CN113953433A - Universal special-shaped rail forging die and application thereof - Google Patents
Universal special-shaped rail forging die and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113953433A CN113953433A CN202111216935.XA CN202111216935A CN113953433A CN 113953433 A CN113953433 A CN 113953433A CN 202111216935 A CN202111216935 A CN 202111216935A CN 113953433 A CN113953433 A CN 113953433A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- district
- shape
- size
- die cavity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K7/00—Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts
- B21K7/02—Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts parts for permanent way
- B21K7/08—Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts parts for permanent way base plates for rails, e.g. chairs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses general type dysmorphism rail forges mould and application thereof, the mould die cavity of mould sets gradually first former material district, first transition district, shaping district, second transition district and second former material district for leading to the groove structure and along track length direction, the mould die cavity is located the part in first former material district and second former material district, and shape and size is based on the overall dimension design of standard rail, is located the part in shaping district, and shape and size is based on the overall dimension design of groove rail, is located the part in first transition district and second transition district, and shape and size designs to be passed through gradually to the groove rail by standard rail, the mould die cavity is about the central axis symmetric distribution in shaping district. The utility model provides a mould simple structure, convenient to use utilize symmetrical formula structural design's mould die cavity to the abnormal shape rail of different work limit orientations is produced to the mode of two pressures of a mould, is guaranteeing to forge under the prerequisite of quality, is showing to have reduced the mould and has made and the maintenance cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail engineering, in particular to a universal special-shaped rail forging die and application thereof.
Background
At present, standard 50kg/m rails are mostly used in domestic tramcars in stations, groove rails are mostly used on the rails, and the heights of the rail waist parts of the standard rails and the groove rails are different, so that a certain height difference exists between the two types of rails, the different rail type lines are usually connected by adopting a field direct butt welding mode, and special-shaped fishtail reinforcing plates are welded at the weak link of the staggered surface of the rail waist joint. The size difference of the welding surfaces is large, the welding difficulty is large, the cost is high, the staggered teeth are easy to generate, the staggered teeth are required to be polished subsequently to ensure that one side of the working edge rail is smooth, the appearance quality of the joint in the method is poor, the strength is low, the running speed and the running efficiency of the tramcar are not favorably improved, the whole welding operation amount is large, and the labor cost is high.
With the technical progress, a high-temperature die forging processing method is introduced into the industry to produce the special-shaped rail for realizing the transition between the standard rail and the grooved rail, and the special-shaped rail joint has the advantages of good appearance quality and high structural strength. However, the following problems still exist in the practical application:
1. because the directions of the working edges on the rails are different, two sets of dies with completely opposite directions need to be arranged in a matched mode when the special-shaped rails are machined, then the proper dies are selected according to actual production requirements, the manufacturing cost of high-temperature die forging equipment is high, one set of die needs to cost dozens of or even millions, the production expenditure cost is high, and sometimes partial idle conditions exist, so that waste is caused.
2. The mould structural design is unreasonable, uses inconveniently, is unfavorable for reducing the forging degree of difficulty of abnormal shape rail, and the quality stability of product is poor, and life cycle is short.
Aiming at the problems, a new special-shaped rail forging die needs to be developed in the industry, so that the production cost and the technical difficulty of forging operation are reduced while the connection requirements of different types of lines of the tramcar are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a general type dysmorphism rail forges mould and uses thereof, reduces mould cost expenditure and convenient to use. The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a universal type special-shaped rail forging die is characterized in that a die cavity is of a through groove structure and is sequentially provided with a first raw material area, a first transition area, a forming area, a second transition area and a second raw material area along the length direction of a rail, the die cavity is located in the first raw material area and the second raw material area, the shape and the size of the die cavity are designed based on the shape and the size of a standard rail and the shape and the size of a portion located in the forming area, the shape and the size of the die cavity are designed based on the shape and the size of a groove rail, the portion located in the first transition area and the second transition area are designed to be gradually transited from the standard rail to the groove rail, and the die cavity is symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the forming area.
In some specific embodiments, the mold cavities include a rail head cavity, a rail web cavity, and a rail foot cavity arranged along a width direction of the rail;
for the rail head die cavity, the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the first raw material area and the second raw material area, of the rail head die cavity are matched with the external dimension of a standard rail head, and the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the forming section, of the rail head die cavity are matched with the external dimension of the external part of the rail head of the groove-type rail except the rail lip;
for the rail web die cavity, the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the first raw material area and the second raw material area, of the rail web die cavity are matched with the external dimension of the standard rail web, and the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the forming section, of the rail web die cavity are matched with the external dimension of the groove-type rail web;
and for the rail bottom mold cavity, the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the first raw material area and the second raw material area, of the rail bottom mold cavity are matched with the external dimension of the standard rail bottom, and the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the molding section, of the rail bottom mold cavity are between the groove-type rail bottom and the standard rail bottom.
In some specific embodiments, the first log area and the second log area are each no less than 90mm in length.
In some specific embodiments, the lengths of the first transition area and the second transition area are both 100-250 mm.
In some specific embodiments, the length of the molding zone is not less than 350 mm.
The specific size of each region of the mold cavity can be selected based on the comprehensive consideration of product structure characteristics, field equipment capability, product quality assurance degree, manufacturing cost, technical difficulty and production efficiency. But it should be noted that:
if the length of the first and second raw material areas is less than 90mm, the rail piece die-entering guiding and the overall forging stability are not facilitated.
If the lengths of the first transition area and the second transition area are too short, the flow distribution of transition metals with different sections during forging is unfavorable, local metal accumulation is easily caused, a structural stress risk area is generated, and meanwhile, the forming is not easy to be good, the processing and manufacturing cost is high and complex, and the quality is not easy to control; and the first and second transition areas are too long in length and insufficient in metal amount, so that the risk of metal overstretching and flowing in the transition areas is caused, the local forging filling is not full, the overlong weak risk structural area is easy to form, and meanwhile, the length space of the extrusion forming area is long.
If the length of the molding zone is less than 350mm, not only the structural requirements of the product cannot be met, but also the circuit connection becomes extremely difficult; this forming zone can be extended by a greater portion with sufficient equipment capacity, sufficient metal forging, and acceptable tooling costs and efficiency.
The universal special-shaped rail forging die is applied to the production of special-shaped rails, and the process is as follows: one end of the standard rail is heated and softened and then placed in a mold cavity, the mold is closed, the molding forging of the special-shaped rail is completed, and when the special-shaped rail with opposite working edge orientation needs to be forged, the operation is repeated after the mold is horizontally turned for 180 degrees.
The technical scheme provided by the application has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the application provides a mould is used for realizing the forging production process of the abnormal shape rail of coupling between different rail types, simple structure, convenient to use, low in manufacturing cost has very big market spreading value, has not only reduced tram abnormal shape rail's the manufacturing cost and the local forging operation technique degree of difficulty, and the abnormal shape rail that produces moreover connects intensity height, appearance quality is good, the steady quality is reliable, satisfies the product operation requirement completely.
2. The application provides a mould is whole symmetrical formula structure with the die cavity design, when the deformed rail of different work limit orientations is forged to needs, only need can realize a mould two with mould horizontal rotation 180 and press, reduces half equipment input fund, and the operating means is very simple, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing forging quality, is showing and has reduced mould manufacturing and maintenance cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a standard rail;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a channel rail;
fig. 3 is a structural view of a general-purpose type irregular rail forging die in the embodiment of the present application (only a part of the die is shown);
FIG. 4 is a view of the left end face of the mold of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a view of the right end face of the mold of FIG. 3;
in the figure: 01. rail head, 02, rail web, 03, rail bottom, 04 and rail lip; 1. the rail comprises a first raw material area, a first transition area, a forming area, a second transition area, a second raw material area, a rail head die cavity, a rail web die cavity, a rail bottom die cavity and a rail head die cavity, wherein the first raw material area is 2, the first transition area is 3, the forming area is 4, the second transition area is 5, the second raw material area is 6, the rail head die cavity is 7, the rail web die cavity is 8, and the rail bottom die cavity is 8.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the technical solutions in the present application will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the drawings and the preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "coupled" or "connected" to another element, it can be directly coupled, connected or communicated with the other element or indirectly coupled, connected or communicated with the other element via other intervening elements.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
Examples
A universal forging die for special-shaped rails is used for producing special-shaped rails for realizing the connection of standard rails and grooved rails. Referring to fig. 1, the standard rail is integrally i-shaped and comprises a rail head 01, a rail web 02 and a rail bottom 03, and referring to fig. 2, the main body structure of the groove-shaped rail is similar to that of the standard rail, only a rail lip 04 is arranged on one side of the non-working surface of the rail head 01, and the rail head 01 and the rail lip 04 form a U-shaped groove to protect a running tramcar.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the mold is of a rectangular structure, and the inner cavity of the mold is of a through groove structure, so that the rail to be processed is placed in the mold. The mold cavity is divided into five parts along the length direction, namely a first raw material area 1, a first transition area 2, a forming area 3, a second transition area 4 and a second raw material area 5, and is further divided into a rail head mold cavity 6, a rail web mold cavity 7 and a rail bottom mold cavity 8 along the width direction.
For the rail head mold cavity 6, the parts of the first stock area 1 and the second stock area 5 are matched with the external dimension of the standard rail head, the parts of the molding section 3 are matched with the external dimension of the groove-type rail head except the rail lip, and the parts of the first transition area 2 and the second transition area 4 are designed into a mode that the standard rail head is gradually transited to the groove-type rail head.
For the rail web mold cavity 7, the shape and size of the parts which are positioned in the first raw material area 1 and the second raw material area 5 are matched with the shape and size of the standard rail web, the shape and size of the parts which are positioned in the molding section 3 are matched with the shape and size of the groove type rail web, and the shape and size of the parts which are positioned in the first transition area 2 and the second transition area 4 are designed into a mode that the standard rail web is gradually transited to the groove type rail web.
For the rail bottom die cavity 8, the shape and size of the parts which are positioned in the first raw material area 1 and the second raw material area 5 are matched with the external dimension of the rail bottom of the standard rail, the parts which are positioned in the forming section 3 are between the rail bottom of the groove rail and the rail bottom of the standard rail, and the forming section is not designed to be matched with the rail bottom of the groove rail because the softened steel has limited volume and is difficult to completely fill the die cavity of the rail bottom of the groove rail with the standard size, thereby affecting the forming quality of a product, and the shapes and sizes of the parts which are positioned in the first transition area 2 and the second transition area 4 are designed to be gradually transited from the rail bottom of the standard rail to the rail bottom of the forming section.
The mold cavity of the application is distributed in a symmetrical structure relative to the center line of the forming area 3 in the width direction.
In this embodiment, the lengths of the first raw material zone 1 and the second raw material zone 5 are not less than 90mm, the lengths of the first transition zone 2 and the second transition zone 4 are 150mm, and the length of the forming zone 3 is not less than 350 mm.
The working process of the universal special-shaped rail forging die in the embodiment is as follows:
when the special-shaped rail is forged, the lower die of the die is fixedly arranged on a platform of a press machine, the upper die is arranged on a stroke hydraulic cylinder of the press machine, a manipulator grasps a heated standard rail, one end of the heated standard rail is placed into a die cavity and is positioned above a forming area, a raw material area and a transition area on one side, the press machine descends, the upper die and the lower die are closed and forged, and the forging of the left side (right side) of a working edge towards the heel end of the special-shaped rail can be completed.
When forging is required to be carried out, wherein the right side (left side) of the working side faces the heel end of the profiled rail, the die is horizontally rotated by 180 degrees in situ, and the operations are repeated.
According to the technical scheme, on the premise that the overall size, the forging method and the equipment capacity of the conventional rail piece die are not changed, one die and two pressing modes are realized through in-situ horizontal rotation of 180 degrees, namely, the forging requirements of two special-shaped rails with opposite working edges in opposite directions are met by using one die, the equipment fund is saved, and the production cost is reduced.
The above description is only a few examples of the present application and does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present application. Any improvement or equivalent replacement directly or indirectly applicable to other related technical fields within the spirit and principle of the present application by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a general type dysmorphism rail forges mould, its characterized in that, the mould die cavity is logical groove structure and sets gradually first log district, first transition district, shaping district, second transition district and second log district along track length direction, the mould die cavity is located the part in first log district and second log district, and the shape and size is based on the overall dimension design of standard rail, is located the part in shaping district, and the shape and size is based on the overall dimension design of groove rail, is located the part in first transition district and second transition district, and the shape and size design is designed to be passed through gradually to the groove rail by standard rail, the mould die cavity is about the central axis symmetric distribution in shaping district.
2. The universal profiled rail forging die of claim 1, wherein the die cavities include a rail head cavity, a rail web cavity and a rail foot cavity arranged in a width direction of the rail;
for the rail head die cavity, the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the first raw material area and the second raw material area, of the rail head die cavity are matched with the external dimension of a standard rail head, and the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the forming section, of the rail head die cavity are matched with the external dimension of the external part of the rail head of the groove-type rail except the rail lip;
for the rail web die cavity, the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the first raw material area and the second raw material area, of the rail web die cavity are matched with the external dimension of the standard rail web, and the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the forming section, of the rail web die cavity are matched with the external dimension of the groove-type rail web;
and for the rail bottom mold cavity, the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the first raw material area and the second raw material area, of the rail bottom mold cavity are matched with the external dimension of the standard rail bottom, and the shape and the size of the parts, positioned in the molding section, of the rail bottom mold cavity are between the groove-type rail bottom and the standard rail bottom.
3. The universal profiled rail forging die of claim 2 wherein the first log section and the second log section are each no less than 90mm in length.
4. The universal profiled rail forging die of claim 2, wherein the first transition zone and the second transition zone each have a length of 100-250 mm.
5. The universal profiled rail forging die as claimed in claim 2, wherein the length of the forming zone is not less than 350 mm.
6. Use of the universal profiled rail forging die according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the production process of profiled rails.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that the profiled rail is produced as follows: one end of the standard rail is heated and softened and then placed in a mold cavity, the mold is closed, the molding forging of the special-shaped rail is completed, and when the special-shaped rail with opposite working edge orientation needs to be forged, the operation is repeated after the mold is horizontally turned for 180 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111216935.XA CN113953433A (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Universal special-shaped rail forging die and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111216935.XA CN113953433A (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Universal special-shaped rail forging die and application thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113953433A true CN113953433A (en) | 2022-01-21 |
Family
ID=79464480
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111216935.XA Pending CN113953433A (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Universal special-shaped rail forging die and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113953433A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050167518A1 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2005-08-04 | Vae Eisenbahnsysteme Gmbh | Profile transition rail and method for producing said rail |
| CN101912945A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2010-12-15 | 中铁轨道系统集团有限公司道岔分公司 | Method for forging and pressing heel of AT steel rail |
| CN203817264U (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-09-10 | 中铁宝桥（南京）有限公司 | Modified novel steel rail heeling skewing forging die |
| CN104259376A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2015-01-07 | 中铁宝桥（南京）有限公司 | Paired hot forging forming technological method of AT steel rail heel end compression segment |
| CN104550593A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | Forging and pressing method of steel rail heel and three-position molding die used thereby |
| CN109047634A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-21 | 芜湖中铁科吉富轨道有限公司 | A kind of forge die and Forging Technology of the compromise joint of groove profile rail |
| CN112191794A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-08 | 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 | Hot forging forming method for steel rail heel end lengthened switch rail |
-
2021
- 2021-10-19 CN CN202111216935.XA patent/CN113953433A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050167518A1 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2005-08-04 | Vae Eisenbahnsysteme Gmbh | Profile transition rail and method for producing said rail |
| CN101912945A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2010-12-15 | 中铁轨道系统集团有限公司道岔分公司 | Method for forging and pressing heel of AT steel rail |
| CN203817264U (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-09-10 | 中铁宝桥（南京）有限公司 | Modified novel steel rail heeling skewing forging die |
| CN104259376A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2015-01-07 | 中铁宝桥（南京）有限公司 | Paired hot forging forming technological method of AT steel rail heel end compression segment |
| CN104550593A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | Forging and pressing method of steel rail heel and three-position molding die used thereby |
| CN109047634A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-21 | 芜湖中铁科吉富轨道有限公司 | A kind of forge die and Forging Technology of the compromise joint of groove profile rail |
| CN112191794A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-08 | 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 | Hot forging forming method for steel rail heel end lengthened switch rail |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105436350A (en) | Forming method for banjo axle housing | |
| CN202539362U (en) | Small-angle conical part molding die | |
| CN111112467B (en) | Non-drift-diameter rib pressing plate forming die and rib pressing curved plate machining method | |
| CN219851921U (en) | Spherical trailer hook forging and pressing forming device convenient to material loading | |
| CN101961765B (en) | Manufacturing process and equipment for upset forging of flanges | |
| CN204711073U (en) | A kind of Preform Die of spindle | |
| CN107020326A (en) | A kind of continuous die mould of part | |
| CN113953433A (en) | Universal special-shaped rail forging die and application thereof | |
| CN202185551U (en) | Finish forging stock die for producing track spikes | |
| CN107433312B (en) | High-pressure common rail pipe blank making mold and blank making method | |
| CN2923293Y (en) | Formation mould for pressing magnetic material powder | |
| CN102166611A (en) | Long bar continuously upsetting device and method for railway wagon brake pull rod | |
| CN206632201U (en) | A kind of counter sink press forming die | |
| CN205967272U (en) | Semi -axis blank hydraulic press system of forging | |
| CN202045311U (en) | Continuous heading device for long bar stock of brake pull bar of railway freight car | |
| CN206912159U (en) | A kind of Mine Link Ring fetal membrane forging mould for not cutting off forging flow lines | |
| CN107225150A (en) | The new processing method and mould of a kind of variable cross-section track connecting plate | |
| CN212042496U (en) | Novel six-cylinder crankshaft rolling die | |
| CN107214283A (en) | The H profile steel manufacture mould of nuclear fusion stack magnet support | |
| CN211708012U (en) | Combined accessory for reaming large-inner-diameter hollow flange shaft forgings | |
| CN103551806A (en) | Method for cold-press molding and machining of rims and tire bead seats of vehicle wheels | |
| CN102284672A (en) | Production process method for rail spike | |
| CN106881410A (en) | A kind of Hardware fitting stamping mold | |
| CN208390807U (en) | A kind of runner envelope barrel pressure forming die of spherical curve rotary structure pattern | |
| CN2380339Y (en) | Mould for mfg. of diamond thin-wall drill-bit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |