CN113945764A - System and method for measuring dielectric constant of substance under composite field condition - Google Patents
System and method for measuring dielectric constant of substance under composite field condition Download PDFInfo
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application relates to a system and a method for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under a composite field condition, wherein a magnetic field with specific frequency and strength is generated by a magnetic field generating module according to the test requirement; generating an electric field with specific frequency and strength according to test requirements through an electric field generating module; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are sleeved together, a composite field environment is formed inside the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module, and the magnetic field module test hole and the electric field module test hole are aligned; the object to be tested is detected by a test probe penetrating through the test hole and entering the composite field environment; and calculating the complex dielectric constant of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe through a vector network analyzer. The invention considers the response of the substance to the specific electromagnetic field in the compound field environment with both the electric field and the magnetic field, constructs the corresponding compound field environment during the test, realizes the measurement of the complex dielectric constant of the substance in the specific compound field environment, and provides more accurate basis for the selection and the application of the specific dielectric constant substance in the compound field environment engineering application.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of dielectric constant measurement, in particular to a system and a method for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under a composite field condition.
Background
The complex dielectric constant is an important electromagnetic parameter of a substance and is one of characteristic parameters inherent to the substance. Different substances, the same substance in different states all can be reflected in complex dielectric constant, and scientific research and engineering applications generally need to measure the complex dielectric constant of a substance to research the characteristics of the substance itself or the state of the substance. Usually, the measurement of the complex dielectric constant is accomplished by a measuring device such as a probe or a probe, and the influence of a test environment, a test system and the like on the result is eliminated through a calibration process, but a large error still exists between the measurement result after the calibration and the complex dielectric constant of a substance applied in engineering. Therefore, the prior art has the problem of poor adaptability.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a system and a method for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under a complex field condition, which can measure the complex dielectric constant of the substance under a specific complex field environment.
A system for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under complex field conditions, the system comprising: the device comprises a magnetic field generating module, an electric field generating module, a test probe and a vector network analyzer;
the magnetic field generating module is used for generating a magnetic field with specific frequency and strength according to the test requirement; the magnetic field generation module comprises a magnetic field module test hole;
the electric field generating module is used for generating an electric field with specific frequency and strength according to test requirements; the electric field generation module comprises an electric field module test hole; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are sleeved together, a composite field environment is formed inside the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module, and the magnetic field module test hole is aligned with the electric field module test hole;
the test probe is used for entering the composite field environment through the test hole to detect an object to be tested; the other end of the test probe is connected with the vector network analyzer;
the vector network analyzer is used for calculating the complex dielectric constant of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises: a test cartridge; when the object to be tested is a non-solid object, the test box is used for containing the non-solid object to be tested.
In one embodiment, the magnetic field generation module further comprises: the device comprises a first coil, a second coil, a thin medium cylinder, a first power amplifier and a first oscillating circuit;
the first coil and the second coil are arranged on the outer surface of the thin medium cylinder; the magnetic field module test hole is positioned between the first coil and the second coil;
the first oscillating circuit is used for generating excitation currents of the first coil and the second coil;
the first power amplifier is used for amplifying the power of the exciting current.
In one embodiment, the electric field generating module further comprises: a second oscillating circuit, a second power amplifier and a waveguide structure;
the second oscillating circuit is used for generating a high-frequency oscillating signal;
the second power amplifier is used for amplifying the power of the high-frequency oscillation signal;
the waveguide structure comprises an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface; the electric field module test hole is positioned on the upper metal plate; the waveguide structure is used for generating electric field vector distribution perpendicular to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface.
In one embodiment, the electric field generating module further comprises: a coaxial cable and an SMA connector;
one end of the coaxial cable is connected with the second power amplifier, and the other end of the coaxial cable is connected with the SMA connector;
and the outer conductor of the SMA joint is connected with the upper metal surface, and the inner core of the SMA joint is extended to form a feed probe so as to excite the electric field vector distribution vertical to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface in the waveguide structure.
A method of measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under complex field conditions, the method comprising:
generating a magnetic field with specific frequency and strength according to test requirements through a magnetic field generating module; the magnetic field generation module comprises a magnetic field module test hole;
generating an electric field with specific frequency and strength according to test requirements through an electric field generating module; the electric field generation module comprises an electric field module test hole; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are sleeved together, a composite field environment is formed inside the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module, and the magnetic field module test hole is aligned with the electric field module test hole;
the object to be tested is detected by a test probe penetrating through the test hole and entering the composite field environment; the other end of the test probe is connected with the vector network analyzer;
and calculating the complex dielectric constant of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe through the vector network analyzer.
In one embodiment, the magnetic field generation module further comprises: the device comprises a first coil, a second coil, a thin medium cylinder, a first power amplifier and a first oscillating circuit;
generating excitation currents of the first coil and the second coil through the first oscillating circuit; the first coil and the second coil are arranged on the outer surface of the thin medium cylinder; the magnetic field module test hole is positioned between the first coil and the second coil;
the drive current is power amplified by the first power amplifier.
In one embodiment, the electric field generating module further comprises: a second oscillating circuit, a second power amplifier and a waveguide structure;
generating a high-frequency oscillation signal through the second oscillation circuit;
performing power amplification on the high-frequency oscillation signal through the second power amplifier;
generating an electric field vector distribution perpendicular to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface through the waveguide structure; the waveguide structure comprises an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface; the electric field module test hole is positioned on the upper metal plate.
In one embodiment, before the object to be tested is tested by the test probe passing through the test hole and entering the composite field environment, the method further comprises the following steps:
calibrating the measuring system by using a material with a known complex dielectric constant to obtain the characteristic admittance of the port of the test probe;
putting an object to be tested into the composite field environment through the test hole; and when the detection object is a non-solid object, putting the non-solid object to be detected into the test box and then putting the non-solid object to be detected into the compound field environment.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: acquiring a signal measured by the test probe through the vector network analyzer;
obtaining the reflection coefficient of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe;
and obtaining the complex dielectric constant of the object to be measured according to the characteristic admittance and the reflection coefficient.
The system and the method for measuring the dielectric constant of the substance under the condition of the composite field generate a magnetic field with specific frequency and strength according to the test requirement through the magnetic field generating module; generating an electric field with specific frequency and strength according to test requirements through an electric field generating module; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are sleeved together, a composite field environment is formed inside the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module, and the magnetic field module test hole and the electric field module test hole are aligned; the object to be tested is detected by a test probe penetrating through the test hole and entering the composite field environment; the other end of the test probe is connected with the vector network analyzer; and calculating the complex dielectric constant of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe through a vector network analyzer. The invention considers the response of the substance to the specific electromagnetic field in the compound field environment with both the electric field and the magnetic field, constructs the corresponding compound field environment during the test, realizes the measurement of the complex dielectric constant of the substance in the specific compound field environment, and provides more accurate basis for the selection and the application of the specific dielectric constant substance in the compound field environment engineering application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic field generation module in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electric field generation module in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an excitation structure of an electric field generation module according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a composite field environment generation in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under complex field conditions according to one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an open ended coaxial probe measuring dielectric constant in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
A system for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under complex field conditions, the system comprising: the device comprises a magnetic field generating module, an electric field generating module, a test probe and a vector network analyzer;
the magnetic field generating module is used for generating a magnetic field with specific frequency and strength according to the test requirement; the magnetic field generation module comprises a magnetic field module test hole;
the electric field generating module is used for generating an electric field with specific frequency and strength according to the test requirement; the electric field generation module comprises an electric field module test hole; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are sleeved together, a composite field environment is formed inside the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module, and the magnetic field module test hole and the electric field module test hole are aligned;
the test probe is used for entering the composite field environment through the test hole to detect the object to be tested; the other end of the test probe is connected with the vector network analyzer; the vector network analyzer is used for calculating the complex dielectric constant of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe.
By the combination of magnetic field generation module and electric field generation moduleEstablishing a specific composite field environment comprising magnetic field intensity B and magnetic field frequency fBElectric field intensity E and electric field frequency fEAnd then the substance to be tested is placed in the environment for testing, and the testing process comprises the processes of calibration, measurement, data processing and the like.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises: a test cartridge; if the substance to be tested is a non-solid substance such as liquid, gel, etc., the substance to be tested needs to be put into a test box and then put into the environment for testing.
The test cartridge is a small, uncovered container made of thin dielectric sheets, such as a cube, cylinder, etc., which is sized to easily receive the electric field generating module or the magnetic field generating module. When in test, the test box is placed in a composite field environment, the probe enters the composite field environment through the test hole, contacts with an object to be tested, and tests.
In one embodiment, the magnetic field generation module further comprises: the device comprises a first coil, a second coil, a thin medium cylinder, a first power amplifier and a first oscillating circuit; the first coil and the second coil are arranged on the outer surface of the thin medium cylinder; the magnetic field module test hole is positioned between the first coil and the second coil; the first oscillating circuit is used for generating excitation currents of the first coil and the second coil; the first power amplifier is used for power amplification of the excitation current.
Specifically, the magnetic field generating module generates a specific frequency f according to the test requirementBAnd a magnetic field of strength B. As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic field generation module, a coil 1 and a coil 2 are excitation coils of a magnetic field and are arranged on an outer surface of a thin dielectric cylinder, and the coil 1 and the coil 2 have a test hole for a test probe to extend into the support through. The two coils have the same winding direction, and the magnetic fields in the same direction are excited when the input current direction is the same. The coil 1 and the coil 2 are short in distance, and the distance only needs to meet the requirement that a measuring probe extends into the coil 1 and the coil 2, so that magnetic fields generated by the coil 1 and the coil 2 can be superposed. The oscillating circuit generates the excitation current of the coil 1 and the coil 2, and the power of the excitation current is amplified according to the strength requirement B of the magnetic field environment. The oscillating circuit can generate high-frequency oscillating signals, and can adjust the frequency of the oscillating signals to meet the requirement of magnetismField frequency fB。
In one embodiment, the electric field generating module further comprises: the second oscillation circuit, the second power amplifier, the waveguide structure, the coaxial cable and the SMA connector; the second oscillating circuit is used for generating a high-frequency oscillating signal; the second power amplifier is used for carrying out power amplification on the high-frequency oscillation signal; the waveguide structure comprises an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface; the electric field module test hole is positioned on the upper metal plate; one end of the coaxial cable is connected with the second power amplifier, and the other end of the coaxial cable is connected with the SMA connector; the outer conductor of the SMA joint is connected with the upper metal surface, and the inner core of the SMA joint is extended to form a feed probe so as to excite the electric field vector distribution vertical to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface in the waveguide structure.
Specifically, the electric field generation module generates a specific frequency f according to the test requirementEAnd an electric field of strength E. As shown in FIG. 2, the oscillator circuit generates a high frequency signal f having a frequency ofEAnd amplifying the signal by a power amplifier to ensure that the electric field generating module obtains an electric field with the strength of E. The amplified electric signal is connected to a waveguide structure composed of an upper metal plate and a lower metal plate by a coaxial cable, a test hole is reserved on the metal plate, the coaxial cable is connected to SMA joints of the upper plane and the lower plane perpendicular to the two ends of the waveguide structure, the SMA joint outer conductor is connected with the upper metal surface, the SMA joint inner core is extended to form a feed probe, and electric field vectors perpendicular to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface are excited in the waveguide structure and distributed, as shown in figure 3.
The generation of the complex field environment is completed by the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module, which need to be assembled together, as shown in fig. 4, the magnetic field generation module passes through the electric field generation module, so that the test holes of the two modules are aligned.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, there is provided a method for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under a complex field condition, comprising the steps of:
502, generating a magnetic field with specific frequency and strength according to test requirements by a magnetic field generation module; the magnetic field generation module comprises a magnetic field module test hole.
And step 508, calculating the complex dielectric constant of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe through the vector network analyzer.
The dielectric constant measurement of the substance under the condition of the composite field is carried out in the composite field environment, the composite field environment is generated by the magnetic field generating module and the electric field generating module together, the object to be tested is placed in the composite field environment, and if the object to be tested is a non-solid substance, the object to be tested is placed in the composite field environment after being placed in the test box. As shown in fig. 6, the complex dielectric constant of the substance is measured by a coaxial probe with an opening at the terminal, the probe passes through the test holes of the magnetic field generating module and the electric field generating module and directly contacts with the object to be measured, and the other end of the probe is connected with the vector network analyzer through a coaxial cable, so that the reflection coefficient of the object to be measured is measured, and the complex dielectric constant of the object to be measured can be obtained through calculation.
The system and the method for measuring the dielectric constant of the substance under the condition of the composite field generate a magnetic field with specific frequency and strength according to the test requirement through the magnetic field generating module; generating an electric field with specific frequency and strength according to test requirements through an electric field generating module; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are sleeved together, a composite field environment is formed inside the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module, and the magnetic field module test hole and the electric field module test hole are aligned; the object to be tested is detected by a test probe penetrating through the test hole and entering the composite field environment; the other end of the test probe is connected with the vector network analyzer; and calculating the complex dielectric constant of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe through a vector network analyzer. The invention considers the response of the substance to the specific electromagnetic field in the compound field environment with both the electric field and the magnetic field, constructs the corresponding compound field environment during the test, realizes the measurement of the complex dielectric constant of the substance in the specific compound field environment, and provides more accurate basis for the selection and the application of the specific dielectric constant substance in the compound field environment engineering application.
In one embodiment, the magnetic field generation module further comprises: the device comprises a first coil, a second coil, a thin medium cylinder, a first power amplifier and a first oscillating circuit; generating excitation currents of a first coil and a second coil through a first oscillating circuit; the first coil and the second coil are arranged on the outer surface of the thin medium cylinder; the magnetic field module test hole is positioned between the first coil and the second coil; the drive current is power amplified by a first power amplifier.
In one embodiment, the electric field generation module further comprises: a second oscillating circuit, a second power amplifier and a waveguide structure; generating a high-frequency oscillation signal through a second oscillation circuit; performing power amplification on the high-frequency oscillation signal through a second power amplifier; generating electric field vector distribution vertical to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface through a waveguide structure; the waveguide structure comprises an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface; the electric field module test hole is positioned on the upper metal plate.
In one embodiment, before the object to be tested is tested by the test probe passing through the test hole and entering the composite field environment, the method further comprises the following steps: calibrating the measuring system by using a material with a known complex dielectric constant to obtain the characteristic admittance of the port of the test probe; putting the object to be tested into a composite field environment through the test hole; when the detection object is a non-solid object, the non-solid object to be detected is placed in the composite field environment after being placed in the test box.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: acquiring a signal measured by a test probe through a vector network analyzer; obtaining the reflection coefficient of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe; and obtaining the complex dielectric constant of the object to be measured according to the characteristic admittance and the reflection coefficient.
In one embodiment, the step of measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under complex field conditions is as follows:
(1) system and probe calibration
Using materials of known complex dielectric constant, e.g. water, saline water of specific concentration, bakelite, etc. to couple the systemAnd calibrating the probe to obtain the characteristic admittance Y of the probe portc。
(2) Reflection system for testing object to be tested
Putting the object to be measured into a composite field environment, and measuring the object to be measured by using a probe to obtain a reflection coefficient gamma between a probe port and the object to be measuredin。
(3) Calculating the complex dielectric constant of the object to be measured by the reflection coefficient
Knowing the characteristic admittance Y of the probe portcAnd a reflection coefficient ΓinFrom
Obtaining an equivalent input admittance Yin。，YinIs the complex dielectric constant epsilon of the object to be measuredrThe complex dielectric constant of the object can be determined from Yin＝jωCf+jωC0εrTo obtain wherein CfIndicating the volume of the terminal edge of the coaxial probe, C0Indicating the capacitance value without the test object.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 5 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in fig. 5 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A system for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under complex field conditions, the system comprising: the device comprises a magnetic field generating module, an electric field generating module, a test probe and a vector network analyzer;
the magnetic field generating module is used for generating a magnetic field with specific frequency and strength according to the test requirement; the magnetic field generation module comprises a magnetic field module test hole;
the electric field generating module is used for generating an electric field with specific frequency and strength according to test requirements; the electric field generation module comprises an electric field module test hole; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are sleeved together, a composite field environment is formed inside the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module, and the magnetic field module test hole is aligned with the electric field module test hole;
the test probe is used for entering the composite field environment through the test hole to detect an object to be tested; the other end of the test probe is connected with the vector network analyzer;
the vector network analyzer is used for calculating the complex dielectric constant of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a test cartridge; when the object to be tested is a non-solid object, the test box is used for containing the non-solid object to be tested.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generation module further comprises: the device comprises a first coil, a second coil, a thin medium cylinder, a first power amplifier and a first oscillating circuit;
the first coil and the second coil are arranged on the outer surface of the thin medium cylinder; the magnetic field module test hole is positioned between the first coil and the second coil;
the first oscillating circuit is used for generating excitation currents of the first coil and the second coil;
the first power amplifier is used for amplifying the power of the exciting current.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the electric field generation module further comprises: a second oscillating circuit, a second power amplifier and a waveguide structure;
the second oscillating circuit is used for generating a high-frequency oscillating signal;
the second power amplifier is used for amplifying the power of the high-frequency oscillation signal;
the waveguide structure comprises an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface; the electric field module test hole is positioned on the upper metal plate; the waveguide structure is used for generating electric field vector distribution perpendicular to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the electric field generation module further comprises: a coaxial cable and an SMA connector;
one end of the coaxial cable is connected with the second power amplifier, and the other end of the coaxial cable is connected with the SMA connector;
and the outer conductor of the SMA joint is connected with the upper metal surface, and the inner core of the SMA joint is extended to form a feed probe so as to excite the electric field vector distribution vertical to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface in the waveguide structure.
6. A method for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under complex field conditions, the method comprising:
generating a magnetic field with specific frequency and strength according to test requirements through a magnetic field generating module; the magnetic field generation module comprises a magnetic field module test hole;
generating an electric field with specific frequency and strength according to test requirements through an electric field generating module; the electric field generation module comprises an electric field module test hole; the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module are sleeved together, a composite field environment is formed inside the magnetic field generation module and the electric field generation module, and the magnetic field module test hole is aligned with the electric field module test hole;
the object to be tested is detected by a test probe penetrating through the test hole and entering the composite field environment; the other end of the test probe is connected with the vector network analyzer;
and calculating the complex dielectric constant of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe through the vector network analyzer.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the magnetic field generation module further comprises: the device comprises a first coil, a second coil, a thin medium cylinder, a first power amplifier and a first oscillating circuit;
generating excitation currents of the first coil and the second coil through the first oscillating circuit; the first coil and the second coil are arranged on the outer surface of the thin medium cylinder; the magnetic field module test hole is positioned between the first coil and the second coil;
the drive current is power amplified by the first power amplifier.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the electric field generation module further comprises: a second oscillating circuit, a second power amplifier and a waveguide structure;
generating a high-frequency oscillation signal through the second oscillation circuit;
performing power amplification on the high-frequency oscillation signal through the second power amplifier;
generating an electric field vector distribution perpendicular to the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface through the waveguide structure; the waveguide structure comprises an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface; the electric field module test hole is positioned on the upper metal plate.
9. The method of claim 6, further comprising, prior to probing the test object through a test probe through a test hole into the complex field environment:
calibrating the measuring system by using a material with a known complex dielectric constant to obtain the characteristic admittance of the port of the test probe;
putting an object to be tested into the composite field environment through the test hole; and when the detection object is a non-solid object, putting the non-solid object to be detected into the test box and then putting the non-solid object to be detected into the compound field environment.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein calculating the complex permittivity of the test object from the signals measured by the test probe by the vector network analyzer comprises:
acquiring a signal measured by the test probe through the vector network analyzer;
obtaining the reflection coefficient of the object to be tested according to the signal measured by the test probe;
and obtaining the complex dielectric constant of the object to be measured according to the characteristic admittance and the reflection coefficient.
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