CN113952830A - Calcium-based moving bed full-dry type desulfurization and dust removal method and device - Google Patents
Calcium-based moving bed full-dry type desulfurization and dust removal method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113952830A CN113952830A CN202111354533.6A CN202111354533A CN113952830A CN 113952830 A CN113952830 A CN 113952830A CN 202111354533 A CN202111354533 A CN 202111354533A CN 113952830 A CN113952830 A CN 113952830A
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D49/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
Abstract
A calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method and a device relate to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization and dust removal, in particular to a moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal technology, and comprise a feeding process, a desulfurization and dust removal process and a discharging process, wherein the feeding process is to send a desulfurizer into each desulfurizer bin of a moving bed dry tower. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of improving the utilization rate of the desulfurizer, increasing the sulfur capacity, reducing the using amount of the desulfurizer and saving the operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization and dust removal, in particular to a moving bed full-dry type desulfurization and dust removal technology.
Background
Along with the increasing tightening of environmental protection policies, the national requirements for flue gas treatment are increasingly strict. Particulate matter and sulfur dioxide emission standard of local industrial pollutant smoke emission standard of partial province and cityThe ultra-low emission and the white smoke removal of the smoke put higher demands, namely: the particle is less than or equal to 10mg/m3Sulfur dioxide is less than or equal to 10mg/m3And white smoke does not exist at the outlet of the chimney (the white smoke is formed by blocking light rays by liquid water drops carried by smoke).
At present, the smoke source of the ceramic building enterprise is mainly smoke generated by kiln combustion, and the smoke exhaust temperature is generally 100-.
At present, most of flue gas treatment processes are wet methods. This process requires the addition of water. Wet desulfurization adds a large amount of water to dissolve the absorbent and uses the absorbent solution to remove the contaminants, with the following disadvantages:
generating wastewater: part of the added water contacts with the flue gas to dissolve harmful substances in the flue gas, such as acid gas, dust, heavy metals and the like, so that toxic wastewater is discharged out of the system. This portion of the wastewater needs to be treated.
(II) white smoke generation: some of the added water is discharged from the top of the chimney along with the smoke to form fog drops to shield the sunlight, and dense white smoke is generated visually, so that visual pollution is caused, and complaints of surrounding residents are caused.
(III) influence monitoring accuracy: on-line smoke monitoring is a laser scattering method, laser irradiates in suspended particles to generate scattering, and the concentration of smoke is converted by measuring the intensity of the scattering light. The droplets also scatter the laser light, interfering with monitoring accuracy. The lower the smoke concentration, the greater the droplet concentration and the more severe the disturbance.
(IV) corroding surrounding buildings: and part of the added water is discharged from the top of the chimney along with the flue gas, and large-particle water drops are formed and then settle to corrode the reinforced concrete building on the ground.
(V) the removal cost of the particulate matter is high: the single wet desulphurization can not reduce the emission concentration of the particulate matters to 10mg/m3In the following, the wet electric dust collector with high power consumption needs to be additionally added to reach the ultralow emission standard of the particulate matters.
And (VI) the number of pumps is large, the number of rotating machines is large, and the operation and maintenance difficulty is high.
Due to the above various inherent drawbacks, the conventional wet process technology is being phased out. Instead, dry desulfurization techniques.
As shown in fig. 5, the existing dry desulfurization technology is:
the feeding system a comprises the following basic processes: the granular desulfurizer packed by ton bags (cylindrical, with the diameter of 4-10 mm and the length of 20-30 mm, and porous granular material prepared by lime, adhesive and pore-forming agent) is transported to the area of a flue gas treatment system by a truck and is discharged on the ground.
A bucket elevator is arranged on the ground. The operator operates the forklift to fork the ton bag. And (3) opening a rope opening at the bottom of the ton bag, enabling the desulfurizer to fall into a feed inlet of the bucket elevator, conveying the desulfurizer to a raw material bin through the elevator, and discharging the desulfurizer to the raw material bin for storage.
The bottom of the raw material bin is provided with a feed opening. And the discharged granules are conveyed into a feed inlet of a bucket elevator through a belt conveyor, conveyed to the top of the desulfurizing tower through the elevator and discharged into the desulfurizing tower.
The desulfurization and dust removal system b comprises the following basic processes: the desulfurizing tower is internally provided with a separate bin structure, and each bin corresponds to one feed opening. A desulfurizer bin surrounded by shutters is arranged in the bin, and the desulfurizer is stacked in the desulfurizer bin after being discharged. The flue gas enters the desulfurizer bin from the outside of the desulfurizer bin through the gaps of the blades.
The bottom of the bin is provided with a smoke inlet, and the top of the bin is provided with a smoke outlet. The raw flue gas enters the desulfurizer bin from the flue gas inlet through the shutter and passes through the desulfurizer from bottom to top. The sulfur dioxide and the dust are absorbed by the desulfurizer and are removed by chemical reaction with the lime in the desulfurizer. The purified flue gas flows into a chimney d through a flue outlet and is discharged.
The discharge system c comprises the following basic processes: discharging the aged desulfurizer from the bottom of the desulfurizer bin to a belt conveyor. The conveyer is conveyed into a bucket elevator, conveyed to the top of a waste bin through the elevator, and discharged into the waste bin for storage.
And a loading platform is arranged below the waste bin and can be used for driving a transport truck. And after the waste bin is full, opening the gate valve at the bottom of the waste bin to enable the waste to directly fall onto the carriage of the transport truck. And after the unloading is finished, the waste is transported to a waste recovery center outside the plant for treatment.
The prior dry desulfurization technology has the problems of uneven flue gas distribution, low utilization rate of a desulfurizer, excessive absorption of sulfur dioxide and the like.
As shown in FIG. 5, the smoke inlet is arranged at the lower part of the desulfurizer bin, the smoke outlet is arranged at the upper part of the desulfurizer bin, and the raw flue gas inevitably flows to the smoke outlet after entering the desulfurizer bin. The smoke is difficult to flow at the position far away from the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet, and the problem of uneven smoke distribution in the bin is presented. The original flue gas passes through the desulfurizer from the lower part of the desulfurizer bin to the upper part of the desulfurizer bin and is discharged. From the trend of the flue gas, it is easy to know that the closer to the flue gas inlet, the higher the utilization rate of the desulfurizer is. Therefore, the desulfurizing agent utilization rate of the desulfurizing agent bin is also uneven. Because the utilization rate of the desulfurizer in a plurality of bins far away from the flue gas inlet is low, the utilization rate of the desulfurizer in the plurality of bins is usually less than 50 percent after the desulfurizer is discharged, and the old materials are wasted. Moreover, the environmental protection requires that the sulfur dioxide is only required to be reduced to a certain concentration. Due to lack of regulation measures, when the activity of the desulfurizer is strong, sulfur dioxide is completely absorbed, the concentration of the sulfur dioxide in the clean flue gas is 0, and the sulfur dioxide is also an unnecessary consumption for the desulfurizer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calcium-based moving bed full-dry type desulfurization and dust removal method and device which have the advantages of recycling of old materials, improvement of the utilization rate of a desulfurizer, reduction of the using amount of the desulfurizer, saving of the operation cost, no water consumption, no wastewater discharge, low flue gas resistance, no visual pollution, no corrosion and good pollutant removal effect.
The invention relates to a calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method, which comprises a feeding process, a desulfurization and dust removal process for desulfurization and dust removal of flue gas and a discharging process, wherein the feeding process is to send a desulfurizer into each desulfurizer bin of a moving bed dry-method tower.
Here, the old desulfurizer in the desulfurizer bin with low utilization rate is taken out from the desulfurizer bin and then is sent into the desulfurizer bin with less excess flue gas again.
Preferably, in the desulfurization and dust removal process, the flue gas sequentially flows through n desulfurizer bins of a moving bed dry tower, n =2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 … …, new desulfurizer is fed into the desulfurizer bin through which the flue gas finally flows, old desulfurizer taken out of the m-th desulfurizer bin is fed into the m-1-th desulfurizer bin adjacent to the m-th desulfurizer bin again, m is more than 1 and less than or equal to n, and old desulfurizer taken out of the desulfurizer bin through which the flue gas to be desulfurized firstly flows is fed to waste recovery treatment.
Preferably, part of the flue gas before desulfurization and dust removal is mixed with the flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal and then discharged. Because the environmental protection requires sulfur dioxide and particulate matter only need be low to certain concentration can, promptly: the particle is less than or equal to 10mg/m3Sulfur dioxide is less than or equal to 10mg/m3The sulfur dioxide and particulate matter content of the flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal are very low, and part of the flue gas before desulfurization and dust removal is mixed with the flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal and then discharged, so that the flue gas treatment cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the temperature of the flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal can be effectively balanced, so that the concentrated generation of white smoke (condensed water mist) is reduced.
The method adopts a recycling mode, the desulfurizer with low utilization rate is put into the desulfurizer bin again, and the original desulfurizer with uneven desulfurization reaction is uniformly mixed again in the process of collecting and putting the desulfurizer in the new putting mode and then put in the new putting mode, so that the desulfurization effect of the newly-put desulfurizer is not influenced, and the desulfurizer can be fully utilized; the recycled desulfurizer is put into a desulfurizer bin with less excess flue gas, thereby not only meeting the requirement of flue gas desulfurization on the desulfurization capacity of the desulfurizer, but also fully utilizing the desulfurizer; the flue gas flows through n desulfurizer bins of the moving bed dry method tower in sequence to carry out graded desulfurization, and the desulfurizer flows and is put in reverse direction in sequence, thus ensuring the full desulfurization of the flue gas and simultaneously utilizing the desulfurizer more fully.
Has the advantages that:
zero water consumption: because the technical system of the invention does not need to spray any water, the desulfurization completely depends on the pores of the desulfurizer to adsorb pollutants, and the water consumption is zero;
② zero waste water discharge: the adsorption reaction does not produce any water, and the whole system achieves zero wastewater discharge;
thirdly, the smoke resistance is low: the whole system only has one resistance point of the desulfurizer, which is much smaller than the traditional wet method, semi-dry method and other process methods with many resistance points;
fourthly, no visual pollution is caused: because no water is sprayed, the temperature of the flue gas cannot be reduced, and the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the chimney is similar to that of the original flue gas, so that the flue gas belongs to high-temperature flue gas. The substances forming the white smoke are mainly liquid water, and the liquid water is completely evaporated at high temperature to form transparent water vapor which can not be seen by naked eyes. And the sulfur dioxide, dust and other pollution gases are completely removed, so that the finally discharged flue gas is completely colorless and transparent, invisible to naked eyes and free of visual pollution;
no corrosion: under the condition of high temperature, the acid gas is gaseous and has no corrosion capability. Therefore, the full-dry method equipment has no corrosion;
sixthly, pollutant removal effect: the desulfurizer has a porous structure, is internally provided with a plurality of micron-sized pores and nanometer-sized pores which are difficult to distinguish by naked eyes, has strong adsorption performance, can adsorb a large amount of acid gas and dust into the pores, and the sulfur dioxide and dust content in the treated flue gas is lower than 10mg/m3；
The automation degree is high: the whole system is fully automatically controlled, feeding and discharging are not manually interfered, the control is completely carried out by instruments such as a thermometer and a pressure difference meter, and the operation of the whole system can be completed by only one forklift worker.
Can adjust the sulfur dioxide content of the outlet flue gas: because the bypass flue is arranged, the amount of untreated flue gas in the outlet flue gas can be adjusted, and then the concentration of sulfur dioxide is adjusted, so that the aim of saving a desulfurizer is fulfilled;
ninthly, the smoke is distributed uniformly: because of the diversion structure, the flue gas is uniformly distributed, and all parts of the desulfurizer layer can be fully contacted with the flue gas.
The potential of the waste desulfurizer is fully exerted. The waste desulfurizer can be sent back to the desulfurizing tower for recycling through reasonable proportioning of the complete new material and the waste desulfurizer. Can dig up the potential of the desulfurizer, greatly improves the utilization rate of the desulfurizer, reduces the using amount of the desulfurizer and saves the operation cost.
The scheme of the calcium-based moving bed full-dry type desulfurization and dust removal device is realized by the following steps that the device comprises a feeding system, a desulfurization and dust removal system and a discharging system, wherein the feeding system comprises a raw material feeding mechanism, a raw material bin connected with the raw material feeding mechanism and a desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism connected with the raw material bin, the desulfurization and dust removal system comprises a moving bed dry tower with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, a plurality of desulfurizer bins arranged in the moving bed dry tower, a desulfurizer bin inlet with an inlet bin valve of the plurality of desulfurizer bins is connected with a desulfurizer feeding port of a desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism, the discharging system comprises a desulfurizer collection and transmission mechanism with a desulfurizer collection port connected with a desulfurizer bin outlet with an outlet bin valve of the plurality of desulfurizer bins, and a waste bin with a waste bin inlet with a waste bin valve connected with a first waste outlet of the desulfurizer collection and transmission mechanism, the side wall of the desulfurizer bin is provided with a louver which is inclined towards the inside of the desulfurizer bin, and the desulfurizer bin is characterized by being provided with a desulfurizer recycling system which comprises a feed back bin and a feed back conveying mechanism, wherein a feed back bin feed inlet with a feed back inlet bin valve of the feed back bin is connected with a second waste material outlet of the desulfurizer collecting and conveying mechanism, and a feed back bin discharge outlet with a feed back outlet bin valve of the feed back bin is connected with a desulfurizer conveying and feeding mechanism through the feed back conveying mechanism.
When the desulfurizer is operated, the raw material feeding mechanism conveys new desulfurizer to the raw material bin for storage, the desulfurizer conveying and feeding mechanism conveys the desulfurizer to each desulfurizer bin, and according to the utilization rate of the desulfurizer in each desulfurizer bin, when the utilization rate of the desulfurizer reaches a set high utilization rate, the desulfurizer is conveyed to the waste bin through the desulfurizer collecting and conveying mechanism, and when the utilization rate of the desulfurizer is low, the desulfurizer is conveyed to the feed back bin and then is fed into the desulfurizer bin through the desulfurizer conveying and feeding mechanism independently or after being mixed with the new desulfurizer.
The scheme of the calcium-based moving bed full-dry type desulfurization and dust removal device is realized in the second way, and the device comprises a feeding system, a desulfurization and dust removal system and a waste material bin, wherein the feeding system comprises a raw material feeding mechanism, a raw material bin connected with the raw material feeding mechanism and a desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism connected with the raw material bin, the desulfurization and dust removal system comprises a moving bed dry method tower and a desulfurizer bin arranged in the moving bed dry method tower, the moving bed dry method tower is respectively connected with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, the side wall of the desulfurizer bin is provided with a louver window which is inclined towards the interior of the desulfurizer bin, the device is characterized in that the number of the moving bed dry method towers with the desulfurizer bins is n, n =2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 … …, each moving bed dry method tower with the desulfurizer bins is provided with a desulfurizer transmission mechanism, and the nth flue gas outlet of the moving bed dry method tower is a flue gas outlet after final desulfurization, the desulfurizer input port of the desulfurizer conveying and feeding mechanism is connected with the nth desulfurizer bin inlet of the nth desulfurizer bin of the nth moving bed dry tower, the mth flue gas inlet of the mth moving bed dry tower is connected with the mth-1 flue gas outlet of the mth-1 moving bed dry tower, the mth desulfurizer bin outlet of the mth desulfurizer bin of the mth moving bed dry tower is connected with the mth-1 desulfurizer bin inlet of the mth-1 moving bed dry tower through the mth desulfurizer transmission mechanism, m is more than 1 and less than or equal to n, the 1 st desulfurizer bin outlet of the 1 st desulfurizer bin of the 1 st moving bed dry tower is connected with the waste bin through the 1 st desulfurizer transmission mechanism, and the 1 st flue gas inlet of the 1 st moving bed dry tower is a flue gas inlet of flue gas to be desulfurized.
When the desulfurizing device works, the flue gas to be desulfurized enters from the 1 st flue gas inlet of the first moving bed dry method tower, flows through the moving bed dry method towers in sequence after being desulfurized by the desulfurizing agent in the 1 st desulfurizing agent bin, and is desulfurized by the desulfurizing agent in each desulfurizing agent bin of the moving bed dry method tower in sequence, so that the sulfur in the flue gas can be fully removed after multi-stage desulfurization, the graded desulfurization is adopted, and along with the removal of the sulfur in the flue gas, the content of the sulfur in the flue gas is reduced, the desulfurizing agent is gradually transited from the desulfurizing agent with high utilization rate to the desulfurizing agent with low utilization rate until reaching the new desulfurizing agent in the nth desulfurizing agent bin of the last moving bed dry method tower, so that the sulfur in the flue gas can be fully and effectively removed, and meanwhile, the desulfurizing capacity of the desulfurizing agent can be fully utilized.
In order to enable the flue gas to uniformly flow through all the desulfurizer, a guide plate is arranged between a flue gas inlet of the moving bed dry tower and a desulfurizer bin, a plurality of guide holes are arranged on the guide plate, and the size of each guide hole is the same, so that the diameter of each guide hole close to the flue gas inlet is small, and the diameter of each guide hole far away from the flue gas inlet is large. Therefore, the size of the air guide hole is used for adjusting the resistance of the flue gas flow, so that the flue gas can uniformly flow to the desulfurizer at each position of the desulfurizer bin, and the utilization rate of the desulfurizer at each position of the desulfurizer bin is uniformly balanced.
The hole of the guide plate close to the bottom of the desulfurizer bin is V-shaped and is matched with the bottom of the V-shaped desulfurizer bin to ensure that flue gas uniformly flows through the desulfurizer at the lower part of the V-shaped desulfurizer bin.
Because of the diversion structure, the flue gas is uniformly distributed, and all parts of the desulfurizer layer can be fully contacted with the flue gas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the functions of uniformly distributing flue gas, recycling old materials and regulating sulfur dioxide by-pass, improves the utilization rate of the desulfurizer, reduces the using amount of the desulfurizer and saves the operation cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 1 of the calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 2 of the calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line K-K of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view L-L of FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the prior art.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
as shown in FIG. 1, an embodiment 1 of the calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal device of the invention comprises a feeding system a, a desulfurization and dust removal system b, a discharging system c and a chimney d, wherein the feeding system a comprises a raw material feeding mechanism 1, a raw material bin 2 connected with the raw material feeding mechanism 1 and a desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism 3 connected with the raw material bin 2, the raw material feeding mechanism 1 comprises a raw material bucket elevator 101 and a raw material conveying belt 102 connected with the raw material bucket elevator 101, an outlet of the raw material conveying belt 102 is connected with a raw material inlet 202 with an inlet gate valve and a star-shaped discharging valve 201 of the raw material bin 2, the desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism 3 comprises a raw material conveyor 301 connected with a raw material outlet 204 with an outlet gate valve and a star-shaped discharging valve 203 of the raw material bin 2, a desulfurizer bucket 302 connected with the raw material conveyor 301 and a desulfurizer conveying belt 303 connected with the desulfurizer bucket elevator 302, and the desulfurization and dust removal system b comprises a dry tower 4 with a flue gas inlet 401 and a flue gas outlet 402, A plurality of desulfurizer bins 5 with desulfurizer bin inlets 501 and desulfurizer bin outlets 502 arranged in the moving bed dry tower 4, louver windows 503 inclined towards the inside of the desulfurizer bins 5 are arranged on the side wall of the desulfurizer bins 5, the flue gas to be desulfurized enters from the flue gas inlet 401 of the moving bed dry tower 4, the flue gas after desulfurization flows out from the flue gas outlet 402 and is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney d, the desulfurizer bin inlets 501 with inlet bin star-shaped discharge valves 504 of the plurality of desulfurizer bins 5 are connected with the desulfurizer throwing-in opening of the desulfurizer conveying and throwing mechanism 3, the discharging system c comprises a desulfurizer collecting and transmitting mechanism 6 with a desulfurizer collecting opening 601 connected with the desulfurizer bin outlets 502 with an outlet gate valve and a bin star-shaped discharge valve 505 of the plurality of desulfurizer bins 5, a waste material agent conveyor 7 with an inlet connected with the desulfurizer outlet 603 with a star-shaped discharge valve 602 of the desulfurizer collecting and transmitting mechanism 6, a waste material conveyor 7 with an inlet connected with the desulfurizer outlet 603 with the star-shaped discharge valve 602 of the desulfurizer collecting and transmitting mechanism 6, The desulfurizer recycling system is characterized by comprising a waste agent lifting hopper 8 connected with a waste agent conveyor 7, a waste material conveyer belt 9 with a first waste material outlet connected with an outlet of the waste agent lifting hopper 8, and a waste material bin 10 with a waste material bin inlet gate valve and star-shaped discharge valve 1001, wherein the waste material bin inlet 1002 connected with an outlet of the waste material conveyer belt 9 is provided with a desulfurizer recycling system e, the desulfurizer recycling system e comprises a return bin 11 and a return conveying mechanism 12, a return bin feed inlet 1102 of the return bin 11 with a return inlet bin gate valve and a star-shaped discharge valve 1101 is connected with a second waste material outlet of the waste material conveyer belt 9, and a return bin discharge outlet 1104 of the return bin 11 with a return outlet bin gate valve and a star-shaped discharge valve 1103 is connected with a desulfurizer lifting hopper 302 of the desulfurizer conveying and throwing mechanism 3 through the return conveying mechanism 12.
Further, a bypass flue 13 with a gate valve 1301 is arranged between the flue gas inlet 401 and the flue gas outlet 402 of the moving bed dry column 4. The bypass flue 13 is arranged, so that the amount of untreated flue gas in the outlet flue gas can be adjusted, the concentration of sulfur dioxide is further adjusted, and the aim of saving the desulfurizer is fulfilled.
The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method comprises a feeding process, a desulfurization and dust removal process and a discharging process, wherein the feeding process comprises the steps that bagged new desulfurizer F is fed into a raw material lifting bucket of a raw material lifting bucket machine 101 of a feeding system a through a forklift G, then is lifted to a raw material conveying belt 102 through the raw material lifting bucket machine 101, and is fed into a raw material bin 2 through the raw material conveying belt 102, the new desulfurizer in the raw material bin 2 is sequentially conveyed into each bin 5 of a moving bed dry tower 4 through a raw material conveyor 301 of a desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism 3, a desulfurizer lifting bucket 302 connected with the raw material conveyor 301, and a desulfurizer conveying belt 303 connected with the desulfurizer lifting bucket 302, a desulfurizer recycling process is arranged between the discharging process and the feeding process, and according to the utilization rate condition of the desulfurizer in each desulfurizer bin 5, old desulfurizer in the desulfurizer bin 5 with low utilization rate (such as the utilization rate is lower than 50%) is taken out from the desulfurizer bin 5 and then is taken out through the desulfurizer bin 5 The sulfur agent collecting and conveying mechanism 6 is firstly sent into the material returning bin 11, then sent to the raw material lifting bucket of the raw material lifting bucket machine 101 through the material returning and conveying mechanism 12, then sent to the desulfurizer bin 5 again through the raw material lifting bucket machine 101 and the raw material conveying belt 102 in sequence, or sent to the desulfurizer bin 5 through the raw material conveying belt 102 after being mixed with new desulfurizer, and after the old desulfurizer (if the utilization rate is higher than 50%) of the desulfurizer bin 5 with high utilization rate is taken out, sent to the waste bin 10 through the desulfurizer collecting and conveying mechanism 6, the gate valve 1003 at the outlet at the bottom of the waste bin 10 is opened, and put into the carrier J of the loading platform H, and sent to waste recovery processing through the carrier J.
Here, the old desulfurizer in the desulfurizer silo 5 with low utilization rate is taken out from the desulfurizer silo 5 and then is fed into the desulfurizer silo 5 with less excess flue gas.
The scheme of the calcium-based moving bed full-dry type desulfurization and dust removal device of the invention is realized in the second way, and comprises a feeding system a, a desulfurization and dust removal system b, a waste bin 10 and a chimney d, wherein the feeding system a comprises a raw material feeding mechanism 1, a raw material bin 2 connected with the raw material feeding mechanism 1 and a desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism 3 connected with the raw material bin 2, the raw material feeding mechanism 1 comprises a raw material bucket elevator 101 and a raw material conveying belt 102 connected with the raw material bucket elevator 101, the outlet of the raw material conveying belt 102 is connected with a raw material inlet 202 with an inlet gate valve and a star-shaped discharge valve 201 of the raw material bin 2, the desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism 3 comprises a raw material conveyor 301 connected with a raw material outlet 204 with an outlet gate valve and a star-shaped discharge valve 203 of the raw material bin 2, a desulfurizer bucket 302 connected with the raw material conveyor 01 and a desulfurizer conveying belt 303 connected with the desulfurizer bucket elevator 302, the desulfurization and dust removal system comprises a moving bed dry tower 4 and a desulfurizer bin 5, wherein the moving bed dry tower 4 is respectively connected with a flue gas inlet 401 and a flue gas outlet 402, the desulfurizer bin 5 is arranged in the moving bed dry tower 4, the side wall of the desulfurizer bin 5 is provided with a louver 503 which is inclined towards the interior of the desulfurizer bin 5, and the desulfurization dust removal system is characterized in that the moving bed dry tower 4 with the desulfurizer bin 5 is provided with n desulfurizing agent hoppers 1402, n =2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 … …, each moving bed dry tower 4 with the desulfurizer bin 5 is provided with a desulfurizing agent transmission mechanism 14, each desulfurizing agent transmission mechanism 14 comprises a desulfurizing agent conveyor 1401, a desulfurizing agent lifting bucket 1402 connected with the desulfurizing agent conveyor 1401, a desulfurizing agent conveying belt 1403 connected with the desulfurizing agent lifting bucket 1402, the nth flue gas outlet 402 of the nth moving bed dry tower 4 is the outlet of flue gas after final desulfurization, a desulfurizing agent feeding port of the desulfurizing agent conveying mechanism 3 is connected with the nth desulfurizing agent discharging valve with an inlet star-shaped bin hopper 504 of the nth desulfurizer bin 5 of the nth desulfurizing agent bin 4 The inlet 501 of the bin is connected, the mth flue gas inlet 401 of the mth moving bed dry method tower 4 is connected with the mth-1 flue gas outlet 402 of the mth moving bed dry method tower 4, the mth desulfurizer bin outlet 502 of the mth desulfurizer bin 5 of the mth moving bed dry method tower 4, which is provided with an outlet bin gate valve and a bin star-shaped discharge valve 505, is connected with the mth-1 desulfurizer bin inlet 501 of the mth-1 desulfurizer bin 5 of the mth moving bed dry method tower 4, which is provided with an inlet bin star-shaped discharge valve 504, through the mth desulfurizer transmission mechanism 14, m is more than 1 and less than or equal to n, the 1 st desulfurizer bin outlet 502 of the 1 st desulfurizer bin 5 of the 1 st moving bed dry method tower 4 is connected with the waste bin 10 through the 1 st desulfurizer transmission mechanism 14, and the 1 st flue gas inlet 401 of the 1 st moving bed dry method tower is the flue gas inlet of the flue gas to be desulfurized.
A guide plate 403 is arranged between the flue gas inlet 401 and the desulfurizer bin 5 of the moving bed dry method tower 4, a plurality of guide holes 404 are arranged on the guide plate 403, the size of each guide hole 404 is the same, the diameter of each guide hole 404 close to the flue gas inlet 401 is small, and the diameter of each guide hole 404 far away from the flue gas inlet 401 is large.
As shown in fig. 3, if the flue gas inlet 401 is located in the middle of the moving bed dry tower 4, the diameter of the diversion holes 404 in the middle of the diversion plate 403 facing the flue gas inlet 401 is small, the diameter of the diversion holes 404 becomes larger as the distance from the flue gas inlet 401 increases, the farthest distance from the upper part is the largest, and the total area of the diversion holes 404 at the position is larger than the total area of the diversion holes 404 near the flue gas inlet 401 as the distance from the flue gas inlet 401 increases.
As shown in fig. 4, if the flue gas inlet 401 is located at the lower part of the moving bed dry tower 4, the aperture of the diversion holes 404 at the lower part of the diversion plate 403 facing the flue gas inlet 401 is small, the aperture of the diversion holes 404 becomes larger as the distance from the flue gas inlet 401 is longer, the farthest position at the upper part is the largest, and the total area of the diversion holes 404 at the position is larger than that of the diversion holes 404 near the flue gas inlet 401 as the distance from the flue gas inlet 401 is longer.
The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method of embodiment 2 of the invention is realized by the following steps, including a feeding process, a desulfurization and dust removal process, and a discharging process, wherein the feeding process comprises the steps that bagged new desulfurizer F is sent into a raw material bucket of a raw material bucket machine 101 of a feeding system a through a forklift G, then is lifted to a raw material conveying belt 102 through the raw material bucket machine 101, and is sent into a raw material bin 2 through the raw material conveying belt 102, the new desulfurizer in the raw material bin 2 is sent into an nth desulfurizer bin 5 of an nth moving bed dry tower 4 through a raw material conveyor 301 of a desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism 3, a desulfurizer bucket 302 connected with the raw material conveyor 301, and a desulfurizer conveying belt 303 connected with the desulfurizer bucket 302 in sequence, the old desulfurizer taken out from the mth desulfurizer bin 5 is sent into the mth desulfurizer bin 5 adjacent to the mth desulfurizer bin 5 again, wherein m is more than 1 and less than n, the old desulfurizer taken out from the 1 st desulfurizer bin 5 of the first moving bed dry tower 4 is conveyed to the waste bin 10 through a desulfurizer collecting and conveying mechanism 6, a gate valve 1003 at the bottom outlet of the waste bin 10 is opened, the old desulfurizer is put on a transport vehicle J of a loading platform H and conveyed to waste recovery processing by the transport vehicle J, the flue gas to be desulfurized enters from the 1 st flue gas inlet 401 of the first moving bed dry tower 4, is desulfurized by the desulfurizer in the 1 st desulfurizer bin 5, sequentially flows through each moving bed dry tower 4 and is desulfurized by the desulfurizer in each desulfurizer bin 5 of the moving bed dry tower 4, so that after multi-stage desulfurization, the sulfur in the flue gas can be fully removed, graded desulfurization is adopted, and along with the removal of the sulfur in the flue gas, the content of the sulfur in the flue gas is reduced, the desulfurizer gradually transits from the desulfurizer with high utilization rate to the desulfurizer with low utilization rate until reaching the new desulfurizer in the nth flue gas bin 5 of the nth dry tower 4, therefore, the sulfur in the flue gas can be fully and effectively removed, and the sulfur removal capability of the desulfurizer can be fully utilized.
Preferably, part of the flue gas before desulfurization and dust removal is mixed with the flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal and then discharged.
Claims (9)
1. The calcium-based moving bed full-dry type desulfurization and dust removal device comprises a feeding system, a desulfurization and dust removal system and a discharging system, wherein the feeding system comprises a raw material feeding mechanism, a raw material bin connected with the raw material feeding mechanism and a desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism connected with the raw material bin, the desulfurization and dust removal system comprises a moving bed dry tower with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet and a plurality of desulfurizer bins arranged in the moving bed dry tower, the inlet of the desulfurizer bin with an inlet bin valve of the plurality of desulfurizer bins is connected with the desulfurizer feeding port of the desulfurizer transmission and feeding mechanism, the discharging system comprises a desulfurizer collection and transmission mechanism with a desulfurizer collection port connected with the desulfurizer bin outlet with an outlet bin valve of the plurality of desulfurizer bins, a waste bin with a waste bin inlet bin valve is connected with a first waste outlet of the desulfurizer collection and transmission mechanism, and louver windows inclined towards the inside of the desulfurizer bins are arranged on the side wall of the desulfurizer bins, the desulfurizer recycling system is characterized by comprising a material returning bin and a material returning conveying mechanism, wherein a material returning bin feed inlet with a material returning inlet bin valve of the material returning bin is connected with a second waste material outlet of the desulfurizer collecting and conveying mechanism, and a material returning bin discharge outlet with a material returning outlet bin valve of the material returning bin is connected with the desulfurizer conveying and throwing mechanism through the material returning conveying mechanism.
2. The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization dust removal device comprises a feeding system, a desulfurization dust removal system and a waste material bin, wherein the feeding system comprises a raw material feeding mechanism, a raw material bin connected with the raw material feeding mechanism and a desulfurizer transmission feeding mechanism connected with the raw material bin, the desulfurization dust removal system comprises a moving bed dry tower and a desulfurizer bin, the moving bed dry tower is respectively connected with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, the desulfurizer bin is arranged in the moving bed dry tower, and the side wall of the desulfurizer bin is provided with a louver window which is inclined towards the inside of the desulfurizer bin The m flue gas inlet of the mth moving bed dry tower is connected with the m-1 flue gas outlet of the m-1 moving bed dry tower, the m desulfurizer bin outlet of the m desulfurizer bin of the mth moving bed dry tower is connected with the m-1 desulfurizer bin inlet of the m-1 desulfurizer bin of the m-1 moving bed dry tower through an m desulfurizer transmission mechanism, m is more than 1 and less than or equal to n, the 1 desulfurizer bin outlet of the 1 desulfurizer bin of the 1 moving bed dry tower is connected with the waste bin through a 1 desulfurizer transmission mechanism, and the 1 st flue gas inlet of the 1 st moving bed dry tower is the flue gas inlet of the flue gas to be desulfurized.
3. The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal device according to claim 2, wherein a guide plate is arranged between the flue gas inlet of the moving bed dry tower and the desulfurizing agent bin, a plurality of guide holes are arranged on the guide plate, and the size of each guide hole is such that the diameter of the guide hole close to the flue gas inlet is small and the diameter of the guide hole far away from the flue gas inlet is large.
4. The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a bypass flue with a gate valve is arranged between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the moving bed dry tower.
5. A calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method comprises a feeding process, a desulfurization and dust removal process for desulfurization and dust removal of flue gas and a discharging process, wherein the feeding process is to send a desulfurizer into each desulfurizer bin of a moving bed dry-method tower.
6. The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method according to claim 5, wherein the old desulfurizer in the desulfurizer silo with low utilization rate is taken out from the desulfurizer silo and then is fed into the desulfurizer silo with less excess in flue gas.
7. The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that in the desulfurization and dust removal process, flue gas sequentially flows through n desulfurizer bins of a moving bed dry tower, n =2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 … …, new desulfurizer is fed into the desulfurizer bin through which the flue gas finally flows, old desulfurizer taken out of the m-th desulfurizer bin is fed into the m-1-th desulfurizer bin adjacent to the m-th desulfurizer bin again, m is more than 1 and less than or equal to n, and old desulfurizer taken out of the desulfurizer bin through which the flue gas to be desulfurized firstly flows is fed into waste recovery treatment.
8. The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a part of the flue gas before desulfurization and dust removal is mixed with the flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal and then discharged.
9. The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method according to claim 7, wherein a part of the flue gas before desulfurization and dust removal is mixed with the flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal and then discharged.
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