CN113945764B - System and method for measuring dielectric constant of substance under composite field condition - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量系统和方法，通过磁场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的磁场；通过电场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的电场；磁场生成模块与电场生成模块套合在一起，在内部形成复合场环境，且磁场模块测试孔和电场模块测试孔对准；通过测试探头穿过测试孔进入复合场环境探测待测物；通过矢量网络分析仪根据测试探头测得的信号计算待测物的复介电常数。本发明考虑物质处于某种电场和磁场均存在的复合场环境中对特定电磁场的响应，在测试时构建相应的复合场环境，实现了在特定复合场环境中测量物质的复介电常数，为复合场环境工程应用下特定介电常数物质的选定与应用提供了更准确的依据。
This application relates to a system and method for measuring the dielectric constant of materials under composite field conditions. The magnetic field generation module generates a magnetic field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; the electric field generation module generates an electric field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; a magnetic field. The generation module and the electric field generation module are integrated together to form a composite field environment internally, and the test holes of the magnetic field module and the test holes of the electric field module are aligned; the test probe is passed through the test hole and enters the composite field environment to detect the object under test; the object under test is detected through the vector network The analyzer calculates the complex dielectric constant of the object under test based on the signal measured by the test probe. This invention considers the response of a substance to a specific electromagnetic field in a composite field environment in which both electric and magnetic fields exist, constructs a corresponding composite field environment during testing, and realizes the measurement of the complex dielectric constant of the substance in a specific composite field environment, as It provides a more accurate basis for the selection and application of specific dielectric constant materials in composite field environmental engineering applications.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及介电常数测量技术领域，特别是涉及一种复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量系统和方法。The present application relates to the technical field of dielectric constant measurement, and in particular to a system and method for measuring the dielectric constant of substances under composite field conditions.
背景技术Background technique
复介电常数是物质重要的电磁参数，是物质固有的特性参数之一。不同的物质，相同的物质在不同的状态均会体现在复介电常数上，科学研究和工程应用通常需要测量物质的复介电常数来研究物质本身的特性或者物质的状态。通常复介电常数的测量是由探针、探头等测量器来完成的，通过校准过程来消除测试环境、测试系统等对结果的影响，但校准之后的测量结果与应用于工程中的物质的复介电常数依然存在较大误差。因此，现有技术存在适应性不佳的问题。The complex dielectric constant is an important electromagnetic parameter of matter and one of the inherent characteristic parameters of matter. Different substances and the same substance in different states will be reflected in the complex dielectric constant. Scientific research and engineering applications usually need to measure the complex dielectric constant of the substance to study the characteristics of the substance itself or the state of the substance. Usually, the measurement of complex dielectric constant is done by measuring instruments such as probes and probes. The influence of test environment, test system, etc. on the results is eliminated through the calibration process. However, the measurement results after calibration are different from those of materials used in engineering. There is still a large error in the complex permittivity. Therefore, the existing technology has the problem of poor adaptability.
发明内容Contents of the invention
基于此，有必要针对上述技术问题，提供一种能够在特定复合场环境下测量物质复介电常数的复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量系统和方法。Based on this, it is necessary to address the above technical problems and provide a dielectric constant measurement system and method for materials under composite field conditions that can measure the complex dielectric constant of materials in a specific composite field environment.
一种复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量系统，所述系统包括：磁场生成模块、电场生成模块、测试探头和矢量网络分析仪；A dielectric constant measurement system for materials under composite field conditions, the system includes: a magnetic field generation module, an electric field generation module, a test probe and a vector network analyzer;
所述磁场生成模块用于根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的磁场；所述磁场生成模块包括磁场模块测试孔；The magnetic field generation module is used to generate a magnetic field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; the magnetic field generation module includes a magnetic field module test hole;
所述电场生成模块用于根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的电场；所述电场生成模块包括电场模块测试孔；所述磁场生成模块与所述电场生成模块套合在一起，在内部形成复合场环境，且所述磁场模块测试孔和所述电场模块测试孔对准；The electric field generation module is used to generate an electric field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; the electric field generation module includes an electric field module test hole; the magnetic field generation module is integrated with the electric field generation module to form a composite field inside environment, and the magnetic field module test hole and the electric field module test hole are aligned;
所述测试探头用于通过测试孔进入所述复合场环境探测待测物；所述测试探头的另一端与所述矢量网络分析仪连接；The test probe is used to enter the composite field environment through the test hole to detect the object under test; the other end of the test probe is connected to the vector network analyzer;
所述矢量网络分析仪用于根据所述测试探头测得的信号计算所述待测物的复介电常数。The vector network analyzer is used to calculate the complex dielectric constant of the object under test based on the signal measured by the test probe.
其中一个实施例中，系统还包括：测试盒；当所述待测物为非固体时，所述测试盒用于容纳非固体待测物。In one embodiment, the system further includes: a test box; when the object to be tested is non-solid, the test box is used to accommodate the non-solid object to be tested.
其中一个实施例中，所述磁场生成模块还包括：第一线圈、第二线圈、薄介质筒、第一功率放大器和第一震荡电路；In one embodiment, the magnetic field generation module further includes: a first coil, a second coil, a thin dielectric cylinder, a first power amplifier and a first oscillation circuit;
所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈布设在所述薄介质筒外表面；所述磁场模块测试孔位于所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈中间；The first coil and the second coil are arranged on the outer surface of the thin dielectric cylinder; the magnetic field module test hole is located between the first coil and the second coil;
所述第一震荡电路用于产生所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈的激励电流；The first oscillator circuit is used to generate excitation current for the first coil and the second coil;
所述第一功率放大器用于对所述激励电流进行功率放大。The first power amplifier is used to power amplify the excitation current.
其中一个实施例中，所述电场生成模块还包括：第二震荡电路、第二功率放大器和波导结构；In one embodiment, the electric field generation module further includes: a second oscillation circuit, a second power amplifier and a waveguide structure;
所述第二震荡电路用于产生高频震荡信号；The second oscillation circuit is used to generate a high-frequency oscillation signal;
所述第二功率放大器用于对所述高频震荡信号进行功率放大；The second power amplifier is used to power amplify the high-frequency oscillation signal;
所述波导结构包括上金属面、下金属面；所述电场模块测试孔位于所述上金属板上；所述波导结构用于生成垂直所述上金属面和所述下金属面的电场矢量分布。The waveguide structure includes an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface; the electric field module test hole is located on the upper metal plate; the waveguide structure is used to generate an electric field vector distribution perpendicular to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface. .
其中一个实施例中，所述电场生成模块还包括：同轴电缆和SMA接头；In one embodiment, the electric field generation module further includes: a coaxial cable and an SMA connector;
所述同轴电缆一端连接所述第二功率放大器，另一端连接所述SMA接头；One end of the coaxial cable is connected to the second power amplifier, and the other end is connected to the SMA connector;
所述SMA接头的外导体与所述上金属面连接，所述SMA接头的内芯延长形成馈电探针，以在所述波导结构中激励起垂直所述上金属面和所述下金属面的电场矢量分布。The outer conductor of the SMA connector is connected to the upper metal surface, and the inner core of the SMA connector is extended to form a feed probe to excite the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface vertically in the waveguide structure. electric field vector distribution.
一种复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量方法，所述方法包括：A method for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under composite field conditions, the method includes:
通过磁场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的磁场；所述磁场生成模块包括磁场模块测试孔；The magnetic field generation module generates a magnetic field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; the magnetic field generation module includes a magnetic field module test hole;
通过电场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的电场；所述电场生成模块包括电场模块测试孔；所述磁场生成模块与所述电场生成模块套合在一起，在内部形成复合场环境，且所述磁场模块测试孔和所述电场模块测试孔对准；The electric field generation module generates an electric field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; the electric field generation module includes an electric field module test hole; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are integrated together to form a composite field environment inside, and The magnetic field module test hole and the electric field module test hole are aligned;
通过测试探头穿过测试孔进入所述复合场环境探测待测物；所述测试探头的另一端与矢量网络分析仪连接；The object under test is detected by passing the test probe through the test hole into the composite field environment; the other end of the test probe is connected to the vector network analyzer;
通过所述矢量网络分析仪根据所述测试探头测得的信号计算所述待测物的复介电常数。The vector network analyzer calculates the complex dielectric constant of the object under test based on the signal measured by the test probe.
在其中一个实施例中，所述磁场生成模块还包括：第一线圈、第二线圈、薄介质筒、第一功率放大器和第一震荡电路；In one embodiment, the magnetic field generation module further includes: a first coil, a second coil, a thin dielectric cylinder, a first power amplifier and a first oscillation circuit;
通过所述第一震荡电路产生所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈的激励电流；所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈布设在所述薄介质筒外表面；所述磁场模块测试孔位于所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈中间；The excitation current of the first coil and the second coil is generated by the first oscillation circuit; the first coil and the second coil are arranged on the outer surface of the thin dielectric cylinder; the magnetic field module test hole Located between the first coil and the second coil;
通过所述第一功率放大器对所述激励电流进行功率放大。The excitation current is power amplified by the first power amplifier.
在其中一个实施例中，所述电场生成模块还包括：第二震荡电路、第二功率放大器和波导结构；In one embodiment, the electric field generation module further includes: a second oscillation circuit, a second power amplifier and a waveguide structure;
通过所述第二震荡电路产生高频震荡信号；A high-frequency oscillation signal is generated through the second oscillation circuit;
通过所述第二功率放大器对所述高频震荡信号进行功率放大；Power amplify the high-frequency oscillation signal through the second power amplifier;
通过所述波导结构生成垂直所述上金属面和所述下金属面的电场矢量分布；所述波导结构包括上金属面、下金属面；所述电场模块测试孔位于所述上金属板上。The electric field vector distribution perpendicular to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface is generated through the waveguide structure; the waveguide structure includes an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface; the electric field module test hole is located on the upper metal plate.
在其中一个实施例中，在通过测试探头穿过测试孔进入所述复合场环境探测待测物之前，还包括：In one of the embodiments, before the test probe passes through the test hole and enters the composite field environment to detect the object under test, the method further includes:
利用已知复介电常数的材料对测量系统进行校准，得到测试探头端口的特性导纳；Calibrate the measurement system using materials with known complex dielectric constants to obtain the characteristic admittance of the test probe port;
将待测物通过所述测试孔放入所述复合场环境中；当所述探测物为非固体时，将非固体待测物放入测试盒后放入所述复合场环境中。The object to be tested is placed into the composite field environment through the test hole; when the detection object is non-solid, the non-solid object to be tested is placed into the test box and then placed into the composite field environment.
在其中一个实施例中，还包括：通过所述矢量网络分析仪获取所述测试探头测得的信号；In one of the embodiments, the method further includes: obtaining the signal measured by the test probe through the vector network analyzer;
根据所述测试探头测得的信号得到所述待测物的反射系数；Obtain the reflection coefficient of the object under test according to the signal measured by the test probe;
根据所述特性导纳和所述反射系数得到所述待测物的复介电常数。The complex dielectric constant of the object to be measured is obtained based on the characteristic admittance and the reflection coefficient.
上述复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量系统和方法，通过磁场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的磁场；通过电场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的电场；磁场生成模块与电场生成模块套合在一起，在内部形成复合场环境，且磁场模块测试孔和电场模块测试孔对准；通过测试探头穿过测试孔进入复合场环境探测待测物；测试探头的另一端与矢量网络分析仪连接；通过矢量网络分析仪根据测试探头测得的信号计算待测物的复介电常数。本发明考虑物质处于某种电场和磁场均存在的复合场环境中对特定电磁场的响应，在测试时构建相应的复合场环境，实现了在特定复合场环境中测量物质的复介电常数，为复合场环境工程应用下特定介电常数物质的选定与应用提供了更准确的依据。The above-mentioned dielectric constant measurement system and method of materials under composite field conditions uses a magnetic field generation module to generate a magnetic field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; an electric field generation module generates an electric field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field The generation modules are put together to form a composite field environment internally, and the test holes of the magnetic field module and the test holes of the electric field module are aligned; the test probe is passed through the test hole into the composite field environment to detect the object under test; the other end of the test probe is connected to the vector Network analyzer connection; calculate the complex dielectric constant of the object under test based on the signal measured by the test probe through the vector network analyzer. This invention considers the response of a substance to a specific electromagnetic field in a composite field environment in which both electric and magnetic fields exist, constructs a corresponding composite field environment during testing, and realizes the measurement of the complex dielectric constant of the substance in a specific composite field environment, as It provides a more accurate basis for the selection and application of specific dielectric constant materials in composite field environmental engineering applications.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为一个实施例中磁场生成模块示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic field generation module in an embodiment;
图2为一个实施例中电场生成模块示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an electric field generation module in an embodiment;
图3为一个实施例中电场生成模块激励结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the excitation structure of the electric field generation module in one embodiment;
图4为一个实施例中复合场环境生成；Figure 4 shows the generation of a composite field environment in one embodiment;
图5为一个实施例中复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量方法的流程示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under composite field conditions in one embodiment;
图6为一个具体实施例中终端开路同轴探头测量介电常数示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of dielectric constant measurement using an open-terminal coaxial probe in a specific embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
一种复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量系统，所述系统包括：磁场生成模块、电场生成模块、测试探头和矢量网络分析仪；A dielectric constant measurement system for materials under composite field conditions, the system includes: a magnetic field generation module, an electric field generation module, a test probe and a vector network analyzer;
磁场生成模块用于根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的磁场；磁场生成模块包括磁场模块测试孔；The magnetic field generation module is used to generate a magnetic field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; the magnetic field generation module includes a magnetic field module test hole;
电场生成模块用于根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的电场；电场生成模块包括电场模块测试孔；磁场生成模块与电场生成模块套合在一起，在内部形成复合场环境，且磁场模块测试孔和电场模块测试孔对准；The electric field generation module is used to generate an electric field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; the electric field generation module includes the electric field module test hole; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are integrated together to form a composite field environment internally, and the magnetic field module test hole and Electric field module test hole alignment;
测试探头用于通过测试孔进入复合场环境探测待测物；测试探头的另一端与矢量网络分析仪连接；矢量网络分析仪用于根据测试探头测得的信号计算待测物的复介电常数。The test probe is used to enter the composite field environment through the test hole to detect the object under test; the other end of the test probe is connected to the vector network analyzer; the vector network analyzer is used to calculate the complex dielectric constant of the object under test based on the signal measured by the test probe .
通过磁场生成模块和电场生成模块联合构建特定的复合场环境，包括磁场强度B、磁场频率fB、电场强度E和电场频率fE，随后将待测物质放在环境中进行测试，测试过程包括校准、测量和数据处理等过程。A specific composite field environment is jointly constructed through the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module, including magnetic field intensity B, magnetic field frequency f B , electric field intensity E and electric field frequency f E , and then the substance to be tested is placed in the environment for testing. The testing process includes Calibration, measurement and data processing processes.
其中一个实施例中，系统还包括：测试盒；如果待测物为液体、凝胶等非固体，则需要将待测物质装入测试盒中，再放入环境中进行测试。In one embodiment, the system also includes a test box; if the substance to be tested is a liquid, gel or other non-solid matter, the substance to be tested needs to be put into the test box and then placed into the environment for testing.
测试盒是一个薄介质片构成的小型无盖容器，例如正方体，圆柱体等，其大小能轻易放入电场生成模块或磁场生成模块。测试时，将测试盒放入复合场环境中，探头通过测试孔进入复合场环境，并与待测物体接触，并测试。The test box is a small lidless container made of thin dielectric sheets, such as a cube, cylinder, etc., and its size can easily be placed in the electric field generation module or magnetic field generation module. During the test, the test box is placed into the composite field environment, the probe enters the composite field environment through the test hole, and comes into contact with the object to be tested and tested.
其中一个实施例中，磁场生成模块还包括：第一线圈、第二线圈、薄介质筒、第一功率放大器和第一震荡电路；第一线圈和第二线圈布设在薄介质筒外表面；磁场模块测试孔位于第一线圈和第二线圈中间；第一震荡电路用于产生第一线圈和第二线圈的激励电流；第一功率放大器用于对激励电流进行功率放大。In one embodiment, the magnetic field generation module further includes: a first coil, a second coil, a thin dielectric cylinder, a first power amplifier and a first oscillation circuit; the first coil and the second coil are arranged on the outer surface of the thin dielectric cylinder; the magnetic field The module test hole is located between the first coil and the second coil; the first oscillation circuit is used to generate the excitation current of the first coil and the second coil; the first power amplifier is used to amplify the power of the excitation current.
具体地，磁场生成模块是根据测试需要产生特定频率fB和强度B的磁场。如图1所示，为磁场生成模块的结构示意图，线圈1和线圈2为磁场的激励线圈，布设于一个薄介质筒外表面，线圈1和线圈2有一个测试孔，用于测试探头伸入支撑通内部。两个线圈的绕线方向相同，输入电流方向相同时，激励起相同方向的磁场。线圈1和线圈2间隔距离较短，其间隔距离只需要满足测量探头伸入即可，因此线圈1和线圈2产生的磁场可以叠加。震荡电路产生线圈1和线圈2的激励电流，且根据磁场环境的强度要求B对其进行功率放大。震荡电路可以产生高频震荡信号，可以调节其震荡信号的频率，以满足磁场频率fB。Specifically, the magnetic field generation module generates a magnetic field with a specific frequency f B and intensity B according to test needs. As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic structural diagram of the magnetic field generation module. Coil 1 and coil 2 are the excitation coils of the magnetic field and are arranged on the outer surface of a thin dielectric cylinder. Coil 1 and coil 2 have a test hole for the test probe to extend into. Support through the interior. The winding directions of the two coils are the same, and when the input currents are in the same direction, magnetic fields in the same direction are excited. The separation distance between coil 1 and coil 2 is short, and the separation distance only needs to be enough for the measurement probe to extend in, so the magnetic fields generated by coil 1 and coil 2 can be superimposed. The oscillation circuit generates the excitation current of coil 1 and coil 2, and amplifies its power according to the strength requirements of the magnetic field environment B. The oscillation circuit can generate a high-frequency oscillation signal, and the frequency of its oscillation signal can be adjusted to meet the magnetic field frequency f B .
其中一个实施例中，电场生成模块还包括：第二震荡电路、第二功率放大器、波导结构、同轴电缆和SMA接头；第二震荡电路用于产生高频震荡信号；第二功率放大器用于对高频震荡信号进行功率放大；波导结构包括上金属面、下金属面；电场模块测试孔位于上金属板上；同轴电缆一端连接第二功率放大器，另一端连接SMA接头；SMA接头的外导体与上金属面连接，SMA接头的内芯延长形成馈电探针，以在波导结构中激励起垂直上金属面和下金属面的电场矢量分布。In one embodiment, the electric field generation module also includes: a second oscillation circuit, a second power amplifier, a waveguide structure, a coaxial cable and an SMA connector; the second oscillation circuit is used to generate a high-frequency oscillation signal; the second power amplifier is used to Amplify the power of high-frequency oscillating signals; the waveguide structure includes an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface; the electric field module test hole is located on the upper metal plate; one end of the coaxial cable is connected to the second power amplifier, and the other end is connected to the SMA connector; the outer part of the SMA connector The conductor is connected to the upper metal surface, and the inner core of the SMA connector is extended to form a feed probe to excite the electric field vector distribution perpendicular to the upper and lower metal surfaces in the waveguide structure.
具体地，电场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率fE和强度E的电场。如图2所示，震荡电路产生频率为的高频信fE号，由功率放大器放大，以保证电场生成模块得到强度为E的电场。放大之后的电信号用同轴电缆连接至由上下两个金属板组成的波导结构，金属板上留有测试孔，同轴电缆连接至波导结构两端垂直上下平面的SMA接头，SMA接头外导体与上金属面连接，SMA接头内芯延长形成馈电探针，在波导结构中激励起垂直上下两个金属面的电场矢量分布，如图3所示。Specifically, the electric field generation module generates an electric field with a specific frequency f E and intensity E according to test needs. As shown in Figure 2, the oscillation circuit generates a high-frequency signal f with frequency E , which is amplified by the power amplifier to ensure that the electric field generation module obtains an electric field with intensity E. The amplified electrical signal is connected to a waveguide structure composed of two upper and lower metal plates with a coaxial cable. Test holes are left on the metal plate. The coaxial cable is connected to the SMA connectors on the vertical upper and lower planes at both ends of the waveguide structure. The outer conductor of the SMA connector Connected to the upper metal surface, the inner core of the SMA connector is extended to form a feed probe, which excites the electric field vector distribution of the two vertical upper and lower metal surfaces in the waveguide structure, as shown in Figure 3.
复合场环境生成由磁场生成模块和电场生成模块共同完成，磁场生成模块和电场生成模块需要组装在一起，如图4所示，将磁场生成模块穿过电场生成模块，使两个模块的测试孔对准。The generation of the composite field environment is completed by the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module. The magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module need to be assembled together. As shown in Figure 4, the magnetic field generation module is passed through the electric field generation module to make the test holes of the two modules alignment.
在一个实施例中，如图5所示，提供了一种复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量方法，包括以下步骤：In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, a method for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under composite field conditions is provided, including the following steps:
步骤502，通过磁场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的磁场；磁场生成模块包括磁场模块测试孔。Step 502: Generate a magnetic field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs through the magnetic field generation module; the magnetic field generation module includes a magnetic field module test hole.
步骤504，通过电场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的电场；电场生成模块包括电场模块测试孔；磁场生成模块与电场生成模块套合在一起，在内部形成复合场环境，且磁场模块测试孔和电场模块测试孔对准。Step 504: Generate an electric field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs through the electric field generation module; the electric field generation module includes an electric field module test hole; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are integrated together to form a composite field environment internally, and the magnetic field module is tested The hole is aligned with the test hole of the electric field module.
步骤506，通过测试探头穿过测试孔进入复合场环境探测待测物；测试探头的另一端与矢量网络分析仪连接。Step 506: Pass the test probe through the test hole into the composite field environment to detect the object under test; the other end of the test probe is connected to the vector network analyzer.
步骤508，通过矢量网络分析仪根据测试探头测得的信号计算待测物的复介电常数。Step 508: Calculate the complex dielectric constant of the object under test based on the signal measured by the test probe using a vector network analyzer.
复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量是在复合场环境中进行的，其复合场环境是由磁场生成模块和电场生成模块共同产生，待测物置于复合场环境中，如待测物为非固体物质，则将待测物装入测试盒后置于复合场环境中。如图6所示，测试物质复介电常数是通过终端开口同轴探头来完成的，探头穿过磁场生成模块和电场生成模块的测试孔，直接与待测物接触，另一端通过同轴线缆与矢量网络分析仪连接，从而测得待测物的反射系数，通过计算可以得到待测物的复介电常数。The dielectric constant measurement of materials under composite field conditions is carried out in a composite field environment. The composite field environment is jointly generated by the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module. The object to be measured is placed in the composite field environment. If the object to be measured is not For solid substances, put the object to be tested into the test box and place it in the compound field environment. As shown in Figure 6, the complex dielectric constant of the test material is measured through a coaxial probe with an open terminal. The probe passes through the test holes of the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module and directly contacts the object under test. The other end passes through the coaxial line. The cable is connected to the vector network analyzer to measure the reflection coefficient of the object under test, and the complex dielectric constant of the object under test can be obtained through calculation.
上述复合场条件下物质的介电常数测量系统和方法，通过磁场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的磁场；通过电场生成模块根据测试需要产生特定频率和强度的电场；磁场生成模块与电场生成模块套合在一起，在内部形成复合场环境，且磁场模块测试孔和电场模块测试孔对准；通过测试探头穿过测试孔进入复合场环境探测待测物；测试探头的另一端与矢量网络分析仪连接；通过矢量网络分析仪根据测试探头测得的信号计算待测物的复介电常数。本发明考虑物质处于某种电场和磁场均存在的复合场环境中对特定电磁场的响应，在测试时构建相应的复合场环境，实现了在特定复合场环境中测量物质的复介电常数，为复合场环境工程应用下特定介电常数物质的选定与应用提供了更准确的依据。The above-mentioned dielectric constant measurement system and method of materials under composite field conditions uses a magnetic field generation module to generate a magnetic field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; an electric field generation module generates an electric field of specific frequency and intensity according to test needs; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field The generation modules are put together to form a composite field environment internally, and the test holes of the magnetic field module and the test holes of the electric field module are aligned; the test probe is passed through the test hole into the composite field environment to detect the object under test; the other end of the test probe is connected to the vector Network analyzer connection; calculate the complex dielectric constant of the object under test based on the signal measured by the test probe through the vector network analyzer. This invention considers the response of a substance to a specific electromagnetic field in a composite field environment in which both electric and magnetic fields exist, constructs a corresponding composite field environment during testing, and realizes the measurement of the complex dielectric constant of the substance in a specific composite field environment, as It provides a more accurate basis for the selection and application of specific dielectric constant materials in composite field environmental engineering applications.
在其中一个实施例中，磁场生成模块还包括：第一线圈、第二线圈、薄介质筒、第一功率放大器和第一震荡电路；通过第一震荡电路产生第一线圈和第二线圈的激励电流；第一线圈和第二线圈布设在薄介质筒外表面；磁场模块测试孔位于第一线圈和第二线圈中间；通过第一功率放大器对激励电流进行功率放大。In one embodiment, the magnetic field generation module further includes: a first coil, a second coil, a thin dielectric cylinder, a first power amplifier, and a first oscillation circuit; the first oscillation circuit generates excitation of the first coil and the second coil. current; the first coil and the second coil are arranged on the outer surface of the thin dielectric cylinder; the magnetic field module test hole is located between the first coil and the second coil; the excitation current is amplified through the first power amplifier.
在其中一个实施例中，电场生成模块还包括：第二震荡电路、第二功率放大器和波导结构；通过第二震荡电路产生高频震荡信号；通过第二功率放大器对高频震荡信号进行功率放大；通过波导结构生成垂直上金属面和下金属面的电场矢量分布；波导结构包括上金属面、下金属面；电场模块测试孔位于上金属板上。In one embodiment, the electric field generation module further includes: a second oscillation circuit, a second power amplifier and a waveguide structure; a high-frequency oscillation signal is generated through the second oscillation circuit; and the high-frequency oscillation signal is amplified through the second power amplifier. ; The electric field vector distribution perpendicular to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface is generated through the waveguide structure; the waveguide structure includes the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface; the electric field module test hole is located on the upper metal plate.
在其中一个实施例中，在通过测试探头穿过测试孔进入复合场环境探测待测物之前，还包括：利用已知复介电常数的材料对测量系统进行校准，得到测试探头端口的特性导纳；将待测物通过测试孔放入复合场环境中；当探测物为非固体时，将非固体待测物放入测试盒后放入复合场环境中。In one embodiment, before passing the test probe through the test hole into the composite field environment to detect the object under test, it also includes: calibrating the measurement system using a material with a known complex dielectric constant to obtain the characteristic guide of the test probe port. Na; put the object to be tested into the composite field environment through the test hole; when the detection object is non-solid, put the non-solid object to be tested into the test box and then put it into the composite field environment.
在其中一个实施例中，还包括：通过矢量网络分析仪获取测试探头测得的信号；根据测试探头测得的信号得到待测物的反射系数；根据特性导纳和反射系数得到待测物的复介电常数。In one of the embodiments, the method further includes: obtaining the signal measured by the test probe through a vector network analyzer; obtaining the reflection coefficient of the object under test according to the signal measured by the test probe; obtaining the reflection coefficient of the object under test according to the characteristic admittance and reflection coefficient. Complex dielectric constant.
在一个具体实施例中，在复合场条件下测量物质的介电常数的步骤如下：In a specific embodiment, the steps of measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under composite field conditions are as follows:
(1)系统及探头校准(1) System and probe calibration
利用已知复介电常数的材料，如水、特定浓度的盐水、胶木等材料来对系统及探头进行校准，得到探头端口的特性导纳Yc。Use materials with known complex dielectric constants, such as water, salt water with a specific concentration, bakelite and other materials, to calibrate the system and probe, and obtain the characteristic admittance Y c of the probe port.
(2)测试待测物的反射系统(2) Test the reflection system of the object under test
将待测物放入复合场环境中，用探头对待测物进行测量，得到探头端口与待测物之间的反射系数Γin。Put the object under test into the composite field environment, use the probe to measure the object under test, and obtain the reflection coefficient Γ in between the probe port and the object under test.
(3)通过反射系数求待测物的复介电常数(3) Calculate the complex dielectric constant of the object to be measured through the reflection coefficient
已知探头端口的特性导纳Yc和反射系数Γin，由得到等效的输入导纳Yin。，Yin是待测物复介电常数εr的函数，待测物复介电常数可以由Yin＝jωCf+jωC0εr得到，其中，Cf表示同轴探头终端边缘的容值，C0表示无待测物时的电容值。The characteristic admittance Y c and reflection coefficient Γ in of the probe port are known, given by Obtain the equivalent input admittance Y in . , Y in is a function of the complex dielectric constant ε r of the object under test. The complex dielectric constant of the object under test can be obtained by Y in ＝jωC f +jωC 0 ε r , where C f represents the capacitance value of the terminal edge of the coaxial probe. , C 0 represents the capacitance value when there is no object under test.
应该理解的是，虽然图5的流程图中的各个步骤按照箭头的指示依次显示，但是这些步骤并不是必然按照箭头指示的顺序依次执行。除非本文中有明确的说明，这些步骤的执行并没有严格的顺序限制，这些步骤可以以其它的顺序执行。而且，图5中的至少一部分步骤可以包括多个子步骤或者多个阶段，这些子步骤或者阶段并不必然是在同一时刻执行完成，而是可以在不同的时刻执行，这些子步骤或者阶段的执行顺序也不必然是依次进行，而是可以与其它步骤或者其它步骤的子步骤或者阶段的至少一部分轮流或者交替地执行。It should be understood that although each step in the flowchart of FIG. 5 is shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated in this article, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in Figure 5 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but may be executed at different times. The execution of these sub-steps or stages The sequence is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or sub-steps of other steps or at least part of the stages.
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. To simplify the description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, all possible combinations should be used. It is considered to be within the scope of this manual.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-described embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
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