CN113944540B - Engine pre-combustion chamber structure, engine and automobile with engine pre-combustion chamber structure - Google Patents
Engine pre-combustion chamber structure, engine and automobile with engine pre-combustion chamber structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113944540B CN113944540B CN202010692631.XA CN202010692631A CN113944540B CN 113944540 B CN113944540 B CN 113944540B CN 202010692631 A CN202010692631 A CN 202010692631A CN 113944540 B CN113944540 B CN 113944540B
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- combustion chamber
- engine
- combustion
- lower shell
- chamber structure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/08—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers the chamber being of air-swirl type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
- F02B19/1004—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder details of combustion chamber, e.g. mounting arrangements
- F02B19/1014—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder details of combustion chamber, e.g. mounting arrangements design parameters, e.g. volume, torch passage cross sectional area, length, orientation, or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
- F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
- F02B19/108—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber with fuel injection at least into pre-combustion chamber, i.e. injector mounted directly in the pre-combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
- F02B19/18—Transfer passages between chamber and cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile engines, and particularly relates to an engine pre-combustion chamber structure and an automobile. The engine pre-combustion chamber structure comprises a pre-combustion lower shell and a pre-combustion upper shell; the pre-combustion lower shell comprises a first lower shell, a second lower shell and pre-combustion chambers arranged in the first lower shell and the second lower shell; the first lower shell is provided with a nozzle communicated with both the main combustion chamber and the pre-combustion chamber of the engine; the inner wall of the precombustion chamber is provided with a flow guide surface and a tumble surface; and a flow guide through hole is formed between the flow guide surface and the end surface of the second lower shell, which is deviated from the rolling surface, and the flow guide through hole is communicated with the main combustion chamber and the pre-combustion chamber of the engine and gradually reduces the diameter from the main combustion chamber to the pre-combustion chamber. The invention reduces the wall wetting amount of oil injection in the combustion chamber, reduces the coking probability of the nozzle, improves the reliability, the durability and the combustion efficiency of fuel oil, and further reduces the tail gas emission of the engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile engines, and particularly relates to an engine pre-combustion chamber structure, an engine and an automobile.
Background
Automobile engines are important components of automobiles, and the performance of the engines determines the dynamic property, emission property, economical efficiency and the like of the automobiles. The automobile engine with the pre-combustion chamber structure can realize the rapid and stable combustion of fuel oil, thereby obviously reducing the fuel loss of the automobile engine during combustion; in addition, the design of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure can realize the ultra-lean combustion of the automobile engine, thereby reducing the emission of automobile exhaust.
In the prior art, the automobile pre-combustion chamber can only draw out or press in gas by the movement of a piston, and the defects are that: the ventilation effect of the automobile engine is not ideal, the residual waste amount is large, the expansion of the ultra-lean combustion limit is limited, and the like; in addition, the engine precombustion chamber structure among the prior art is often less, thereby fuel can strike the inner wall of precombustion chamber in the precombustion chamber and lead to wet wall volume big, and then, because the poor and big problem of wet wall volume of taking a breath of precombustion chamber, still can cause easy carbon deposit and sticky in the engine precombustion chamber structure, cause the jam of engine precombustion chamber structure nozzle to the reliability of engine precombustion chamber structure has been reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems of poor air exchange, large wall wetting quantity, low reliability and the like in the engine pre-combustion chamber structure in the prior art, and provides the engine pre-combustion chamber structure, the engine and the automobile.
In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an engine pre-combustion chamber structure including a pre-combustion lower housing and a pre-combustion upper housing connected to the pre-combustion lower housing and used for mounting an injector and a spark plug; the pre-combustion lower shell comprises a first lower shell and a second lower shell connected with the first lower shell; a pre-combustion chamber is formed in the pre-combustion lower shell; the first lower shell is provided with a nozzle communicated with both the main combustion chamber and the pre-combustion chamber of the engine;
a first flow guide surface is arranged on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber and opposite to the first lower shell; a tumble surface is arranged on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber at a position opposite to the second lower shell; the flow guide surface and the end surface of the second lower shell, which deviates from the tumble surface, form a flow guide through hole, and the flow guide through hole is communicated with the main combustion chamber and the pre-combustion chamber and gradually reduces the diameter of the pre-combustion chamber from the main combustion chamber.
Optionally, the engine pre-combustion chamber structure further comprises a gasket provided with a plurality of air inlet through holes; the gasket is connected to one end, far away from the main combustion chamber of the engine, in the flow guide hole in an interference mode.
Optionally, the diameter of the air inlet through hole ranges from 0.2mm to 0.4mm.
Optionally, the pre-combustion upper shell is provided with a first mounting hole for mounting the fuel injector and a second mounting hole for mounting the spark plug; the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are both communicated with the pre-combustion chamber; the engine pre-combustion chamber structure further comprises a pressing device used for pressing the oil injector in the first installation hole.
Optionally, at least two first tangent planes are arranged on two opposite side walls of the pre-combustion upper shell; the pressing device comprises a pressing part and at least two clamping parts connected with the pressing part; when the fuel injector is installed in the first installation hole, the pressing portion presses the fuel injector on the pre-combustion upper shell, and at least two clamping portions clamp at least two first tangent planes on the pre-combustion upper shell.
Optionally, the pre-combustion chamber includes a first cylindrical cavity disposed on the first lower casing at a position opposite to the flow guide surface, and a semi-cylindrical cavity disposed on the second lower casing and communicating with the cylindrical cavity, and an axis of the first cylindrical cavity is perpendicular to an axis of the semi-cylindrical cavity.
Optionally, the pre-combustion lower housing further comprises an intermediate connecting body connected between the pre-combustion upper housing and the first lower housing; and a second flow guide surface is arranged on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber at a position opposite to the middle connecting body.
Optionally, the pre-combustion chamber comprises a second cylindrical cavity disposed on the intermediate connection body and communicating with the first cylindrical cavity; the axis of the first cylindrical cavity coincides with the axis of the second cylindrical cavity.
Optionally, the first lower shell is provided with at least two pressing claws, and the outer wall of the middle connecting body is provided with at least two second tangent planes; the pre-combustion lower shell is connected with the intermediate connecting body through at least two pressing claws clamped on at least two second tangent planes.
Optionally, a positioning block is further disposed on the first lower housing; the middle connecting body is also provided with a positioning groove matched with the positioning block; the outer wall of the middle connecting body is provided with a first alignment mark, and the outer wall of the first lower shell is provided with a second alignment mark which is aligned with the first alignment mark when the positioning block is positioned in the positioning groove.
Optionally, a position of the second lower housing corresponding to the first flow guiding surface is further provided with an exhaust hole communicating the main combustion chamber of the engine and the pre-combustion chamber.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an engine, including an engine cylinder head and the engine pre-combustion chamber structure, where the engine pre-combustion chamber structure is mounted on the engine cylinder head.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an automobile comprising the engine.
According to the invention, gas in the main combustion chamber is compressed into the pre-combustion chamber through the flow guide through holes, and forms high-speed tumble under the action of the flow guide surface and the tumble surface, so that when the fuel injector injects fuel into the pre-combustion chamber, the injected fuel is uniformly distributed in the pre-combustion chamber under the action of the tumble, thus the wall wetting amount of the fuel injector during fuel injection is reduced, the coking probability of a nozzle is reduced, the reliability and durability of the pre-combustion chamber of the engine and the combustion efficiency of the fuel are improved, and the tail gas emission of the engine is further reduced; meanwhile, under the action of high-speed tumble in the pre-combustion chamber, when oil mist sprayed by the oil sprayer is conveyed to the position near the spark plug, combustible mixed gas can be formed, the ignition stability of the engine is improved, and the combustion cycle fluctuation of the engine is reduced; in addition, the high-speed tumble flow also accelerates the propagation speed of the flame, reduces the residence time of the flame, and thus improves the thermal efficiency of the engine. In addition, through the design of the nozzle and the flow guide through hole, the oil gas combusted in the pre-combustion chamber can well ignite the unburned fuel oil in the main combustion chamber of the engine, the air exchange efficiency of the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber is enhanced, and the residual waste gas amount in the combustion chamber is reduced; meanwhile, the structure of the pre-combustion chamber of the engine adopts a split structure design, so that the processing and optimization are more convenient.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-combustion chamber structure of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a pre-combustion chamber structure of an engine according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pre-combustion lower housing of an engine pre-combustion chamber arrangement provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a pre-combustion lower housing of an engine pre-combustion chamber arrangement provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a lower pre-combustion housing of an engine pre-combustion chamber arrangement provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a shim for an engine pre-combustion chamber structure provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an intermediate connection body of an engine pre-combustion chamber structure provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a partial schematic structural view of an engine pre-combustion chamber structure mounted on an engine head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a partial schematic structural view of an engine pre-combustion chamber structure mounted on an engine head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of an engine pre-combustion chamber structure mounted on an engine head according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:
1. an engine pre-combustion chamber structure; 11. a pre-combustion lower housing; 111. a first lower case; 1111. a nozzle; 1112. a first flow guide surface; 1113. a first cylindrical cavity; 1114. pressing claws; 1115. positioning blocks; 112. a second lower case; 1121. rolling surface; 1122. a semi-cylindrical cavity; 1123. an exhaust hole; 12. pre-burning the upper shell; 121. a first mounting hole; 122. a second mounting hole; 123. a first section; 13. a pre-combustion chamber; 14. a flow guide through hole; 15. a gasket; 151. an air inlet through hole; 16. a pressing device; 161. a pressing part; 162. a clamping portion; 17. an intermediate connector; 171. a second flow guide surface; 172. a second cylindrical cavity; 172. a second section; 2. an oil injector; 3. a spark plug; 4. a main combustion chamber of the engine; 5. an engine cylinder head; 6. a sealing gasket; 7. an engine piston.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "middle", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an engine pre-combustion chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a pre-combustion lower housing 11 and a pre-combustion upper housing 12 connected (screwed, snapped, welded, etc.) to the pre-combustion lower housing 11 and used for mounting (mounted by means of screwed, snapped, etc.) the injector 2 and the spark plug 3; the pre-combustion lower shell 11 comprises a first lower shell 111 and a second lower shell 112 connected with the first lower shell 111; a pre-combustion chamber 13 is formed in the pre-combustion lower shell 11; the first lower shell 111 is provided with a nozzle 1111 which is communicated with both the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine and the pre-combustion chamber 13; it is understood that when both the injector 2 and the ignition plug 3 are mounted on the pre-combustion upper housing 12, the injection hole of the injector 2 and the motor of the ignition plug 3 protrude into the pre-combustion chamber 13, so that the fuel in the pre-combustion chamber 13 can be combusted. Preferably, the first lower case 111 and the second lower case 112 are formed integrally. Further, the number of the nozzles 1111 may be set to be plural (e.g., 4, 8, 12, etc.) according to actual requirements.
Preferably, the diameter of the nozzle 1111 is in a range of 0.07mm to 0.2mm, for example, the diameter of the oil jet nozzle is 0.07mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, or the like. A first flow guide surface 1112 is arranged on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber 13 at a position opposite to the first lower shell 111; a tumble surface 1121 is arranged on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber 13 at a position opposite to the second lower shell 112; a flow guiding through hole 14 is formed between the first flow guiding surface 1112 and an end surface of the second lower housing 112 facing away from the tumble surface 1121, and the flow guiding through hole 14 communicates with the main engine combustion chamber 4 and the pre-combustion chamber 13 and gradually reduces in diameter from the main engine combustion chamber 4 toward the pre-combustion chamber 13. As can be appreciated, the flow guide through holes 14 increase in size from the lower end to the upper end of the lower pre-combustion housing 11, thereby facilitating the fuel in the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine to enter the pre-combustion chamber 13 through the flow guide through holes 14; and the flow guide through hole 14 faces one end of the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine, so that the gas in the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine can be compressed into the pre-combustion chamber 13 by the engine piston 7.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8 to 10, when the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 is mounted on an automobile engine, the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 is located above the engine piston 7. Specifically, when the engine piston 7 runs upwards (i.e. the engine is in a compression stroke), the gas in the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine is compressed and gradually enters the pre-combustion chamber 13 through the flow guide through holes 14, the airflow in the pre-combustion chamber 13 generates a tumble flow as shown in fig. 10 under the guidance of the first flow guide surface 1112 and the tumble surface 1121, the airflow forming the tumble flow accelerates the flow field movement in the pre-combustion chamber 13, cleans impurities attached to the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber 13, and reduces the residual exhaust gas amount in the pre-combustion chamber 13.
When the injector 2 injects oil mist into the pre-combustion chamber 13, the oil mist is uniformly distributed in the pre-combustion chamber 13 under the guidance of the first flow guide surface 1112 and the tumble surface 1121, so that the wall collision amount of the oil mist in the pre-combustion chamber 13 is reduced, and the mixing rate of the oil mist and the gas is increased. After the oil mist in the pre-combustion chamber 13 is ignited by the spark plug 3, the oil mist uniformly mixed in the pre-combustion chamber 13 is easy to ensure the formation of a fire core and the development of flame. And the flame combusted in the precombustion chamber 13 is ejected to the main engine combustion chamber 4 through the nozzle 1111, thereby causing combustion of the fuel in the main engine combustion chamber 4.
When the engine piston 7 moves downward (i.e., the engine is in a power stroke), products of combustion in the pre-combustion chamber 13 flow from the nozzle 1111 into the main engine combustion chamber 4 due to the pressure differential between the main engine combustion chamber 4 and the pre-combustion chamber 13.
In the invention, the gas in the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine is compressed into the pre-combustion chamber 13 through the flow guide through holes 14, and forms a high-speed tumble flow under the action of the first flow guide surface 1112 and the tumble surface 1121, and when the oil atomizer 2 sprays oil mist into the pre-combustion chamber 13, the sprayed oil mist is uniformly distributed in the pre-combustion chamber 13 under the action of the tumble flow, so that the wall wetting quantity of the oil mist is reduced, the high-speed tumble flow also reduces the coking probability of the nozzle 1111, the reliability and durability of the pre-combustion chamber 13 of the engine are improved, and the tail gas emission of the engine is further reduced; meanwhile, under the action of high-speed tumble in the pre-combustion chamber 13, when the oil mist sprayed by the oil sprayer 2 is conveyed to the position near the spark plug 3, a combustible mixed gas can be formed, the ignition stability of the engine is improved, and the combustion cycle fluctuation of the engine is reduced; in addition, the high-speed tumble flow also accelerates the propagation speed of the flame, reduces the residence time of the flame, and improves the thermal efficiency of the engine. In addition, through the design of the nozzle 1111 and the flow guiding through hole 14, the oil and gas combusted in the pre-combustion chamber 13 can well ignite the unburned fuel in the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine, the air exchange efficiency of the pre-combustion chamber 13 and the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine is enhanced, and the residual exhaust gas quantity in the pre-combustion chamber is reduced; meanwhile, the structure 1 of the pre-combustion chamber 13 of the engine adopts a split structure design, so that the processing and optimization are more convenient.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 further includes a gasket 15 having a plurality of air inlet through holes 151 (for example, 25, 30, 40, etc. air inlet through holes 151 are uniformly processed on the air inlet gasket 15); the gasket 15 is connected in the diversion through hole 14 at one end far away from the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine in an interference manner. It can be understood that the shape of the gasket 15 is set according to the shape of the flow guide through hole 14, and it is only necessary that the site can be firmly clamped in the flow guide through hole 14. Through the design of the gasket 15, the flow guide through hole 14 does not need to be designed into a plurality of through holes, so that the manufacturing process of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 is simplified, the manufacturing cost of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 is reduced, and the service life of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure is prolonged.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the diameter of the air inlet hole 151 ranges from 0.2mm to 0.4mm. For example, the diameters of the air inlet through holes 151 are 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, and the like; it can be understood that when the oil mist in the pre-combustion is ignited by the spark plug 3, the flame combusted in the pre-combustion chamber 13 is emitted from the nozzle 111 to the main engine combustion chamber 4, and the fuel oil in the main engine combustion chamber 4 is ignited, because the diameter of the air inlet through hole 151 is small, the probability of quenching after the flame passes through the air inlet through hole 151 is high, even if the flame passes through the air inlet through hole 151, the velocity of the flame is reduced, and therefore, the ignition effect of the pre-combustion chamber 13 on the main engine combustion chamber 4 is not affected, and the ignition stability of the pre-combustion chamber structure 1 of the engine is improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pre-combustion upper housing 12 is provided with a first mounting hole 121 for mounting the injector 2, and a second mounting hole 122 for mounting the ignition plug 3; the first mounting hole 121 and the second mounting hole 122 are both communicated with the pre-combustion chamber 13; the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 further comprises a compression device 16 for compressing the fuel injector 2 in the first mounting hole 121. Preferably, a second external thread is provided on the spark plug 3, and a second internal thread adapted to the second external thread is provided in the second mounting hole 122, so that the spark plug 3 can be stably mounted in the second mounting hole 122. Further, the spark plug 3 is preferably a standard spark plug 3, because the standard spark plug 3 of the engine is more mature, reliable and lower in cost, and a specially-made spark plug 3 (such as various high-energy spark plugs 3 selected for meeting the requirement of expanding the lean combustion limit) can be selected according to actual requirements and purposes. The oil injector 2 is preferably a standard in-cylinder direct injection oil injector of the engine, and the cost of the pre-combustion chamber structure 1 of the engine can be controlled by selecting the oil injector 2; in addition, according to actual requirements, a pressure reducing device for reducing the injection pressure of the fuel injector 2 can be additionally arranged on the engine pre-combustion chamber 13, and the pressure reducing device can adjust the injection pressure of the fuel injector 2 to a proper range, so that the reliability of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 is further improved.
Preferably, an angle between a center line of the injector 2 and a center line of the precombustion upper housing 12 ranges from 0 degree to 30 degrees (for example, 0 degree, 15 degrees, 30 degrees, etc.). In the invention, through the structure of the pre-combustion upper shell 12 and the design of the pressing device 16, the spark plug 3 and the fuel injector 2 can be stably installed in the pre-combustion upper shell 12, so that the stability of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 is improved, and the installation and the disassembly of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 are facilitated.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, at least two first cut surfaces 123 are disposed on two opposite sidewalls of the pre-combustion upper shell 12; the pressing device 16 includes a pressing portion 161 and at least two clamping portions 162 connecting the pressing portion 161; when the injector 2 is mounted in the first mounting hole 121, the pressing portion 161 presses the injector 2 against the pre-combustion upper housing 12, and at least two of the holding portions 162 clamp at least two of the first cut surfaces 123 on the pre-combustion upper housing 12. Preferably, two first cut surfaces 123 are provided on two opposite side walls of the pre-combustion upper housing 12, two clamping portions 162 are provided at two opposite ends of the pressing device 16, and the injector 2 is fixed in the first mounting hole 121 by the clamping portions 162 and the first cut surfaces 123 in an interference fit manner and the pressing portion 161. In the invention, the pressing device 16 has a simple structure and is convenient to mount and dismount.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the pre-combustion chamber 13 includes a first cylindrical cavity 1113 disposed on the first lower casing 111 opposite to the first flow guiding surface 1112, and a semi-cylindrical cavity 1122 disposed on the second lower casing 112 and communicating with the first cylindrical cavity 1113, wherein an axis of the first cylindrical cavity 1113 is perpendicular to an axis of the semi-cylindrical cavity 1122. It is understood that the first lower casing 111 is a hollow structure having the first cylindrical cavity 1113, and the lateral surface of the first cylindrical cavity 1113 forms the first diversion surface 1112; the second lower case 112 is a hollow structure having the semi-cylindrical cavity 1122, and the side surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity 1122 forms the tumble surface 1121; in addition, the first cylindrical cavity 1113 and the semi-cylindrical cavity form the pre-combustion chamber 13. In the invention, through the structural design of the lower pre-combustion shell 11, the combustion space of the pre-combustion chamber 13 is improved, so that the oil mist sprayed into the pre-combustion chamber 13 by the oil sprayer 2 can be sufficiently combusted, the wall wetting quantity caused by the oil mist sprayed by the oil sprayer 2 is reduced, and the air exchange efficiency of the pre-combustion chamber 13 and the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine is improved.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pre-combustion lower shell 11 further comprises an intermediate connecting body 17 connected between the pre-combustion upper shell 12 and the first lower shell 111; a second flow guide surface 171 is provided on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber 13 at a position opposite to the intermediate connecting body 17. It will be appreciated that the second deflector surface 171 is designed to facilitate the formation of a tumble flow of the gas or oil mist entering the pre-combustion chamber, thereby further improving the reliability of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 and reducing the wall wetting amount of the fuel injector 2.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pre-combustion chamber comprises a second cylindrical cavity 172 provided on the intermediate connection body 17 and communicating with the first cylindrical cavity 1113; the axis of the first cylindrical cavity 1113 coincides with the axis of the second cylindrical cavity 172. The second cylindrical cavity 172 further increases the internal space of the pre-combustion chamber 13, so that the oil mist sprayed by the oil sprayer 2 can be uniformly distributed in the pre-combustion chamber, and the wall wetting amount of the oil sprayer 2 is reduced.
Preferably, a third internal thread is provided at an end of the intermediate connecting body 17 away from the first lower shell 111, a third external thread is provided at an end of the pre-combustion upper shell 12 away from the pressing device 16, and the intermediate connecting body 17 is mounted on the pre-combustion upper shell 12 through connection of the third external thread and the third internal thread. Through the design of the third external thread and the third internal thread, the pre-combustion upper shell 12 and the intermediate connecting body 17 can be tightly connected, and the structure is simple and the cost is low.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, at least two pressing claws 1114 are provided on the first lower shell 111, and at least two second cut surfaces 172 are provided on the outer wall of the intermediate connecting body 17 (for example, 2, 4, 8, etc. pressing claws 1114 are provided); the pre-combustion lower shell 11 is connected to the intermediate connection body 17 by at least two pressing claws 1114 clamped on at least two second tangent planes 172 (for example, the second tangent planes 172 are provided with 2, 4, 8, etc.). It can be understood that, by the interference fit between the pressing claws 1114 and the second tangent planes 172, the tight connection between the pre-combustion lower shell 11 and the intermediate connecting body 17 can be realized, and the structure is simple, the assembly is easy, and the manufacturing cost is low.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, sealing gaskets 6 are disposed between the pre-combustion upper housing 12 and the intermediate connecting body 17, and between the intermediate connecting body 17 and the first lower housing 111. The design of the sealing gasket 6 further strengthens the sealing performance and reliability of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the first lower housing 111 further has a positioning block 1115; the intermediate connecting body 17 is further provided with a positioning slot (not shown) adapted to the positioning block 1115. Preferably, the positioning block 1115 is arranged on the inner wall of one press-fitting, so that the structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 is reduced. As can be appreciated, since the pre-combustion lower shell 11 is not an axisymmetric structure, the positioning block 1115 and the positioning groove can be designed to precisely connect the pre-combustion lower shell 11 with the intermediate connection, thereby improving the reliability of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1.
A first alignment mark (not shown) is disposed on an outer wall of the middle connector 17, and a second alignment mark (not shown) aligned with the first alignment mark when the positioning block 1115 is located in the positioning slot is disposed on an outer wall of the first lower housing. It is understood that, by the alignment relationship of the first alignment mark and the second alignment mark, the pre-combustion lower shell 11 can be precisely connected with the intermediate connecting body 17; therefore, the reliability of the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 is further improved by the design of the first marking line and the second marking line.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the second lower casing 112 is further provided with an exhaust hole 1123 communicating the main combustion chamber 4 and the pre-combustion chamber 13 of the engine at a position corresponding to the first flow guiding surface 1112. It can be understood that the exhaust hole 1123 is disposed at the bottom of the second lower housing 112, and the exhaust hole 1123 facilitates the exhaust of the residual exhaust gas in the pre-combustion chamber 13, thereby improving the cleanliness in the pre-combustion chamber 13 and reducing the probability that the nozzle 1111 is blocked by the residual slag.
Preferably, the material of the pre-combustion upper shell 12, the pre-combustion lower shell 11 and the intermediate connecting body 17 is preferably silicon nitride or heat-resistant steel, because it still has high strength at high temperature, and because it can resist cold and hot shock and is low in cost; the gasket is preferably copper, which is low cost and has a moderate modulus of elasticity.
As shown in fig. 8, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an engine, which is characterized by comprising an engine cylinder head 5 and the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1, wherein the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 is mounted on the engine cylinder head. Preferably, the engine cylinder head 5 is provided with a third mounting hole which is communicated with the main combustion chamber 4 of the engine and is used for mounting the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1; the first lower shell 111 is provided with a first external thread, and the third mounting hole is internally provided with a first external thread matched with the first external thread. It will be appreciated that the engine pre-combustion chamber structure 1 can be tightly fitted into the third mounting hole of the engine head 5 by means of the threaded connection of the first internal thread and the first external thread. In the invention, the pre-combustion chamber 13 and the engine main combustion chamber 4 can realize quick air exchange, thereby improving the reliability of the engine.
An embodiment of the invention further provides an automobile comprising the engine.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. An engine pre-combustion chamber structure is characterized by comprising a pre-combustion lower shell and a pre-combustion upper shell which is connected with the pre-combustion lower shell and used for installing an oil injector and a spark plug; the pre-combustion lower shell comprises a first lower shell and a second lower shell connected with the first lower shell; a pre-combustion chamber is formed in the pre-combustion lower shell; the first lower shell is provided with a nozzle communicated with both the main combustion chamber and the pre-combustion chamber of the engine;
a first flow guide surface is arranged on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber at a position opposite to the first lower shell; a tumble surface is arranged on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber at a position opposite to the second lower shell; the water conservancy diversion face with deviate from under the second on the casing form the water conservancy diversion through-hole between the terminal surface of tumble face, the water conservancy diversion through-hole intercommunication engine main combustion chamber with the precombustion chamber and follow engine main combustion chamber orientation the precombustion chamber is the undergauge gradually, the internal diameter of water conservancy diversion through-hole is followed the lower extreme of casing under the precombustion is to the upper end crescent.
2. The engine pre-combustion chamber structure as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a gasket provided with a plurality of intake through-holes; the gasket is connected to one end, far away from the main combustion chamber of the engine, in the flow guide hole in an interference mode.
3. The engine pre-combustion chamber structure of claim 2, characterized in that the diameter of the air intake through-hole ranges from 0.2mm to 0.4mm.
4. The engine pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-combustion upper housing is provided with a first mounting hole for mounting the injector, and a second mounting hole for mounting the ignition plug; the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are both communicated with the pre-combustion chamber; the engine pre-combustion chamber structure further comprises a pressing device used for pressing the fuel injector in the first mounting hole.
5. The engine pre-combustion chamber structure of claim 4, wherein at least two first tangential planes are provided on two opposite side walls of the pre-combustion upper housing; the pressing device comprises a pressing part and at least two clamping parts connected with the pressing part; when the oil injector is installed in the first installation hole, the pressing portion presses the oil injector on the pre-combustion upper shell, and the at least two clamping portions clamp the at least two first tangent planes on the pre-combustion upper shell.
6. The engine pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-combustion chamber includes a first cylindrical cavity provided on the first lower case at a position opposite to the flow guide surface, and a semi-cylindrical cavity provided on the second lower case and communicating with the cylindrical cavity, an axis of the first cylindrical cavity and an axis of the semi-cylindrical cavity being perpendicular to each other.
7. The engine pre-combustion chamber structure of claim 6, wherein the pre-combustion lower housing further comprises an intermediate connecting body connected between the pre-combustion upper housing and the first lower housing; and a second flow guide surface is arranged on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber at a position opposite to the middle connecting body.
8. The engine pre-combustion chamber structure of claim 7, characterized in that the pre-combustion chamber comprises a second cylindrical cavity provided on the intermediate connection body and communicating with the first cylindrical cavity; the axis of the first cylindrical cavity coincides with the axis of the second cylindrical cavity.
9. The engine pre-combustion chamber structure of claim 7, characterized in that at least two pressing claws are provided on the first lower case, and at least two second cut surfaces are provided on an outer wall of the intermediate connecting body; the pre-combustion lower shell is connected with the intermediate connecting body through at least two pressing claws clamped on at least two second tangent planes.
10. The engine pre-combustion chamber structure of claim 7, further comprising a positioning block disposed on the first lower housing; the middle connecting body is also provided with a positioning groove matched with the positioning block; the outer wall of the middle connecting body is provided with a first alignment mark, and the outer wall of the first lower shell is provided with a second alignment mark which is aligned with the first alignment mark when the positioning block is positioned in the positioning groove.
11. The engine precombustion chamber structure according to claim 1, wherein a position of the second lower case corresponding to the first flow guide surface is further provided with an exhaust hole communicating the main engine combustion chamber and the precombustion chamber.
12. An engine comprising an engine head and an engine pre-combustion chamber structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, the engine pre-combustion chamber structure being mounted on the engine head.
13. An automobile comprising the engine of claim 12.
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