CN113943086A - Comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for expressway operation station area - Google Patents
Comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for expressway operation station area Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage comprehensive treatment, and discloses a comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for an expressway operating station area, which comprises the following working steps of: the method comprises the following steps of sewage rough pretreatment in the first step, sewage fine treatment in the second step, aerobic digestion treatment in the third step, heavy metal ion precipitation treatment in the fourth step, microbial enzyme catalysis treatment in the fifth step, ammonia nitrogen degradation treatment in the sixth step and the like. According to the comprehensive treatment and resource utilization method for the sewage in the expressway operating station area, the sewage in the expressway operating station area is treated from the first step to the tenth step, so that the sewage is treated in multiple levels and different depths from the aspects of physical filtration, biological treatment, chemical treatment, natural treatment and the like, the treatment efficiency of the sewage in the expressway operating station area is improved, and the creativity of the invention is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage comprehensive treatment, in particular to a comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for an expressway operating station area.
Background
The expressway service area is generally provided with public toilets, supermarkets, restaurants, carwashes, maintenance stations and gas stations, so that sewage in the expressway service area can be divided into public toilets, sewage discharged from kitchen restaurants and sewage discharged from gas stations and vehicles by source.
The retrieval application number 202110851640.3 discloses a comprehensive sewage treatment and recycling method for a highway service area, which comprises the following steps: sewage pretreatment, homogenizing and stirring treatment, biological treatment, precipitation treatment and disinfection and discharge; the invention carries out pretreatment on the sewage, thereby preliminarily purifying the sewage and recycling the sludge.
However, the inventor finds that the technical scheme still has at least the following defects:
the prior art treats sewage in an expressway operation station area through five steps, namely sewage pretreatment, homogeneous stirring treatment, biological treatment, precipitation treatment and disinfection discharge, wherein the homogeneous stirring treatment, the biological treatment and the precipitation treatment do not precipitate and discharge heavy metal ions possibly existing in the sewage, the heavy metal ions possibly exist in the sewage, and the design from the final precipitation treatment to the disinfection discharge stage is simpler, so that the sewage treatment efficiency cannot be ensured, and green and environment-friendly comprehensive treatment cannot be embodied. Therefore, a comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for an expressway operating station area is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems in the prior art and provides a comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for an expressway operating station area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operating station area comprises the following working steps:
the first step is as follows: coarse pretreatment of sewage
Collecting all sewage in a highway service area, discharging the collected sewage into a pretreatment tank through a sewage truck to form mixed sewage, driving a plurality of layers of physical filter screens in the pretreatment tank through a hydraulic cylinder, and physically filtering the sewage entering the pretreatment tank by the physical filter screens to filter out large-volume impurities, dirt, foreign matters and the like in the mixed sewage;
then, leading the comprehensive sewage into a septic tank for pretreatment, removing suspended matters and sludge in the sewage, and then leading the pretreated comprehensive sewage into a regulating tank;
the second step is that: fine treatment of sewage
Pretreating the sewage with large-volume impurities, dirt and foreign matters filtered in the pretreatment tank in the first step, then introducing the sewage into a septic tank for removing sludge and removing suspended matters, wherein the suspension removal method is adopted in the process, air is placed into the pretreatment tank through an aeration device and is separated out from the water in the form of micro bubbles, micro granular pollution impurities (such as emulsified oil) with the density similar to that of the water in the sewage are adhered to the bubbles and rise to the water surface along with the bubbles to form foam scum for removing, and the suspended matters are pumped away through the matching of an absorption pump and a blower, wherein the sludge removal in the process is realized by adopting a standing precipitation method, the sewage in the pretreatment tank is kept stand for 3-5 days, and finally the sludge except the sludge precipitated at the bottom layer is all introduced into a regulating tank through a water pump;
The third step: aerobic digestion treatment
Stirring the sewage entering the regulating tank to a uniform state, regulating the pH value in the regulating tank, and finally introducing the sewage subjected to aerobic digestion into the first biological treatment tank;
the fourth step: heavy metal ion precipitation treatment
Adding sulfate reducing bacteria into the sewage in the first biological treatment tank under the anaerobic regulation, and reducing the sulfate into H through dissimilatory sulfate reduction2S, heavy metal ions in the wastewater can be mixed with the generated H2S, generating metal sulfide precipitate with low solubility by reaction, removing the metal sulfide precipitate, and introducing the sewage from which the metal precipitate is removed in the first biological treatment tank into a second biological treatment tank;
the fifth step: microbial enzyme catalytic treatment
Adding microbial enzyme into the sewage in the second biological treatment tank, simultaneously ensuring sufficient oxygen, controlling the concentration of the oxygen to be 2.0-5.0 mg/L, carrying out oxidative degradation on organic matters in the sewage under the catalytic action of the microbial enzyme, and finally introducing the organic matters into a third biological treatment tank;
and a sixth step: treatment for degrading ammonia nitrogen
Performing biochemical degradation and adsorption on the sewage in the third biological treatment tank, degrading ammonia nitrogen in the sewage, and finally introducing the sewage into the first sedimentation tank;
The seventh step: flocculant precipitation treatment
Adding a flocculating agent into the first sedimentation tank, wherein the flocculating agent leads suspended particles in water to generate water treatment of coagulation sedimentation, slowly stirring the sewage in the first sedimentation tank after adding the flocculating agent, standing after slowly stirring, colliding and coagulating colloid and dispersed particles of suspended matters with each other to generate floccule under the action of molecular attraction force, finally forming flocculation sedimentation at the bottom of the first sedimentation tank, and leading the sewage into the second sedimentation tank after removing the flocculation sedimentation;
eighth step: multi-stage separation filtration treatment
Sewage in the first sewage sediment flows into a second sewage sediment tank, ten groups of vibration filter screens and filter screens with the number not smaller than ten are arranged in the second sewage sediment tank, the sewage is subjected to multi-stage separation and filtration in the second sewage sediment tank, and the separated and filtered sewage is guided into a disinfection tank;
the ninth step: disinfection treatment
Ultraviolet sterilization equipment and air purification equipment are installed on the sterilization tank, then a sterilization sheet is added to the water body in the sterilization tank for sterilization, and after precipitation is carried out for 48-84 hours, the water body is guided into the first purification tank;
the tenth step: plant purification treatment
A rubble layer, a coarse sand layer, a fine sand layer, a biological packing layer, an engineering bacterium layer, a humus soil layer and a greening vegetable layer are sequentially laid in the first purifying pool from bottom to top, a water outlet pipe connected with outward drainage is installed on the upper side of the purifying pool, and water in the first purifying pool is introduced into the second purifying pool through the water outlet pipe;
The eleventh step: natural purification treatment
The second purifying tank is in an open air state, and aquatic plants are planted in the second purifying tank;
the twelfth step: discharging
And (4) storing the water body in the second purifying pond in the tenth step, wherein the stored water body is used for fire fighting, greening irrigation, ground flushing, agricultural irrigation and daily water use.
Preferably, in the second step, a coagulant is added into the pretreatment tank and contacts with suspended matters in the sewage, so that the air flotation effect can be improved, and more suspended matters and foam scum in the sewage can be taken away.
Preferably, the pH value of the regulating tank is regulated to 6.8-7.2 in the third step, then aeration and oxygenation are carried out on the sewage, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 1.9-4.5 mg/L.
Preferably, H in the fourth step2SO4SO4 can be reduced by2-The conversion into S2-raises the pH value of the waste water, so that the ion product of metal ion hydroxide in the waste water is very small and precipitates, and the removal rate of the waste water containing Cr6+ with the concentration of 30-40 mg/L can reach 99.67-99.97 percent by a biochemical method.
Preferably, the large organic molecules in the fifth step are degraded into constituent units, i.e., monosaccharides, amino acids, glycerol and fatty acids, carbon dioxide, water, acetyl-CoA, alpha-ketoglutarate (or alpha-oxoglutarate) or oxaloacetate (or oxaloacetate), acetyl-CoA, alpha-ketoglutarate and oxaloacetate are oxidized into carbon dioxide and water, and the organic substances release certain energy in each stage of oxidative degradation.
Preferably, the method for degrading ammonia nitrogen in the sewage in the sixth step comprises the following steps: adding ammonia nitrogen remover, biological treatment (A/O, A2/O), chemical oxidation and physical stripping.
Preferably, in the seventh step, a coagulant aid is added into the first sedimentation tank, the addition amount of the coagulant aid is one third of that of the flocculant, and the components of the coagulant aid comprise bleaching powder, ferric chloride, polyaluminium chloride and hydrated lime.
Preferably, in the seventh step, a conditioner is further added into the first sedimentation tank, and the conditioner comprises calcium chloride and ferric chloride.
Preferably, the plant water treatment method in the tenth step is clean and environment-friendly, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the water body is effectively reduced, the aquatic plants in the tenth step comprise water hyacinth, duckweed and reed, the plants are cultured through water culture, the convenience and sanitation are realized, and meanwhile, the aquatic plants are cultured in the second purification tank, so that the mature aquatic plants can be used as agricultural feed.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for an expressway operating station area. The method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention realizes multi-level and different-depth treatment of sewage from the aspects of physical filtration, biological treatment, chemical treatment, natural treatment and the like by treating the sewage of the expressway operation station region from the first step to the tenth step, improves the treatment efficiency of the sewage of the expressway operation station region, and improves the creativity of the sewage treatment method.
(2) The invention relates to a comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for an expressway operation station area, which comprises the steps of performing oil extraction and air flotation to treat suspended matters in the sewage fine treatment in the second step, putting air into a pretreatment tank through an aeration device, separating out the air from water in the form of micro bubbles, adhering micro granular pollution impurities (such as emulsified oil) with the density close to that of water in the sewage to the bubbles, rising the air to the water surface along with the bubbles to form foam scum to be removed, and pumping the suspended matters away through the cooperation of an absorption pump and a blower, so that the treatment efficiency of the invention on the suspended matters in the sewage is improved, and the treatment efficiency on the sewage in the expressway operation station area is correspondingly improved.
(3) The invention adds sulfate reducing bacteria in the fourth step, and reduces sulfate into H through dissimilatory sulfate reduction2S, heavy metal ions in the wastewater can be mixed with the generated H2S reacts to generate metal sulfide with low solubility to be precipitated and removed, so that heavy metal ions possibly existing in the sewage can be precipitated and removed, and the sewage treatment and purification efficiency is ensured.
(4) According to the comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operating station areas, the flocculating agent is added in the seventh step, the flocculating agent enables suspended particles in water to be subjected to water treatment of coagulation sedimentation, colloid and dispersed particles of suspended matters collide with each other and are coagulated to generate floccules under the action of molecular attraction force, and finally the floccules are formed at the bottom of the first sedimentation tank, so that the efficiency of discharging the sediments in sewage is further ensured.
(5) According to the comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operation station area, plant purification treatment is adopted in the tenth step, the first purification tank is paved with the crushed stone layer, the coarse sand layer, the fine sand layer, the biological filler layer, the engineering bacterium layer, the humus soil layer and the greening vegetation layer from bottom to top, the crushed stone layer, the coarse sand layer and the fine sand layer existing in nature can be used for filtering the final water body, and meanwhile, the greening vegetation can absorb and utilize substances in the water body, so that the water body is purified, and meanwhile, the greening vegetation also plays a role in embodying the green and environment-friendly main body of the invention.
(6) The method for treating the plant water in the tenth step has the advantages of cleanness, environmental protection and effective reduction of the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a water body, the aquatic plants in the tenth step comprise water hyacinth, duckweed and reed, the plants are cultured through water culture, convenience and sanitation are realized, meanwhile, the aquatic plants are cultured in the second purifying tank, the mature aquatic plants can be used as agricultural feed, the cost is low, the effect is good, and meanwhile, the method has important popularization value in the field of sewage treatment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b): a comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for an expressway operating station area is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following working steps:
the first step is as follows: coarse pretreatment of sewage
Collecting all sewage in a highway service area, discharging the collected sewage into a pretreatment tank through a sewage truck to form mixed sewage, driving a plurality of layers of physical filter screens in the pretreatment tank through a hydraulic cylinder, and physically filtering the sewage entering the pretreatment tank by the physical filter screens to filter out large-volume impurities, dirt, foreign matters and the like in the mixed sewage;
then, leading the comprehensive sewage into a septic tank for pretreatment, removing suspended matters and sludge in the sewage, and then leading the pretreated comprehensive sewage into a regulating tank;
the second step is that: fine treatment of sewage
Pretreating the sewage with large volume impurity, dirt and foreign matter filtered out in the pretreatment tank in the first step, then guiding the sewage into a septic tank to remove sludge and suspended matter, wherein the suspension removal method is adopted in the process, air is put into the pretreatment tank through an aeration device and is separated out from the water in the form of micro-bubbles, micro-granular pollution impurities (such as emulsified oil) with the density similar to that of the water in the sewage are adhered to the bubbles and rise to the water surface along with the bubbles to form foam scum for removal, then the suspended matter is pumped away through the matching of an absorption pump and a blower, and in the second step, a coagulant is also added in the pretreatment tank and is contacted with the suspended matter in the sewage, so that the air flotation effect can be improved, more suspended matter and foam scum in the sewage can be taken away, and the sludge removal in the process adopts a standing precipitation method, standing the sewage in the pretreatment tank for 3-5 days, and finally introducing all the sludge except the sludge precipitated at the bottom layer into an adjusting tank through a water pump;
The third step: aerobic digestion treatment
Stirring the sewage entering the regulating tank to be in a uniform state, regulating the pH value in the regulating tank to be 6.8-7.2, then carrying out aeration oxygenation on the sewage, controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen to be 1.9-4.5 mg/L, and finally introducing the sewage subjected to aerobic digestion into a first biological treatment tank;
the fourth step: heavy metal ion precipitation treatment
Adding sulfate reducing bacteria into the sewage in the first biological treatment tank under the anaerobic regulation, and reducing the sulfate into H through dissimilatory sulfate reduction2S, heavy metal ions in the wastewater can be mixed with the generated H2S reacts to form a precipitate of a low-solubility metal sulfide, H2SO4SO4 can be reduced by2-Converting into S2-to raise the pH value of the waste water, so that the ion product of metal ion hydroxide in the waste water is small and precipitates, the removal rate of the waste water with Cr6+ concentration of 30-40 mg/L can reach 99.67% -99.97% by a biochemical method, and then the waste water from which the metal precipitates are removed in the first biological treatment tank is led into a second biological treatment tank;
the fifth step: microbial enzyme catalytic treatment
Adding microbial enzyme into the sewage in the second biological treatment tank, ensuring sufficient oxygen, controlling the concentration of the oxygen to be 2.0-5.0 mg/L, carrying out oxidative degradation on organic matters in the sewage under the catalytic action of the microbial enzyme, degrading large organic matter molecules into constitutional units of monosaccharide, amino acid or glycerol and fatty acid, oxidizing carbon dioxide, water, acetyl coenzyme A, alpha-ketoglutaric acid (or called alpha-oxoglutaric acid) or oxalacetic acid (also called oxaloacetic acid), oxidizing the acetyl coenzyme A, the alpha-ketoglutaric acid and the oxaloacetic acid into carbon dioxide and water, releasing certain energy at each stage of the oxidative degradation of the organic matters, and finally introducing the organic matters into a third biological treatment tank;
And a sixth step: treatment for degrading ammonia nitrogen
Performing biochemical degradation and adsorption on the sewage in the third biological treatment tank, degrading ammonia nitrogen in the sewage, and finally introducing the sewage into the first sedimentation tank; the method for degrading ammonia nitrogen in the sewage in the sixth step comprises the following steps: adding ammonia nitrogen remover, biological treatment (A/O, A2/O), chemical oxidation and physical stripping.
The seventh step: flocculant precipitation treatment
Adding a flocculating agent into the first sedimentation tank, wherein the flocculating agent leads suspended particles in water to generate water treatment of coagulation sedimentation, slowly stirring the sewage in the first sedimentation tank after adding the flocculating agent, standing after slowly stirring, colliding and coagulating colloid and dispersed particles of suspended matters with each other to generate floccule under the action of molecular attraction force, finally forming flocculation sedimentation at the bottom of the first sedimentation tank, and leading the sewage into the second sedimentation tank after removing the flocculation sedimentation; and in the seventh step, adding coagulant aid into the first sedimentation tank, wherein the addition amount of the coagulant aid is one third of that of the flocculant, and the coagulant aid comprises bleaching powder, ferric chloride, polyaluminium chloride and hydrated lime. In the seventh step, a conditioner is added into the first sedimentation tank, and the conditioner comprises calcium chloride and ferric chloride.
Eighth step: multi-stage separation filtration treatment
Sewage in the first sewage sediment flows into a second sewage sediment tank, ten groups of vibration filter screens and filter screens with the number not smaller than ten are arranged in the second sewage sediment tank, the sewage is subjected to multi-stage separation and filtration in the second sewage sediment tank, and the separated and filtered sewage is guided into a disinfection tank;
the ninth step: disinfection treatment
Ultraviolet sterilization equipment and air purification equipment are installed on the sterilization tank, then a sterilization sheet is added to the water body in the sterilization tank for sterilization, and after precipitation is carried out for 48-84 hours, the water body is guided into the first purification tank;
the tenth step: plant purification treatment
The first purification tank is internally paved with a rubble layer, a coarse sand layer, a fine sand layer, a biological packing layer, an engineering bacterium layer, a humus soil layer and a greening vegetable layer from bottom to top in sequence, and the upper side of the purification tank is provided with a water outlet pipe connected with outward drainage;
the eleventh step: natural purification treatment
The second purifying tank is in an open air state, aquatic plants are planted in the second purifying tank and comprise water hyacinth, duckweed and reed, the plants are cultured through water culture, the convenience and sanitation are realized, and meanwhile, the aquatic plants cultured in the second purifying tank can be used as agricultural feed after the aquatic plants are mature;
the twelfth step: discharging
And (4) storing the water body in the second purifying pond in the tenth step, wherein the stored water body is used for fire fighting, greening irrigation, ground flushing, agricultural irrigation and daily water use.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the invention realizes the multi-level and different-depth treatment of the sewage from the aspects of physical filtration, biological treatment, chemical treatment, natural treatment and the like by treating the sewage in the expressway operating station area from the first step to the tenth step, improves the treatment efficiency of the sewage in the expressway operating station area, and improves the creativity of the sewage treatment system.
In the second step, the suspended matters are treated by oil extraction and air flotation in the sewage fine treatment, air is put into the pretreatment tank through the aeration device and is separated out from the water in the form of micro bubbles, micro granular pollution impurities (such as emulsified oil) with the density close to that of the water in the sewage are adhered to the bubbles and rise to the water surface along with the bubbles to form foam scum for removal, and the suspended matters are pumped away through the matching of the suction pump and the blower, so that the treatment efficiency of the suspended matters in the sewage is improved, and the treatment efficiency of the sewage in the operating station area of the expressway is correspondingly improved.
The invention reduces the sulfate into H by adding sulfate reducing bacteria in the fourth step and reducing the sulfate into H by dissimilatory sulfate reduction2S, heavy metal ions in the wastewater can be mixed with the generated H2S reacts to generate metal sulfide with low solubility to be precipitated and removed, thereby realizingHeavy metal ions possibly existing in the sewage can be precipitated and removed, so that the sewage treatment and purification efficiency is ensured.
According to the invention, the flocculating agent is added in the seventh step, so that suspended particles in water are subjected to water treatment of coagulation sedimentation, colloids and dispersed particles of suspended matters are mutually collided and coagulated to generate floccules under the action of molecular attraction force, and finally, the flocculation sedimentation is formed at the bottom of the first sedimentation tank, so that the sewage sedimentation discharge efficiency of the sewage sedimentation treatment device is further ensured.
According to the invention, plant purification treatment is adopted in the tenth step, and the crushed stone layer, the coarse sand layer, the fine sand layer, the biological filler layer, the engineering bacteria layer, the humus soil layer and the greening vegetation layer are laid in the first purification tank from bottom to top in sequence, so that the final water body can be filtered through the crushed stone layer, the coarse sand layer and the fine sand layer existing in nature, and meanwhile, substances in the water body can be absorbed and utilized by the greening vegetation, so that the water body purification effect is realized, and meanwhile, the greening vegetation also plays a role in embodying the green and environment-friendly effect of the invention.
The plant water treatment method in the tenth step has the advantages of cleanness, environmental protection, effective reduction of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in water bodies, convenience and sanitation due to the fact that the aquatic plants in the tenth step comprise water hyacinth, duckweed and reed, the plants are cultured in a water culture mode, and meanwhile the aquatic plants are cultured in the second purifying tank, so that the mature aquatic plants can be used as agricultural feeds, the cost is low, the effect is good, and meanwhile, the plant water treatment method has important popularization values in the field of sewage treatment.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for an expressway operating station area is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following working steps:
the first step is as follows: coarse pretreatment of sewage
Collecting all sewage in a highway service area, discharging the collected sewage into a pretreatment tank through a sewage truck to form mixed sewage, driving a plurality of layers of physical filter screens in the pretreatment tank through a hydraulic cylinder, and physically filtering the sewage entering the pretreatment tank by the physical filter screens to filter out large-volume impurities, dirt, foreign matters and the like in the mixed sewage;
then, leading the comprehensive sewage into a septic tank for pretreatment, removing suspended matters and sludge in the sewage, and then leading the pretreated comprehensive sewage into a regulating tank;
the second step is that: fine treatment of sewage
Pretreating the sewage with large-volume impurities, dirt and foreign matters filtered in the pretreatment tank in the first step, then introducing the sewage into a septic tank for removing sludge and removing suspended matters, wherein the suspension removal method is adopted in the process, air is placed into the pretreatment tank through an aeration device and is separated out from the water in the form of micro bubbles, micro granular pollution impurities (such as emulsified oil) with the density similar to that of the water in the sewage are adhered to the bubbles and rise to the water surface along with the bubbles to form foam scum for removing, and the suspended matters are pumped away through the matching of an absorption pump and a blower, wherein the sludge removal in the process is realized by adopting a standing precipitation method, the sewage in the pretreatment tank is kept stand for 3-5 days, and finally the sludge except the sludge precipitated at the bottom layer is all introduced into a regulating tank through a water pump;
The third step: aerobic digestion treatment
Stirring the sewage entering the regulating tank to a uniform state, regulating the pH value in the regulating tank, and finally introducing the sewage subjected to aerobic digestion into the first biological treatment tank;
the fourth step: heavy metal ion precipitation treatment
The first biological treatment pool adds sulfur to the sewage under the anaerobic regulationAcid salt reducing bacteria for reducing sulfate to H by dissimilatory sulfate reduction2S, heavy metal ions in the wastewater can be mixed with the generated H2S, generating metal sulfide precipitate with low solubility by reaction, removing the metal sulfide precipitate, and introducing the sewage from which the metal precipitate is removed in the first biological treatment tank into a second biological treatment tank;
the fifth step: microbial enzyme catalytic treatment
Adding microbial enzyme into the sewage in the second biological treatment tank, simultaneously ensuring sufficient oxygen, controlling the concentration of the oxygen to be 2.0-5.0 mg/L, carrying out oxidative degradation on organic matters in the sewage under the catalytic action of the microbial enzyme, and finally introducing the organic matters into a third biological treatment tank;
and a sixth step: treatment for degrading ammonia nitrogen
Performing biochemical degradation and adsorption on the sewage in the third biological treatment tank, degrading ammonia nitrogen in the sewage, and finally introducing the sewage into the first sedimentation tank;
The seventh step: flocculant precipitation treatment
Adding a flocculating agent into the first sedimentation tank, wherein the flocculating agent leads suspended particles in water to generate water treatment of coagulation sedimentation, slowly stirring the sewage in the first sedimentation tank after adding the flocculating agent, standing after slowly stirring, colliding and coagulating colloid and dispersed particles of suspended matters with each other to generate floccule under the action of molecular attraction force, finally forming flocculation sedimentation at the bottom of the first sedimentation tank, and leading the sewage into the second sedimentation tank after removing the flocculation sedimentation;
eighth step: multi-stage separation filtration treatment
Sewage in the first sewage sediment flows into a second sewage sediment tank, ten groups of vibration filter screens and filter screens with the number not smaller than ten are arranged in the second sewage sediment tank, the sewage is subjected to multi-stage separation and filtration in the second sewage sediment tank, and the separated and filtered sewage is guided into a disinfection tank;
the ninth step: disinfection treatment
Ultraviolet sterilization equipment and air purification equipment are installed on the sterilization tank, then a sterilization sheet is added to the water body in the sterilization tank for sterilization, and after precipitation is carried out for 48-84 hours, the water body is guided into the first purification tank;
the tenth step: plant purification treatment
A rubble layer, a coarse sand layer, a fine sand layer, a biological packing layer, an engineering bacterium layer, a humus soil layer and a greening vegetable layer are sequentially laid in the first purifying pool from bottom to top, a water outlet pipe connected with outward drainage is installed on the upper side of the purifying pool, and water in the first purifying pool is introduced into the second purifying pool through the water outlet pipe;
The eleventh step: natural purification treatment
The second purifying tank is in an open air state, and aquatic plants are planted in the second purifying tank;
the twelfth step: discharging
And (4) storing the water body in the second purifying pond in the tenth step, wherein the stored water body is used for fire fighting, greening irrigation, ground flushing, agricultural irrigation and daily water use.
2. The comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operating station area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, coagulant is added into the pretreatment tank and contacts with suspended matters in the sewage, so that the air floatation effect can be improved, and more suspended matters and foam scum in the sewage can be taken away.
3. The comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operating station area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the third step, the pH value of the regulating tank is regulated to 6.8-7.2, then aeration and oxygenation are carried out on the sewage, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 1.9-4.5 mg/L.
4. The comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operating station area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: h in the fourth step 2SO4SO4 can be reduced by2-The conversion into S2-raises the pH value of the wastewater, so that the ion product of metal ion hydroxide in the wastewater is small and precipitates, and the biochemical method is used for treating the wastewater containing Cr6+ with the concentration of 30-40 mg/LThe removal rate of the waste water can reach 99.67-99.97%.
5. The comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operating station area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the large organic molecules in the fifth step are degraded into constitutional units, namely monosaccharide, amino acid or glycerol and fatty acid, carbon dioxide, water, acetyl coenzyme A, alpha-ketoglutaric acid (or alpha-oxoglutaric acid) or oxalacetic acid (or oxaloacetic acid), the acetyl coenzyme A, the alpha-ketoglutaric acid and the oxaloacetic acid are oxidized into carbon dioxide and water, and the organic substances release certain energy in each stage of oxidative degradation.
6. The comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operating station area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for degrading ammonia nitrogen in the sewage in the sixth step comprises the following steps: adding ammonia nitrogen remover, biological treatment (A/O, A2/O), chemical oxidation and physical stripping.
7. The comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operating station area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the seventh step, a coagulant aid is added into the first sedimentation tank, the addition amount of the coagulant aid is one third of that of the flocculant, and the coagulant aid comprises bleaching powder, ferric chloride, polyaluminium chloride and hydrated lime.
8. The comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operating station area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the seventh step, a conditioner is also added into the first sedimentation tank, and the conditioner comprises calcium chloride and ferric chloride.
9. The comprehensive sewage treatment and resource utilization method for the expressway operating station area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the tenth step plant water treatment method is clean and environment-friendly, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the water body is effectively reduced, the aquatic plants in the tenth step comprise water hyacinth, duckweed and reed, the plants are cultured through water culture, the convenience and sanitation are realized, and meanwhile, the aquatic plants are cultured in the second purifying tank, so that the mature aquatic plants can be used as agricultural feed.
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