizer to a mixer after a system is stabilized, mixing the mother liquid with fresh water or a decomposition liquid with a concentration lower than that of the mother liquid in the mixer to form a specific-concentration decomposition liquid, and conveying the specific-concentration decomposition liquid to the crystallizer decomposition area of the crystallizer to participate in a decomposition and crystallization process. The method can solve the problem that the potassium chloride prepared from the fine-grained high-sodium carnallite ore has low grade, and the grade of the potassium chloride is improved by further increasing the concentration of the decomposition liquid.

Description

Method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine-grain high-sodium carnallite
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of potassium chloride production, in particular to a method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride by using fine-grained high-sodium carnallite.
Background
Potassium chloride is an important chemical product, has important application in the fields of agriculture, food and medicine, and especially has very important position in the field of agriculture as a potassium fertilizer. Carnallite (KCl MgCl)2·6H2O) is taken as a main raw material for producing potassium chloride and is mainly stored in salt lakes of the Qinghai, Tibet and other places in China, and the Qinghai area takes carnallite as a raw material and adopts reverse flotation-cold crystallization and cold crystallization-direct flotation processes to realize the production of about 600 million tons of productivity per year. Sodium chloride can be separated out in a solid form and mixed with carnallite ore in the process of generating carnallite in the salt field, the grade of the carnallite is reduced along with continuous mining, wherein the ratio of fine sodium chloride is increased along with the continuous mining, the ratio of sodium chloride is 15-35%, and the ratio of sodium chloride with the particle size of less than 0.25mm reaches about 70% -90% of the total content of the sodium chloride.
The decomposition crystallization process for producing potassium chloride by adopting a cold crystallization-direct flotation process requires decomposing carnallite by a decomposition liquid, wherein the decomposition liquid is usually unsaturated mother liquor (MgCl at 25 ℃), and2percent is less than or equal to 25 percent) and the main principle is that carnallite and water are in contact with each other and decomposed to form potassium chloride and magnesium chloride coexisting solution, potassium chloride is separated out from the solution to form potassium chloride crystals along with the increase of the concentration of the magnesium chloride, the decomposed potassium chloride and mother liquor are discharged out of a crystallizer along with underflow, the potassium chloride crystals are processed into potassium chloride products in a series of ways, the mother liquor and undecomposed partial tail salt are discharged into a tail liquor pool, and the settled mother liquor is reused for preparing decomposition liquid.
The fine sodium chloride mixed in the carnallite during the decomposition and crystallization process also participates in the dissolving and precipitation process, the generated sodium chloride and potassium chloride crystals generate interaction, and the sodium chloride and potassium chloride crystals which interact with each other cannot be separated in the flotation process, so that the taste of potassium chloride is reduced, and the grade of potassium chloride produced by adopting the fine high-sodium carnallite is lower.
MgCl in decomposition liquid2The main function of (A) is to control the rate of decomposition and crystallization, MgCl2The higher the concentration is, the slower the decomposition and crystallization rate is, the fewer crystal nuclei of potassium chloride and sodium chloride are formed in the decomposition and crystallization process, the interaction among the crystal nuclei is reduced, the twinning, the overgrowth and the like of potassium chloride and sodium chloride crystals are reduced, the growth of potassium chloride crystals is facilitated, and the taste of potassium chloride and the granularity of potassium chloride crystals can be obviously improved by using high-concentration mother liquor. On the other hand, the overflow area of the crystallizer has the effect of carrying out solid-liquid separation by using sedimentation, the mother liquor extracted from the top of the overflow area is clear liquid, the effective volume of the crystallizer does not comprise the volume of the overflow area, and the retention time is determined by the effective volume of the crystallizer and the discharge time, so that the retention time of materials is not changed when the mother liquor extracted from the overflow area is prepared and then put into the crystallizer, and the normal operation of a system is not influenced.
In the prior art, the mother liquor settled in the tail salt pond is stored in a salt field or a tank, and is conveyed to a use point through a pipeline to be prepared into a certain concentration decomposition liquid with fresh water when in use. Lower concentrations (MgCl) were made both to ensure yield and limited by crystallizer capacity2Percent is less than or equal to 12 percent) is used for decomposing the carnallite, mother liquor after decomposition and partial undecomposed tail salt are discharged to a tail liquor pool, and the mother liquor after sedimentation is used for preparing decomposition liquor for recycling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride by using fine-grain high-sodium carnallite, aiming at the problem that the potassium chloride produced by using fine-grain high-sodium carnallite has low grade in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride by using fine-grained high-sodium carnallite comprises the following steps:
continuously feeding fine-grained high-sodium carnallite into a crystallizer decomposition area according to calculated amount, adding prepared specific-concentration decomposition liquid into the crystallizer decomposition area in the early stage, extracting mother liquid from an overflow area of a crystallizer to a mixer after a system is stabilized, mixing the mother liquid with fresh water or decomposition liquid with concentration lower than that of the mother liquid in the mixer to form specific-concentration decomposition liquid, and conveying the specific-concentration decomposition liquid to the crystallizer decomposition area of the crystallizer to participate in a decomposition and crystallization process.
In the above technical scheme, the ratio of the mass of the input amount of the fine-grained high-sodium carnallite to the pumping volume of the specific concentration decomposing liquid, the extraction volume of the mother liquid and the underflow discharge amount volume of the crystallizer is (1-1.6): (1-3): (0.9-2.7): (0.7-0.75), the unit of mass is Kg, and the unit of volume is L.
In the above technical scheme, MgCl is contained in the mother liquor2The mass concentration of (A) is 24-25 wt%.
In the above technical scheme, the extraction method for extracting the mother liquor from the overflow area of the crystallizer is a siphon method or water pumping, preferably, the water pumping is a centrifugal pump or a long-shaft pump.
In the above technical scheme, the MgCl in the specific concentration decomposition liquid2In the mass concentration range of 17 to 23 wt%.
In the above technical solution, the mixing method of the mixer is pipeline mixer mixing or tank mixer mixing.
In the technical scheme, the content of sodium chloride in the fine-grained high-sodium carnallite is 15-35%, wherein the sodium chloride with the grain diameter of less than 0.25mm accounts for 70-90% of the total sodium chloride ratio.
In the technical scheme, the retention time of the material in the crystallizer is 2.5-4 h.
In the technical scheme, the high-grade agricultural potassium chloride is prepared by flotation, washing and drying of the underflow discharge of the crystallizer.
In the technical scheme, the mother liquor extraction quantity M ═ (N ═ C) in the overflow area of the crystallizer2)/C1Wherein M is the mass of mother liquor extracted from the overflow area, the unit is Kg, and N is a specific concentrationThe mass of the hydrolyzed solution is Kg, C1Is MgCl in mother liquor in overflow area2In units of%2MgCl in the decomposition liquid with specific concentration for the decomposition liquid with specific concentration2In% by weight.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the invention, the mother liquor is directly extracted from the overflow area of the crystallizer, the transportation from a salt pan or a tail salt pond is not needed, a large storage tank and a factory building are not needed, the acquisition of the mother liquor is rapid and convenient, and the investment is less.
2. The mother liquid in the overflow area is directly pumped and decomposed with fresh water or low-concentration mother liquid, and the decomposed liquid is fed into the decomposing area of the crystallizer for decomposing and crystallizing, so that the balance of the crystallizer system can be ensured without changing the retention time.
3. The method solves the problem that the dosage of the decomposition liquid is increased sharply when the concentration of the decomposition liquid is increased, and then the dosage exceeds the bearing capacity of the crystallizer.
4. The method can solve the problem that the potassium chloride prepared from the fine-grained high-sodium carnallite ore has low grade, and the grade of the potassium chloride is improved by further increasing the concentration of the decomposition liquid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-crystallizer, 2-mixer, 3-crystallizer decomposing area and 4-crystallizer overflow area.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The decomposition liquid in the following examples is an aqueous solution of potassium chloride, sodium chloride and magnesium chloride, and the concentration of magnesium chloride is used for controlling, and the concentration of potassium chloride and sodium chloride is very low, about 1%.
Comparative example 1
In the comparative example, a decomposition solution is prepared by using saturated mother liquor and fresh water, and MgCl is contained in the decomposition solution2The composition of fine-grain high-sodium carnallite with concentration of 12% is KCl: 18.95%, NaCl:19.44%,MgCl2:26.59%。
A process for producing potassium chloride from fine-grained high sodium carnallite comprising the steps of: putting the fine-grain high-sodium carnallite into a crystallizer decomposition area of a crystallizer according to 11.38Kg/h, pumping the decomposition liquid into the crystallizer decomposition area according to 8.02L/h, carrying out decomposition and crystallization processes on the decomposition liquid and the fine-grain high-sodium carnallite in the crystallizer decomposition area, wherein the retention time of materials in the crystallizer is 3h, the underflow discharge amount of the crystallizer is 8.50L/h, the experiment duration is 8h, and then carrying out flotation to prepare potassium chloride, wherein the grade of the prepared potassium chloride is 79.3%.
Example 1
In this example, the composition of the sodium-containing carnallite was 18.95% KCl, 19.44% NaCl, and MgCl226.59 percent of sodium chloride with the grain diameter less than 0.25mm accounting for 77.48 percent of the total sodium chloride, and MgCl is prepared in advance250L of 21% decomposition liquid;
a method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride by using fine-grained high-sodium carnallite comprises the following steps:
the fine-grained high-sodium carnallite is put into a crystallizer decomposition area of a crystallizer according to 11.38Kg/h, and MgCl is prepared in advance when the high-sodium carnallite is added for 30min at the beginning2Decomposing liquid with the concentration of 21 percent, after the system is stable, a peristaltic pump is adopted to pump 18L/h of mother liquid from an overflow area of a crystallizer of the crystallizer to a mixer, and the mother liquid and fresh water are mixed in the mixer to form MgCl2And (2) delivering the specific concentration decomposition liquid with the concentration of 21% to a crystallizer decomposition area of a crystallizer according to the flow rate of 20.04L/h, wherein the retention time of the material in the crystallizer is 3h, the underflow discharge amount of the crystallizer is 8.50L/h, the experimental process lasts for 8h, and after the experiment is finished, potassium chloride is prepared by flotation, and the grade of the prepared potassium chloride is 89.3%.
Example 2
The composition of the sodium-containing carnallite in this example: KCl 18.95%, NaCl 19.44%, MgCl226.59 percent of sodium chloride with the grain diameter less than 0.25mm accounting for 77.48 percent of the total sodium chloride, and MgCl is prepared in advance250L of 23% decomposition liquid;
a method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride by using fine-grained high-sodium carnallite comprises the following steps:
the fine-grained high-sodium carnallite is put into a crystallizer decomposition area of a crystallizer according to 11.38Kg/h, and MgCl is prepared in advance when the high-sodium carnallite is added for 30min at the beginning2The concentration of 23% decomposition liquid, after the system is stable, a peristaltic pump is adopted to extract 30L/h of mother liquid from an overflow area of a crystallizer of the crystallizer to a mixer, and the mother liquid and fresh water are mixed in the mixer to form MgCl2Delivering the specific concentration decomposition liquid with the concentration of 23% to a crystallizer decomposition area of a crystallizer according to 33.36L/h, simultaneously putting the fine-grain high-sodium carnallite into the crystallizer decomposition area of the crystallizer to participate in a decomposition crystallization process, wherein the retention time of the material in the crystallizer is 3h, the underflow discharge amount of the crystallizer is 8.52L/h, the experimental process lasts for 8h, and after the completion, potassium chloride is prepared by flotation, and the grade of the prepared potassium chloride is 93.7%.
Comparative example 3
The composition of the sodium-containing carnallite in this example: KCl 18.95%, NaCl 19.44%, MgCl226.59 percent of sodium chloride with the grain diameter less than 0.25mm accounting for 77.48 percent of the total sodium chloride, and MgCl is prepared in advance250L of 7% decomposition liquid;
a method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride by using fine-grained high-sodium carnallite comprises the following steps:
the fine-grained high-sodium carnallite is put into a crystallizer decomposition area of a crystallizer according to 11.38Kg/h, and MgCl is prepared in advance when the high-sodium carnallite is added for 30min at the beginning2After the system is stable, a peristaltic pump is adopted to pump 3L/h of mother liquor from an overflow area of a crystallizer of the crystallizer to a mixer, and the mother liquor and fresh water are mixed in the mixer to form MgCl2And (2) delivering the specific concentration decomposition liquid with the concentration of 7% to a crystallizer decomposition area of a crystallizer according to 6.68L/h, simultaneously putting the fine-grain high-sodium carnallite into the crystallizer decomposition area of the crystallizer to participate in a decomposition crystallization process, wherein the retention time of the material in the crystallizer is 3h, the underflow discharge amount of the crystallizer is 8.51L/h, the experimental process lasts for 8h, and after the completion, potassium chloride is prepared by flotation, and the grade of the prepared potassium chloride is 64.1%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride by using fine-grained high-sodium carnallite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
continuously feeding fine-grained high-sodium carnallite into a crystallizer decomposition area according to calculated amount, adding prepared specific-concentration decomposition liquid into the crystallizer decomposition area in the early stage, extracting mother liquid from an overflow area of a crystallizer to a mixer after a system is stabilized, mixing the mother liquid with fresh water or decomposition liquid with concentration lower than that of the mother liquid in the mixer to form specific-concentration decomposition liquid, and conveying the specific-concentration decomposition liquid to the crystallizer decomposition area of the crystallizer to participate in a decomposition and crystallization process.
2. The process for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine-grained high-sodium carnallite according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the mass of the input amount of fine-grained high-sodium carnallite to the pumped volume of the specific concentration splitting liquid, the draw volume of the mother liquor and the underflow output amount volume of the crystallizer per hour is (1-1.6): (1-3): (0.9-2.7): (0.7-0.75), the unit of mass is Kg, and the unit of volume is L.
3. The process for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine-grained high-sodium carnallite according to claim 1, characterized in that MgCl is present in the mother liquor2The mass concentration of (A) is 24-25 wt%.
4. The process for the production of high grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine grain high sodium carnallite according to claim 1 wherein the withdrawal of mother liquor from the crystallizer overflow is by siphonage or by suction pump, preferably by centrifugal or long shaft pump.
5. The process for producing high grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine grain high sodium carnallite according to claim 1, wherein MgCl is present in said specifically concentrated split solution2In the mass concentration range of 17 to 23 wt%.
6. The process for producing high grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine grain high sodium carnallite according to claim 1 wherein the mixing process of the mixer is pipeline mixer mixing or tank mixer mixing.
7. A process for the production of high grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine grain high sodium carnallite as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fine grain high sodium carnallite has a sodium chloride content of 15 to 35% and a sodium chloride to total sodium chloride ratio of 70 to 90% with a particle size of less than 0.25 mm.
8. The process for the production of high grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine grain high sodium carnallite according to claim 1 wherein the residence time of the material in the crystallizer is between 2.5h and 4 h.
9. The method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine-grained high-sodium carnallite according to claim 1, characterized in that the underflow discharge of the crystallizer is subjected to flotation, washing and drying to obtain high-grade agricultural potassium chloride.
10. The process for producing high grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine particle of high sodium carnallite as claimed in claim 1 wherein the crystallizer overflow zone mother liquor draw M ═ (N ═ C)2)/C1Wherein M is the mass of the mother liquor extracted from the overflow area in Kg, N is the mass of the specific concentration decomposition liquid in Kg, C1Is MgCl in mother liquor in overflow area2In units of%2MgCl in the decomposition liquid with specific concentration for the decomposition liquid with specific concentration2In% by weight.
CN202111497651.2A 2021-12-09 2021-12-09 Method for producing high-grade agricultural potassium chloride from fine-grain high-sodium carnallite Pending CN113956079A (en)

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Cited By (3)

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CN114835140A (en) * 2022-05-19 2022-08-02 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 Method for improving grade of potassium chloride and application
CN114956125A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-08-30 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 Method for improving yield of potassium chloride produced from fine-grain high-sodium carnallite
RU2792270C1 (en) * 2022-07-21 2023-03-21 Акционерное общество "ВНИИ Галургии" (АО "ВНИИ Галургии") Method for producing potassium and sodium chlorides from potassium-sodium containing raw materials

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114835140A (en) * 2022-05-19 2022-08-02 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 Method for improving grade of potassium chloride and application
CN114835140B (en) * 2022-05-19 2024-04-16 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 Method for improving grade of potassium chloride and application
CN114956125A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-08-30 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 Method for improving yield of potassium chloride produced from fine-grain high-sodium carnallite
RU2792270C1 (en) * 2022-07-21 2023-03-21 Акционерное общество "ВНИИ Галургии" (АО "ВНИИ Галургии") Method for producing potassium and sodium chlorides from potassium-sodium containing raw materials

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