CN113953388B - Punch forming die and punching method for reducing cold punching resilience - Google Patents
Punch forming die and punching method for reducing cold punching resilience Download PDFInfo
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- CN113953388B CN113953388B CN202111215019.4A CN202111215019A CN113953388B CN 113953388 B CN113953388 B CN 113953388B CN 202111215019 A CN202111215019 A CN 202111215019A CN 113953388 B CN113953388 B CN 113953388B
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- die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
Abstract
The invention discloses a punch forming die and a punching method for reducing cold punching resilience, and belongs to the technical field of punch forming, wherein the punch forming die comprises a male die and a female die, a heating temperature measuring component and a cooling water channel I arranged around the heating temperature measuring component are arranged in a corner region of the male die, and a cooling water channel II is arranged in a corner region of the female die.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of punch forming, in particular to a punch forming die and a punching method for reducing cold punch resilience.
Background
The metal sheet part accounts for 70% of the weight of the automobile body, and the plastic stamping forming of the metal sheet is a common processing method for parts such as automobile covering parts, structural parts and the like. But the parts have different rebound phenomena after stamping and demoulding, and the dimensional accuracy after forming is seriously influenced. Particularly, in recent years, in order to improve the safety of automobiles and realize light weight of automobiles, high-strength steel and ultrahigh-strength steel are more and more widely applied to automobile bodies, but the cold stamping process has more serious rebound phenomenon, so that the subsequent assembly of the automobile bodies is difficult, even the automobile bodies cannot be normally installed, and the actual production and application of the high-strength steel and the ultrahigh-strength steel are severely restricted.
In order to reduce the resilience, a hot stamping forming technology is generally adopted to heat the plate, so that the resilience is reduced, and the stamping forming precision is improved. However, the hot stamping heating and holding time is long, the production tact is slow, and the oxidation of parts is severe. Therefore, an idea of external local heating has been proposed, in which punching is performed again after local heating treatment with a laser or flame, in order to reduce the spring back. However, this method cannot perform synchronous processing during the forming process, which reduces the production efficiency. And the plate after the local treatment can generate non-directional flow, and the position of the local treatment area is difficult to control in the forming process, so that the rebound is difficult to reduce.
Compared with hot stamping, cold stamping has the advantages of fast production rhythm, energy conservation, environmental protection and low production cost, is the most widely applied stamping technology in the current host factory, but the application of materials such as high-strength steel is severely restricted by the cold stamping rebound phenomenon.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a punch forming die capable of reducing the springback under the cold stamping condition and a stamping method capable of reducing the springback of the cold stamping, which have the advantages of high efficiency and low cost and can effectively improve the springback phenomenon of the cold stamping.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the punch forming die comprises a male die and a female die, wherein a heating temperature measuring assembly and a cooling water channel I surrounding the heating temperature measuring assembly are arranged in the corner area of the male die, and a cooling water channel II is arranged in the corner area of the female die.
And the corner regions of the male dies are provided with mounting grooves, and heating and temperature measuring components matched with the mounting grooves are detachably connected in the mounting grooves.
The corner area of the male die comprises an outer convex area and an inner concave area which are formed along the width direction of the male die, and the mounting groove comprises a strip-shaped groove I formed by cutting along the outer convex area and a strip-shaped groove II formed by cutting along the inner concave area.
The section of the strip-shaped groove I is provided with an outward convex fan-shaped groove with an opening at the outer side, and a heating temperature measuring component with an outward convex fan-shaped section matched with the groove I is clamped in the strip-shaped groove I; the section of the strip-shaped groove II is an inwards concave fan-shaped groove with an opening at the outer side, and a heating temperature measuring assembly with the section being inwards concave fan-shaped and matched with the strip-shaped groove II is connected in the strip-shaped groove II in a clamping mode.
Heating temperature measurement subassembly includes the holder, the holder joint is positioned in the mounting groove, the inside cover of holder installs magnetic induction coil, a plurality of temperature sensor are installed at its length direction interval in the outside of holder.
The retainer comprises an inner plate and an outer plate which are connected in a clamping manner, and the inner plate and the outer plate are butted to form an installation cavity matched with the magnetic induction coil; the planking is the plate that is close to the stamping workpiece, install a plurality of temperature sensor along its length direction interval on the planking.
The magnetic induction coil is formed by winding high-frequency magnetic induction lines in a straight, bent or grid shape along the length direction of the retainer.
The cooling water channel I penetrates through the width direction of the male die and comprises one or more channels I uniformly distributed around the mounting groove; the cooling water channel II penetrates through the width direction of the concave film and comprises one or more channels II arranged along the corner area of the concave die; the cross section shapes of the channel I and the channel II are circular or arc-shaped.
The stamping method for reducing the cold stamping rebound comprises the following steps:
step 1: installing a die in a punching machine, and feeding a plate into the punching machine;
step 2: the punching machine drives the die to punch and form the plate;
and step 3: heating the bent part of the plate, and simultaneously cooling the die;
and 4, step 4: and after keeping the temperature and the pressure for a certain time, stopping heating the plate, and quickly cooling the die.
Electrifying the magnetic induction coil, enabling the heating temperature of the plate to be not more than the austenitizing temperature, simultaneously introducing circulating cooling water into the cooling water channel I and the cooling water channel II to cool the die, and ensuring the heating temperature of the plate to be 400-austenitizing temperature; and the specific method in the step 4 is that the temperature and the pressure are kept for 5-20 s, the magnetic induction coil is powered off, circulating cooling water with larger flow is introduced into the cooling water channel I and the cooling water channel II, and the temperature of the die is rapidly reduced.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the local hot stamping technology is realized on the basis of the traditional cold stamping technology, the defect of cold stamping springback can be effectively reduced while the production takt is ensured, the plastic forming can still belong to cold stamping essentially, and the designed punch forming die is suitable for stamping and has feasibility aiming at the processes of bending of plates, bending of pipes and the like.
2. Compared with the traditional cold stamping technology, the invention can realize the heat treatment process of the part while reducing the overall resilience by carrying out local heat treatment on the plate, and synchronously improves the strength and the rigidity of the formed part.
3. Compared with a hot stamping technology, the invention can realize a heat treatment process without replacing high-temperature die steel, effectively reduces the die and production cost, has no oxidation phenomenon in the sheet material transfer process, and effectively improves the surface quality of parts.
4. The heating temperature measuring assembly is subjected to modular processing, so that later maintenance is facilitated.
In conclusion, the invention realizes the local hot stamping technology on the basis of the traditional cold stamping technology, can effectively reduce the springback defect of cold stamping while ensuring the production takt, and improves the strength, the rigidity and the surface quality of formed parts.
Drawings
The contents of the expressions in the various figures of the present specification and the labels in the figures are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a press forming die according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the male of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting of the punch forming die on the punch press;
the labels in the above figures are: 1. the cooling water channel I and the cooling water channel II are arranged in the cavity, the convex area I and the convex area 12 are arranged in the convex area 13, the concave area 14 is arranged in the strip grooves I and 15, the strip groove II and the concave area 2 are arranged in the concave area 21, the cooling water channel II and the cooling water channel II are arranged in the concave area 3, the heating temperature measuring component 31 is arranged in the concave area 311, the inner plate 312 is arranged in the outer plate 313, the mounting cavity 32 is arranged in the magnetic induction coil 33, the temperature sensor 4 is arranged in the punching machine 5, and the plate material is arranged in the concave area 5.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The specific implementation scheme of the invention is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the punch forming die comprises a male die 1 and a female die 2, wherein a heating temperature measuring component 3 and a cooling water channel I11 arranged around the heating temperature measuring component 3 are arranged in a corner region of the male die 1, and a cooling water channel II 21 is arranged in a corner region of the female die 2. According to the invention, the structure of the cold stamping forming die is improved, the heating temperature measuring assembly 3 is arranged in the corner area of the male die 1, the bent part of the stamping part can be heated to reduce the stress difference between the inner side and the outer side of the bent part, the cooling water channels are also arranged at the corner positions of the male die 1 and the female die 2, the bent part of the stamping part can be uniformly cooled in the heating process, the bent part of the stamping part is cooled and shaped after stress is removed in the stamping process, the springback is effectively reduced, the synchronous processing of stamping forming and springback reduction is realized, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Specifically, all be provided with the mounting groove on the corner district of terrace die 1 wherein, can dismantle in the mounting groove and be connected with assorted heating temperature measurement component 3 with it, conveniently dismantle and install the maintenance of being convenient for heating temperature measurement component 3.
Specifically, the corner region of terrace die 1 wherein includes evagination region 12 and the indent region 13 that forms along the width direction of terrace die 1, the mounting groove includes bar groove I14 and bar groove II 15 along the cutting formation of indent region 13 that the cutting formation of evagination region 12 cutting formed, the cross-section of bar groove I14 sets up to the evagination sector groove of outside open-ended, it is the fan-shaped heating temperature measurement component 3 of evagination to have the assorted cross-section in bar groove I14 joint, the cross-section of bar groove II 15 sets up to the fan-shaped groove of outside open-ended indent, the joint has the fan-shaped heating temperature measurement component 3 of indent with its assorted cross-section in bar groove II 15, form smooth transition surface after making heating temperature measurement component 3 and the bar groove joint of correspondence, the surface punching press quality of stamping workpiece has been guaranteed when carrying out local heat treatment to the stamping workpiece.
Specifically, wherein, heating temperature measurement subassembly 3 includes holder 31, holder 31 joint location is in the mounting groove, and fix a position through the bolt installation, holder 31 inside covers installs magnetic induction coil 32, can carry out heat treatment to plate bending part through energizing to magnetic induction coil 32, the intensity and the rigidity of the part of shaping have been improved when reducing the resilience, a plurality of temperature sensor 33 are installed along its length direction interval in the outside of holder 31, the temperature of plate bending part thermal treatment in the punching press process can be detected in real time to a plurality of temperature sensor 33, the temperature of plate bending part thermal treatment makes plate bending part thermal treatment in the scope of setting for through the electric current of PLC control magnetic induction coil 32, can the effective control resilience force, and PLC still can be according to the temperature control of plate bending part thermal treatment to the flow of the pipeline that cooling water said I11 and cooling water course II 21 let in, carry out effective cooling to the mould.
The retainer 31 comprises an inner plate 311 and an outer plate 312 which are connected in a clamping mode, the inner plate 311 and the outer plate 312 are in butt joint to form an installation cavity 313 matched with the magnetic induction coil 32, the outer plate 312 is a plate close to a stamping part, and a plurality of temperature sensors 33 are installed on the outer plate 312 at intervals along the length direction of the outer plate 312. The magnetic induction coil 32 is formed by high-frequency magnetic induction lines in a straight, bent or grid surrounding manner along the length direction of the retainer 31, covers the corner area of the male die 1, can uniformly heat the bent part of the stamping part, and ensures the stability of the surface quality of the stamping part.
Specifically, the cooling water channel I11 penetrates through the width direction of the male die 1 and comprises one or more channels I uniformly distributed around the installation groove; the cooling water channel II 21 penetrates through the width direction of the concave film and comprises one or more channels II arranged along the corner area of the concave die 2; the cross-sectional shapes of the channel I and the channel II are circular or arc-shaped, the channels I or the channels II are encircled into the arc shape, the male die 1 can be uniformly cooled, and the stability of the surface quality of the stamping part is further guaranteed.
The stamping method for reducing cold stamping resilience by using the stamping forming die comprises the following steps:
step 1: the die is mounted in a punch 4 and the sheet 5 is fed into the punch 4.
Step 2: the punching machine 4 drives the die to punch and form the plate 5.
And step 3: and heating the bending part of the plate 5 and simultaneously cooling the die. And electrifying the magnetic induction coil 32, heating the plate 5 to be not higher than the austenitizing temperature, avoiding that the performance of the part cannot meet the requirement after the austenite structure is converted into martensite or bainite after being cooled, and simultaneously introducing circulating cooling water into the cooling water channel I11 and the cooling water channel II 21 to cool the die, thereby ensuring that the heating temperature of the plate 5 is between 400 and the austenitizing temperature.
And 4, step 4: and after the temperature and pressure are kept for 5-20 s, the magnetic induction coil 32 is powered off, the heating of the plate 5 is stopped, circulating cooling water with larger flow is introduced into the cooling water channel I11 and the cooling water channel II 21, and the temperature of the die is rapidly reduced.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a DP980 high strength steel plate is selected, the tensile strength is about 980MPa, the thickness is 1.2mm, and taking a U-shaped part as an example, the stamping method is performed according to the following steps:
step 1: the male die 1 and the female die 2 are assembled and then installed in a punching machine 4, and a high-strength steel DP980 sheet material 5 with the thickness of 1.2mm is fed into the punching machine 4, so that the sheet material 5 is located between the male die 1 and the female die 2.
Step 2: and the punching machine 4 drives the female die 2 in the die to move downwards, so that the sheet 5 enters a cold stamping forming stage until the female die 2 and the male die 1 are completely matched, and the sheet 5 is punched and formed.
And step 3: and electrifying the magnetic induction coil 32, heating the plate 5 to about 500 ℃, and simultaneously introducing circulating cooling water into the cooling water channel I11 and the cooling water channel II 21 to cool the die so as to ensure that the heating temperature of the plate 5 is 450-500 ℃.
And 4, step 4: and after the temperature and pressure are kept for 15-20 s, the magnetic induction coil 32 is powered off, the heating of the plate 5 is stopped, the flow of the circulating cooling water in the cooling water channel I11 and the cooling water channel II 21 is increased, and the temperature of the die is rapidly reduced.
The forming die is used for stamping the DP980 steel plate, the time of the whole stamping process is consistent with the conventional time of the existing cold stamping, and the resilience of the plastic formed part obtained after the stamping is finished meets the requirement of the size precision (+/-1 mm) of the part in a main engine plant.
Comparative example
The stamping part selected in the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1, the adopted forming dies are a conventional male die 1 and a conventional female die 2, and the forming dies do not contain a heating temperature measuring component 3 and a cooling water channel. The same method as in step 1 and step 2 of example 1 was used to press-form the press part. The time of the whole cold stamping process is 5-20 s, and the rebound quantity of the plastic formed part obtained after stamping is about 2mm of the part size precision of a host factory.
Therefore, the invention can effectively reduce the cold stamping springback defect while ensuring the production takt by realizing the local hot stamping technology on the traditional cold stamping technology; compared with the traditional cold stamping technology, the invention can realize the heat treatment process of parts while reducing the overall resilience by carrying out local heat treatment on the plate material, and synchronously improve the strength and rigidity of the formed parts; compared with a hot stamping technology, the invention can realize a heat treatment process without replacing high-temperature die steel, effectively reduces the die and production cost, has no oxidation phenomenon in the sheet material transfer process, and effectively improves the surface quality of parts.
In conclusion, the invention realizes the local hot stamping technology on the basis of the traditional cold stamping technology, can effectively reduce the springback defect of cold stamping while ensuring the production takt, and improves the strength, the rigidity and the surface quality of formed parts.
Claims (6)
1. A stamping method for reducing cold stamping springback is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: installing a die in a punching machine, and feeding a plate into the punching machine;
step 2: the punching machine drives the die to punch and form the plate;
and step 3: heating the bent part of the plate, and simultaneously cooling the die;
and 4, step 4: after keeping the temperature and the pressure for a certain time, stopping heating the plate, and quickly cooling the die;
the die comprises a male die and a female die, a heating temperature measuring assembly and a cooling water channel I surrounding the heating temperature measuring assembly are arranged in the corner area of the male die, and a cooling water channel II is arranged in the corner area of the female die;
mounting grooves are formed in corner areas of the male dies, and heating and temperature measuring components matched with the mounting grooves are detachably connected in the mounting grooves; the heating temperature measuring assembly comprises a retainer, the retainer is clamped and positioned in the mounting groove, a magnetic induction coil is covered and mounted in the retainer, and a plurality of temperature sensors are mounted on the outer side of the retainer at intervals along the length direction of the retainer;
electrifying the magnetic induction coil, enabling the heating temperature of the plate to be not more than the austenitizing temperature, and simultaneously introducing circulating cooling water into the cooling water channel I and the cooling water channel II to cool the die, so as to ensure that the heating temperature of the plate is 400-the austenitizing temperature; and 4, keeping the temperature and pressure for 5 to 20s, powering off the magnetic induction coil, introducing circulating cooling water with larger flow into the cooling water channel I and the cooling water channel II, and quickly cooling the die.
2. A stamping method to reduce cold stamping springback as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the corner area of the male die comprises an outer convex area and an inner concave area which are formed along the width direction of the male die, and the mounting groove comprises a strip-shaped groove I formed by cutting along the outer convex area and a strip-shaped groove II formed by cutting along the inner concave area.
3. A stamping method for reducing cold stamping springback as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the section of the strip-shaped groove I is provided with an outward convex fan-shaped groove with an opening at the outer side, and a heating temperature measuring component with an outward convex fan-shaped section matched with the groove I is clamped in the strip-shaped groove I; the section of the bar-shaped groove II is an inward-concave fan-shaped groove with an opening at the outer side, and a heating temperature measuring component which is matched with the bar-shaped groove II and has an inward-concave fan-shaped section is connected in the bar-shaped groove II in a clamping manner.
4. A stamping method to reduce cold stamping springback as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the retainer comprises an inner plate and an outer plate which are connected in a clamping manner, and the inner plate and the outer plate are butted to form an installation cavity matched with the magnetic induction coil; the planking is the plate that is close to the stamping workpiece, install a plurality of temperature sensor along its length direction interval on the planking.
5. A stamping method for reducing cold stamping springback as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the magnetic induction coil is formed by winding high-frequency magnetic induction lines in a straight, bent or grid shape along the length direction of the retainer.
6. A stamping method for reducing cold stamping springback as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cooling water channel I penetrates through the width direction of the male die and comprises one or more channels I uniformly distributed around the mounting groove; the cooling water channel II penetrates through the width direction of the female die and comprises one or more channels II arranged along the corner area of the female die; the cross section shapes of the channel I and the channel II are circular or arc-shaped.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111215019.4A CN113953388B (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Punch forming die and punching method for reducing cold punching resilience |
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| CN202111215019.4A CN113953388B (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Punch forming die and punching method for reducing cold punching resilience |
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| CN113953388B true CN113953388B (en) | 2022-12-16 |
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| CN114505389B (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2023-12-22 | 北京理工大学重庆创新中心 | High-strength steel hot stamping forming optimization method utilizing mechanism to compensate ambient temperature |
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| JPH08155558A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1996-06-18 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Press forming method for aluminum or aluminum alloy stock and device therefor |
| CN101439382A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2009-05-27 | 山东大学 | Thermal punch forming technique and forming mold for super-strength steel |
| CN111069331A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-28 | 南京工程学院 | Device and method for controlling shape gradient of ultrahigh-strength steel |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6550302B1 (en) * | 1999-07-27 | 2003-04-22 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Sheet metal stamping die design for warm forming |
| DE102011055643A1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-23 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Method and forming tool for hot forming and press hardening of workpieces made of sheet steel, in particular galvanized workpieces made of sheet steel |
| KR101383393B1 (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-04-10 | 현대하이스코 주식회사 | Partial hot stamping device and hot stamping method using the same |
| CN103394557B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-05-20 | 上海交通大学 | U-shaped bent piece die device for Q&P one-step hot stamping forming |
| CN106282860B (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-12-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Gradient mechanical property car body of aluminum alloy part forming device and method |
| CN110293148B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-09-29 | 上海正玺新材料科技有限公司 | Magnesium alloy plate stamping and forging composite forming method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08155558A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1996-06-18 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Press forming method for aluminum or aluminum alloy stock and device therefor |
| CN101439382A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2009-05-27 | 山东大学 | Thermal punch forming technique and forming mold for super-strength steel |
| CN111069331A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-28 | 南京工程学院 | Device and method for controlling shape gradient of ultrahigh-strength steel |
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