CN113953169A - Electrophoresis chromatography method for aluminum alloy wheel hub - Google Patents
Electrophoresis chromatography method for aluminum alloy wheel hub Download PDFInfo
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- CN113953169A CN113953169A CN202111259134.1A CN202111259134A CN113953169A CN 113953169 A CN113953169 A CN 113953169A CN 202111259134 A CN202111259134 A CN 202111259134A CN 113953169 A CN113953169 A CN 113953169A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
- B05D1/06—Applying particulate materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
- B05D1/38—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment with intermediate treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/002—Pretreatement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/007—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
- B05D5/065—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects having colour interferences or colour shifts or opalescent looking, flip-flop, two tones
- B05D5/066—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects having colour interferences or colour shifts or opalescent looking, flip-flop, two tones achieved by multilayers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
- B05D7/16—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies using synthetic lacquers or varnishes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
- B05D7/574—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat at least some layers being let to dry at least partially before applying the next layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
- B05D7/576—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/12—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process characterised by the article coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/38—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
- B05D2202/20—Metallic substrate based on light metals
- B05D2202/25—Metallic substrate based on light metals based on Al
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrophoresis chromatography method for an aluminum alloy hub, which sequentially comprises the following steps: blank processing, pretreatment, bottom powder spraying and curing, color paint spraying and curing, finishing carving and corner processing, copper electroplating, nickel electroplating, electrophoresis and curing, surface processing, transparent powder spraying and curing. The invention combines the processes of coating, engraving, electronickelling and electrophoresis, enriches the shape and color diversity of the hub, avoids the low efficiency of the shielding method, and simultaneously ensures that the appearance of the aluminum alloy hub is more attractive due to the high glossiness of electronickelling, and the whole hub is more personalized and observable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment of vehicle aluminum alloy hubs, in particular to an electrophoretic chromatography treatment method for an aluminum alloy hub.
Background
With the increase of aluminum alloy hub manufacturers, the hub in the market has the phenomenon of excess capacity, and the competitive pressure is increased; meanwhile, the appearance requirements of part of host factories and retail customers on the shape, color and the like of the hub gradually tend to be more personalized and differentiated, so that the appearance quality and process treatment requirements of the hub are gradually improved year by year.
At present, methods such as shielding, edge scratching and electrophoresis are mainly adopted for the color register means of the aluminum alloy wheel hub with a complex shape, but common coating and electrophoresis methods have the defects that the color is realized based on paint or pigment, the appearance and the surface quality of the wheel hub are not strong enough, and the glossiness cannot meet part of customer groups with high requirements on color diversity and glossiness. Therefore, improvement and innovation of the process are needed to solve the problem, and a stronger and more diversified aluminum alloy hub electrophoretic color registering process is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aluminum alloy hub electrophoresis color registering method which can improve the color and the shape diversity of a hub and can also improve the glossiness and the firmness of the appearance of the hub, aiming at solving the problems that the appearance and the surface layer quality of the aluminum alloy hub after treatment are not strong enough, and the glossiness cannot meet the requirements of part of customer groups with high color diversity and glossiness requirements in the existing aluminum alloy hub color registering treatment process.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme for solving the technical problems: an electrophoresis chromatography method for an aluminum alloy hub is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following process steps
A1. Performing blank processing on the aluminum alloy hub;
A2. carrying out pretreatment steps before spraying base powder and curing on the aluminum alloy hub;
A3. spraying base powder and curing the aluminum alloy hub;
A4. spraying color paint and curing the aluminum alloy hub;
A5. carrying out finishing carving and corner processing on the aluminum alloy hub;
A6. carrying out copper plating treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A7. carrying out nickel plating treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A8. carrying out electrophoresis and curing treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A9. carrying out surface treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A10. and spraying transparent powder and curing the aluminum alloy hub.
Not only can improve the color and the modeling diversity of the hub, but also can improve the glossiness and the firmness of the appearance of the hub. The coating, the engraving, the nickel electroplating and the electrophoresis process are innovatively combined and fused, the modeling of the aluminum alloy hub and the color diversity of the aluminum alloy hub are enriched, the low efficiency of the conventional shielding method is avoided, the high glossiness of the nickel electroplating enables the appearance of the aluminum alloy hub to be more qualitative and competitive in the market, and the whole hub is more personalized and observable.
Preferably, in the step A2, the pretreatment comprises degreasing, washing, acid washing, pure washing, chromium-free passivation, pure washing, SAM sealing, pure washing, water blowing and drying; wherein the degreasing temperature is controlled at 50-60 deg.C, and the concentration is controlled at 5.5-6.5 pt; the concentration of acid washing is 4.5-5.5 pt; the passivated conductivity is 160-; the SAM-closed electric conductivity is 160-170 mu s/cm, and the temperature is 55-65 ℃; the drying temperature is 130-. The degreasing agent contains active agents such as ethoxy propoxylated C12-14-alcohol and the like, the degreasing effect is favorably improved at a proper temperature, but the temperature is not more than 60 ℃, the energy loss is increased, the action effect of the surfactant is reduced, acidic compounds such as sulfuric acid and the like are contained in the pickling agent, the pH of the pickling tank liquor is about 3.5 and is acidic, and the lower pickling concentration is not favorable for removing oxide skins on the surface of a workpiece; the higher concentration can cause the surface of aluminum to be excessively etched, the flatness of a product is influenced, film-forming substances such as fluorozirconic acid and fluorotitanic acid are contained in a passivation medicament, the proper conductivity is favorable for ensuring the thickness of a formed film and reducing the use cost of the medicament, but when the conductivity is too high and the formed film is too thick, the passivation film can generate film brittleness and influence the corrosion resistance of a subsequent product, compounds such as fluorozirconic acid and the like and free organic micromolecules such as acrylic acid and the like are contained in a sealing agent, the filling of pores after the passivation film-forming is favorable, the film-forming is carried out again for covering to form an intermediate film, the adhesion between a subsequent bottom powder spraying coating and a hub aluminum alloy substrate is further improved, and the effectiveness of pretreatment before the bottom powder spraying and curing of the aluminum alloy hub can be improved through the process of the step A2.
Preferably, in the step A3, the electrostatic spraying method is adopted for the bottom powder spraying and curing treatment, wherein the electrostatic voltage is controlled to be 55-65KV, the powder film thickness on the appearance surface is 120-140 μm, the positions such as the inner and outer rims, the back surfaces of the spokes and the like are 60-100 μm, the curing temperature is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-25 min. Proper voltage is favorable for improving the powder feeding rate of the base powder, but the higher electron of the powder belt can be more, the appearance of the product is easy to generate the bad electrostatic specks, when the jig is poor in electric conduction, the dangerous conditions such as electric sparks are easy to generate, the proper film thickness is favorable for ensuring the improvement of the integral appearance flatness of the product, meanwhile, the situation that the spraying position of the base powder is not conductive in the subsequent electroplating process is ensured, the proper temperature is favorable for cross-linking curing of epoxy resin and the like in the base powder, the anti-corrosion performance of the product is favorable for improving, and the reliable effectiveness of the base powder spraying and curing treatment of the aluminum alloy hub can be improved through the process of the step A3.
Preferably, in the step a4, the spraying manner of combining a rotating cup and an electrostatic spray gun is adopted for the spraying and curing treatment, wherein the electrostatic voltage of the rotating cup is 50-65KV, the rotating speed is 35000-45000r/min, and the discharge amount: by rim 80-100cc/min, by central hole 40-60cc/min, fan-shaped and atomizing pressure 2.0-2.5 bar; the electrostatic voltage of the electrostatic spray gun is 40-55KV, the discharge amount is 70-90cc/min, and the fan-shaped and atomization pressure is 1.5-2.0 bar; the curing temperature is 140 ℃ and 150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-25 min. Proper voltage is favorable for improving the utilization rate of the colored paint, the colored paint is easily electrified due to higher voltage, the leveling effect of the surface of the product is reduced, the atomization pressure is insufficient, namely the paint is not atomized, the appearance phenomena of paint accumulation or blackening and the like can be generated on the surface of the product, and the stable, reliable and effective effects of spraying the colored paint on the aluminum alloy hub and curing treatment can be improved through the process of the step A4.
Preferably, in the step a5, the finishing carving and the corner processing adopt corresponding cutters selected according to different shapes; the whole fine carving process is carried out in two rounds, wherein the first round of fine carving is carried out at 10000-; the second round of finishing impression rotational speed 14000-. The promotion of second round rotational speed feeds and slows down, is favorable to the product surface more smooth, promotes luminance, reduces the burr and produces, because the back is gone up acid copper plating in-process, and local burr produces most advanced current density easily big, and copper facing speed is on the high side, can produce the outward appearance of edge bad, through the technology of A5 step, can improve and handle reliable stable nimble validity to aluminum alloy wheel hub finishing impression and corner.
Preferably, in the step A6, the copper plating treatment comprises oil removal, weak corrosion, descaling, zinc precipitation, alkali copper, nickel preplating, acid copper plating and hot water washing; wherein hot water with the temperature of 70-80 ℃ is adopted for oil removal, and the time is 2-6 min; soaking the weak corrosion agent in 35-45 deg.C bath solution for 20-40 s; cleaning the descaling powder in a tank liquor at 15-35 ℃ for 30-60 s; the temperature of zinc deposition is 15-35 ℃, and the time is 60-90 s; the temperature of the alkali copper process is 50-60 ℃, the voltage is 3.5-4.5V, the PH is 9.2-10.5, and the time duration is 15-30 min; the nickel preplating temperature is 55-60 ℃, the voltage is 8-10V, the PH is 3.5-4.1, and the time is 8-25 min; the temperature of the acid copper plating is 15-30 ℃, the voltage is 3.5-5V, and the time duration is 90-150 min; the hot water washing temperature is 70-80 ℃, and the time is 15-60 s. The hot water is used for removing oil stains after the product is subjected to fine engraving, the weak corrosive agent is used for removing oxide skin on the surface of the product and activating the surface, the descaling powder is used for removing surface aluminum ash and other impurities generated in the front process, the zinc deposition is favorable for improving the flatness of the surface of the base body and is used as a transition layer which is favorable for improving the adhesive force between the base body and the rear process, the pre-plated nickel is used as a transition layer which is favorable for improving the bonding force between acid copper and the base body, the thickness of the acid copper is 50-80 microns, and the reliable, stable, flexible and effective copper plating treatment on the aluminum alloy hub can be improved through the process of the step A6.
Preferably, in the step A7, the nickel plating treatment comprises degreasing, activation, semi-bright nickel, bright nickel and hot water washing; wherein the oil removal is carried out in an electrolytic mode at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ for 10-15 s; activating by adding sulfuric acid at normal temperature for 30-60 s; the temperature of the semi-bright nickel is 55-65 ℃, the voltage is 6-8V, and the PH is 3.8-4.1; the time duration is 10-30 min; the bright nickel temperature is 55-65 deg.C, voltage is 9.5-10.5V, pH is 4.1-4.4, and duration is 35-55 min. The sulfuric acid is added for activation, so that the surface oxide skin is removed, the adhesive force between the next nickel plating layer and the previous copper plating layer is improved, the sulfur content of the semi-bright nickel layer is higher than that of the bright nickel layer, the corrosion resistance of the product is facilitated, and the reliable, stable, flexible and effective nickel plating treatment of the aluminum alloy hub can be improved through the process of the step A7.
Preferably, in the step A8, the electrophoresis and curing treatment includes protection, pure water washing 1, electrophoresis, pure water washing 2, water blowing wiping and curing; the positions of PCD holes, mounting plates and the like are protected by using props such as a plugging tool, insulating paper and the like; the pure water washing 1 and the pure water washing 2 adopt a mode of soaking in a tank and spraying water out, the soaking is accompanied with swinging, the time in the tank is 15s, and the spraying time is 30 s; the temperature of electrophoresis is 28-32 ℃, the voltage is 130-; after water is blown, the parts which do not need electrophoresis are wiped in time; the curing temperature is 155-165 ℃, and the curing time is 25-35 min. Under the spraying pressure of 0.1-0.15MPa, bubbles and attachments adhered to the surface are cleaned and removed, the removal effect of stains on the surface of a product is improved, the surface smoothness is improved, an electrophoretic paint film of 15-20 mu m is formed through electrophoresis, the light loss of the electrophoretic paint film to a bottom nickel-plated layer is reduced, and the reliable, stable and flexible effectiveness of the color register treatment of the aluminum alloy hub can be improved through the process of the step A8.
Preferably, in the step A9, the surface treatment comprises oil removal, water washing, water blowing and drying; wherein the oil removing temperature is 50-60 ℃, the drying temperature is 100-. The reliability, stability, flexibility and effectiveness of the surface treatment of the aluminum alloy hub are improved.
Preferably, in the step A10, the transparent powder spraying and curing treatment are carried out by adopting a common spraying mode, the voltage is turned off, the powder film thickness is 60-80 μm, the curing temperature is 170-. The transparent powder is an acrylic polyester system, so that the corrosion resistance, weather resistance and other performances of the product are favorably improved, the yellow phase and other defects of the transparent powder are easily caused due to the thicker film thickness of the powder, the light loss and the appearance color difference of the product are caused, and the stabilization, the stability and the reliability of the reinforcement after the surface treatment of the aluminum alloy hub can be improved through the process of the step A9.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: not only can improve the color and the modeling diversity of the hub, but also can improve the glossiness and the firmness of the appearance of the hub. The coating, the engraving, the nickel electroplating and the electrophoresis process are innovatively combined and fused, the modeling of the aluminum alloy hub and the color diversity of the aluminum alloy hub are enriched, the low efficiency of the conventional shielding method is avoided, the high glossiness of the nickel electroplating enables the appearance of the aluminum alloy hub to be more qualitative and competitive in the market, and the whole hub is more personalized and observable.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme for solving the technical problems: an electrophoresis chromatography method for an aluminum alloy hub comprises the following process steps of:
A1. performing blank processing on the aluminum alloy hub;
A2. carrying out pretreatment steps before spraying base powder and curing on the aluminum alloy hub;
A3. spraying base powder and curing the aluminum alloy hub;
A4. spraying color paint and curing the aluminum alloy hub;
A5. carrying out finishing carving and corner processing on the aluminum alloy hub;
A6. carrying out copper plating treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A7. carrying out nickel plating treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A8. carrying out electrophoresis and curing treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A9. carrying out surface treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A10. and spraying transparent powder and curing the aluminum alloy hub.
In the step a1, the blank processing is to process the rim of the hub blank with 400# sandpaper and a grinding tool so that the rim of the hub is smooth and not harsh by hand. The grinding tools include a straight grinder, a grinding machine, a burr and a sharpening pen.
In the step A2, the pretreatment comprises degreasing, washing, acid washing, pure washing, chromium-free passivation, pure washing, SAM sealing, pure washing, water blowing and drying; the pretreatment agent adopts Kemantel 5213/2 degreasing agent, 4325/1 pickling agent, 4707A passivating agent and X4661 SAM blocking agent. Adopting 6550V-shaped nozzle for degreasing, controlling the temperature at 53 deg.C, the concentration at 5.7pt, the spraying time at 180s, and the pressure at 0.17 MPa; the acid cleaning adopts a 6530V-shaped nozzle, the concentration is 4.5pt, the spraying time is 90s, the temperature is 25 ℃, and the pressure is 0.08 MPa; a 6530V-shaped nozzle is adopted for passivation, the spraying time is 90s, the temperature is 25 ℃, the conductivity is 160 mus/cm, and the pressure is 0.08 MPa; the SAM is sealed by a 6540V-shaped spray gun, the conductivity is 160 mus/cm, the spraying time is 60s, the temperature is 60 ℃, and the pressure is 0.12 MPa; the curing oven adopts a thermal circulation air mode, the drying temperature is 130 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 min. Naturally, the degreasing temperature can be controlled to be 50-60 ℃, and the concentration can be controlled to be 5.5-6.5 pt; the concentration of acid washing is 4.5-5.5 pt; the passivated conductivity is 160-; the SAM-closed electric conductivity is 160-170 mu s/cm, and the temperature is 55-65 ℃; the drying temperature is 130-. Note: the SAM is a sealing agent, is a passivation film sealing agent of Shanghai Karmetl Chemicals Limited, and has the following chemical names: x4661 SAM.
In the step A3, the black bottom powder is sprayed and cured by adopting an electrostatic spraying mode, the distance between a spray gun and a hub is 25cm, the electrostatic voltage is controlled to be 55KV, the total gas quantity of powder conveying gas and powder distributing gas is controlled to be 0.4MPa, the powder output is controlled to be 75-80, the powder film thickness on the appearance surface is 130-140 μm, the positions such as the back surfaces of an inner rim, an outer rim, spokes and the like are 80-100 μm, the curing furnace adopts a thermal circulation air mode, the curing temperature is 160 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 22 min. Of course, the electrostatic voltage can be controlled to 55-65KV, the powder film thickness on the appearance surface is 120-140 μm, the positions such as the inner and outer rims, the back surfaces of the spokes and the like are 60-100 μm, the curing temperature is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-25 min.
In the step a4, the black paint is sprayed by combining a rotary cup and an electrostatic spray gun, the distance between the rotary cup and the electrostatic spray gun is 25cm from the hub, the electrostatic voltage of the rotary cup is 55KV, the rotation speed is 35000-40000r/min, and the discharge rate is: by rim 80-100cc/min, by central hole 40-60cc/min, fan-shaped and atomizing pressure 2.3 bar; the electrostatic voltage of the electrostatic spray gun is 45KV, the discharge rate is 60-90cc/min, and the fan-shaped and atomization pressure is 1.8 bar; the curing oven adopts a thermal circulation air mode, the curing temperature is 140 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 23 min. Certainly, the electrostatic voltage of the rotary cup can be controlled to be 50-65KV, the rotating speed is 35000-45000r/min, and the discharge rate is as follows: by rim 80-100cc/min, by central hole 40-60cc/min, fan-shaped and atomizing pressure 2.0-2.5 bar; the electrostatic voltage of the electrostatic spray gun is 40-55KV, the discharge amount is 70-90cc/min, and the fan-shaped and atomization pressure is 1.5-2.0 bar; the curing temperature is 140 ℃ and 150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-25 min.
In the step A5, selecting corresponding cutters according to different shapes for fine carving and corner processing; and selecting a ball cutter to carry out pattern fine engraving of the spoke on the surface A. The whole fine carving process is carried out in two rounds, wherein the first round of fine carving is carried out at the rotating speed of 12000r/min and fed for 3000 mm/min; and (3) feeding the second round of engraving at the rotating speed of 16000r/min to 1200mm/min, and polishing the corner burr parts of the engraving by using a ceramic knife and 1000# abrasive paper after finishing engraving. Certainly, the first round of finishing impression rotation speed can be controlled to 10000-; the second round of finishing impression rotational speed 14000-.
In the step A6, the copper plating treatment comprises oil removal, weak corrosion, scale removal, zinc deposition, alkali copper, nickel preplating, acid copper plating and hot water washing; hot water with the temperature of 70 ℃ is adopted for oil removal, and the time is 2 min; soaking the weak corrosion agent in 35 ℃ bath solution for 40 s; cleaning the scale in 35 deg.C bath solution for 60 s; the temperature of zinc deposition is 35 ℃, and the time is 60 s; the temperature of the alkali copper process is 50 ℃, the voltage is 3.5V, the PH is 9.25, and the time is 18 min; the temperature of pre-nickel plating is 55 ℃, the voltage is 10V, the PH is 3.7, the time is 15min, and 230g/L of nickel sulfate, 50g/L of nickel chloride and 40g/L of boric acid are controlled; the temperature of the acid copper plating is 20 ℃, the voltage is 3.5V, and the time duration is 100 min; the hot water washing temperature is 70 ℃, the time is 20s, and 220g/L of copper sulfate, 40g/L of sulfuric acid and 40mg/L of chloride ions are controlled. Certainly, hot water with the temperature of 70-80 ℃ can be adopted for oil removal, and the time is 2-6 min; soaking the weak corrosion agent in 35-45 deg.C bath solution for 20-40 s; descaling by cleaning descaling powder in a tank liquor at 15-35 ℃ for 30-60 s; the temperature of zinc deposition is 15-35 ℃, and the time is 60-90 s; the temperature of the alkali copper process is 50-60 ℃, the voltage is 3.5-4.5V, the PH is 9.2-10.5, and the time duration is 15-30 min; the nickel preplating temperature is 55-60 ℃, the voltage is 8-10V, the PH is 3.5-4.1, and the time is 8-25 min; the temperature of the acid copper plating is 15-30 ℃, the voltage is 3.5-5V, and the time duration is 90-150 min; the hot water washing temperature is 70-80 ℃, the time is 15-60s, and the rest are the same.
In the above step a7, the nickel plating treatment includes degreasing, activation, semi-bright nickel, bright nickel and hot water washing; the oil removal is carried out in an electrolytic mode, the temperature is 35 ℃, and the time is 10 s; activating by adding sulfuric acid at normal temperature for 30 s; the temperature of the semi-bright nickel is 55 ℃, the voltage is 6V, and the PH is 3.8; the time duration is 15min, and 230g/L of nickel sulfate, 50g/L of nickel chloride and 40g/L of boric acid are controlled; the temperature of bright nickel is 55 ℃, the voltage is 9.5V, the PH is 4.1, the time is 35min, and 240g/L of nickel sulfate, 60g/L of nickel chloride and 45g/L of boric acid are controlled. Certainly, the oil removal can also be carried out in an electrolysis mode at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ for 10-15 s; activating by adding sulfuric acid at normal temperature for 30-60 s; the temperature of the semi-bright nickel is 55-65 ℃, the voltage is 6-8V, and the PH is 3.8-4.1; the time duration is 10-30 min; the bright nickel temperature is 55-65 deg.C, voltage is 9.5-10.5V, pH is 4.1-4.4, and time is 35-55min, the rest is the same.
In the above-mentioned A8 step, the electrophoresis and curing treatment includes the steps of prevention, pure water washing 1, electrophoresis, pure water washing 2, water-blowing wiping and curing; props such as a blocking tool, insulating paper and the like are adopted to protect positions such as PCD holes, mounting discs and the like, so that electrophoresis in the region caused by electric conduction is avoided; the pure water washing 1 and the pure water washing 2 adopt a mode of soaking in a tank and water spraying, the soaking is accompanied with swinging, the time in the tank is 15s, the spraying time is 30s, and the floating paint is ensured to be uniformly cleaned; the electrophoresis adopts red transparent paint, the temperature of the electrophoresis tank liquid is 30 ℃, the voltage is 140v, the time is 2min, the PH is 5.8-6.2, the conductivity is 900-; after water is blown, wiping areas which are not well protected or are leaked with rags with alcohol (the alcohol is slightly wrung and can not drip) in time; the curing oven adopts a thermal circulation air mode, the curing temperature is 155 ℃, and the curing time is 28 min. Certainly, the temperature of electrophoresis is 28-32 ℃, the voltage is 130-; after water is blown, the parts which do not need electrophoresis are wiped in time; the curing temperature is 155-165 ℃, the curing time is 25-35min, and the rest is the same.
In the above step a9, the surface treatment includes oil removal, water washing, water blowing, and drying; the oil removal temperature is 55 ℃, the soaking time is 120s, and the concentration is 2 pt; the curing oven adopts a thermal circulation air mode, the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 min. Certainly, the oil removal temperature can be controlled to be 50-60 ℃, the drying temperature is 100-.
In the step A10, the common spraying mode is adopted for transparent powder spraying and curing, the spraying and electrophoresis surfaces of the whole hub are not conductive, so the common spraying mode is adopted, the voltage is turned off, the powder spraying amount is 58, the total gas amount of the powder supply gas and the powder preparation gas is 3.5bar, the powder film thickness is 60-80 μm, the curing temperature is 170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 22 min. Of course, the thickness of the powder film can be 60-80 μm, the curing temperature is 170-.
The red-black double-color wheel hub with the high glossiness and the pattern modeling of the A-surface spoke is prepared through the step 1.
Example 2:
in the step A2, the temperature is controlled at 58 ℃, the concentration is controlled at 6.0pt, the spraying time is 180s, and the pressure is 0.18 MPa; the acid cleaning adopts a 6530V-shaped nozzle, the concentration is 5pt, the spraying time is 90s, the temperature is 25 ℃, and the pressure is 0.10 MPa; a 6530V-shaped nozzle is adopted for passivation, the spraying time is 90s, the temperature is 25 ℃, the conductivity is 170 mus/cm, and the pressure is 0.10 MPa; the SAM is sealed by a 6540V-shaped spray gun, the conductivity is 165 mu s/cm, the spraying time is 60s, the temperature is 60 ℃, and the pressure is 0.15 MPa; the curing oven adopts a thermal circulation air mode, the drying temperature is 130 ℃, the heat preservation time is 12min, and the other steps are the same as the step A2 of the embodiment 1.
In the step A3, the distance between the spray gun and the hub is 28cm, the static voltage is controlled to be 60KV, the total gas quantity of the powder conveying gas and the powder distributing gas is controlled to be 0.4MPa, the powder output is controlled to be 75-80, the powder film thickness on the appearance surface is 130-140 μm, the positions of the inner rim, the outer rim, the spoke back and the like are 80-100 μm, the curing furnace adopts a thermal circulation air mode, the curing temperature is 160 ℃, the heat preservation time is 22min, and the other steps are the same as the step A3 in the embodiment 1.
In the step A4, white paint is sprayed by combining a rotary cup and an electrostatic spray gun, wherein the distance between the rotary cup and the electrostatic spray gun is 25cm, the electrostatic voltage of the rotary cup is 60KV, the rotating speed is 37000 and 40000r/min, and the discharge rate is as follows: by rim 80-100cc/min, by central hole 40-60cc/min, fan-shaped and atomizing pressure 2.5 bar; the electrostatic voltage of the electrostatic spray gun is 50KV, the discharge rate is 60-90cc/min, and the fan-shaped and atomization pressure is 2.0 bar; the curing oven adopts a thermal circulation air mode, the curing temperature is 140 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 23 min.
In the step a5, a ball knife is selected to perform fine carving of the english letters and nameplates of the spokes on the a surface. The whole fine engraving process is carried out by two wheels, the rotational speed of the first fine engraving wheel is 11000r/min, and the feeding speed is 2300 mm/min; and (3) feeding the second round of finishing impression at the rotating speed of 13000r/min for 1000mm/min, and polishing the corner burr parts of the finishing impression by using a ceramic knife and 1000# abrasive paper after finishing impression.
In the step A6, hot water with the temperature of 80 ℃ is adopted for oil removal, and the time is 5 min; soaking the weak corrosion agent in 45 ℃ bath solution for 35 s; cleaning the scale by using scale removal powder in bath solution at 35 ℃ for 50 s; the temperature of zinc deposition is 30 ℃, and the time is 80 s; the temperature of the alkali copper process is 60 ℃, the voltage is 4.5V, the PH is 10.5, and the duration is 30 min; the temperature of pre-nickel plating is 60 ℃, the voltage is 10V, the PH is 4.1, the time is 15min, and 240g/L of nickel sulfate, 70g/L of nickel chloride and 50g/L of boric acid are controlled; the temperature of the acid copper plating is 30 ℃, the voltage is 5V, and the time duration is 120 min; the hot water washing temperature is 80 ℃, the time duration is 60s, and 200g/L of copper sulfate, 55g/L of sulfuric acid and 80mg/L of chloride ions are controlled. The rest was the same as in the step A6 of example 1.
In the step A7, the temperature is 45 ℃ and the time is 15 s; activating by adding sulfuric acid at normal temperature for 50 s; the temperature of the semi-bright nickel is 60 ℃, the voltage is 8V, and the PH is 4.1; the time duration is 25min, and 260g/L of nickel sulfate, 60g/L of nickel chloride and 45g/L of boric acid are controlled; the temperature of bright nickel is 60 ℃, the voltage is 10.5V, the PH is 4.4, the time duration is 50min, and 280g/L of nickel sulfate, 680g/L of nickel chloride and 55g/L of boric acid are controlled. The rest was the same as in the step A7 of example 1.
In the step A8, the electrophoresis is performed by using blue transparent paint, the temperature of the electrophoresis tank liquid is 30 ℃, the voltage is 130v, the duration is 2min, the pH is 5.6-6.0, the conductivity is 800-; after water is blown, wiping areas which are not well protected or are leaked with rags with alcohol (the alcohol is slightly wrung and can not drip) in time; the curing oven adopts a thermal circulation air mode, the curing temperature is 160 ℃, and the curing time is 28 min. The rest was the same as in the step A8 of example 1.
In the step A9, the oil removal temperature is 60 ℃, the soaking time is 120s, and the concentration is 2.5 pt; the curing oven adopts a thermal circulation air mode, the drying temperature is 120 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 min. The rest was the same as in the step A9 of example 1.
In the step A10, the powder spitting amount is 58, the total gas amount of the powder supply gas and the powder preparation gas is 3.8bar, the powder film thickness is 60-80 μm, the curing temperature is 175 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 22 min. The rest was the same as in the step A10 of example 1.
The other steps are the same as those in embodiment 1; and (3) preparing the white-blue double-color wheel hub with the high glossiness of the A-surface spoke and the shape of English letters and nameplates by the implementation 2 steps.
The foregoing summary and structure are provided to explain the principles, general features, and advantages of the product and to enable others skilled in the art to understand the invention. The foregoing examples and description have been presented to illustrate the principles of the invention and are intended to provide various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. An electrophoresis chromatography method for an aluminum alloy hub is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following process steps
A1. Performing blank processing on the aluminum alloy hub;
A2. carrying out pretreatment steps before spraying base powder and curing on the aluminum alloy hub;
A3. spraying base powder and curing the aluminum alloy hub;
A4. spraying color paint and curing the aluminum alloy hub;
A5. carrying out finishing carving and corner processing on the aluminum alloy hub;
A6. carrying out copper plating treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A7. carrying out nickel plating treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A8. carrying out electrophoresis and curing treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A9. carrying out surface treatment on the aluminum alloy hub;
A10. and spraying transparent powder and curing the aluminum alloy hub.
2. The aluminum alloy hub electrophoretic color register method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A2, the pretreatment comprises degreasing, washing, acid washing, pure washing, chromium-free passivation, pure washing, SAM sealing, pure washing, water blowing and drying; wherein the degreasing temperature is controlled at 50-60 deg.C, and the concentration is controlled at 5.5-6.5 pt; the concentration of acid washing is 4.5-5.5 pt; the passivated conductivity is 160-; the SAM-closed electric conductivity is 160-170 mu s/cm, and the temperature is 55-65 ℃; the drying temperature is 130-.
3. The aluminum alloy hub electrophoretic color register method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A3, the electrostatic spraying mode is adopted for bottom powder spraying and curing treatment, wherein the electrostatic voltage is controlled to be 55-65KV, the powder film thickness on the appearance surface is 120-140 μm, the positions such as the inner and outer rims, the back surfaces of spokes and the like are 60-100 μm, the curing temperature is 160-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-25 min.
4. The aluminum alloy hub electrophoretic color register method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A4, the spraying and curing treatment adopts a spraying mode of combining a rotary cup and an electrostatic spray gun, wherein the electrostatic voltage of the rotary cup is 50-65KV, the rotating speed is 35000-45000r/min, and the discharge rate is as follows: by rim 80-100cc/min, by central hole 40-60cc/min, fan-shaped and atomizing pressure 2.0-2.5 bar; the electrostatic voltage of the electrostatic spray gun is 40-55KV, the discharge amount is 70-90cc/min, and the fan-shaped and atomization pressure is 1.5-2.0 bar; the curing temperature is 140 ℃ and 150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-25 min.
5. The aluminum alloy hub electrophoretic color register method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A5, selecting corresponding cutters according to different shapes for fine carving and corner processing; the whole fine carving process is carried out in two rounds, wherein the first round of fine carving is carried out at 10000-; the second round of finishing impression rotational speed 14000-.
6. The aluminum alloy hub electrophoretic color register method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A6, copper plating treatment comprises oil removal, weak corrosion, descaling, zinc precipitation, alkali copper, nickel preplating, acid copper plating and hot water washing; wherein hot water with the temperature of 70-80 ℃ is adopted for oil removal, and the time is 2-6 min; soaking the weak corrosion agent in 35-45 deg.C bath solution for 20-40 s; descaling by cleaning descaling powder in a tank liquor at 15-35 ℃ for 30-60 s; the temperature of zinc deposition is 15-35 ℃, and the time is 60-90 s; the temperature of the alkali copper process is 50-60 ℃, the voltage is 3.5-4.5V, the PH is 9.2-10.5, and the time duration is 15-30 min; the nickel preplating temperature is 55-60 ℃, the voltage is 8-10V, the PH is 3.5-4.1, and the time is 8-25 min; the temperature of the acid copper plating is 15-30 ℃, the voltage is 3.5-5V, and the time duration is 90-150 min; the hot water washing temperature is 70-80 ℃, and the time is 15-60 s.
7. The aluminum alloy hub electrophoretic color register method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A7, nickel plating treatment comprises oil removal, activation, semi-bright nickel, bright nickel and hot water washing; wherein the oil removal is carried out in an electrolytic mode at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ for 10-15 s; activating by adding sulfuric acid at normal temperature for 30-60 s; the temperature of the semi-bright nickel is 55-65 ℃, the voltage is 6-8V, and the PH is 3.8-4.1; the time duration is 10-30 min; the bright nickel temperature is 55-65 deg.C, voltage is 9.5-10.5V, pH is 4.1-4.4, and duration is 35-55 min.
8. The aluminum alloy hub electrophoretic color register method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A8, electrophoresis and curing treatment comprises protection, pure water washing 1, electrophoresis, pure water washing 2, water blowing wiping and curing; the positions of PCD holes, mounting plates and the like are protected by using props such as a plugging tool, insulating paper and the like; the pure water washing 1 and the pure water washing 2 adopt a mode of soaking in a tank and spraying water out, the soaking is accompanied with swinging, the time in the tank is 15s, and the spraying time is 30 s; the temperature of electrophoresis is 28-32 ℃, the voltage is 130-; after water is blown, the parts which do not need electrophoresis are wiped in time; the curing temperature is 155-165 ℃, and the curing time is 25-35 min.
9. The aluminum alloy hub electrophoretic color register method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A9, surface treatment comprises oil removal, water washing, water blowing and drying; wherein the oil removing temperature is 50-60 ℃, the drying temperature is 100-.
10. The aluminum alloy hub electrophoretic color register method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A10, spraying transparent powder and curing by adopting a common spraying mode, closing the voltage, keeping the powder film thickness at 60-80 μm, curing at 170-180 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 20-25 min.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113981509A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 浙江今飞凯达轮毂股份有限公司 | Fine polishing electrophoresis combined production process for aluminum alloy wheel hub |
| CN115074793A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-20 | 山东省机械设计研究院 | Novel electroplating process of copper-aluminum composite material |
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| CN102601030A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-07-25 | 中信戴卡轮毂制造股份有限公司 | Topping coating process for aluminum alloy wheel |
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| CN102601030A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-07-25 | 中信戴卡轮毂制造股份有限公司 | Topping coating process for aluminum alloy wheel |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113981509A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 浙江今飞凯达轮毂股份有限公司 | Fine polishing electrophoresis combined production process for aluminum alloy wheel hub |
| CN115074793A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-20 | 山东省机械设计研究院 | Novel electroplating process of copper-aluminum composite material |
| CN115074793B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2024-03-08 | 山东省机械设计研究院 | Novel electroplating process of copper-aluminum composite material |
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Application publication date: 20220121 |