CN113954392B - Unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg production line and production process - Google Patents
Unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg production line and production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113954392B CN113954392B CN202111575324.4A CN202111575324A CN113954392B CN 113954392 B CN113954392 B CN 113954392B CN 202111575324 A CN202111575324 A CN 202111575324A CN 113954392 B CN113954392 B CN 113954392B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/504—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] using rollers or pressure bands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
- B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
- B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
- B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
- B29B15/122—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length with a matrix in liquid form, e.g. as melt, solution or latex
- B29B15/125—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length with a matrix in liquid form, e.g. as melt, solution or latex by dipping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
- B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
- B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
- B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
- B29B15/14—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length of filaments or wires
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
- D01G15/02—Carding machines
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
- D01G15/02—Carding machines
- D01G15/12—Details
- D01G15/14—Constructional features of carding elements, e.g. for facilitating attachment of card clothing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/18—Separating or spreading
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a production line and a production process of unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg. The production line is sequentially provided with a feeding device, a fiber spreading device, a drafting station, a shaping station, a film coating station, a hot pressing device and a conveying roller according to the fiber conveying direction. The invention innovatively develops a set of unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg production line and a process which take long fibrilia as raw materials, is simple and feasible, has small processing difficulty of the long fibrilia, short flow and high speed due to the adoption of the long fibrilia as the feeding raw material, and can obviously reduce the preparation cost of the prefabricated reinforced material; the output width and thickness are designable, and the arrangement straightness of the long fibrilia belt and the long fibrilia in the prepreg is high; the method is suitable for continuous production of large-batch unidirectional long fibrilia belts and prepregs, and fills up the industrial blank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fibrilia prepreg preparation, in particular to a production line and a production process of a unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg.
Background
The plant fiber as a natural renewable material has the advantages of low price, recoverability, degradability, renewability and the like, has the strength and rigidity of common fiber, and has lower density, so the specific strength and the specific modulus are higher. The composite material taking the natural plant fiber as the reinforcement has the same excellent performance, so the high-performance natural fiber composite material taking the fibrilia as the representative is more and more widely applied in the fields of automobiles, buildings, decoration and the like with the development of science and technology and the environment that global non-renewable resources are increasingly tense.
However, since natural hemp fibers have a limited length, in order to obtain a continuous prepreg mainly made of hemp fibers, hemp fibers are generally processed into a nonwoven material, spun into hemp yarns, hemp ropes, or the like, and then woven into a woven fabric reinforcement material made of unidirectionally arranged hemp yarns, hemp ropes, or hemp yarns and hemp ropes. The prepreg of the above form generally has problems that the degree of orientation of fibers in a fiber aggregate is poor, the degree of fiber alignment is high, and the effect of impregnating the fiber aggregate with a resin is poor. The twisting structure of the yarn leads to that the fibers in the yarn form a certain angle with the stress direction, and the reinforcing effect of the fibers in the stress direction of the composite material cannot be fully exerted.
The long ramie stripes are intermediate products in the preparation process of the long ramie yarn, the ramie fibers are subjected to the hackling and drawing processes to obtain the long ramie stripes, and the long ramie stripes have no twist, so that the fibers in the long ramie stripes are high in straightness, high in filling power and loose in fiber arrangement, and the long ramie stripes are ideal raw materials for preparing the unidirectional long ramie fiber prepreg.
The existing preparation of unidirectional fiber prepreg takes carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber and other long tows as raw materials, the fiber has high and continuous straightness, in order to obtain a better resin infiltration effect, a yarn spreading device is usually arranged to transversely spread fibers and thin large tows, common yarn spreading methods include a mechanical multi-group roller fiber spreading method, an air jet fiber spreading method, an ultrasonic fiber spreading method, a sound wave fiber spreading method and the like, however, the existing fiber spreading methods cannot meet the transverse fiber spreading requirement of the long ramie stripes because the long ramie fibers are in a discontinuous state in the ramie stripes, the continuous fiber strips are formed by lapping and friction entanglement among fibers, the conventional fiber spreading method is applied to the long ramie strips, the head end and the tail end of the fiber in the ramie stripes are drawn out, so that the ramie stripes are scattered, the fiber orientation degree is reduced, and even a serious roll winding phenomenon is caused. In addition, the thickness of the long ramie stripes is larger, and the fibers are not drawn under tension any more after the long ramie stripes are discharged from the machine, so that the fibers are obviously retracted and lack in straightening degree.
The document with the application number of 201510312438.8 discloses a linen fabric prepreg and a composite material preparation method, the method takes linen fabric as a reinforcement and combines the linen fabric with resin to prepare the composite material, but because the fabric is formed by interweaving yarns, the yarns are formed by twisting and embracing one fiber, the fiber arrangement compactness is high, the resin is not easy to infiltrate the fabric, and an included angle exists between the axial direction of the fiber and the stress direction of the composite material, so that the fiber can not fully exert the excellent mechanical property in the composite material bearing process.
In summary, the conventional prepreg processing devices and equipment are not suitable for preparing the unidirectional prepreg by using long hemp roving as a raw material.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg production line and a production process thereof.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems of the production line is to provide a unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg production line which is characterized in that the production line is sequentially provided with a feeding device, a fiber spreading device, a drafting station, a shaping station, a film covering station, a hot pressing device and a conveying roller according to the conveying direction of fibers;
the feeding device comprises a strip guiding mechanism and a beam collecting opening; according to the fiber conveying direction, the strip guide mechanism is arranged at the feeding end of the beam collecting opening; the height of the discharge end of the beam collecting opening is smaller than that of the feed end; the strip guide mechanism is provided with a plurality of feeding holes, each long ramie stripe bundle corresponds to one feeding hole, the non-directional long ramie stripes are adjusted to be directionally arranged along the fiber conveying direction, and meanwhile, no overlapping is generated among the long ramie stripe bundles; the bundling opening is used for combining the bundles of long ramie stripes which are arranged in parallel after the strip guiding mechanism is guided in into one bundle in the width direction, and meanwhile, the thickness of the combined long ramie stripes is compressed, so that the long ramie stripes are more compact, gaps among the bundles of long ramie stripes are filled, and the long ramie fiber belt is obtained;
the fiber spreading device can reciprocate along the width direction of the long fibrilia belt and is used for spreading the long fibrilia belt, so that the long fibrilia belt becomes wider and thinner in the width direction and the surface density becomes smaller;
the drafting station consists of a first traction roller and a second traction roller which are sequentially arranged according to the fiber conveying direction; the linear speed of the first traction roller is less than that of the second traction roller, and the long fibrilia belt is drafted along the length direction between the first traction roller and the second traction roller, so that the long fibrilia belt is thinned along the length direction, and the straightness of the long fibrilia is improved;
the shaping station consists of a spraying device and a preheating device which are sequentially arranged according to the fiber conveying direction; the spraying device sprays the setting solution to the long fibrilia belt; the preheating device carries out preheating treatment on the long fibrilia belt sprayed with the shaping solution, so that the shaping solution fully infiltrates the long fibrilia belt and evaporates the solvent in the shaping solution on the long fibrilia belt, and further shaping of the long fibrilia belt is realized;
the film laminating station consists of a glue film discharging device and an isolating film discharging device; the adhesive film is unwound from the adhesive film discharging device, and the isolating film is unwound from the isolating film discharging device; then the adhesive film and the isolating film are respectively laid on the two side surfaces of the long fibrilia belt and are fed into a hot press device;
the hot-pressing device is used for immersing the resin layer of the adhesive film into the long fibrilia belt under the heating and pressurizing effects of the hot-pressing device, so that bonding is generated between fibers, and the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg is obtained;
the linear speed of the conveying roller is the same as that of the second traction roller, so that the fibers are conveyed, the conveying tension is kept, and the tensioning state of the prepreg is kept in the conveying process.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is to provide a production process of the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, feeding: after being adjusted to be directionally arranged along the fiber conveying direction by respective guide mechanisms, the long ramie stripes are combined into one bundle in a bundling opening and the thickness of the combined long ramie stripes is compressed, so that the long ramie stripes are more compact and gaps among the long ramie stripes are filled, and the long ramie fiber belt is obtained;
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention innovatively develops a set of unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg production line and a process which take long fibrilia as raw materials, is simple and feasible, has small processing difficulty of the long fibrilia, short flow and high speed due to the adoption of the long fibrilia as the feeding raw material, and can obviously reduce the preparation cost of the prefabricated reinforced material; the output width and thickness are designable, and the arrangement straightness of the long fibrilia belt and the long fibrilia in the prepreg is high; the method is suitable for continuous production of large-batch unidirectional long fibrilia belts and prepregs, and fills up the industrial blank.
(2) The feeding device designed by the invention is combined after an independent feeding channel is arranged for each long ramie stripe, so that the mutual overlapping of the long ramie stripes in the feeding process is effectively avoided, the parallel bundling and directional conveying of the long ramie stripes are realized, the long ramie stripes are kept parallel to the greatest extent, and the compactness and the straightness of the long ramie stripes are increased.
(3) The fiber spreading device designed by the invention is improved aiming at continuous filaments, and the filaments only need to be transversely dispersed. The long ramie stripes consist of long ramie fibers with limited length at the same time, and when the fibers are transversely spread, the head ends and the tail ends of the fibers are not clamped by the front roller and the rear roller, so that excessive dispersion is avoided, and even the fibers are drawn out by air flow, and a reciprocating air flow fiber spreading device is adopted.
(4) The spraying device designed by the invention solves the problems that after the long fibrilia belt is drafted and conveyed by the roller, the long fibrilia belt is fluffy and loose, and the subsequent film covering work is not easy to complete, obviously improves the transverse cohesiveness of the long fibrilia belt, and prevents the splitting phenomenon of the long fibrilia belt in the processing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of a production line according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the overall structure of a device according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the feeding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of the bar guide mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of the spiral opening roller of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of the fiber spreading device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a digital photographic image of a long fibrilia prepreg made in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a digital photograph of a long fibrilia prepreg prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a long ramie stripe storage device; 2. long ramie stripes; 3. a feeding device; 4. a long fibrilia band; 5. a fiber spreading device; 6. a glue film discharging device; 7. an isolation film; 8. a separator collecting roller; 9. a glue film; 10. a spraying device; 11. a first pull roll; 12. a spiral carding roller; 13. an isolating film discharging device; 14. a preheating device; 15. a second pull roll; 16. a hot pressing device; 17. a hot press roll; 18. a conveying roller; 19. a winding device; 20. pre-pressing rollers; 3-1, a bar guiding mechanism; 3-2, closing the opening; 5-1, an air injection device; 5-2, a frame body.
Detailed Description
Specific examples of the present invention are given below. The specific examples are only intended to illustrate the invention in further detail and do not limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.
The invention provides a unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg production line (production line for short), which is characterized in that the production line is sequentially provided with a feeding device 3, a fiber spreading device 5, a drafting station, a shaping station, a laminating station, a hot-pressing device 16 and a conveying roller 18 according to the conveying direction of fibers;
the feeding device 3 comprises a strip guiding mechanism 3-1 and a bundling opening 3-2; according to the fiber conveying direction, the strip guide mechanism 3-1 is arranged at the feeding end of the beam collecting opening 3-2; the height of the discharge end of the beam collecting opening 3-2 is smaller than that of the feed end; the strip guiding mechanism 3-1 is provided with a plurality of feeding holes, each strip 2 in each strip storage device 1 corresponds to one feeding hole, the non-directional strips 2 led out from the strip storage devices 1 are adjusted to be directionally arranged along the fiber conveying direction, and meanwhile, no overlapping is generated among the strips 2; the bundling opening 3-2 is used for combining the bundles of long ramie stripes 2 which are arranged in parallel after the strip guiding mechanism 3-1 is guided in into a whole bundle in the width direction, and simultaneously compressing the thickness of the combined long ramie stripes 2 to enable the long ramie stripes 2 to be more compact and fill gaps among the bundles of long ramie stripes 2, so as to obtain long ramie fiber belts 4 which are tightly arranged in the width direction;
the fiber spreading device 5 can reciprocate along the width direction of the long fibrilia belt 4 (namely perpendicular to the fiber conveying direction) and is used for performing airflow spreading and/or mechanical multi-group roller spreading on the long fibrilia belt 4, so that the long fibrilia belt 4 becomes wider and thinner in the width direction and the surface density becomes smaller;
the drafting station consists of a first traction roller 11 and a second traction roller 15 which are sequentially arranged according to the fiber conveying direction; the linear velocity of the first traction roller 11 is less than that of the second traction roller 15, and the long fibrilia belt 4 is drafted along the length direction (namely the fiber conveying direction) between the first traction roller 11 and the second traction roller 15, so that the long fibrilia belt 4 becomes thin along the length direction, and meanwhile, the long fibrilia slides, and the straightness is improved;
the shaping station consists of a spraying device 10 and a preheating device 14 which are arranged in sequence according to the fiber conveying direction; the spraying device 10 is used for uniformly spraying the shaping solution on the surface of the long fibrilia belt 4; the preheating device 14 is used for preheating the long fibrilia belt 4 sprayed with the shaping solution, so that the shaping solution fully infiltrates the long fibrilia belt 4 and evaporates the solvent in the shaping solution on the surface of the long fibrilia belt 4, and the long fibrilia arranged in parallel generates an adhesion effect, thereby realizing the shaping of the long fibrilia belt 4;
the film laminating station consists of a film discharging device 6 and an isolating film discharging device 13; the adhesive film 9 is unwound from the adhesive film discharging device 6, and the isolating film 7 is unwound from the isolating film discharging device 13; then the adhesive film 9 and the isolating film 7 are respectively laid on the upper and lower side surfaces of the long fibrilia belt 4 and are fed into a hot-pressing device 16;
the hot-pressing device 16 is used for immersing the resin layer on the surface of the adhesive film 9 into the long fibrilia belt 4 under the heating and pressurizing effects of the hot-pressing device 16, so that bonding is generated between fibers, and the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg is obtained;
the linear speed of the conveying roller 18 is the same as that of the second traction roller 15, so that the fibers are conveyed, the conveying tension is kept, and the tension state of the prepreg is kept during the conveying process.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a spiral opening roller 12; a rotary spiral carding roller 12 is arranged behind the discharge end of the beam collecting opening 3-2; when the fiber spreading device 5 spreads the fibers, the integral long fibrilia belt 4 is not easy to blow out, so the spiral carding roller 12 is additionally arranged to comb the long fibrilia belt 4 into a plurality of fiber strands which are closely arranged in parallel in the width direction, and the thickness of the long fibrilia belt 4 is further compressed; after the long fibrilia belt 4 is divided into fine strands by the spiral carding roller 12, each row of air injection devices 5-1 corresponds to one bundle of fine fiber strands in the long fibrilia belt 4, so that the fibers are more easily scattered and the fibers are more uniformly dispersed.
Preferably, the spiral opening roller 12 can be actively rotated in the same direction as the fiber conveying direction.
Preferably, the fiber spreading device 5 comprises an air injection device 5-1 and a frame body 5-2; the plurality of air injection devices 5-1 are uniformly arranged on the frame body 5-2 along the width direction of the long fibrilia belt 4, and the frame body 5-2 can reciprocate along the width direction of the long fibrilia belt 4 to drive the air injection devices 5-1 to reciprocate to carry out airflow spreading on the long fibrilia belt 4.
Preferably, the production line further comprises a long ramie stripe storage device 1; the long ramie stripe storage device 1 is arranged at a first station of the production line and used for storing the long ramie stripes 2.
Preferably, the production line also comprises a winding device 19; the winding device 19 is arranged at the last station of the production line and used for winding the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg.
Preferably, the production line further comprises a separator collection roller 8; the adhesive film 9 with the isolating film 7 is wound on the adhesive film discharging device 6; the adhesive film 9 is unwound from the adhesive film unwinding device 6, and the isolation film 7 on the adhesive film 9 is stripped and wound by the isolation film collecting roller 8.
Preferably, the production line further comprises a pre-press roll 20; the pre-pressing roller 20 is arranged between the film covering station and the hot-pressing device 16, and the glue film 9 and the long fibrilia belt 4 are bonded together by using the viscosity of the glue film 9 under the action of the pre-pressing roller 20 to generate a pre-pressing effect, so that the subsequent hot-pressing process is facilitated.
Preferably, the hot-pressing device 16 is composed of a plurality of hot-pressing rollers 17; a plurality of hot-pressing rollers 17 are symmetrically distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the long fibrilia belt 4; the two opposite hot-pressing rollers 17 are in one group, and the hot-pressing device 16 comprises at least two groups which are sequentially arranged along the fiber conveying direction. The hot press roller 17 is a hollow heating roller with heat conducting oil or resistance wire heating structure inside, and keeps the temperature of the hot press roller 17.
Preferably, the isolation film discharging device 13 adopts an isolation film discharging roller. The winding device 19 employs a winding roller. The adhesive film discharging device 6 adopts an adhesive film discharging roller.
Preferably, the preheating device 14 employs preheating rollers; the preheating roller is a hollow heating roller with heat conducting oil or a resistance wire heating structure arranged inside, and is used for keeping the temperature of the preheating device 14.
Preferably, in order to save the floor space of the production line, the setting station can be arranged between the first drawing roller 11 and the second drawing roller 15 of the drafting station; while the second drawing roll 15 acts as a pre-press roll 20.
The invention also provides a production process (short for process) of the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, feeding: one or more long ramie stripes 2 are led out from each long ramie stripe storage device 1, the long ramie stripes 2 are adjusted to be directionally arranged along the fiber conveying direction through respective strip guide mechanisms 3-1, then the long ramie stripes are combined into one bundle in a bundling opening 3-2, and the thickness of the combined long ramie stripes 2 is compressed, so that the long ramie stripes 2 are more compact, gaps among the long ramie stripes 2 are filled, and long ramie fiber belts 4 which are closely arranged in the width direction are obtained;
preferably, in the step 2, the width of the long fibrilia belt 4 after fiber spreading is 1.5 to 2 times of the original width;
preferably, in the step 3, the drafting gauge is 50-300 mm, the linear speed of the first traction roller 11 is 0.1-30 m/min, the linear speed of the second traction roller 15 is 0.3-90 m/min, and the drafting multiplying factor is 1-3 times;
preferably, in the step 4, the setting solution adopts a sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) water solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 g/L; the preheating temperature is 80-150 ℃;
Preferably, in the step 5, the feeding speed of the hot-pressing device 16 is 0.5-12 m/min, the heating temperature is 100-180 ℃, and the pressurizing pressure is 0.5-5 MPa; the thickness of the resin layer on the surface of the adhesive film 9 is 0.1-0.5 mm;
preferably, the fiber is conveyed by the conveying roller 18 and the conveying tension is maintained during the whole process, and the linear speed of the conveying roller 18 during the conveying process is the same as that of the second traction roller 15.
Preferably, a carding step is added between the step 1 and the step 2: the spiral carding roller 12 combs the long hemp fiber band 4 to form a plurality of parallel and closely arranged fiber strands in the width direction of the long hemp fiber band 4, and further compresses the thickness of the long hemp fiber band 4.
Preferably, the process further comprises step 6, winding: the linear speed of the winding device 19 is the same as that of the conveying roller 18, the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg is wound by the winding device 19, and the storage temperature of the prepreg is-18-12 ℃.
Preferably, in step 5, the glue film 9 unwound from the glue film feeding device 6 and the isolation film 7 unwound from the isolation film feeding device 13 are coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the long fibrilia belt 4 through the pre-pressing rollers 20, so that the glue film 9 and the long fibrilia belt 4 are bonded by the viscosity of the glue film 9 through the action of the pre-pressing rollers 20 to generate a pre-pressing effect, and then fed into the hot-pressing device 16.
Example 1
The preparation device of the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg is used for preparing the long fibrilia prepreg, the linear density of the long fibrilia strip 2 is 1500-;
the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg is prepared by the production process.
Comparative example 1
The device after the feeding device 3, the fiber spreading device 5 and the spiral carding roller 12 are removed to prepare the long fibrilia prepreg, wherein the linear density of the used long fibrilia is 1500-;
the process comprises the following steps: after one or more long ramie stripes 2 are led out from each long ramie stripe storage device 1, the long ramie stripes are directly drawn by the second traction roller 15 and the first traction roller 11, and then the long ramie stripes are sprayed, preheated and hot-pressed to finish winding. The other process parameters were the same as in example 1.
As can be seen from fig. 8 and 9, the prepreg prepared in comparative example 1 exhibited significant gaps. The gaps of the prepreg prepared in example 1 disappeared and the uniformity in the transverse direction was improved. And simultaneously, the straightness is further improved.
As can be seen from table 1, the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of areal density of the prepreg prepared in example 1 are significantly improved compared to those of comparative example 1, indicating that the prepreg prepared in example 1 has better uniformity.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. A unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg production line is characterized in that the production line is sequentially provided with a feeding device, a spiral carding roller, a fiber spreading device (5), a drafting station, a shaping station, a film covering station, a hot pressing device (16) and a conveying roller according to the conveying direction of fibers;
the feeding device comprises a strip guiding mechanism and a beam collecting opening; according to the fiber conveying direction, the strip guide mechanism is arranged at the feeding end of the beam collecting opening; the height of the discharge end of the beam collecting opening is smaller than that of the feed end; the strip guide mechanism is provided with a plurality of feeding holes, each long ramie stripe (2) corresponds to one feeding hole, the non-directional long ramie stripes (2) are adjusted to be directionally arranged along the fiber conveying direction, and meanwhile, no overlapping is generated between each long ramie stripe (2); the bundling opening is used for combining the bundles of long ramie stripes (2) which are arranged in parallel after the guide strip mechanism is guided in into one bundle in the width direction, and meanwhile, the thickness of the combined long ramie stripes (2) is compressed, so that the long ramie stripes (2) are more compact, gaps among the bundles of long ramie stripes (2) are filled, and the long ramie fiber belt (4) is obtained;
a rotary spiral carding roller is arranged behind the discharge end of the beam collecting opening; the spiral carding roller plays a carding role on the long fibrilia belt (4), the long fibrilia belt (4) is carded into a plurality of fiber fine strands which are closely arranged in parallel in the width direction, and the thickness of the long fibrilia belt (4) is further compressed;
the fiber spreading device (5) comprises an air injection device and a frame body; the plurality of air injection devices are uniformly arranged on the frame body along the width direction of the long fibrilia belt (4), the frame body can reciprocate along the width direction of the long fibrilia belt (4) to drive the air injection devices to reciprocate to carry out air flow spreading on the long fibrilia belt (4), so that the long fibrilia belt (4) becomes wider and thinner in the width direction, and the surface density becomes smaller;
the drafting station consists of a first traction roller (11) and a second traction roller (15) which are sequentially arranged according to the fiber conveying direction; the linear speed of the first traction roller (11) is less than that of the second traction roller (15), and the long fibrilia belt (4) is drafted along the length direction between the first traction roller (11) and the second traction roller (15), so that the long fibrilia belt (4) becomes thin along the length direction, and the straightness of the long fibrilia is improved;
the shaping station consists of a spraying device (10) and a preheating device (14) which are sequentially arranged according to the fiber conveying direction; the spraying device (10) sprays the shaping solution to the long fibrilia belt (4); the preheating device (14) carries out preheating treatment on the long fibrilia belt (4) sprayed with the shaping solution, so that the shaping solution fully infiltrates the long fibrilia belt (4) and evaporates the solvent in the shaping solution on the long fibrilia belt (4), and further the shaping of the long fibrilia belt (4) is realized;
the film laminating station consists of a glue film discharging device (6) and an isolating film discharging device; the adhesive film (9) is unwound from the adhesive film discharging device (6), and the isolating film (7) is unwound from the isolating film discharging device; then, the adhesive film (9) and the isolating film (7) are respectively laid on the two side surfaces of the long fibrilia belt (4) and are fed into a hot-pressing device (16);
the hot-pressing device (16) is used for immersing the resin layer of the adhesive film (9) into the long fibrilia belt (4) under the heating and pressurizing action of the hot-pressing device (16) so as to bond the fibers and obtain the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg;
the linear speed of the conveying roller is the same as that of the second traction roller (15), so that the fibers are conveyed, the conveying tension is kept, and the tension state of the prepreg is kept in the conveying process.
2. A unidirectional long jute fiber prepreg production line according to claim 1 further comprising a long sliver storage means and a winding means; the long ramie stripe storage device is arranged at a first station of the production line and used for storing long ramie stripes (2); the winding device is arranged at the last station of the production line and used for winding the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg.
3. A unidirectional long jute fiber prepreg production line according to claim 1 further comprising a barrier film take-up roll; an adhesive film (9) with an isolating film (7) is wound on the adhesive film discharging device; the adhesive film (9) is unwound from the adhesive film discharging device (6), and the isolating film (7) on the adhesive film (9) is stripped and wound by the isolating film collecting roller.
4. A unidirectional long jute fiber prepreg production line according to claim 1 further comprising pre-press rolls; the pre-pressing roller is arranged between the film covering station and the hot-pressing device (16), and the glue film (9) is bonded with the long fibrilia belt (4) under the action of the pre-pressing roller to generate a pre-pressing effect, so that the subsequent hot-pressing process is facilitated.
5. A unidirectional long jute fiber prepreg production line according to claim 1 wherein the hot press (16) is comprised of several hot press rolls; a plurality of hot-pressing rollers are symmetrically distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the long fibrilia belt (4); every two opposite hot-pressing rollers form a group, and the hot-pressing device (16) comprises at least two groups which are sequentially arranged along the fiber conveying direction.
6. A unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg production process based on the production line of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the process comprises the following steps:
step 1, feeding: after being adjusted to be directionally arranged along the fiber conveying direction by respective strip guiding mechanisms, the long ramie stripes (2) are combined into a bundle in the bundle collecting opening and the thickness of the combined long ramie stripes (2) is compressed, so that the long ramie stripes (2) are more compact, gaps among the long ramie stripes (2) are filled, and the long ramie fiber belt (4) is obtained;
step 2, fiber spreading: the fiber spreading device (5) reciprocates along the width direction of the long fibrilia belt (4) and is used for spreading the long fibrilia belt (4) to spread the long fibrilia belt (4) along the width direction, so that the long fibrilia belt (4) is widened and thinned;
step 3, drafting: the rotating speed of the second traction roller (15) is greater than that of the first traction roller (11), a speed difference is generated between the first traction roller and the second traction roller, and the long fibrilia belt (4) is drafted along the length direction, so that the length direction of the long fibrilia belt (4) is thinned, and the straightness of the long fibrilia is improved;
step 4, shaping: the spraying device (10) sprays the shaping solution to the long fibrilia belt (4); the preheating device (14) carries out preheating treatment on the long fibrilia belt (4) sprayed with the shaping solution, so that the shaping solution fully infiltrates the long fibrilia belt (4) and evaporates the solvent in the shaping solution on the long fibrilia belt (4), and further the shaping of the long fibrilia belt (4) is realized;
step 5, hot pressing: coating the adhesive film (9) unwound from the adhesive film unwinding device and the isolating film (7) unwound from the isolating film unwinding device on the two side surfaces of the long fibrilia belt (4) and feeding the two side surfaces into a hot-pressing device (16); the resin layer of the adhesive film (9) is immersed into the long fibrilia belt (4) under the heating and pressurizing action of the hot-pressing device (16) to bond the fibers, so that the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg is obtained.
7. The production process of the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg according to claim 6, wherein in the step 2, the width of the long fibrilia belt (4) after fiber spreading is 1.5-2 times of the original width;
in the step 3, the drafting gauge is 50-300 mm, the linear speed of the first traction roller (11) is 0.1-30 m/min, the linear speed of the second traction roller (15) is 0.3-90 m/min, and the drafting multiplying power is 1-3 times;
in the step 4, the setting solution adopts a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 g/L; the preheating temperature is 80-150 ℃;
in the step 5, the feeding speed of the hot-pressing device (16) is 0.5-12 m/min, the heating temperature is 100-180 ℃, and the pressurizing pressure is 0.5-5 MPa; the thickness of the resin layer on the surface of the adhesive film (9) is 0.1-0.5 mm.
8. The process for producing unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg according to claim 6, wherein a carding step is added between the step 1 and the step 2: the spiral carding roller plays a carding role on the long fibrilia belt (4), the long fibrilia belt (4) is carded into a plurality of fiber fine strands which are closely arranged in parallel in the width direction, and the thickness of the long fibrilia belt (4) is further compressed;
the process also comprises the following steps of 6, winding: the linear speed of the winding device is the same as that of the conveying roller, and the unidirectional long fibrilia prepreg is wound by the winding device, wherein the storage temperature of the prepreg is-18-12 ℃;
in the step 5, the glue film (9) unwound from the glue film discharging device and the isolation film (7) unwound from the isolation film discharging device are coated on the two side surfaces of the long fibrilia belt (4) through the prepressing rollers, the glue film (9) is bonded with the long fibrilia belt (4) through the action of the prepressing rollers to generate the prepressing action, and then the glue film and the long fibrilia belt are fed into the hot pressing device (16).
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