CN113949458A - Wide-band multichannel photon-assisted microwave signal phase-shifting device and method - Google Patents
Wide-band multichannel photon-assisted microwave signal phase-shifting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113949458A CN113949458A CN202110988303.9A CN202110988303A CN113949458A CN 113949458 A CN113949458 A CN 113949458A CN 202110988303 A CN202110988303 A CN 202110988303A CN 113949458 A CN113949458 A CN 113949458A
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- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/501—Structural aspects
- H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
- H04B10/505—Laser transmitters using external modulation
- H04B10/5053—Laser transmitters using external modulation using a parallel, i.e. shunt, combination of modulators
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- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/54—Intensity modulation
- H04B10/541—Digital intensity or amplitude modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
- H04B10/556—Digital modulation, e.g. differential phase shift keying [DPSK] or frequency shift keying [FSK]
- H04B10/5561—Digital phase modulation
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Abstract
A broadband multichannel photon-assisted microwave signal phase shifting device and method comprises a laser, a polarization multiplexing modulator, an optical filter, 1/4 wave plates, 1/2 wave plates, a polarizer and a photoelectric detector, wherein light waves emitted by the laser enter the polarization multiplexing modulator, a microwave signal is loaded on one sub-modulator on the polarization modulator, an optical signal output by the polarization multiplexing modulator is filtered and then sequentially input into a 1/4 wave plate, a 1/2 wave plate of each channel, the polarizer and the photoelectric detector, and the phase-shifted microwave signal is obtained at the output end of the photoelectric detector. The phase shifting method can realize multi-channel phase shifting on the microwave signals under the condition of keeping the amplitude of the microwave signals constant by enabling the rotation angle of the 1/4 wave plate to be 45 degrees and then adjusting the angle difference of the main shaft of the 1/2 wave plate of each channel. Compared with the existing three-ring polarization controller, the three-ring polarization controller has the advantages of large bandwidth, multiple channels, simple structure, easiness in implementation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwaves and photons, and mainly relates to a broadband multichannel photon-assisted microwave signal phase-shifting device and method.
Background
The phase regulation of microwave signals is a key unit in an orthogonal demodulation system, the typical value of the phase precision of the current voltage-controlled microwave signal phase regulation unit at the frequency of about 30GHz is only about +/-10 degrees, and the poor phase precision seriously influences the error rate of signals after an orthogonal demodulator and the like.
Compared with the traditional electric domain microwave signal phase regulation and control unit, the photon-assisted microwave signal phase regulation and control is to modulate a microwave signal onto an optical carrier, realize the regulation of the optical signal phase by utilizing the principles of polarization control, electro-optical effect, FBG filtering, SOA fast and slow light and the like, and finally complete the phase regulation and control of the microwave signal through photoelectric conversion. The characteristic of the broadband signal in the optical domain of narrowing is utilized to realize the phase regulation and control of the microwave signal with large bandwidth, high amplitude and high flatness. The photonic polarization control-based microwave signal phase control can fully exert the technical advantages of photonic assistance in the aspects of bandwidth and amplitude flatness, and is primarily technically verified in systems such as a phased array antenna and a zero intermediate frequency receiver based on orthogonal demodulation.
Various microwave signal phase regulation schemes based on photon polarization control have been reported at present, but the schemes have problems in the aspects of bandwidth, multiple channels, simple and convenient operation and the like. For example, the polarization control is realized based on a manual three-ring polarization controller, and the problem that phase values cannot be corresponded exists, so that the polarization control is difficult to be applied to an actual microwave system. Although commercial polarization controllers exist, the commercial polarization controllers all need three-stage or four-stage feedback to realize stable control of polarization, and a polarization control system is complex in structure and high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a broadband multichannel photon-assisted microwave signal phase-shifting device and method. Through the mode of combining the 1/4 wave plate, the 1/2 wave plate and the polarizer in cascade connection by optical sideband polarization multiplexing, firstly adjusting the 1/4 wave plate, then branching the wave plate into different channels, respectively connecting the 1/2 wave plate and the polarizer, and adjusting the rotation angle of the 1/2 wave plate, the phase of the microwave signal in each channel can be adjusted under the condition of keeping the amplitude of the microwave signal constant, so that the broadband polarization multiplexing polarizer has the advantages of large bandwidth, multiple channels, simple structure, easiness in implementation and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a broadband multichannel photon-assisted microwave signal phase-shifting device comprises a laser, a polarization multiplexing modulator, an optical filter, 1/4 wave plates, an optical splitter, 1/2 wave plates, a polarizer and a photoelectric detector, wherein optical carriers emitted by the laser enter the polarization multiplexing modulator, microwave signals are loaded on one sub-modulator of the polarization multiplexing modulator, and optical signals output by the polarization multiplexing modulator are input into the optical filter; the optical filter filters an optical carrier and an optical sideband of the microwave signal to form a polarization multiplexing optical signal; the polarization multiplexing optical signal passes through 1/4 wave plates and then is branched to m channels, in each channel, the branched signal sequentially passes through a 1/2 wave plate, a polarizer and a photoelectric detector, and the phase-shifted microwave signal is obtained at the output end of each photoelectric detector by adjusting the rotation angles of a 1/4 wave plate and a 1/2 wave plate.
The optical carrier output by the laser is linearly polarized.
The polarization multiplexing modulator consists of two Mach-Zehnder sub-modulators for polarization multiplexing, and a microwave signal is loaded on one Mach-Zehnder sub-modulator with direct current bias at a minimum point to form an upper optical sideband and a lower optical sideband; the other Mach-Zehnder modulator is not loaded with microwave signals, and the direct current bias is at the maximum point.
The polarization multiplexing optical signal is composed of two optical signals with orthogonal polarization directions, wherein one polarization direction is an optical carrier, and the other polarization direction is an optical sideband of a microwave signal.
The laser, the polarization multiplexing modulator, the optical filter, the 1/4 wave plate, the 1/2 wave plate, the polarizer and the photodetector are connected through polarization-maintaining optical fibers.
A phase shift method of a broadband multichannel photon-assisted microwave signal phase shift device comprises the following steps:
rotating 1/4 wave plate to make its principal axis and polarization direction of polarization multiplexing optical signal form an included angle of 45 degrees;
1/2 wave plates in each channel are rotated to ensure that the angle difference between the main axis of the 1/2 wave plate and the main axis of the 1/4 wave plate in the n-th channel after rotation is betanThe microwave signal can be phase-shifted by 2 theta under the condition of keeping the amplitude of the microwave signal constantpol+π/2-4βnWherein thetapolA polarizing angle fixed for the polarizer; n is an element of [1, m ∈]。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a broadband multi-channel photon-assisted microwave signal phase-shifting apparatus provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a waveform of microwave signals under different phase manipulation provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates the power of microwave signals under different phase manipulation provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 shows the power of the phase-shifted microwave signal at different frequencies according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment includes: the device comprises a laser, a polarization multiplexing modulator, an optical filter, an 1/4 wave plate, a 1/2 wave plate, a polarizer and a photoelectric detector.
The optical carrier (linearly polarized light) emitted by the laser enters the polarization multiplexing modulator, the microwave signal is loaded on the polarization multiplexing modulator, the polarization multiplexing modulator is composed of two Mach-Zehnder sub-modulators in a polarization multiplexing mode, and the microwave signal is loaded on one of the Mach-Zehnder sub-modulators working at the minimum point to form an upper optical sideband and a lower optical sideband. The other Mach-Zehnder modulator is not loaded with microwave signals and works at the maximum point. And then filtering out the polarization multiplexing optical signal by using an optical filter, wherein the polarization multiplexing optical signal consists of two optical signals with orthogonal polarization directions, one of the polarization directions is an optical carrier, and the other polarization direction is an optical sideband of the microwave signal.
The polarization multiplexing optical signal passes through 1/4 wave plates in sequence, then is shunted to different channels, is input into 1/2 wave plates, a polarizer and a photoelectric detector in sequence in each channel, and finally a phase-shifted microwave signal is obtained at the output end of the photoelectric detector. The rotation angles of the 1/4 wave plate and the 1/2 wave plate can be adjusted at will, and the polarizing direction of the polarizer is fixed.
A broadband multichannel photon-assisted microwave signal phase-shifting method comprises the following steps:
firstly, 1/4 wave plates are rotated until the amplitude power of microwave signals is maximum after the photoelectric detector is observed, and at the moment, an included angle alpha of 45 degrees is formed between the 1/4 wave plates and the polarization multiplexing optical signals;
under the condition that an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the 1/4 wave plates and the polarization multiplexing optical signal, the angle of the 1/2 wave plate in each channel is rotated, so that the angle difference between the principal axis of the 1/2 wave plate and the principal axis of the 1/4 wave plate in the n-th channel after rotation is betanI.e. the microwave signal is phase-shifted by 2 theta under the condition of keeping the amplitude of the microwave signal constantpol+π/2-4βnWherein thetaPolThe polarizing angle is fixed for the polarizer.
The invention utilizes the structure of the wave plate cascade combined polarizer, fixes the angle of the 1/4 wave plate firstly, and then only needs to rotate the angle of the 1/2 wave plate to realize the phase shift of the microwave signal, and has the advantages of simple operation and easy realization.
The invention can realize the multi-channel phase shift of microwave signals under the condition of not influencing the multi-channel amplitude-frequency response by branching behind the 1/2 wave plate and respectively connecting the 1/2 wave plate and the polarizer.
FIG. 2 shows the equation when θpolWhen the angle difference between the principal axis of the 1/2 wave plate and the principal axis of the 1/4 wave plate is 0 °, 11.25 °, 22.5 ° and 45 ° in sequence at-pi/4, as shown in fig. 2, the phases of the microwave signals are 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 180 °, respectively.
FIG. 3 is a curve showing the variation of the power of the microwave signal with phase shift, as shown in FIG. 3, when the 1/4 wave plate rotates by 45 degrees, the power of the microwave signal is substantially unchanged at different phase shift angles. Therefore, the scheme has no influence on the amplitude of the microwave signal under the condition of realizing continuous adjustment of the microwave signal.
FIG. 4 is a curve of the power of the microwave signal varying with frequency, and as shown in FIG. 4, the method can achieve phase shifting of the 9-40GHz microwave signal, and the power of the microwave signal is substantially unchanged at different frequencies. Therefore, the scheme has the advantage of wide working frequency band.
Compared with the existing microwave signal phase-shifting technology, the invention has the following advantages:
Compared with the existing three-ring polarization controller, the method can realize the adjustment of the phase of the microwave signal only by adjusting one variable, and has the advantages of large bandwidth, multiple channels, simple structure, easy realization and the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Claims (6)
1. A broadband multichannel photon-assisted microwave signal phase-shifting device is characterized in that: the microwave-assisted polarization multiplexing device comprises a laser, a polarization multiplexing modulator, an optical filter, an 1/4 wave plate, an optical splitter, a 1/2 wave plate, a polarizer and a photoelectric detector, wherein an optical carrier wave emitted by the laser enters the polarization multiplexing modulator, a microwave signal is loaded on one sub-modulator of the polarization multiplexing modulator, and an optical signal output by the polarization multiplexing modulator is input into the optical filter; the optical filter filters an optical carrier and an optical sideband of the microwave signal to form a polarization multiplexing optical signal; the polarization multiplexing optical signal passes through 1/4 wave plates and then is branched to m channels, in each channel, the branched signal sequentially passes through a 1/2 wave plate, a polarizer and a photoelectric detector, and the phase-shifted microwave signal is obtained at the output end of each photoelectric detector by adjusting the rotation angles of a 1/4 wave plate and a 1/2 wave plate.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein: the optical carrier output by the laser is linearly polarized.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein: the polarization multiplexing modulator consists of two Mach-Zehnder sub-modulators for polarization multiplexing, and a microwave signal is loaded on one Mach-Zehnder sub-modulator with direct current bias at a minimum point to form an upper optical sideband and a lower optical sideband; the other Mach-Zehnder modulator is not loaded with microwave signals, and the direct current bias is at the maximum point.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein: the polarization multiplexing optical signal is composed of two optical signals with orthogonal polarization directions, wherein one polarization direction is an optical carrier, and the other polarization direction is an optical sideband of a microwave signal.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein: the laser, the polarization multiplexing modulator, the optical filter, the 1/4 wave plate, the 1/2 wave plate, the polarizer and the photodetector are connected through polarization-maintaining optical fibers.
6. The phase shifting method of the wide-band multi-channel photon-assisted microwave signal phase shifting device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
rotating 1/4 wave plate to make its principal axis and polarization direction of polarization multiplexing optical signal form an included angle of 45 degrees;
1/2 wave plates in each channel are rotated to ensure that the angle difference between the main axis of the 1/2 wave plate and the main axis of the 1/4 wave plate in the n-th channel after rotation is betanThe microwave signal can be phase-shifted by 2 theta under the condition of keeping the amplitude of the microwave signal constantpol+π/2-4βnWherein thetapolA polarizing angle fixed for the polarizer; n is an element of [1, m ∈]。
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