CN113948736B - Mixed energy system of liquid fuel cell and internal combustion engine and working method - Google Patents
Mixed energy system of liquid fuel cell and internal combustion engine and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113948736B CN113948736B CN202110988387.6A CN202110988387A CN113948736B CN 113948736 B CN113948736 B CN 113948736B CN 202110988387 A CN202110988387 A CN 202110988387A CN 113948736 B CN113948736 B CN 113948736B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04738—Temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/04873—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2201/00—Fuels
- F02B2201/02—Liquid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed energy system of a liquid fuel cell and an internal combustion engine, which comprises a heat management subsystem, a fuel supply subsystem, a fuel cell subsystem and an internal combustion engine subsystem. The fuel cell and the internal combustion engine take liquid fuel as common working medium, the liquid fuel is directly converted into power generation in the fuel cell, and the power generation tail liquid enters the internal combustion engine to perform combustion work, so that the cooperative energy supply of the power generation of the fuel cell and the work of the internal combustion engine is realized, and the working method of the mixed energy system of the liquid fuel cell and the internal combustion engine is also provided. The invention has remarkable practical value and performance advantages. On one hand, the fuel battery subsystem and the internal combustion engine subsystem share one set of fuel supply subsystem, so that the beneficial effects of simplifying the system structure and increasing the volume ratio power can be achieved; on the other hand, the heat management subsystem uses the heat generated in the direct liquid fuel cell for reactant preheating, so that the beneficial effects of reducing parasitic energy consumption and improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hybrid energy systems, and particularly relates to a hybrid energy system of a fuel cell and an internal combustion engine by utilizing liquid fuel and a working method thereof.
Background
The fuel cell is considered as a novel energy conversion technology, can convert chemical energy stored in fuel into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, zero emission, low operation noise, low maintenance cost and the like. Common direct liquid fuel cell fuels include methanol, formic acid, methylcyclohexane, gasoline, and the like. Wherein, the products of partial liquid fuel (such as methylcyclohexane, gasoline, diesel oil and the like) generated by the fuel cell have higher heat value and can be further combusted and utilized.
An internal combustion engine is a heat engine that directly converts heat energy emitted by fuel that burns inside the machine into power. Internal combustion engines in a broad sense include not only reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, rotary piston engines and free piston engines, but also rotary vane gas turbines, jet engines and the like. Of which piston-type internal combustion engines are most common. The piston type internal combustion engine mixes fuel and air, burns in a cylinder thereof, and releases heat energy to generate high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas in the cylinder. The gas expands to push the piston to apply work, and then the crank-link mechanism or other mechanisms output mechanical work to drive the driven machinery to work.
Most of the existing energy systems are independently powered by batteries and internal combustion power, and the batteries and the internal combustion engine are respectively provided with an independent fuel supply system, so that the energy system is large in size and complex in structure. In order to meet the requirements of miniaturization and intellectualization of future energy systems and realize efficient, safe and sustainable energy supply, a hybrid energy system with power-electric power combination, multi-energy complementation, high efficiency and intelligence needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks and provide a hybrid energy system for a liquid fuel cell and an internal combustion engine, comprising a thermal management subsystem, a fuel supply subsystem, a fuel cell subsystem and an internal combustion engine subsystem. The fuel cell and the internal combustion engine take liquid fuel as common working medium, the liquid fuel is directly converted into power generation in the fuel cell, and the power generation tail liquid enters the internal combustion engine to perform combustion work, so that the cooperative energy supply of the power generation of the fuel cell and the work of the internal combustion engine is realized. The invention also provides a working method of the hybrid energy system of the liquid fuel cell and the internal combustion engine. The invention has remarkable practical value and performance advantages. On one hand, the fuel battery subsystem and the internal combustion engine subsystem share one set of fuel supply subsystem, so that the beneficial effects of simplifying the system structure and increasing the volume ratio power can be achieved; on the other hand, the heat management subsystem uses the heat generated in the direct liquid fuel cell for reactant preheating, so that the beneficial effects of reducing parasitic energy consumption and improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system can be achieved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a liquid fuel cell and internal combustion engine hybrid energy system comprising a thermal management subsystem, a fuel supply subsystem, a fuel cell subsystem and an internal combustion engine subsystem;
the fuel supply subsystem delivers liquid fuel to the thermal management subsystem; collecting power generation tail liquid of the fuel cell subsystem, and conveying the power generation tail liquid to the internal combustion engine subsystem;
the heat management subsystem heats heat conduction oil and conveys the heat conduction oil to the fuel cell in the starting stage of the hybrid energy system to enable the fuel cell to reach the starting temperature, and directly conveys the heat conduction oil to the fuel cell as a cooling medium in the running stage of the hybrid energy system to ensure the stability of the running temperature of the fuel cell; the heat management subsystem heats the fuel input by the fuel supply subsystem and the air input by the outside to the inlet temperature of the fuel cell and conveys the fuel to the fuel cell;
the fuel cell subsystem comprises a fuel cell, a standby battery and an electric energy output circuit, wherein the standby battery supplies power to a heater of the thermal management subsystem to heat conduction oil to a temperature higher than the starting temperature of the battery in the starting stage, the fuel cell utilizes the heated conduction oil input by the thermal management subsystem to reach the starting temperature, receives air and liquid fuel heated by the thermal management subsystem, outputs electric energy to the outside through the electric energy output circuit after operation, stores the electric energy which is not utilized to the standby battery, and transmits power generation tail liquid to the fuel supply subsystem;
the internal combustion engine subsystem receives tail liquid input by the fuel supply subsystem and air input by the outside, and outputs kinetic energy to the outside after operation.
Further, the thermal management subsystem comprises a heat conducting oil storage tank, a heater and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger comprises an air side heat exchanger and a fuel side heat exchanger;
the heat conduction oil storage tank is used for supplying heat conduction oil;
heating heat conducting oil by using a heater in the starting stage of the energy system;
and the heater is closed in the operation stage of the energy system, and the heat in the fuel cell is carried out by using the heat conducting oil as a cooling medium, so that the heat reaches the air side heat exchanger and the fuel side heat exchanger in sequence. In the air side heat exchanger, air enters the heat exchanger from the outside, and heat transfer oil exchanges heat with the air in the heat exchanger to enable the air to reach the temperature of the cathode inlet of the fuel cell; in the fuel side heat exchanger, fuel enters the heat exchanger from the fuel supply subsystem, and heat transfer oil exchanges heat with the fuel in the heat exchanger to enable the fuel to reach the anode inlet temperature of the fuel cell.
Furthermore, the heat conducting oil of the thermal management subsystem is used as a cooling medium to carry out heat in the fuel cell in the operation stage, the heat conducting oil is returned to the heat conducting oil storage tank after the temperature of the heat conducting oil is reduced by twice heat exchange, and then the heat conducting oil is used as the cooling medium to enter the fuel cell again.
Further, the electric energy output circuit realizes the output of different voltages through a DC/DC converter.
Further, the standby power supply of the fuel cell subsystem supplies power to the heater of the thermal management subsystem in a starting stage, stores electric energy generated by the fuel cell and not utilized by the load in an operating stage, supplies power to the fuel cell in parallel when the power output requirement is increased, converts the electric energy into kinetic energy through the DC/AC and the alternating current motor when the power output requirement is increased, and realizes kinetic energy output together with the internal combustion engine subsystem.
Further, the thermal management subsystem heats the thermal oil to a temperature above the start-up temperature of the fuel cell and delivers the thermal oil to the fuel cell during the start-up phase of the hybrid energy system.
Further, the liquid fuel includes methylcyclohexane, gasoline, diesel fuel, etc. which can generate electricity by a fuel cell and can continue to burn after the electricity is generated.
Further, the heat conducting oil of the thermal management subsystem comprises liquid with a freezing point lower than room temperature, a boiling point higher than the operating temperature of the fuel cell, and high thermal conductivity (the thermal conductivity is higher than 100 mW/(m "k) at the operating temperature of the fuel cell) and low viscosity (the viscosity is lower than 0.5 mPa" s), such as triethylene glycol.
A method of operating a hybrid energy system for a liquid fuel cell and an internal combustion engine, comprising the steps of:
(1) A backup battery of the fuel cell subsystem powers a heater of the thermal management subsystem;
(2) The heat management subsystem heats heat conducting oil and conveys the heat conducting oil to the fuel cell, so that the fuel cell reaches the starting temperature;
(3) The fuel cell receives the heated air and liquid fuel input by the thermal management subsystem, outputs electric energy to the outside after operation, outputs tail liquid to the fuel supply subsystem, and stores unused electric energy to the standby battery; in the operation process, the heat management subsystem directly conveys the heat conduction oil as a cooling medium to the fuel cell, and the operation ensures the stability of the operation temperature of the fuel cell;
(4) The internal combustion engine subsystem receives tail liquid input by the fuel supply subsystem and air input by the outside, and outputs kinetic energy to the outside after running.
Further, in the method of operation, the thermal management subsystem includes a heater and a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger including an air side heat exchanger and a fuel side heat exchanger; in the step (2), the heater is used for heating the heat conduction oil, in the step (3), in the operation process, the heater is closed, the heat conduction oil is used as a cooling medium to carry out heat in the fuel cell, the heat is exchanged with air and fuel sequentially through the air side heat exchanger and the fuel side heat exchanger, the air is heated to the cathode inlet temperature of the fuel cell after passing through the heat exchanger, and the fuel is heated to the anode inlet temperature of the fuel cell after passing through the heat exchanger.
In the step (3), heat in the fuel cell is carried out by the heat conducting oil serving as a cooling medium in the operation process, the temperature of the heat conducting oil is reduced by twice heat exchange, and the heat conducting oil returns to the heat conducting oil storage tank and then enters the fuel cell again as the cooling medium.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) In the mixed energy system of the liquid fuel cell and the internal combustion engine, the fuel cell and the internal combustion engine take the liquid fuel as a common working medium, the liquid fuel is directly converted into power generation in the fuel cell, and the power generation tail liquid enters the internal combustion engine to perform combustion work, so that the cooperative energy supply of the power generation of the fuel cell and the work of the internal combustion engine is realized; the fuel cell subsystem and the internal combustion engine subsystem share one set of fuel supply subsystem, so that the beneficial effects of simplifying the system structure and reducing the system volume can be achieved;
(2) In the mixed energy system of the liquid fuel cell and the internal combustion engine, the heat management subsystem uses the heat generated in the direct liquid fuel cell for preheating reactants, so that the beneficial effects of reducing parasitic energy consumption and improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system can be achieved;
(3) The mixed energy system of the liquid fuel cell and the internal combustion engine is particularly suitable for various transportation tools with rated power within 50kW, including buses, trucks, unmanned aerial vehicles and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid energy system of a liquid fuel cell and an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and clear from the following detailed description of the invention.
The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
The invention aims to solve the problems of independent energy supply, huge volume and complex structure of the battery and the internal combustion power of the existing energy system, and realize the efficient and continuous supply of energy, thereby providing a mixed energy system of a fuel battery and an internal combustion engine by utilizing liquid fuel.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a fuel cell and internal combustion engine hybrid energy system utilizing liquid fuel comprising a thermal management subsystem, a fuel supply subsystem, a fuel cell power subsystem and an internal combustion engine subsystem, the hybrid energy system comprising two distinct phases of operation: a start-up phase and an operational phase.
The thermal management subsystem preheats the fuel cell stack during a start-up phase, cools the fuel cell stack during an operational phase, and preheats the reactants of the fuel cell stack with heat carried away from the stack. The fuel supply subsystem firstly sends the liquid fuel into the fuel cell subsystem, after dehydrogenation and power generation in the fuel cell stack, sends the tail liquid into the internal combustion engine subsystem to burn and do work, so that the liquid fuel becomes the common working medium of the fuel cell and the internal combustion engine. The fuel cell subsystem converts chemical energy into electric energy to realize electric power output, and the internal combustion engine subsystem burns tail liquid of the fuel cell and converts heat energy into kinetic energy to realize power output. The surplus electric energy of the fuel cell can be coupled with the kinetic energy of the internal combustion engine through the DC/AC and the alternating current motor, so that the cooperative energy supply of the power generation of the fuel cell and the work of the internal combustion engine is realized. The specific composition of the four subsystems is as follows:
thermal management subsystem: the heat exchanger mainly comprises a heat conduction oil storage tank, a heater and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger type comprises a sleeve type heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube type heat exchanger, a cross-flow heat exchanger, a plate type heat exchanger and the like. The heat conducting oil in the starting stage of the energy system is heated by a heater and then enters a thermal management loop of the fuel cell stack as a heating medium, so that the stack is preheated to the starting temperature; and in the operation stage of the energy system, the heater is closed, the heat conducting oil is used as a cooling medium to enter a thermal management loop of the electric pile, heat generated by the electric pile reaction is taken out, the liquid fuel flowing through the electric pile exchanges heat with air at the cathode inlet of the electric pile and fuel at the anode inlet of the electric pile sequentially through two heat exchangers, and the air and the fuel are heated to the inlet temperature required by the electric pile. The heat conducting oil returns to the heat conducting oil storage tank after heat exchange and temperature reduction, and then enters the fuel cell again as a cooling medium.
A fuel supply subsystem: the device mainly comprises a liquid fuel storage tank, a power generation tail liquid storage tank and a fuel conveying unit. The liquid fuel is delivered to the thermal management subsystem for preheating and then enters the fuel cell, and the power generation tail liquid of the fuel cell is collected and then delivered to the internal combustion engine subsystem.
A fuel cell subsystem: mainly comprises a standby battery, a fuel battery, DC/DC, DC/AC, an alternating current motor and a fuel battery control unit. The backup battery includes an energy storage battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, such as a lithium battery. The fuel cell is preheated to the starting temperature by utilizing the heat conduction oil of the thermal management subsystem in the starting stage, receives the air and fuel preheated by the thermal management subsystem in the running stage to generate power, and realizes power supply of different voltages through DC/DC.
An internal combustion engine subsystem: mainly comprises an internal combustion engine electric control unit and an internal combustion engine. Internal combustion engines include, but are not limited to, piston internal combustion engines, rotary impeller gas turbines, jet engines, and the like. The tail liquid and air of power generation are burnt in the internal combustion engine and output kinetic energy outwards.
Liquid fuels include methylcyclohexane, gasoline and diesel fuel, etc., which can be generated by a fuel cell and can continue to burn after power generation. The heat-conducting oil comprises liquid such as triethylene glycol with a freezing point lower than room temperature, a boiling point higher than the operating temperature of the fuel cell, and a high thermal conductivity (the thermal conductivity is higher than 100 mW/(m & ltk & gt) and the viscosity is low (the viscosity is lower than 0.5mPa & lts & gt) at the operating temperature of the fuel cell).
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a hybrid energy system of a liquid fuel cell and an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
For the thermal management subsystem, the working process is divided into two stages: (1) In the starting stage of the hybrid energy system, a heater is started, and normal-temperature heat conduction oil in a heat conduction oil storage tank of the heat management subsystem is heated by the heater and then used as heating medium to enter a heat management loop of a fuel cell stack in the fuel cell subsystem, so that the stack is preheated to the starting temperature of 160-200 ℃. (2) In the operation stage of the hybrid energy system, the heater is closed, heat conduction oil in the heat conduction oil storage tank is used as a cooling medium to enter a thermal management loop of the electric pile, heat generated by the electric pile reaction is taken out, the stability of the operation temperature of the electric pile is ensured, and the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet of the cooling medium is controlled at 10 ℃ to ensure the uniformity of the temperature in the electric pile. The heat conducting oil flowing through the galvanic pile exchanges heat with the air at the cathode inlet and the fuel at the anode inlet in sequence through the heat exchanger, and the air and the fuel are heated to be more than 120 ℃ from the normal temperature of 25 ℃. And returning the heat conducting oil subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction to a heat conducting oil storage tank, and then taking the heat conducting oil as a cooling medium to enter the fuel cell again. And for the fuel supply subsystem, the normal-temperature fuel in the liquid fuel storage tank is heated by the thermal management subsystem and then enters a fuel loop of the electric pile to react, and the tail liquid after dehydrogenation and power generation enters the internal combustion engine to be further combusted and utilized. The fuel supply subsystem is common to both the fuel cell and the internal combustion engine, and the flow of liquid fuel into the internal combustion engine is primarily limited by the fuel cell.
For a fuel cell subsystem, during the start-up phase, a backup battery is required to power the heater of the thermal management subsystem to a start-up temperature. In the operating phase, for a 10kW direct liquid fuel cell with an output power, the operating temperature point is about 160-200 c and about 10kW of heat is generated in the stack. The liquid fuel at the anode inlet and the air at the cathode inlet are heated by the cooling medium (the heat of the cooling medium comes from the pile itself), so that continuous operation can be ensured without external supply of additional heat, and continuous output of electric power can be realized through DC/DC. The surplus electric energy of the fuel cell can be stored in a standby power supply, and is used for supplying power in parallel with the fuel cell when the electric power demand increases, and the cooperative energy supply of the power generation of the fuel cell and the work of the internal combustion engine is realized through the kinetic energy coupling of the DC/AC and the alternating current motor and the internal combustion engine when the power output demand increases.
For the internal combustion engine subsystem, the fuel is liquid fuel tail liquid after dehydrogenation and power generation of the fuel cell, so that the output of kinetic energy is completely limited by the power generation of the fuel cell. Taking a piston type internal combustion engine as an example, fuel and air are combusted in a cylinder after being mixed, high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas is generated to push a piston to do work, and mechanical work is output through a crank-link mechanism or other mechanisms, so that continuous output of kinetic energy is realized. The mechanical power output by the internal combustion engine of the fuel cell with the matched output power of 10kW is about 30kW.
The invention has been described in detail in connection with the specific embodiments and exemplary examples thereof, but such description is not to be construed as limiting the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
What is not described in detail in the present specification is a well known technology to those skilled in the art.
Claims (11)
1. A hybrid energy system of a liquid fuel cell and an internal combustion engine, comprising a thermal management subsystem, a fuel supply subsystem, a fuel cell subsystem and an internal combustion engine subsystem;
the fuel supply subsystem delivers liquid fuel to the thermal management subsystem; collecting power generation tail liquid of the fuel cell subsystem, and conveying the power generation tail liquid to the internal combustion engine subsystem;
the heat management subsystem heats heat conduction oil and conveys the heat conduction oil to the fuel cell in the starting stage of the hybrid energy system to enable the fuel cell to reach the starting temperature, and directly conveys the heat conduction oil to the fuel cell as a cooling medium in the running stage of the hybrid energy system to ensure the stability of the running temperature of the fuel cell; the heat management subsystem heats the liquid fuel input by the fuel supply subsystem and the air input by the outside to the inlet temperature of the fuel cell and conveys the liquid fuel and the air to the fuel cell;
the fuel cell subsystem comprises a fuel cell, a standby battery and an electric energy output circuit, wherein the standby battery supplies power for the thermal management subsystem in a starting stage, the fuel cell utilizes heated heat conduction oil input by the thermal management subsystem to reach a starting temperature, receives heated air and liquid fuel input by the thermal management subsystem, outputs electric energy to the outside through the electric energy output circuit after operation, and stores the unused electric energy into the standby battery, and power generation tail liquid is conveyed to the fuel supply subsystem;
the internal combustion engine subsystem receives tail liquid input by the fuel supply subsystem and air input by the outside, and outputs kinetic energy to the outside after running;
the liquid fuel can generate electricity through the fuel cell and can continue to burn after the electricity is generated;
the liquid fuel is directly converted into power generation in the fuel cell, and the power generation tail liquid enters the internal combustion engine to perform combustion work;
the power generation tail liquid is a product of the liquid fuel after discharge reaction in the fuel cell.
2. The hybrid energy system of a liquid fuel cell and internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the thermal management subsystem comprises a heater, an air side heat exchanger, and a fuel side heat exchanger;
heating heat conducting oil by using a heater in the starting stage of the energy system;
closing a heater in the operation stage of the energy system, taking heat in the fuel cell by using heat conduction oil as a cooling medium, enabling the heat to reach an air side heat exchanger and a fuel side heat exchanger in sequence, enabling air to enter the heat exchanger from the outside, and enabling the heat conduction oil and the air to exchange heat in the air side heat exchanger to enable the air to reach the cathode inlet temperature of the fuel cell; the fuel enters the fuel side heat exchanger from the fuel supply subsystem, and heat transfer oil exchanges heat with the fuel in the fuel side heat exchanger to enable the fuel to reach the anode inlet temperature of the fuel cell.
3. A hybrid energy system of a liquid fuel cell and an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat transfer oil of the thermal management subsystem is used as a cooling medium to carry heat out of the fuel cell in the operation stage, and the heat transfer oil is subjected to heat exchange twice to reduce the temperature of the heat transfer oil and then returns to the thermal management subsystem, and then is used as the cooling medium to enter the fuel cell again.
4. A hybrid energy system of a liquid fuel cell and an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the electric power output circuit realizes outputs of different voltages through a DC/DC converter.
5. The hybrid power system of claim 4, wherein the backup power source of the fuel cell subsystem provides power to the thermal management subsystem during the start-up phase, and wherein the backup power source stores power generated by the fuel cell that is not utilized by the load during the run-up phase, and is supplied in parallel with the fuel cell when the power output demand increases, and converts the power to kinetic energy via the DC/AC and AC electric motor when the power output demand increases, and is used in conjunction with the internal combustion engine subsystem to achieve kinetic energy output.
6. A hybrid energy system for a liquid fuel cell and internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said thermal management subsystem heats the thermal oil to a temperature above the start-up temperature of the fuel cell and delivers it to the fuel cell during the start-up phase of the hybrid energy system.
7. A liquid fuel cell and internal combustion engine hybrid energy system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid fuel comprises a fuel which can be generated by the fuel cell and which can continue to burn after the generation of electricity; the liquid fuel is methylcyclohexane or gasoline and diesel oil.
8. The hybrid energy system of a liquid fuel cell and internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive oil of the thermal management subsystem has a freezing point below room temperature and a boiling point above the fuel cell operating temperature at which the thermal conductivity is greater than 100 mW/(m-k) and the viscosity is less than 0.5 mPa-s; the heat conducting oil is triethylene glycol.
9. A method of operating a hybrid energy system for a liquid fuel cell and an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
(1) A backup battery of the fuel cell subsystem powers the thermal management subsystem;
(2) The heat management subsystem heats heat conducting oil and conveys the heat conducting oil to the fuel cell, so that the fuel cell reaches the starting temperature;
(3) The fuel cell receives the heated air and liquid fuel input by the thermal management subsystem, outputs electric energy to the outside after operation, outputs tail liquid to the fuel supply subsystem, and stores unused electric energy to the standby battery; in the operation process, the heat management subsystem directly conveys the heat conduction oil as a cooling medium to the fuel cell, and the operation ensures the stability of the operation temperature of the fuel cell;
(4) The internal combustion engine subsystem receives tail liquid input by the fuel supply subsystem and air input by the outside, and outputs kinetic energy to the outside after running.
10. The method of operating a hybrid energy system for a liquid fuel cell and an internal combustion engine of claim 9, wherein the thermal management subsystem comprises a heater, an air side heat exchanger, and a fuel side heat exchanger; in the step (2), the heater is used for heating the heat conduction oil, in the step (3), in the operation process, the heater is closed, the heat conduction oil is used as a cooling medium to carry out heat in the fuel cell, the heat is exchanged with air and fuel sequentially through the air side heat exchanger and the fuel side heat exchanger, the air is heated to the cathode inlet temperature of the fuel cell after passing through the heat exchanger, and the fuel is heated to the anode inlet temperature of the fuel cell after passing through the heat exchanger.
11. The method according to claim 9, wherein in the step (3), the heat conducting oil used as the cooling medium in the operation process brings out the heat in the fuel cell, the heat is returned to the thermal management subsystem after the temperature of the heat is reduced by two heat exchanges, and the heat is then re-used as the cooling medium to enter the fuel cell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110988387.6A CN113948736B (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2021-08-26 | Mixed energy system of liquid fuel cell and internal combustion engine and working method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110988387.6A CN113948736B (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2021-08-26 | Mixed energy system of liquid fuel cell and internal combustion engine and working method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113948736A CN113948736A (en) | 2022-01-18 |
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| JP2003184666A (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-07-03 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Vehicle mounting internal combustion engine and fuel cell |
| CN109823157A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-31 | 清华大学 | A kind of hybrid power system and its coupling operation method |
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| CN102110827B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Thermal management method for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell system |
| CN109935855B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2021-11-16 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Operation method of reforming fuel cell system |
| CN108357343A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-03 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | The power supply method and vehicle of a kind of hybrid power system, hybrid power system |
| CN109686998A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-26 | 广东索特能源科技有限公司 | Association circulating power generation system based on the cooling fuel cell of gas turbine |
| CN110077221B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2021-05-28 | 西安交通大学 | Solid oxide fuel cell and internal combustion engine combined power system and operation method thereof |
| CN111933977A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-11-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Fuel cell-turbocharged internal combustion engine hybrid power generation system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5899175A (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1999-05-04 | Procyon Power Systems, Inc. | Hybrid electric-combustion power plant |
| JP2003184666A (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-07-03 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Vehicle mounting internal combustion engine and fuel cell |
| CN109823157A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-31 | 清华大学 | A kind of hybrid power system and its coupling operation method |
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