A kind of forming method that utilizes waste fiber fabrics serialization to manufacture honeycomb
Technical field
The present invention relates to the forming method art of honeycomb, refer in particular to a kind of forming method that utilizes waste fiber fabrics serialization to manufacture honeycomb.
Background technology
Because the intensity of frp sandwich construction is high, lightweight, rigidity is large, corrosion-resistant, electric insulation and thoroughly microwave etc., be widely used in aircraft, guided missile, airship and model, the roof boarding of aircraft industry and aerospace industry etc. at present, can significantly alleviate the weight of building and improve and use function.Transparent grp structural panel sandwich, has been widely used in the lighting roof in the industrial premises of cold district, large-scale utilities building and greenhouse.At shipbuilding and field of traffic, frp sandwich construction is widely used in the many members in fiberglass submarine, mine sweeper, yacht.The fiberglass that China manufactures and designs is crossed street foot bridge, highway bridge, automobile and train and is incubated cool Tibetan car etc., has all adopted frp sandwich construction, has met lightweight, many performance requirements such as intensity is high, rigidity is large, heat insulation, insulation.At the thunder that requires microwave, cross in cover, frp sandwich construction has become the proprietary material that other material can not be by comparison.
GFRP honeycomb sandwich structure is to adopt fiberglass thin plate to make covering, and cellular material (glass cloth honeycomb, paper honeycomb or other cotton and aluminium honeycomb etc.) is done laminboard layer.Honeycomb sandwich construction lightweight, intensity is high, and rigidity is large, multiplexly makes the structural member that physical dimension is large, requirement of strength is high, as the bearing plate of glass fiber reinforced plastic bridge, spherical roof structure, radome, reflecting surface, refrigerator car floor and body structure etc.
Make at present the method for honeycomb, all generally to adopt glass cloth, paper or cotton etc. for raw material, the liquid viscose agent such as heat cured epoxy resin, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral resin, by hand is stuck with paste or machinery is brushed form by adhesive coated on raw material, glue is after solidifying, become and be shaped to honeycomb block, honeycomb block is cut into certain altitude on request, after stretching, be orthohexagonal cellular sandwich material.
China is procedure of fibre production and use big country, and the annual not only considerable various fibers of own production quantity also need a large amount of fiber of import simultaneously, and wherein the output of polyester fiber is in sustainable growth at most and still.According to scholarly forecast polyester fiber, by the speed increment with annual 5%, market will account for 35% of all fibres market, and most fiber all has non-biodegradable, has caused thus the consumption of annual each fiber of China and fabric over ten million ton.The leftover pieces of textile mills and the quantity of waste and old clothes are considerable, have not only caused surprising waste, and the pollution that environment is produced is also more and more serious, is hiding many hidden danger such as fire.So by the in addition recycling of these waste materials, make high value-added product, can reduce production costs on the one hand, there is economic benefit; On the other hand, from the basic principle of polymer science, the large molecule of polymer will decompose does not affect the age that the degree of plant growth in soil need to be very very long.If be imbedded among soil layer, to soil horizon plant, be not only fatal harm, also can threaten the mankind's living space indirect, calamitously, so solve problem, the reduction environmental pollution of waste disposal, there is environment protection significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to the disappearance of prior art existence, its main purpose is to provide a kind of forming method that utilizes waste fiber fabrics serialization to manufacture honeycomb, it adopts waste fiber fabrics as raw fibre, can meet industrial production needed raw material, reduce environmental pollution, save the energy simultaneously, and reduce production costs.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Utilize waste fiber fabrics serialization to manufacture a forming method for honeycomb,
The first step: by scrap fabric shredding, dedusting, impurity elimination, washing, crushed after being dried, make short fiber with opening mechanism;
Second step: the fiber after shredding completes combing, removal of impurities and the mixing of fiber by carding mechanism;
The 3rd step: the fiber mixing is sent in air lay mechanism and condenses, forms the mixed and disorderly fluffy fibre web of arranging;
The 4th step: fluffy fibre web is out sent into acupuncture mechanism and carried out progressively compacting, acupuncture from random web-laying equipment, forms non-weave non-woven fabrics;
The 5th step: non-weave non-woven fabrics is fed into and carries out gluing in honeycomb gluer structure;
The 6th step: by the fiber cloth taking-up of gluing, superimposed, be heating and curing with heating arrangements;
The 7th step: put into cutting mechanism, cut into honeycomb core bar;
The 8th step: honeycomb core bar is put into drawing mechanism, stretch;
The 9th step: the honeycomb core bar after stretching is put into impregnation mechanism impregnation;
The tenth step: the honeycomb after impregnation is solidified, obtain comb core.
Preferably, in described the 4th step, to the adhesive of non-weave non-woven fabrics gluing, be a kind of resin binder that carries out modification by adding filling method, the filler of this interpolation is organic filler or inorganic filler.
Preferably, described organic filler is starch, and the addition of this starch is by weight lower than 10% of resin binder matrix.
Preferably, described inorganic filler is silica, talcum powder, calcium carbonate or aluminium oxide, and the addition of this inorganic filler is no more than 50% of resin binder matrix by weight.
Preferably, the adhesive that in described the 9th step, honeycomb core bar is carried out to impregnation is one or more in epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, phenolic resins, organic siliconresin and DAP resin.
Preferably, described adhesive is a kind of resin that carries out modification by adding inorganic filler.
Preferably, described inorganic filler is silica, talcum powder, calcium carbonate or aluminium oxide, and the consumption of this inorganic filler is 8%~30% of resin matrix by weight.
Preferably, the prepared comb core of described step 10 by weight gel content be 50~58%.
Preferably, described waste and old fibre is any two or more the mixture in polyester fiber, polypropylene fibre, Fypro, cotton fiber, flaxen fiber, real silk and wool.
Preferably, in described waste and old fibre, the occupancy volume of polyester fiber is greater than 50% by weight, and by adding by weight 10%~20% new fiber, mixes in second step.
The present invention compared with prior art has obvious advantage and beneficial effect, particularly, as shown from the above technical solution, it is mainly through shredding by waste fiber fabrics, combing, make non-woven fibre cloth, gluing, be heating and curing, shear, honeycomb core is made in stretching, and the curing honeycomb article that obtains of impregnation, raw material used in the present invention is mainly waste and old clothes and fabric, waste fiber fabrics is become to the raw fibre of product, do like this and not only reduced the pollution of waste textile to environment, but also saved the energy, the constant product quality molding, with low cost.
In addition, scrap fabric is through removal of impurities, shredding and be carded to short fiber, the technology that adopts again air lay and acupuncture to combine is made non-woven non-woven fibre cloth, above-mentioned non-woven fibre cloth is carried out to gluing through honeycomb fashion rubber-coated mechanism and make honeycomb core, after being heating and curing, cut into honeycomb core bar, the curing goods that obtain of last impregnation, the forming method of the serialization of honeycomb article is expected in realization from waste and old clothes cloth, not only with short production cycle, and simple, practical reliable, can effectively reduce production costs.
For more clearly setting forth architectural feature of the present invention and effect, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the present invention's preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the part-structure schematic diagram of the present invention's preferred embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the forming method FB(flow block) of the present invention's preferred embodiment.
Accompanying drawing identifier declaration:
1, feed hair curtain 2, wool-opening roller
3, breast cylinder 4, transport roller
5, stripper roller 6, working roll
7, cylinder 8, hair-dryer
9, wind-supplying mouth 10, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning air channel
11, become lace curtaining 12, induced-draught fan
13, convoying curtain 14, feeding roller
15, stripping web plate 16, holder web plate
17, needing machine 18, delivery roll
19, idler roller 20, glue groove
21, be with rubber roll 22, pass rubber roll
23, glue-printing roller 24, pressure adjusting roller
25, glue scraping plate 26, guide roller
27, heater 28, receipts cloth reel
29, fibre-opening unit having 30, carding apparatus
31, air lay mechanism 32, be sent to mechanism
33, acupuncture mechanism 34, honeycomb gluer structure
35, heating arrangements 36, cutting mechanism
37, drawing mechanism 38, impregnation mechanism
39, air lay and acupuncture group locking device 40, honeycomb preparation facilities.
The specific embodiment
Please refer to shown in Fig. 1, the concrete structure that it has demonstrated the present invention's preferred embodiment, includes fibre-opening unit having 29, carding apparatus 30, air lay and the acupuncture group locking device 39, the honeycomb preparation facilities 40 that set gradually.Wherein this air lay and acupuncture group locking device 39 comprise air lay mechanism 31, are sent to mechanism 32 and acupuncture mechanism 33; This honeycomb preparation facilities 40 comprises honeycomb gluer structure 34, heating arrangements 35, cutting mechanism 36, drawing mechanism 37He impregnation mechanism 38, and this multiple device coordinates, to realize recovery, the serialization processing of waste fiber fabrics, final output honeycomb goods.
Particularly, brad or hired roughneck that described fibre-opening unit having 29 is opener, it is applicable to the raw cotton of various grades and the shredding of composite fibre, removal of impurities, because the structure of fibre-opening unit having 29 is known techniques, at this, no longer carefully states.During work, waste fiber fabrics is carried by air-flow, along hired roughneck, tangentially enter hired roughneck chamber, and the surperficial spiral along deflector around brad hired roughneck advances, under the acting in conjunction of hired roughneck, bar grid, deflector, air-flow and other auxiliary elements, obtain abundant shredding remove portion impurity, become the fiber of frustillatum or even pencil.Wherein, described waste and old fibre is any two or more the mixture in polyester fiber, polypropylene fibre, Fypro, cotton fiber, flaxen fiber, real silk, wool; This method be take polyester fiber as master's (total content surpasses 50% by weight) mixes by adding other various fibers, wherein adds 10%~20% new fiber by weight and can produce the honeycomb article that performance is more superior.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, described carding apparatus 30 is the carding machine for bar fiber process systems such as wool spinning, bast fibre spinning, silk spinnings, after shredding operation, fiber is bundle, bulk more, and there is many impurity, need carry out careful combing processing, bundle, block fiber are further resolved into ultimate fibre state, removal of contamination and fault, and the package of making on demand certain specification.This carding apparatus 30 comprises feeds hair roller, wool-opening roller 2, breast cylinder 73, transport roller 4, stripper roller 5, working roll 6 and cylinder 7.This transport roller 4 is attached between cylinder 7 and breast cylinder 73, on the opposite side that is attached to breast cylinder 73 of wool-opening roller 2, stripper roller 5 and working roll 6 are all attached to the surface of cylinder 7, in the present embodiment, this wool-opening roller 2 and transport roller 4 backwards rotation, forward rotate with the breast cylinder 73 of wool-opening roller 2, transport roller 4 laminatings, also forward rotate with the cylinder 7 of transport roller 4 opposite side laminatings.In work, carding apparatus 30 completes following operation by the fiber after shredding:
1) combing: bundle, block fiber are carried out to careful combing, make it be separated into ultimate fibre state, make as far as possible straightening of fibers parallel;
2) removal of impurities: further remove impurity, fault and part short fiber in feeding semi-products;
3) mix: being separated under the prerequisite of single fiber, the fiber of various trait and ratio is mixed fully, to make uniform ribbon.
Described air lay mechanism 31 comprises hair-dryer 8, wind-supplying mouth 9, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning air channel 10, becomes lace curtaining 11, induced-draught fan 12.This wind-supplying mouth 9 is opened in the below of cylinder 7, becomes lace curtaining 11 to block and is located in comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning air channel 10, and hair-dryer 8 is arranged on the inlet port in comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning air channel 10, induced-draught fan 12 be arranged on comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning air channel 10 exit, be positioned at into the rear of lace curtaining 11.The aforementioned airflow function that produced by cylinder 7 centrifugal force and wind wheel through the mixed ultimate fibre of carding machine combing, comes off and enters comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning air channel 10 from cylinder 7 needle points.After becoming lace curtaining 11, have induced-draught fan 12, the suction of induced-draught fan 12 constantly condenses upon on lace curtaining 11 fiber, forms the mixed and disorderly fibre web of arranging.
Because fibre web out from random web-laying equipment is more fluffy, then need compacting once before sending into acupuncture mechanism 33.At this moment need to be sent to mechanism 32, this is sent to mechanism 32 is that a pressure network curtain formula is sent to mechanism 32, and it comprises convoying curtain 13 and feeding roller 14, and convoying curtain 13 is arranged on between lace curtaining 11 and feeding roller 14.This effect of being sent to mechanism 32 is by becoming lace curtaining 11 and the fluffy fibre web of convoying curtain 13 clamping progressively to compress and feed; Fibre web goes out into after lace curtaining 11, is subject to successfully entering acupuncture district after the compression of a pair of feeding roller 14.
Described acupuncture mechanism 33 is arranged in this acupuncture district, and this acupuncture mechanism 33 includes stripping web plate 15, holder web plate 16 and needing machine 17, and this needing machine 17 is positioned at the top of stripping web plate 15, and holder web plate 16 is arranged on the below of stripping web plate 15.The fibre web preparing is fed into after acupuncture mechanism 33, first carries out pre-needling, needing machine 17 main transmissions drive needle beam, needle plate to pump together with pricker by crank-linkage.Fluffy fibre web is sent into acupuncture district under feeding to curtain clamping.When needle plate moves downward, pricker thrusts fibre web, and fibre web is near holder web plate 16.When needle plate moves upward, fibre web moves upward fibre web with the friction between pricker together with pricker, and fibre web is near stripping web plate 15.Feeding and output speed match, and intermittently stepping, also can move continuously.Fibre web by acupuncture district after, possess certain brute force, density and thickness.And then deliver to main acupuncture, main acupuncture is that the fibre web through pre-needling is carried out to acupuncture to increase needling density, makes fibre web form the non-weave non-woven fabrics of performances such as having certain brute force, density, elasticity.
Honeycomb gluer structure 34 is for above-mentioned non-weaving cloth is carried out to upper glue process, and this honeycomb gluer structure 34 comprises delivery roll 18, idler roller 19, glue groove 20, band rubber roll 21, passs rubber roll 22, glue-printing roller 23, pressure adjusting roller 24, glue scraping plate 25 and guide roller 26.This delivery roll 18 is arranged between holder web plate 16 and guide roller 26, and idler roller 19 is arranged on the below, space between guide roller 26 and delivery roll 18, for the fiber cloth between tensioning delivery roll 18 and guide roller 26.This is passed on the transfer path that rubber roll 22, pressure regulation spiral shell and glue scraping plate 25 be arranged on the fiber cloth between idler roller 19 and guide roller 26, and wherein this glue scraping plate 25 is positioned at the rear of glue-printing roller 23, and glue groove 20, with rubber roll 21, is positioned at by the side with rubber roll 21.Wherein, in glue groove 20, resin binder is housed, this resin binder can carry out modification by adding filling method, and conventional filler divides organic and inorganic two classes: conventional organic filler has starch etc., and addition is by weight lower than 10% of resin binder matrix; Conventional inorganic filler has silica, talcum powder, calcium carbonate, aluminium oxide etc., and the consumption of filler reaches as high as 50% of resin binder matrix by weight.
Heating arrangements 35 is arranged on the exit of honeycomb gluer structure 34, and this heating arrangements 35 is a heater 27, and the rear of heater 27 is also provided with receipts cloth reel 28.Fiber cloth is carried out positive and negative gluing by glue spreader, the adhesive tape of the fiber cloth positive and negative half pitch that evenly offsets, the oven for drying that then enters heater 27.The fiber cloth of gluing is not emitted from the cloth holder of the other end, superimposed with baking oven from heater 27 seal adhesive plaster out through guide roller 26, receives together on cloth holder, and rolling during to design thickness, is taken off honeycomb core daughter board from receiving cloth cylinder, is heating and curing.
Described cutting mechanism 36, drawing mechanism 37He impregnation mechanism 38 are successively set on the rear of heating arrangements 35, fiber cloth after being heating and curing is put into cutting mechanism 36, cut into honeycomb core bar, then put into drawing mechanism 37, carry out stretched operation, then the honeycomb core bar after stretching is put into impregnation mechanism 38 impregnations, finally the honeycomb after impregnation is solidified, mold honeycomb goods.Wherein, in impregnation mechanism 38, have steeping vat, impregnation resin is housed in this steeping vat, this impregnation resin can be one or more in epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, phenolic resins, organic siliconresin and DAP resin; And this impregnation resin can carry out modification by adding inorganic filler, and conventional inorganic filler has silica, talcum powder, calcium carbonate, aluminium oxide, and the consumption of this inorganic filler is 8%~30% of impregnation resin matrix by weight; The gel content of the comb core that the present invention is prepared counts 50~58% by weight.
Comprehensive, as shown in Figure 3, the molding procedure of this comb core structure is as follows:
Step 1: by scrap fabric dedusting, impurity elimination, washing, crushed after being dried, technique is made short fiber routinely.
Step 2: by prepare short fiber feeding air lay mechanism 31, in air lay mechanism, 31 li of fibers feed main carding mechanism after shredding, removal of impurities, mixing, obtain being ultimate fibre state after further combing, under the centrifugal force producing at cylinder high speed rotary and the acting in conjunction of air-flow, fiber comes off from card clothing sawtooth, by air-flow, carry and condense upon into lace curtaining 11 (or dust cage) upper, form the mixed and disorderly fibre web of arranging of fibre three-dimensional.
Step 3: the fibre web of lower machine in Jiang Cong air lay mechanism 31, be fed into needing machine 17, now the fibre web in needing machine 17 is very fluffy, just by the cohesive force between fiber and fiber, produce certain brute force, but powerful very poor, when many pieces of prickers thrust fibre web, acicular hook on pricker will drive the fiber of fibre web surface and subsurface, movement in vertical direction by from the in-plane of fibre web to fibre web, make fiber produce displacement up and down, and the fiber that produces displacement up and down just produces certain extruding to fibre web, make in fibre web fiber draw close and compressed.After pricker reaches certain degree of depth, pricker bottom out, due to acicular hook cause forward, the fiber that produces displacement depart from acicular hook and with the state that almost hangs down stay in fibre web, (just as many fibre bundles " pin ", hammered into fibre web) thus fluffy fibre web is reinforced into fiber cloth.
Step 4: above-mentioned fiber cloth is entered and printed glue formula honeycomb gluer structure 34 by conveying device, in honeycomb gluer structure 34, fiber cloth is after tensioning apparatus tensioning, by glue-printing roller 23, carry out positive and negative gluing, the adhesive tape of the fiber cloth positive and negative half pitch that evenly offsets, then enters heater 27 and dries.The fiber cloth of gluing is not emitted from other end cloth holder, through guide roller 26, with superimposed from heater 27 seal adhesive plaster out, receives together on cloth holder, when design thickness is arrived in rolling, by receipts cloth cylinder, honeycomb core daughter board being taken off, is heating and curing.
Step 5: the honeycomb core after being heating and curing is cut into honeycomb core bar by cutting mechanism 36.
Step 6: above-mentioned honeycomb core bar is put into drawing mechanism 37 and stretch.
Step 7: the honeycomb core bar after stretching is put into impregnation mechanism 38 impregnations.
Step 8: the honeycomb after impregnation is solidified, obtain comb core goods.
In sum, design focal point of the present invention is, its be mainly by waste fiber fabrics through shredding, combing, make non-woven fibre cloth, gluing, be heating and curing, shear, stretch and make honeycomb core and impregnation and solidify and obtain honeycomb article, raw material used in the present invention is mainly waste and old clothes and fabric, waste fiber fabrics is become to the raw fibre of product, do like this and not only reduced the pollution of waste textile to environment, but also saved the energy, there is constant product quality, with low cost.
In addition, scrap fabric is through removal of impurities, shredding and be carded to short fiber, in the technology that adopts air lay and acupuncture to combine, make non-woven non-woven fibre cloth, above-mentioned fiber cloth is carried out to gluing through honeycomb fashion glue spreader and make honeycomb core, after being heating and curing, cut into honeycomb core bar, the curing goods that obtain of last impregnation, and what from waste and old clothes, cloth, expect honeycomb article employing is the forming method of serialization, not only with short production cycle, and simple, practical reliable, can effectively reduce production costs.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not technical scope of the present invention is imposed any restrictions, therefore any trickle modification, equivalent variations and modification that every foundation technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.