CN113951031A

CN113951031A - Method for inhibiting dust generated on loose ground surface

Info

Publication number: CN113951031A
Application number: CN202111520732.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王亚利; 王雅乐; 李甜甜; 邱坤艳; 邢维芹; 李立平; 杨金龙; 梁红怡; 曹沁沁
Original assignee: Henan University of Technology
Current assignee: Henan University of Technology
Priority date: 2021-12-14
Filing date: 2021-12-14
Publication date: 2022-01-21

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for inhibiting the generation of raised dust on loose ground surface, which comprises the following steps of firstly, uniformly mixing starch paste, wheat straw scraps, sawdust, compound fertilizer, wheat seeds and water to form a protective material; spraying water on the loose ground surface to moisten a 0-10cm soil layer; then uniformly spraying the protective material to the ground surface to form a covering film; and (4) spraying water on the protective material coating film for irrigation to make the wheat seeds germinate to form a loose surface protective layer. The invention combines the wheat and the binder to form a biological film on the loose surface layer, and after wheat seeds germinate, wheat seedling vegetation can be formed on the surface, thereby effectively inhibiting surface dust, increasing soil organic matters and increasing soil fertility. The method is simple, easy to master, low in cost and good in effect, and is a novel method capable of well protecting bare soil.

Description

Method for inhibiting dust generated on loose ground surface

Technical Field

The invention relates to environmental protection, in particular to a method for inhibiting the generation of raised dust on loose ground surface.

Background

In the building construction process, due to foundation excavation and the like, a large area of loose and exposed ground surface is often formed. The long-term exposure of the ground surface to the natural environment becomes one of the important factors of the dust emission of the project area, and the quality of the atmospheric environment of the project area is reduced. Therefore, controlling the loosening of bare earth surfaces in urban areas is an important task in building construction.

The existing method for controlling the raised dust aiming at the bare ground surface mainly relies on laying a plastic dustproof net in the area. In practical use, the main disadvantages of such dust-proof measures are: (1) the cover layer is thin, the dustproof net structure is loose, a large number of pores exist, and the dustproof effect is poor. (2) The dust screen is easy to be broken, and broken plastic fragments are difficult to be recycled, so that secondary environmental pollution is caused. According to the use experience, the dust screen generally covered on the ground surface can generate an aging phenomenon in about 6 months, the construction time of a construction site is generally more than 6 months, the dust screen is gradually crushed along with the prolonging of the time, the formed fragments can pollute soil or the surrounding environment, and when the weather is strong wind, the plastic fragments can fly and dance all over the sky to cause pollution diffusion.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel method for inhibiting the dust generated on loose ground surface aiming at the defects of the existing dust screen for protecting the exposed ground surface.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention can adopt the following technical scheme:

the method for inhibiting the generation of the raise dust on the loose earth surface comprises the following steps:

firstly, uniformly mixing starch paste, wheat straw scraps, sawdust, a compound fertilizer, wheat seeds and water to form a protective material;

secondly, loosening the surface of the earth and spraying water to moisten a soil layer of 0-10 cm; then uniformly spraying the protective material to the ground surface to form a covering film;

and thirdly, spraying water on the protective material covering film for irrigation to enable the wheat seeds to germinate to form a loose covering surface protective layer.

The starch paste is prepared by adding 92-90 parts of water to 8-10 parts of starch.

The protective material is prepared from 5-6 parts of starch paste, 20-22 parts of wheat straw scraps, 2-3 parts of sawdust, 1.0-1.2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1.0-1.2 parts of wheat seeds and a proper amount of water.

Preferably, the length of the wheat straw scraps is 0.5-1cm, and the particle size of the sawdust is 1-2 mm; N-P in the compound fertilizer₂O₅-K₂The O content is 20-15-5 respectively.

In order to ensure the dust suppression effect, the spraying thickness of the film in the second step is 2 cm.

The invention has the advantages that the wheat and the binder are used together, the biological coating film is formed on the loose surface layer, and after wheat seeds germinate, wheat seedling vegetation can be formed on the surface, thereby effectively inhibiting the surface dust, increasing the soil organic matter and increasing the soil fertility. The method is simple, easy to master, low in cost and good in effect, and is a novel method capable of well protecting bare soil.

Detailed Description

The process of the present invention is described in more detail below by way of specific examples to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

The applicant selected a bare soil heap near the construction site as a test site in zhengzhou city, hannan province. The soil heap is about 12 meters high, and the side slope is about 30~32 degrees. No plants grow on the surface of the soil pile and the soil quality is loose.

The applicant selects a slope surface on one side for testing: the slope is divided into two parts with equal size, and the area of each part is 30m multiplied by 10 m. The applicant marks the plots using the method as plots a and the plots covered with the plastic dust screens as plots B.

According to the method of the invention, the applicant first prepares a protective material: taking 162 kg of starch paste, 540 kg of wheat straw scraps (the length is 0.5-1 cm), 54 kg of sawdust (the particle size is 1-2 mm), and 27 kg of compound fertilizer (N-P, a special compound fertilizer for wheat can be selected)₂O₅-K₂20-15-5O content respectively) and 27 kg of wheat seeds, and uniformly mixing the materials, and adding tap water while mixing, wherein the total water addition amount is 80 kg.

Wherein the starch paste is prepared by mixing starch and water =10:90 (parts by weight), heating to form starch paste, and cooling at ambient temperature. In the specific preparation, the starch can be sweet potato starch, corn starch, potato starch, etc.

Uniformly spraying 7m on the land A³The tap water is used for moistening the soil on the surface of the soil;

uniformly spraying all prepared protective materials on the land A by using a spray gun in 5, 10 and 5 months in 2020; meanwhile, a layer of protective net is covered on the land B, and the specification of the protective net is as follows: pore diameter of 0.1cm and weight of 120g/m²。

Spraying water to the land A at 9-10 am every day for 5 months and 11-13 days, wherein the water consumption is 2m every day³。

Wheat began to emerge successively 5 months and 14 days. Thereafter, the water spraying operation is not performed for a while due to rainfall. And after 20 days in 5 months, the height of the wheat seedlings reaches about 14-17 cm, and after 30 days in 5 months, the height of the wheat seedlings reaches about 35 cm.

Dustproof effect contrast:

soil accumulation appears on the surface of the dust screen at the partial position of the land B covered with the protective screen; in addition, due to rainfall A, B soil build-up from rain erosion occurred below both plots. On day 9, 15, the accumulated soil was collected and weighed, and the soil weight from the scour of the plots A and B was found to be 25kg and 77 kg, respectively.

And (4) respectively placing a white tray (the size of the tray is 10cm multiplied by 25 cm) at the central positions of the land A and the land B for collecting the raised dust for 17-18 days in 10 months. The collection start time was 9 am 17 days earlier and the end time was 10 am 18 days earlier. The collected dust was weighed with a 3.5 g dust weight in the a parcel tray and a 5.3 g dust weight in the B parcel tray.

Observing for 20 days after 11 months, and finding that the wheat seedlings in the plot A grow densely and are 40-50 cm high; and a small amount of plants grow in the land B, 33 dustproof net cracks exist, the length of each crack is between 5.0 and 13.5 cm, and plastic fragments of the dustproof net exist in soil.

The experiment comparison shows that the method for inhibiting the raised dust generated on the loosened ground surface achieves a good dustproof effect, does not harm the environment, forms good plant coverage on the loosened ground surface, and has high practicability and popularization value.

Claims

1. A method of inhibiting the generation of fugitive dust from a loose earth surface, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, adding water into starch paste, wheat straw scraps, sawdust, compound fertilizer and wheat seeds, and uniformly mixing to form a protective material;

2. A method of suppressing the generation of fugitive dust from a loose surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the starch paste is prepared by adding 92-90 parts of water to 8-10 parts of starch.

3. A method of suppressing the generation of fugitive dust from a loose surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the protective material is prepared from 5-6 parts of starch paste, 20-22 parts of wheat straw scraps, 2-3 parts of sawdust, 1.0-1.2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1.0-1.2 parts of wheat seeds and a proper amount of water.

4. The method of claim 3The method for inhibiting the generation of the raised dust on the loose ground surface is characterized by comprising the following steps: the length of the wheat straw scraps is 0.5-1cm, and the particle size of the sawdust is 1-2 mm; N-P in the compound fertilizer₂O₅-K₂The O content is 20-15-5 respectively.

5. A method of suppressing the generation of fugitive dust from a loose surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the spraying thickness of the covering film in the second step is 2 cm.