CN113952334A - 一种苯并咪唑类化合物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中的应用 - Google Patents
一种苯并咪唑类化合物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113952334A CN113952334A CN202111498849.2A CN202111498849A CN113952334A CN 113952334 A CN113952334 A CN 113952334A CN 202111498849 A CN202111498849 A CN 202111498849A CN 113952334 A CN113952334 A CN 113952334A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种苯并咪唑类化合物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中的应用,本发明的苯并咪唑类化合物是一种新型的核衣壳抑制剂,能够有效抑制乙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白的组装和乙型肝炎病毒的复制。本发明提供的苯并咪唑类化合物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物和治疗乙型肝炎病毒感染相关疾病的药物中具有广阔的应用前景,解决了目前亟需有效的抗HBV药物的问题,提供了苯并咪唑类化合物在抗HBV药物中的新用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域,具体涉及一种苯并咪唑类化合物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中的应用。
背景技术
乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)属于嗜肝DNA病毒,主要通过血液和母婴途径感染人体。全球HBV慢性感染者至少有2.57亿,HBV慢性感染可以造成慢性肝炎、肝硬化和肝细胞癌等疾病。每年约100万人死于HBV感染相关的肝脏疾病。因此,治疗HBV慢性感染是事关公共健康的重要任务之一。
目前,治疗HBV慢性感染主要使用核苷(酸)类似物(如恩替卡韦,替诺福韦)和干扰素类药物。虽然核苷(酸)类似物在大多数乙型肝炎患者中表现出较强的病毒抑制效果,但无法清除感染的病毒,必须持续服用,且易产生耐药现象。干扰素治疗具有较多的副作用,患者耐受性差,因此,仅有一小部分患者适合干扰素疗法。
HBV颗粒外层由布满表面蛋白(HBsAg)的脂质包膜组成,内层由核心蛋白(Coreprotein)二聚体组装形成的衣壳(Nucleocapsid)构成,衣壳内含有松弛环状DNA基因组(rcDNA)。病毒复制时,核心蛋白在前基因组RNA(pgRNA)和病毒聚合酶形成的复合体周围组装为衣壳,病毒聚合酶在衣壳内将pgRNA反转录为rcDNA,从而形成含有rcDNA的病毒核心颗粒。核心颗粒被表面蛋白包裹,即形成完整的病毒颗粒。核心蛋白含183~185个氨基酸残基(amino acid,aa),其N末端结构域(aa1-149,Cp149)与衣壳组装相关。研究发现,Cp149可以在体外自组装,形成与患者血清中分离的核衣壳相同的二十面体样颗粒。核心蛋白可形成T=3(180个亚基)或T=4(240个亚基)两种衣壳,且T=4比T=3的衣壳更常见,占病毒衣壳的90%以上。HBV衣壳(T=4)由120个核心二聚体以疏水作用聚集而成,但二聚体间相互作用力较弱(-2.9~-4.4kcal·mol-1),可作为药物靶点。
HBV核心蛋白在病毒生命周期的多个关键步骤中发挥重要作用,研究能够抑制HBV核心蛋白组装的化合物对抗HBV感染及治疗HBV感染相关疾病具有非常重要的意义。因此,开发新型抗HBV核心蛋白组装的药物具有重要的现实需求。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决上述现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种苯并咪唑类化合物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中的应用,该苯并咪唑类化合物能够通过抑制HBV核心蛋白组装和HBV复制进而达到抗HBV病毒作用,作为治疗HBV病毒感染相关疾病的药物具有较高的活性和安全性。
根据本发明的一个方面,提出了一种苯并咪唑类化合物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中的应用,其中,所述苯并咪唑类化合物的结构式如式(I)所示:
根据本发明的一种具体的实施方式,至少具有以下有益效果:该苯并咪唑类化合物是一种新型的核衣壳抑制剂,能够有效抑制乙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白的组装和乙型肝炎病毒的复制;该化合物的有效性和安全性较高,在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物和治疗乙型肝炎病毒感染相关疾病的药物中具有广阔的应用前景。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述苯并咪唑类化合物能够抑制乙型肝炎病毒的复制。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述苯并咪唑类化合物能够抑制乙型肝炎病毒衣壳蛋白组装。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述抗乙型肝炎病毒药物为治疗和/或预防由乙型肝炎病毒引起的肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌疾病的药物。
本发明中,所用术语“治疗”,包括缓和、抑制或改善疾病的症状或状况;抑制并发症的产生:改善或预防潜在代谢综合征;抑制疾病或症状的产生,如控制疾病或情况的发展;减轻疾病或症状;使疾病或症状减退;减轻由疾病或症状引起的并发症,或预防或治疗由疾病或症状引起的征兆。如本文所用,给药后,可以使某一疾病、症状或情况得到改善,尤指其严重度得到改善,延迟发病,减缓病情进展,或减少病情持续时间。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述抗乙型肝炎病毒药物为治疗和/或预防慢性乙型肝炎的药物。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述药物的剂型为胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、口服液体制剂或注射剂。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述抗乙型肝炎病毒药物还包括所述苯并咪唑类化合物药学可接受的盐和/或辅料。
在本发明的一些优选的实施方式中,所述辅料是指药学领域常规的辅料,例如:稀释剂、赋形剂如水等,填充剂如淀粉、蔗糖等;黏合剂如纤维素衍生物、藻酸盐、明胶和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;湿润剂如甘油;崩解剂如琼脂、碳酸钙和碳酸氢钠;吸收促进剂如季铵化合物;表面活性剂如十六烷醇;吸附载体如高岭土和皂黏土;润滑剂如滑石粉、硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸镁、以及聚乙二醇等。另外还可以在组合物中加入其它辅剂如甜味剂、香味剂等。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述抗乙型肝炎病毒药物以所述苯并咪唑类化合物作为前体药物。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,其中:
图1为本发明实施例1中通过衣壳检测实验和Western blot实验观察不同浓度化合物在细胞中对HBV衣壳形成的抑制作用的实验结果示意图;
图2为本发明实施例2中通过透射电镜观察化合物对Cp149蛋白组装形成衣壳的影响的实验结果示意图;
图3为本发明实施例3中通过Southern blot观察不同浓度化合物对HBV复制抑制作用的实验结果示意图;
图4为本发明实施例4中不同浓度化合物对Huh7和HepAD38细胞的毒性作用的实验结果示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明的构思及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述,以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和效果。显然,所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,基于本发明的实施例,本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例,均属于本发明保护的范围。实施例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所使用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到的试剂和材料。
在本发明的下述实施例中使用的苯并咪唑类化合物,其英文名称为1H-Benzimidazole-ethanol,2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-α-(phenoxymethyl)-,分子式为C24H24N2O3,具体分子结构如式(I)所示:
除非另有描述,本发明的实施将采用细胞生物学等常规技术,这些均是本领域技术人员所熟知的。这些技术在诸如Bruce Alberts《细胞分子生物学》第5版(2002)等工具书中均有完整的描述,或者,可按照试剂生产商所提供的说明书进行。
下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
实施例1:化合物对HBV衣壳形成的抑制作用
本实施例通过衣壳检测实验和Western Blot实验观察不同浓度化合物在细胞中对HBV衣壳形成的抑制作用,具体过程为:
1.在24孔板中接种Huh7细胞(该Huh7细胞由中国科学院细胞库/干细胞库提供)悬液(2×105个/孔),将培养板放在培养箱中预培养12小时,细胞贴壁生长。
2.每孔使用Turbofect transfection reagent(Thermo Fisher Scientific,Waltham,USA)转染试剂2μl与1μg pCDN3/Core质粒或p1.3×HBV质粒进行转染实验,37℃培养24小时后分别加入不同浓度的式(I)化合物作用48h,进行样品收集提取。本步骤中的pCDN3/Core质粒通过构建得到,具体方法为:使用PCR结合限制性酶切与连接的方法将HBVCore cDNA序列克隆到pCDN3.1(V79520,Invitrogen)载体中。p1.3×HBV复制子质粒的构建方法为以HBV毒株(GenBank序列编号KR232337)序列为模板,用PCR结合限制性酶切的方法分步将1.3拷贝HBV基因组克隆到pUC18(Cat.3218,Takara)载体。(参考文献:Shen,Z.;Yang,H.;Yang,S.;etc.,Hepatitis B virus persistence in mice reveals IL-21andIL-33as regulators of viral clearance.Nat Commun 2017,8,(1),2119.)
3.样品收集与检测
1)细胞裂解:将转染后细胞弃上清。用预冷的PBS洗2遍,每100mm培养皿用100μl裂解缓冲液(0.5%V/V NP40,1mM EDTA,50mM NaCl,10mM Tris-HCl,pH 7.9)裂解细胞15min。收集细胞裂解液,14000g离心10min,收集上清,弃细胞残骸。
2)琼脂糖电泳:取10μl上清加入上样缓冲液,进行1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳(60V,3h)。
3)转膜:使用向下毛细管转移法,转移系统由下至上分别是:吸水纸、Parafilm膜、2层3mm滤纸、0.45μm硝酸纤维素膜、含DNA的琼脂糖凝胶、2层3mm滤纸、两端浸在TNE缓冲液里的盐桥。转膜8h以上。
4)封闭:用5%脱脂乳封闭1h。PBST(PBS+0.1%Tween20)洗膜三遍,每遍5min。
5)孵育一抗:用上述封闭液稀释anti-Core抗体(DAKO,抗体按1:1000稀释),常温孵育1h。PBST洗膜三遍,每遍5min。
6)孵育相应二抗,洗膜三遍,每遍5min。用ECL Blotting Substrate(Millpore)进行显色。结果如图1所示。
4.使用Western blot方法检测细胞中核心蛋白表达水平
1)使用SDS裂解液将细胞裂解,收集细胞裂解液,离心后取上清,加入蛋白上样缓冲液,100℃变性5min。
2)进行SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,转膜,封闭,抗体孵育,进行相应的二抗孵育后用ECL Blotting Substrate(Millpore)进行显色。结果如图1所示。
由图1结果显示,在两种细胞模型中,式(I)化合物对衣壳的形成均有抑制作用,半数抑制浓度(IC50)如图标注所示,IC50分别为2.172±0.034μM和1.817±0.04μM,随化合物浓度增加,其抑制现象越明显。化合物对总体核心蛋白水平没有影响。说明该化合物对核心蛋白组装形成衣壳(Capsid)的过程产生了影响。
实施例2:化合物对Cp149蛋白组装形成衣壳的影响
本实施例通过透射电镜观察化合物对Cp149蛋白组装形成衣壳的影响,具体过程为:
1.将原核表达的Cp149蛋白(1mg/ml)与含有150mM Hepes和15mM NaCl的溶液按1:2比例混匀,加入10μM式(I)化合物,37℃作用1h。
2.负染:用移液枪吸取20μl样本滴在150目碳膜铜网放置3-5min,然后用滤纸吸去多余液体。将2%磷钨酸滴在碳支持膜铜网放置1-2min,用滤纸吸去多余液体,室温干燥。
3.透射电子显微镜下观察,采集图像分析。结果如图2所示。
图2结果显示,与对照组相比,加药组衣壳形成明显减少(箭头所指为正常形成的衣壳),说明式(I)化合物可以抑制Cp149蛋白组装形成衣壳。
实施例3:化合物对HBV复制的抑制作用
本实施例通过Southern blot观察不同浓度化合物对HBV复制的抑制作用,具体过程为:
1.在60mm培养皿中分别接种HepAD38和Huh7细胞悬液(1×106个/皿),将培养皿放在培养箱中预培养12h,细胞贴壁生长。HepAD38为在HepG2细胞系基础上构建的可持续表达产生HBV的细胞系(参考文献:Ladner,S.K.;Otto,M.J.;Barker,C.S.;etc.,Inducibleexpression of human hepatitis B virus(HBV)in stably transfectedhepatoblastoma cells:a novel system for screening potential inhibitors of HBVreplication.Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997,41,(8),1715-20)。在HepAD38细胞培养皿分别加入不同浓度的式(I)化合物,作用48h后收集样品。
2.每皿Huh7细胞先使用Turbofect transfection reagent转染试剂12μl与6μgp1.3×HBV质粒进行转染实验,24h后再分别加入不同浓度的式(I)化合物,作用48h后收集样品。
3.提取细胞内HBV核心颗粒内的DNA
1)细胞裂解:将转染后细胞弃上清,用预冷的PBS洗2遍,每100mm培养皿用400μl裂解缓冲液(0.5%V/V NP40,1mM EDTA,50mM NaCl,10mM Tris-HCl,pH7.9)裂解细胞15min。
2)去除残余质粒和细胞基因组DNA:收集细胞裂解液,14000g离心5min,收集上清,弃细胞残骸。加入4μl 1M氯化镁,8μl 10mg/ml DNase I,37℃水浴中消化30min。
3)PEG沉淀病毒颗粒:消化产物经14000g离心,保留上清。加入12μl 0.5M EDTA和100μl 35%PEG8000/1.75M氯化钠,混匀后,4℃沉淀过夜。14000g离心10min弃上清留沉淀。
4)第二次去除残余质粒和细胞基因组DNA:将沉淀用100μl DNase I溶液重悬(1μl1M Tris-HCl,pH7.9,1μl 10mg/ml DNase I,1M氯化镁,剩余用水补平)。37℃消化30min。
5)蛋白酶K消化,去除病毒衣壳:在上述溶液中,加入300μl SDS/蛋白酶K溶液,37℃消化过夜。
6)苯酚/氯仿抽提,沉淀病毒DNA:用等体积的苯酚/氯仿抽提两次,再加入2μl20mg/ml糖原、1/10体积的3M醋酸钠(pH 5.2)溶液和等体积的异丙醇,混匀后置于-20℃沉淀过夜。15000g离心15min,弃上清,沉淀用75%乙醇洗两遍并弃尽乙醇,静置待残留乙醇挥发后,用20μl灭菌蒸馏水溶解。
4.Southern blot检测HBV复制
1)琼脂糖电泳:将提取的细胞内HBV DNA进行1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳(100V,1.5h)。
2)变性:将电泳后的凝胶置于新鲜配置的变性液(0.5M NaOH和1.5M NaCl)中,室温震荡变性1h。
3)中和:弃变性液,倒入中和液(1.5M NaCl和1M Tris-HCl,pH 7.4)中和,室温震荡中和两次,每次30min。
4)转膜:使用向下毛细管转移法,转移系统由下至上分别是:吸水纸、Parafilm膜、2层3mm滤纸、尼龙膜、含DNA的琼脂糖凝胶、2层3mm滤纸、两端浸在20×SSC缓冲液(3M NaCl和0.3M柠檬酸钠)里的盐桥。常温转膜8h以上。
5)DNA交联:转膜后,取出尼龙膜,尼龙膜用2×SSC浸泡5min,沥干多余液体,将尼龙膜置于两张滤纸之间,紫外交联90s。
6)预杂交:将膜放入杂交管中,加入杂交液5ml,42℃预杂交30min。
7)探针变性和杂交:取适量探针,于100℃金属浴变性5min,然后迅速将变性的探针放置于冰上5min。回收预杂交液,换入新鲜的杂交液5ml,加入变性好的探针,42℃杂交6~8h。
8)洗去除未结合的探针:先用2×SSC室温洗2遍,每遍5min。再用0.5×SSC,68℃洗2遍,每遍15min;
9)封闭:用Maleic acid buffer稀释10×Blocking solution至1×封闭工作液,加入适量封闭液,37℃封闭30min。
10)孵育抗体:用上述1×封闭液稀释anti-DIG AP抗体(抗体按1:10000稀释),弃封闭液并换入适量抗体孵育液,37℃孵育30min。
11)洗去未结合抗体:用washing buffer在37℃洗膜2次,每次15min。
12)显色:先用detection buffer平衡膜5min,同时用detection buffer稀释、配制1×CSPD显色液。将平衡好的尼龙膜置于Parafilm膜上,正面朝上,均匀滴加显色液,再盖一层Parafilm膜,去除尼龙膜正面的气泡和多余的显色液,避光室温放置5min,用化学发光检测仪器检测累积信号,保存结果。
实验结果如图3所示,在稳定表达HBV的HepAD38细胞系和瞬时转染HBV复制子质粒的Huh7细胞系中,式(I)化合物均可对HBV的复制产生明显抑制作用,半数抑制浓度(IC50)如图标注所示,对HepAD38细胞系IC50为2.658±0.073μM,对Huh7细胞系IC50为2.079±0.019μM,随药物浓度增加抑制效果越明显。实验结果证明该化合物对于HBV复制有较强的抑制作用,能够作为抗HBV的潜在治疗药物。
实施例4:化合物的细胞毒性实验
本实施例测试了不同浓度化合物对Huh7和HepAD38细胞的毒性作用,具体过程为:
1.在96孔板中分别接种HepAD38和Huh7细胞细胞悬液(1×104个/孔),将培养板放在培养箱中培养12h;
2.向培养孔加入不同浓度的待测化合物,对照组为溶剂DMSO,作用48h后检测化合物对细胞增殖的影响。
3.使用同仁CCK-8终点法试剂盒(ck04)。弃掉孔内多余培养基,每孔加入100μL含有10%CCK8溶液的无血清培养基;将培养板置于37℃培养箱内孵育1-4小时。
4.使用酶标仪测量450nm处的吸光度。
实验结果如图4所示,式(I)化合物对于HepAD38细胞,其半数细胞毒性浓度(CC50)为96.83μM;对于Huh7细胞,其CC50为103.1μM。说明该化合物的毒性较低,使用安全性高。
在本发明实施例中的苯并咪唑类化合物对HBV核心蛋白组装和HBV复制有明显抑制作用,可以应用于制备抗HBV药物和治疗HBV引起的慢性乙型肝炎等相关疾病。另外,在本发明揭示了式(I)化合物在治疗HBV感染引起的慢性乙型肝炎疾病的新用途,本领域技术人员在获知该启示的基础上,可以开发出以式(I)化合物为药物前体的其他抗HBV新药,以及式(I)化合物与药学上可接受载体的组合物等。
本发明主要通过体外实验评价了化学式(I)所示的苯并咪唑类化合物抗HBV的活性。体外实验主要包括该化合物抑制HBV核心蛋白的组装、抑制HBV的复制以及药物细胞毒性的测定等。本发明旨在解决目前亟需有效的抗HBV药物的问题,提供了苯并咪唑类化合物在抗HBV药物中的新用途。
上面结合附图对本发明实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明不限于上述实施例,在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。此外,在不冲突的情况下,本发明的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
Claims (8)
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述苯并咪唑类化合物能够抑制乙型肝炎病毒的复制。
3.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述苯并咪唑类化合物能够抑制乙型肝炎病毒衣壳蛋白组装。
4.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述抗乙型肝炎病毒药物为治疗和/或预防由乙型肝炎病毒引起的肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌疾病的药物。
5.如权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述抗乙型肝炎病毒药物为治疗和/或预防慢性乙型肝炎的药物。
6.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物的剂型为胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、口服液体制剂或注射剂。
7.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述抗乙型肝炎病毒药物还包括所述苯并咪唑类化合物药学可接受的盐和/或辅料。
8.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述抗乙型肝炎病毒药物以所述苯并咪唑类化合物作为前体药物。
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