CN113944564B - Variable-aperture device based on 4D printing technology and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Variable-aperture device based on 4D printing technology and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113944564B CN113944564B CN202111094424.5A CN202111094424A CN113944564B CN 113944564 B CN113944564 B CN 113944564B CN 202111094424 A CN202111094424 A CN 202111094424A CN 113944564 B CN113944564 B CN 113944564B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
- F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
- F02K1/82—Jet pipe walls, e.g. liners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
- F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing and advanced manufacturing, in particular to a variable-aperture device based on a 4D printing technology and a preparation method thereof. The variable-aperture device based on the 4D printing technology comprises a cylindrical tube body and a conical tube body, the cylindrical tube body is used for connecting other parts, a plurality of wrinkle units are uniformly arranged on the tube wall of the conical tube body along the circumference, the cross section of each wrinkle unit is of a sine curve structure, the cylindrical tube body and the conical tube body are integrally formed by nickel-titanium shape memory alloy materials through the 4D printing technology, and the 4D printing technology is a selective laser melting technology. The two-part structure is integrally formed by a 4D printing technology, the printed state of the conical pipe body is an extension state, external force is adopted to contract each wrinkle unit after forming, the shrinkage state with the diameter same as that of the cylindrical pipe body is achieved, and after heating, each wrinkle unit is immediately converted into the extension state from the shrinkage state, so that the aperture is changed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing and advanced manufacturing, in particular to a variable-aperture device based on a 4D printing technology and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The 4D printing technology is used as a new material-structure-function integrated forming technology of an intelligent component, combines the characteristics of the 3D printing technology, can reduce three-dimensional manufacturing into simple two-dimensional manufacturing, can form any part with a complex structure, and is one of the current domestic and foreign research hotspots. Due to the great application prospect in the aspect of high-end intelligent structure preparation, the 4D printing technology is rapidly developed in the field of additive manufacturing.
Nickel titanium shape memory alloys are becoming popular candidate intelligent materials in various fields such as aerospace, medical devices and flexible electronics due to their excellent shape memory and superelastic properties. In recent years, the 4D printing technology of intelligent component material-structure-function integrated molding is rapidly developed, the application of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is expected to be further expanded on the basis of combining the 4D printing technology, and the method has great significance for development requirements of various fields in the aspect of high-end intelligent structures.
The tail gas nozzle is one of important power auxiliary devices in the aerospace field, the variable structure-variable function of the tail gas nozzle is mainly designed by a mechanical structure at present, the deformation efficiency and the response sensitivity are still to be improved, and the structure design and the preparation method for realizing the structure-function integration are urgently needed to be researched aiming at the further requirements of the aerospace field on intelligent variable-aperture components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable-aperture device based on a 4D printing technology and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the existing technical situation, the variable-aperture device is applied to a tail nozzle of an aerospace auxiliary power device, and the variable-aperture device can realize the variable aperture to adjust the spraying amount.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a become aperture device based on 4D printing technique, includes cylindric body and coniform body, cylindric body is used for connecting other parts, evenly be equipped with a plurality of fold units along the circumference on the pipe wall of coniform body, the cross section of each fold unit is sinusoidal column structure, cylindric body and coniform body adopt nickel titanium shape memory alloy material to pass through 4D printing technique integrated into one piece, 4D printing technique is the selective laser melting technique.
Further, when the corrugated unit is in a contracted state, the cosine angle of the sinusoidal structure of the cross section is 30 degrees, and when the corrugated unit is in an expanded state, the cosine angle of the sinusoidal structure of the cross section is 60 degrees.
Furthermore, the inner diameter of the cylindrical pipe body is 25mm-35mm, the outer diameter is 28mm-38mm, the height is 20mm-30mm, the height of the conical pipe body is 40mm-50mm, the bottom diameter is 56mm-76mm, and the thickness is 1mm-3 mm.
A preparation method of a variable-aperture device based on a 4D printing technology comprises the following steps:
s1, building a variable aperture device model by using three-dimensional modeling software, storing and inputting the model into selective laser melting equipment;
s2, enabling the powder material of the selective laser melting equipment to be nickel-titanium alloy material powder, taking a nickel-titanium alloy material plate as a substrate, grinding the substrate to be flat, then carrying out sand blasting treatment, and then uniformly paving a layer of nickel-titanium alloy material powder on the substrate;
s3, closing a cabin door of the selective laser melting equipment, opening a gas circulation system, injecting protective gas to ensure that the oxygen content in the forming cavity of the selective laser melting equipment is lower than 200ppm, and simultaneously preheating the substrate to 100-200 ℃;
s4, when the oxygen content in the forming cavity of the laser melting equipment of the area to be selected and the preheating temperature of the substrate reach set values, forming the aperture-variable device, wherein the laser power is 100W-300W, the scanning speed is 400mm/S-700mm/S, the powder layer thickness is 30 microns, and the scanning interval is 120 microns;
and S5, cutting the aperture-changing device from the substrate after the aperture-changing device is molded, and performing sand blasting to remove surface defects to finish the preparation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the two parts of the structure are integrally formed by a 4D printing technology, the printed state of the conical pipe body is an extension state, external force is adopted to contract each wrinkle unit after forming, the contraction state with the same diameter as the cylindrical pipe body is achieved, and each wrinkle unit is immediately converted into the extension state from the contraction state after heating, so that the aperture is changed;
2. the invention is applied to the tail nozzle of the aerospace auxiliary power device, the spraying amount of the tail nozzle is increased due to the temperature rise and extension in the traveling process, and the spraying amount of the tail nozzle is reduced due to the temperature reduction and shrinkage when the traveling is finished;
3. the invention adopts the 4D printing advanced manufacturing technology, solves the problem of integrated molding of a complex fold structure in the variable-aperture device, and has the advantages of high molding efficiency and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a variable aperture device of the present invention;
figure 2 is a comparison of the pleated element of the present invention in a contracted state and an expanded state.
Description of the labeling: 1. cylindrical tube, 2, conical tube.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-2, an aperture-changing device based on 4D printing technology includes a cylindrical tube 1 and a conical tube 2, the cylindrical tube 1 is used for connecting other components, a plurality of corrugated units are uniformly arranged on the tube wall of the conical tube 2 along the circumference, the corrugated units are similar to a tail skirt, and the cross section of each corrugated unit is of a sinusoidal structure.
The cylindrical pipe body 1 and the conical pipe body 2 are integrally formed by a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy material through a 4D printing technology, a rich nickel-titanium shape memory alloy with a nearly equal atomic ratio is generally selected, and the 4D printing technology is a Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology.
Above-mentioned technical scheme, two part structures are through 4D printing technology integrated into one piece, and the state after conical body 2 prints is the extension state, adopts external force to make each fold unit shrink after the shaping, reaches the shrink state with cylindric body 1 diameter, and each fold unit truns into the extension state from the shrink state immediately after the heating to realize becoming the aperture.
When the pleat unit is in a contracted state, the cosine included angle of the sine curve-shaped structure of the cross section of the pleat unit is 30 degrees, and when the pleat unit is in an expanded state, the cosine included angle of the sine curve-shaped structure of the cross section of the pleat unit is 60 degrees.
The inner diameter of the cylindrical pipe body 1 is 25mm-35mm, the outer diameter is 28mm-38mm, the height is 20mm-30mm, the height of the conical pipe body 2 is 40mm-50mm, the bottom diameter is 56mm-76mm, and the thickness is 1mm-3 mm.
The present invention is further described in detail in examples 1 to 3 below.
Example 1:
become aperture device based on 4D printing technique, including cylindric body 1 and coniform body 2, the internal diameter of cylindric body 1 is 25mm, the external diameter is 28mm, highly is 20mm, and the height of coniform body 2 is 40mm, the bottom diameter is 56mm, thickness is 1 mm.
The preparation method of the variable-aperture device based on the 4D printing technology comprises the following steps:
s1, building a variable aperture device model by using three-dimensional modeling software, wherein the three-dimensional modeling software comprises Magics, UG, SolidWorks and the like, and is stored in an STL format and then input into selective laser melting equipment;
s2, the powder material of the selective laser melting equipment is nickel-titanium alloy material powder, a nickel-titanium alloy material plate is used as a substrate, sand blasting is carried out after the substrate is ground to be flat, the nickel-titanium alloy material powder can be uniformly paved on the substrate, and then a layer of nickel-titanium alloy material powder is uniformly paved on the substrate, wherein the thickness is about 30 mu m, and the particle size range is 15-53 mu m;
s3, closing a cabin door of the selective laser melting equipment, opening a gas circulation system, injecting argon protective gas to ensure that the oxygen content in the forming cavity of the selective laser melting equipment is lower than 200ppm, and simultaneously preheating the substrate to 200 ℃;
s4, when the oxygen content in the forming cavity of the laser melting equipment of the area to be selected and the preheating temperature of the substrate reach set values, forming the aperture-variable device, wherein the laser power is 300W, the scanning speed is 700mm/S, the powder layer thickness is 30 microns, and the scanning interval is 120 microns;
and S5, cutting the aperture-changing device from the substrate by adopting linear cutting after the aperture-changing device is molded, and carrying out sand blasting to remove surface defects to finish the preparation.
Example 2:
become aperture device based on 4D printing technique, including cylindric body 1 and coniform body 2, the internal diameter of cylindric body 1 is 30mm, the external diameter is 33mm, highly is 25mm, and the height of coniform body 2 is 50mm, the bottom diameter is 60mm, thickness is 2 mm.
The preparation method of the variable-aperture device based on the 4D printing technology comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a variable aperture device model by using three-dimensional modeling software, wherein the three-dimensional modeling software comprises Magics, UG, SolidWorks and the like, and is stored in STL format and then input into selective laser melting equipment;
s2, the powder material of the selective laser melting equipment is nickel-titanium alloy material powder, a nickel-titanium alloy material plate is used as a substrate, sand blasting is carried out after the substrate is ground to be flat, the nickel-titanium alloy material powder can be uniformly paved on the substrate, and then a layer of nickel-titanium alloy material powder is uniformly paved on the substrate, wherein the thickness is about 30 mu m, and the particle size range is 15-53 mu m;
s3, closing a cabin door of the selective laser melting equipment, opening a gas circulation system, injecting argon protective gas to ensure that the oxygen content in the forming cavity of the selective laser melting equipment is lower than 200ppm, and simultaneously preheating the substrate to 200 ℃;
s4, when the oxygen content in the forming cavity of the laser melting equipment of the region to be selected and the preheating temperature of the substrate reach set values, forming the aperture-variable device, wherein the laser power is 200W, the scanning speed is 400mm/S, the powder layer thickness is 30 microns, and the scanning interval is 120 microns;
and S5, cutting the aperture-changing device from the substrate by adopting linear cutting after the aperture-changing device is molded, and carrying out sand blasting to remove surface defects to finish the preparation.
Example 3:
become aperture device based on 4D printing technique, including cylindric body 1 and coniform body 2, the internal diameter of cylindric body is 35mm, the external diameter is 38mm, highly is 40mm, and the height of coniform body 2 is 60mm, bottom diameter is 56mm, thickness is 1 mm.
The preparation method of the variable-aperture device based on the 4D printing technology comprises the following steps:
s1, building a variable aperture device model by using three-dimensional modeling software, wherein the three-dimensional modeling software comprises Magics, UG, SolidWorks and the like, and is stored in an STL format and then input into selective laser melting equipment;
s2, the powder material of the selective laser melting equipment is nickel-titanium alloy material powder, a nickel-titanium alloy material plate is used as a substrate, sand blasting is carried out after the substrate is ground to be flat, the nickel-titanium alloy material powder can be uniformly paved on the substrate, and then a layer of nickel-titanium alloy material powder is uniformly paved on the substrate, wherein the thickness is about 30 mu m, and the particle size range is 15-53 mu m;
s3, closing a cabin door of the selective laser melting equipment, opening a gas circulation system, injecting argon protective gas to ensure that the oxygen content in the forming cavity of the selective laser melting equipment is lower than 200ppm, and simultaneously preheating the substrate to 200 ℃;
s4, when the oxygen content in the forming cavity of the laser melting equipment of the area to be selected and the preheating temperature of the substrate reach set values, forming the aperture-variable device, wherein the laser power is 250W, the scanning speed is 500mm/S, the powder layer thickness is 30 microns, and the scanning interval is 120 microns;
and S5, cutting the aperture-changing device from the substrate by adopting linear cutting after the aperture-changing device is molded, and carrying out sand blasting to remove surface defects to finish the preparation.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the two-part structure is integrally formed by a 4D printing technology, the printed state of the conical pipe body 2 is an extension state, external force is adopted to contract each fold unit after forming, the contraction state with the diameter same as that of the cylindrical pipe body 1 is achieved, and each fold unit is immediately converted into the extension state from the contraction state after heating, so that the aperture is changed;
2. the invention is applied to the tail nozzle of the aerospace auxiliary power device, the spraying amount of the tail nozzle is increased due to the temperature rise and extension in the advancing process, and the spraying amount of the tail nozzle is reduced due to the temperature reduction and shrinkage when the advancing is finished;
3. the invention adopts the 4D printing advanced manufacturing technology, solves the problem of integrated molding of a complex fold structure in the variable-aperture device, and has the advantages of high molding efficiency and low cost.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent changes in the principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a become aperture device based on 4D printing technique which characterized in that: the cylindrical pipe body is used for being connected with other parts, a plurality of fold units are uniformly arranged on the pipe wall of the conical pipe body along the circumference, the cross section of each fold unit is of a sine curve structure, the cylindrical pipe body and the conical pipe body are integrally formed by a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy material through a 4D printing technology, and the 4D printing technology is a selective laser melting technology.
2. The variable aperture device based on the 4D printing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the pleat unit is in a contracted state, the cosine included angle of the sine curve-shaped structure of the cross section of the pleat unit is 30 degrees, and when the pleat unit is in an expanded state, the cosine included angle of the sine curve-shaped structure of the cross section of the pleat unit is 60 degrees.
3. The variable-aperture device based on the 4D printing technology is characterized in that: the inner diameter of the cylindrical pipe body is 25mm-35mm, the outer diameter of the cylindrical pipe body is 28mm-38mm, the height of the cylindrical pipe body is 20mm-30mm, the height of the conical pipe body is 40mm-50mm, the bottom diameter of the conical pipe body is 56mm-76mm, and the thickness of the conical pipe body is 1mm-3 mm.
4. A method for manufacturing a variable aperture device based on 4D printing technology according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, building a variable aperture device model by using three-dimensional modeling software, storing and inputting the model into selective laser melting equipment;
s2, enabling the powder material of the selective laser melting equipment to be nickel-titanium alloy material powder, taking a nickel-titanium alloy material plate as a substrate, grinding the substrate to be flat, then carrying out sand blasting treatment, and then uniformly paving a layer of nickel-titanium alloy material powder on the substrate;
s3, closing a cabin door of the selective laser melting equipment, opening a gas circulation system, injecting protective gas to ensure that the oxygen content in the forming cavity of the selective laser melting equipment is lower than 200ppm, and simultaneously preheating the substrate to 100-200 ℃;
s4, when the oxygen content in the forming cavity of the laser melting equipment of the area to be selected and the preheating temperature of the substrate reach set values, forming the aperture-variable device, wherein the laser power is 100W-300W, the scanning speed is 400mm/S-700mm/S, the powder layer thickness is 30 microns, and the scanning interval is 120 microns;
and S5, cutting the aperture-changing device from the substrate after the aperture-changing device is molded, and performing sand blasting to remove surface defects to finish the preparation.
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| CN114572408B (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2024-03-19 | 华中科技大学 | Variable flow channel device and preparation method thereof |
| CN114857300B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2023-06-16 | 华中科技大学 | Self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device and 3D printing method thereof |
| CN115366221B (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2023-07-04 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Electrodrive variable-aperture drill bit and manufacturing method and application thereof |
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