CN114857300B - Self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device and 3D printing method thereof - Google Patents

Self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device and 3D printing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114857300B
CN114857300B CN202210449629.9A CN202210449629A CN114857300B CN 114857300 B CN114857300 B CN 114857300B CN 202210449629 A CN202210449629 A CN 202210449629A CN 114857300 B CN114857300 B CN 114857300B
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deformable
temperature
regulating valve
valve device
deformable member
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CN114857300A (en
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文世峰
陈志桥
周燕
陈道兵
王晓强
史玉升
汪硕
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K7/00—Diaphragm valves or cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage ; Pinch valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
    • B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/007—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt with a light metal (alkali metal Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; earth alkali metal Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al Ga, Ge, Ti) or B, Si, Zr, Hf, Sc, Y, lanthanides, actinides, as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/002—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by temperature variation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K47/00—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
    • F16K47/02—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for preventing water-hammer or noise
    • F16K47/023—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for preventing water-hammer or noise for preventing water-hammer, e.g. damping of the valve movement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/01—Control of temperature without auxiliary power
    • G05D23/02—Control of temperature without auxiliary power with sensing element expanding and contracting in response to changes of temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device and a 3D printing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of valve and runner preparation, comprising the following steps: an outer tube and N first deformable members; the outer tube comprises a first circular tube, M second deformable parts and a second circular tube which are connected in sequence; the M second deformable parts are connected in sequence; wherein M and N are integers greater than or equal to 0, and M and N are not both 0 at the same time; the first deformable member is assembled on the first circular tube or the second circular tube; the first deformable component and the second deformable component are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy which can obtain double-way shape memory through expansion and contraction training; the first deformable member and the second deformable member are adapted to deform in response to the temperature of the fluid flowing therein, respectively, to thereby change the cross-sectional area of the fluid flowing in the flow passage, thereby regulating the flow rate. The invention can adaptively adjust the flow sectional area of the valve according to different temperatures, thereby realizing rapid response to the fluctuation of the fluid temperature.

Description

Self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device and 3D printing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of valve and runner preparation, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device and a 3D printing method thereof.
Background
The temperature-sensing regulating valve is an important parameter control element for regulating and controlling medium flow, pressure and the like in the field of automatic process control. However, the conventional temperature-sensing regulating valve often has one or more problems of complex structure, low reaction speed to actual working condition change, single control temperature during working, low control precision, response delay phenomenon, single dead plate of regulating capability, low precision and the like, and in practical application, resource waste is caused and potential safety hazards are accompanied.
Taking the conventional wax-type thermostat as an example, the conventional temperature-sensing regulating valve device has a complex structure and low reaction speed to the change of the working condition of the engine, and when the engine enters the working conditions such as abrupt acceleration, climbing and the like, the thermostat cannot quickly react, and the temperature of the engine coolant can fluctuate greatly, so that the service life and the oil consumption of the engine are not facilitated. The thermostat has response delay phenomenon in the opening and closing process, the control precision is not high, and the thermostat is frequently opened and closed during working, so that oscillation phenomenon is generated. Meanwhile, the traditional temperature-sensing adjusting valve device cannot react rapidly to temperature fluctuation of the cooling liquid, so that the working temperature of the engine can be set lower in order to ensure that the engine works in a safe range, so that enough temperature allowance is reserved to ensure that the engine cannot overheat, but the fuel economy of the engine is directly affected due to lower temperature of the cooling liquid, and energy conservation is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device and a 3D printing method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problem that rapid response to fluid temperature fluctuation cannot be realized in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device, comprising: an outer tube and N first deformable members;
the outer tube comprises a first circular tube, M second deformable parts and a second circular tube which are connected in sequence; the M second deformable parts are connected in sequence;
wherein M and N are integers greater than or equal to 0, and M and N are not both 0 at the same time;
the first deformable member is assembled on the first circular tube or the second circular tube;
the first deformable component and the second deformable component are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy which can obtain double-way shape memory through expansion and contraction training;
the first deformable member and the second deformable member are adapted to deform in response to the temperature of the fluid flowing therein, respectively, to thereby change the cross-sectional area of the fluid flowing in the flow passage, thereby regulating the flow rate.
It is further preferred that the operating temperature of the first deformable member is adjusted by adjusting the phase transition temperature of the nitinol of the first deformable member.
Further preferably, the operating temperatures of the N first deformable members are different.
It is further preferred that the operating temperature of the second deformable member is adjusted by adjusting the phase transition temperature of the nitinol of the second deformable member.
It is further preferred that the operating temperatures of the M second deformable members are different.
Further preferably, the first deformable member is an arrow-shaped structure, an umbrella-shaped structure or a fan blade wheel structure; the extension amplitude of the arrow-shaped structure and the umbrella-shaped structure and the inclination angle of the fan blades in the fan impeller structure are correspondingly changed according to the change of the fluid temperature.
Further preferably, the second deformable member is a first conical tube, a telescopic tube and a second conical tube connected in sequence;
the large opening end of the first conical tube is connected with the first circular tube; the telescopic pipe is of a radial telescopic pipe structure; the telescopic pipe is connected with the small opening ends of the first conical pipe and the second conical pipe respectively; the large opening end of the second conical tube is connected with the second round tube.
Further preferably, the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device is integrally manufactured by adopting a 3D printing technology or a 4D printing technology.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a 3D printing method of the above-mentioned adaptive thermal flow regulating valve device, comprising the steps of:
s1, modeling the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device by adopting three-dimensional modeling software based on the geometric structure information of the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device to obtain a geometric model;
s2, based on the geometric model, adopting a selective laser melting forming technology to melt and form nickel-titanium alloy spherical powder, thereby printing to obtain the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device;
s3, performing expansion and contraction training on the first deformable component and the second deformable component in the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device to obtain double-pass shape memory.
It is further preferred that the working intervals of the first deformable member and the second deformable member are adjusted by controlling one or more of the powder composition, laser power, scanning speed, powder layer thickness, scanning pitch during printing.
In general, through the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
1. the invention provides a self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device, wherein a first deformable part and/or a second deformable part of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy which is used for obtaining double-way shape memory through expansion and contraction training are/is introduced into a pipeline, and due to the sensitivity of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy to temperature, the deformation and the temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy can form a corresponding relation through the expansion and contraction training, so that the first deformable part and/or the second deformable part can be self-adaptively deformed according to the temperature of inflowing fluid, the cross section area of the fluid in a flow channel is changed, and the flow is regulated, so that rapid response to the fluctuation of the fluid temperature is realized.
2. The self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device provided by the invention can be provided with a plurality of first deformable components and/or second deformable components, and the working range of the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device is greatly enlarged and the temperature regulating range is wider by adopting nickel-titanium shape memory alloy materials with different phase transition temperatures for different components.
3. The self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device provided by the invention avoids the complex working process of multiple steps of the temperature detection unit, the control unit and the mechanical unit in the traditional temperature-sensing regulating valve, has the advantages of extremely simple self-adaptive regulation function and structure, can realize flexible regulation and control of flow along with temperature, and has higher regulation and control precision.
4. In the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device provided by the invention, the first deformable part is preferably a fan blade wheel structure, when fluid passes through the fan blade wheel structure, the rotation of the fan blade wheel structure can unload most of the impact force of the fluid, and meanwhile, the phenomenon of local fluid pressure difference of the fluid passing through the fan blade wheel structure can be avoided, so that the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device is safer and more reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an arrow-shaped structure of a first deformable member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, (a) is an oblique view of the arrow-shaped structure in a contracted state; (b) Is a front view of the arrow-shaped structure in a contracted state; (c) Is a bottom view of the arrow-shaped structure when in a contracted state; (d) Is an oblique view of the arrow-shaped structure when in an extended state; (e) Is a front view of the arrow-shaped structure when in an extended state; (f) Is a bottom view of the arrow-shaped structure when in an extended state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an umbrella-shaped structure of a first deformable member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, (a) is an oblique view of the umbrella structure in a contracted state; (b) a front view of the umbrella structure in a collapsed state; (c) Is a bottom view of the umbrella structure in a contracted state; (d) is an oblique view of the umbrella structure in an extended state; (e) is a front view of the umbrella structure in an extended state; (f) Is a bottom view of the umbrella structure in an extended state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first deformable member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, (a) is an oblique view of the impeller structure in a contracted state; (b) Is a front view of the fan blade wheel structure in a contracted state; (c) Is a bottom view of the fan blade wheel structure in a contracted state; (d) Is an oblique view of the fan blade wheel structure in an extending state; (e) Is a front view of the fan blade wheel structure in an extending state; (f) Is a bottom view of the fan blade wheel structure when in an extending state;
FIG. 5 is an oblique view of the adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second deformable member in an outer tube provided in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein (a) is an oblique view of the outer tube in a contracted state; (b) a front view of the outer tube in a contracted state; (c) is a bottom view of the outer tube in a contracted state; (d) is an oblique view of the outer tube in an extended state; (e) is a front view of the outer tube in an extended state; (f) is a bottom view of the outer tube in an extended state;
FIG. 7 is an oblique view of the first deformable member (impeller structure) provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention assembled on the first circular tube or the second circular tube;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a corresponding temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Example 1,
An adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: an outer tube and N first deformable members;
the outer tube comprises a first circular tube, M second deformable parts and a second circular tube which are connected in sequence; the M second deformable parts are connected in sequence;
wherein M and N are integers greater than or equal to 0, and M and N are not both 0 at the same time;
when N is larger than 0, the first deformable part is assembled on the first circular pipe or the second circular pipe;
the first deformable component and the second deformable component are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy which can obtain double-way shape memory through expansion and contraction training;
the first deformable component and the second deformable component are respectively subjected to self-adaptive deformation according to the temperature of the fluid flowing in, so that the cross section area of the fluid passing through the flow channel is changed, and the flow rate is regulated; wherein the first deformable member and the second deformable member are each independently adjustable in cross-sectional area through which fluid in the flow passage passes.
The working temperature of the first deformable member may be adjusted by adjusting the phase transition temperature of the nitinol of the first deformable member. The operating temperature of the second deformable member may be adjusted by adjusting the phase transition temperature of the nickel titanium shape memory alloy of the second deformable member. In one of the cases, the phase transition temperatures of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy at different areas in the first deformable member and the second deformable member are different, and the corresponding working temperatures at the different areas are also different; the operating temperature of the first deformable member may be adjusted by adjusting the phase transition temperature of the nitinol at different regions within the first deformable member; the operating temperature of the second deformable member is adjusted by adjusting the phase transition temperature of the nitinol at different regions within the second deformable member.
Specifically, the components and states in the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy after molding are different due to the difference of original nickel-titanium powder and molding parameters, and the phase transition temperatures are also different; in an alternative embodiment, N is 1, m is 1, at this time, the adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device includes an outer tube and 1 first deformable component, the first deformable component is a fan blade wheel structure, the corresponding first deformable component forming powder is respectively 50.4at% of Ni, a laser melting technology is selected, and printing parameters are laser power 300W-400W and scanning speed: 800-1000mm/S, layer thickness: 30 μm, scan pitch: 120 μm. In this case, the temperature of the blades of different fan impeller structures in the first deformable member ranges from-60 ℃ to 5 ℃ for one or more sections due to the difference of printing parameters, and the temperature of the whole fan impeller structure ranges from-60 ℃ to 5 ℃. The second deformable part forming powder has Ni content of 49.4at% respectively, and the printing parameters are laser power of 300W-500W and scanning speed by selecting laser melting technology: 800-1000mm/S, layer thickness: 30 μm, scan pitch: 120 μm. At this time, the temperature of different parts of the first deformable member ranges from-1 ℃ to 77 ℃ for one or more sections due to the difference of printing parameters, and the temperature of the whole second deformable member ranges from-1 ℃ to 77 ℃.
Preferably, the operating temperatures of the N first deformable members are different, thereby expanding the operating temperature range of the adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device.
Preferably, the operating temperatures of the M second deformable members are different, thereby expanding the operating temperature range of the adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device.
Further, the first deformable member is mounted on the first circular tube or the second circular tube, and the cross-sectional area of the fluid passing through the flow passage is changed by the adaptive deformation of the first deformable member. The first deformable member may be an arrow-shaped structure, an umbrella-shaped structure, or a fan blade wheel structure; the extension amplitude of the arrow-shaped structure and the umbrella-shaped structure and the inclination angle of the fan blades in the fan impeller structure are correspondingly changed according to the change of the fluid temperature, so that the cross section area of the fluid passing through the flow channel is changed, and the flow rate is regulated. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the first deformable member is a schematic view of an arrow-shaped structure, where (a) is an oblique view of the arrow-shaped structure when in a contracted state; (b) Is a front view of the arrow-shaped structure in a contracted state; (c) Is a bottom view of the arrow-shaped structure when in a contracted state; (d) Is an oblique view of the arrow-shaped structure when in an extended state; (e) Is a front view of the arrow-shaped structure when in an extended state; (f) Is a bottom view of the arrow-shaped structure when in an extended state. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the first deformable member in an umbrella-like configuration; wherein, (a) is an oblique view of the umbrella structure in a contracted state; (b) a front view of the umbrella structure in a collapsed state; (c) Is a bottom view of the umbrella structure in a contracted state; (d) is an oblique view of the umbrella structure in an extended state; (e) is a front view of the umbrella structure in an extended state; (f) Is a bottom view of the umbrella structure in an extended state. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first deformable member in the form of a fan wheel; wherein, (a) is an oblique view of the impeller structure in a contracted state; (b) Is a front view of the fan blade wheel structure in a contracted state; (c) Is a bottom view of the fan blade wheel structure in a contracted state; (d) Is an oblique view of the fan blade wheel structure in an extending state; (e) Is a front view of the fan blade wheel structure in an extending state; (f) Is a bottom view of the fan blade wheel structure when in an extending state. Specifically, when the first deformable member is an arrow-shaped structure or an umbrella-shaped structure, the tip is inserted into the outer tube at the rear, and the insertion direction is the same as the direction of fluid flow; when the first deformable part is a fan impeller structure, the fan impeller structure is directly placed in the outer tube, and the whole fan impeller structure can rotate along with the flow of fluid; the rotation of the fan impeller structure can unload most of the impact force of the fluid, and meanwhile, the phenomenon of local fluid pressure difference of the fluid passing through the fan impeller structure can be avoided, so that the fan impeller structure is safer and more reliable.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, an oblique view of the adaptive thermal flow regulator valve assembly is shown in FIG. 5; wherein the first deformable member is a fan blade wheel structure; the inclination angle of the fan blades in the fan impeller structure is correspondingly changed according to the change of the temperature of the fluid. The second deformable part is a first conical tube, an extension tube and a second conical tube which are connected in sequence; the large opening end of the first conical tube is connected with the first circular tube; the telescopic pipe is of a radial telescopic pipe structure; the telescopic pipe is connected with the small opening ends of the first conical pipe and the second conical pipe respectively; the large opening end of the second conical tube is connected with the second round tube. Specifically, a schematic view of a second deformable member in the outer tube is shown in FIG. 6; wherein (a) is an oblique view of the outer tube in a contracted state; (b) a front view of the outer tube in a contracted state; (c) is a bottom view of the outer tube in a contracted state; (d) is an oblique view of the outer tube in an extended state; (e) is a front view of the outer tube in an extended state; (f) is a bottom view of the outer tube in an extended state.
In one alternative embodiment, the impeller structure is directly mounted in the first circular tube (or may be mounted in the second circular tube, and is described herein as being mounted in the first circular tube), and the oblique view thereof is shown in fig. 7; the impeller structure is formed by connecting a main shaft with the outer diameter of 80-150 mm, the inner diameter of 20-40 mm and the length of 200-300 mm with 12 fan blades with the length of 100-300 mm respectively; the outer diameter of the first round tube and the second round tube is 240-520 mm, the wall thickness is 10-30 mm, and the length is 240-400 mm. The first round tube is connected with the large opening end of the first conical tube; the telescopic pipe is of a radial telescopic pipe structure and is respectively connected with the small opening ends of the first conical pipe and the second conical pipe, the size is 100-180 mm long at the outer straight edge, and the diameter of the outer circular arc is 10-50 mm. The wall thickness is 10-30 mm; the large opening end of the second conical tube is connected with the second round tube, and the length of the second conical tube is 240-400 mm.
Preferably, the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device is integrally manufactured by adopting a 3D printing technology or a 4D printing technology.
EXAMPLE 2,
The 3D printing method of the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device provided by the embodiment 1 of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, modeling the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device by adopting three-dimensional modeling software based on the geometric structure information of the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device to obtain a geometric model;
specifically, the three-dimensional modeling software may be three-dimensional modeling software such as Magics, UG, PROE; in this embodiment, the obtained geometric model is saved as an STL format file;
s2, based on the geometric model, adopting a selective laser melting forming technology to melt and form nickel-titanium alloy spherical powder, thereby printing to obtain the self-adaptive temperature sensing flow regulating valve device;
specifically, in the embodiment, the stored STL format file is input into a selective laser melting forming device, a nickel-titanium alloy material substrate is selected, and sand blasting treatment is carried out after the substrate is ground, so that alloy powder can be uniformly paved on the substrate, nickel-titanium alloy spherical powder with the thickness of about 30 mu m is uniformly paved on the substrate, and the particle size range of the powder is 18-54 mu m. Closing a forming cabin door in the selective laser melting forming equipment, starting a gas circulation system, injecting argon shielding gas to ensure that the oxygen content in the forming cavity is lower than 200ppm, and preheating the substrate to 100-200 ℃. When the oxygen content and the preheating temperature in the forming cabin reach set values, the laser forming self-adaptive temperature sensing flow regulating valve device starts, the laser power is 100W-400W, the scanning speed is 300 mm/s-1000 mm/s, the powder layer thickness is 30 mu m, and the scanning interval is 120 mu m. And after the deformable flow passage device is formed, cutting the deformable flow passage device from the substrate by adopting linear cutting, and performing sand blasting to remove surface defects.
S3, performing expansion and contraction training (preferably a shape memory and superelasticity composite training process) on the first deformable component and the second deformable component in the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device so as to obtain double-pass shape memory.
Specifically, the formed self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device adopts external force to carry out a series of expansion-contraction training, so that the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device has double-pass shape memory capability.
Preferably, the working intervals of the first deformable member and the second deformable member are adjusted by controlling one or more of the powder composition, laser power, scanning speed, powder layer thickness, scanning pitch during printing.
The self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device provided by the invention can be used for regulating and controlling parameters such as medium flow, pressure and the like, has a wide application range, can be applied to a thermostat in a cooling system, and is particularly suitable for equipment with harsh use environments and strict use requirements such as an aerospace engine. Taking the application to a cooling system as an example, a schematic diagram of a corresponding adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device is shown in fig. 8, which can be implemented: when the temperature is lower than the minimum setting temperature, the valve device is in a contracted state or an extended state and works normally; when the temperature reaches the minimum setting temperature, the valve device can adaptively change the sectional area of the flow channel according to the deformation (such as the expansion or contraction of the first conical tube, the telescopic tube and the second conical tube, the expansion amplitude change of the arrow-shaped structure or the umbrella-shaped structure or the change of the inclination angle of the fan blade) of the cooling liquid temperature to a certain extent, so that the water quantity entering the radiator is regulated, the heat radiation capacity of the cooling system is regulated, and the engine is ensured to work in a proper temperature range. Based on the above, the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, high response speed, self-adaptive function, high temperature sensitivity, high regulating precision, flexible regulating capability, wide working temperature interval and regulating range and more stable regulating process, and the temperature of the cooling liquid can not fluctuate greatly in the using process, and the flow sectional area of the valve can be effectively regulated according to different temperatures, so that the operation strategy can be changed according to the operation working conditions of equipment, the accurate control of the cooling liquid flow is realized, the fuel economy of an engine is improved, and the energy-saving effect is achieved. In addition, 3D or 4D printing advanced manufacturing technology can be adopted, so that the integrated forming of the complex structure of the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device is solved, and the forming efficiency is high, and the forming cost is low; in addition, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has the characteristics of oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and the service life of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is prolonged.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. An adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve apparatus, comprising:
an outer tube and N first deformable members;
the outer tube comprises a first circular tube, M second deformable parts and a second circular tube which are sequentially connected; the M second deformable parts are sequentially connected;
wherein M and N are integers greater than 0;
the first deformable member is assembled on the first circular tube or the second circular tube;
the first deformable component and the second deformable component are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy which is used for obtaining double-way shape memory through expansion and contraction training, and the deformation and the temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy have a corresponding relation;
the first deformable component and the second deformable component respectively perform self-adaptive deformation according to the temperature of the fluid flowing in, so that the cross section area of the fluid passing through the flow channel is changed, and the flow rate is regulated;
adjusting the operating temperature of the first deformable member by adjusting the phase transition temperature of the nitinol at different regions within the first deformable member;
adjusting the operating temperature of the second deformable member by adjusting the phase transition temperature of the nitinol at different regions within the second deformable member;
the operating temperatures of the N first deformable members are different;
the operating temperatures of the M second deformable members are different.
2. The adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device of claim 1, wherein the first deformable member is an arrow-shaped structure, an umbrella-shaped structure, or a fan-blade wheel structure; the extension amplitude of the arrow-shaped structure and the umbrella-shaped structure and the inclination angle of the fan blades in the fan blade wheel structure are correspondingly changed according to the change of the fluid temperature.
3. An adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second deformable member is a first conical tube, a bellows and a second conical tube connected in sequence;
the large opening end of the first conical tube is connected with the first circular tube; the telescopic pipe is of a radial telescopic pipe structure; the telescopic pipe is connected with the small opening ends of the first conical pipe and the second conical pipe respectively; and the large opening end of the second conical tube is connected with the second circular tube.
4. The adaptive thermal flow regulator valve assembly according to claim 1, wherein the valve assembly is manufactured integrally using 3D printing technology or 4D printing technology.
5. A method of 3D printing an adaptive thermal flow regulator valve assembly according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
s1, modeling the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device by adopting three-dimensional modeling software based on geometric structure information of the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device to obtain a geometric model;
s2, based on the geometric model, adopting a selective laser melting forming technology to melt and form nickel-titanium alloy spherical powder, thereby printing to obtain the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device;
and S3, performing expansion and contraction training on the first deformable component and the second deformable component in the self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device to obtain double-pass shape memory.
6. The 3D printing method according to claim 5, wherein the working intervals of the first deformable member and the second deformable member are adjusted by controlling one or more of a powder composition, a laser power, a scanning speed, a powder layer thickness, a scanning pitch during printing.
CN202210449629.9A 2022-04-26 2022-04-26 Self-adaptive temperature-sensing flow regulating valve device and 3D printing method thereof Active CN114857300B (en)

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