CN113941680B - Volume multidirectional forming device under high-temperature vacuum condition and preparation method - Google Patents
Volume multidirectional forming device under high-temperature vacuum condition and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113941680B CN113941680B CN202111094430.0A CN202111094430A CN113941680B CN 113941680 B CN113941680 B CN 113941680B CN 202111094430 A CN202111094430 A CN 202111094430A CN 113941680 B CN113941680 B CN 113941680B
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- vacuum
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007666 vacuum forming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/02—Special design or construction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K27/00—Handling devices, e.g. for feeding, aligning, discharging, Cutting-off means; Arrangement thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a volume multidirectional forming device under a high-temperature vacuum condition, which comprises: the device comprises a blank, a die, a left ejector rod, a die sleeve, a right ejector rod, an upper ejector rod, a lower base, an upper platform, a manipulator, a vacuum chamber, an induction heating system, a high-temperature forming control system and a vacuum system, wherein the manipulator is used for replacing and taking out the blank in the vacuum chamber; the induction heating system is used for controlling the temperature of the die sleeve; the high-temperature forming control system is used for controlling the left ejector rod, the right ejector rod, the upper platform, the upper ejector rod, the machine and the lower platform. The application can improve the comprehensive mechanical property and quality of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of metal forging, in particular to a volume multidirectional forming device under a high-temperature vacuum condition and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The multidirectional hot-pressing manufacturing is an advanced forging technology with high quality, precision, material saving and consumption reduction, is used for precision manufacturing of complex structures, and is an ideal forming technology for aerospace, nuclear power, ultra-supercritical thermal power and petrochemical precision complex forgings. As the requirements of the difficult-to-deform metal materials on mechanical properties are higher and higher, the prior art cannot meet the requirements. Particularly, when the high-temperature multidirectional (such as titanium alloy, superalloy and the like) forming is performed at high temperature, high-temperature anti-oxidation coating is sprayed on the surface of a structural member, so that the forming precision of the surface of the material is affected, near-net forming cannot be realized, the difficulty and pollution of removing the coating are increased, and if the coating is uneven, the risk of oxidation or hydrogenation still exists, so that the service of the material is invalid. Meanwhile, as the requirement of human being on environment friendliness is higher and higher, the energy consumption is low, and green manufacturing is a trend of future manufacturing industry. Therefore, how to efficiently and environmentally manufacture lightweight high temperature formed structural members becomes a manufacturing bottleneck.
Disclosure of Invention
The application solves the technical problems that: overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a volume multidirectional forming device under high-temperature vacuum condition and a preparation method.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
in a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a volumetric multidirectional forming apparatus under high temperature vacuum conditions, the apparatus comprising: blank, mould, left ejector rod, mould sleeve, right ejector rod, upper ejector rod, lower base, upper platform, manipulator, vacuum chamber, induction heating system, high-temperature forming control system and vacuum system,
the number of the dies is two, one side of each die is of a plane structure, the other side of each die is of a concave structure, and the concave structures of the two dies are opposite to each other and are provided with a gap for placing the blank;
the two dies are respectively provided with a left ejector rod and a right ejector rod, and the left ejector rod and the right ejector rod respectively penetrate through the two die sleeves and the two dies;
one end of the die, one end of the blank and one end of the die sleeve are all fixed on the lower base;
one end of the upper ejector rod is fixed on the upper platform, and the other end of the upper ejector rod is opposite to the blank so as to extrude the blank;
the blank, the die, the left ejector rod, the die sleeve, the right ejector rod, the upper ejector rod, the lower base, the upper platform and the manipulator are all arranged in the vacuum chamber;
the induction heating system, the high-temperature forming control system and the vacuum system are connected with the vacuum chamber;
the manipulator is used for replacing and taking out blanks in the vacuum chamber;
the induction heating system is used for controlling the temperature of the die sleeve;
the high-temperature forming control system is used for controlling the left ejector rod, the right ejector rod, the upper platform, the upper ejector rod, the machine and the lower platform.
Optionally, the lower platform is divided into a left part and a right part.
Optionally, a heating wire is provided within the mold sleeve to raise the temperature of the mold to a deformation temperature.
Optionally, the high-temperature forming control system controls the side top cylinder to regulate and control the left ejector rod and the right ejector rod, controls the upper platform to regulate and control the movement of the upper ejector rod, controls the manipulator to take and put blanks, and controls the right side door of the lower platform to move rightwards.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a lightweight high-temperature formed structural member, which is applied to the above device, and the method includes:
putting the die into a die sleeve and fixing the die on a lower platform formed in high-temperature vacuum;
controlling a manipulator to take blanks through a high-temperature forming control system, and placing the blanks into the die;
pumping the vacuum chamber to a vacuum state through a vacuum system;
heating the mold sleeve to a set temperature by an induction heating system;
the upper platform is controlled to drive the upper ejector rod to move downwards by utilizing high-temperature forming control, the blank is subjected to backward extrusion, and then the left ejector rod and the right ejector rod are controlled to move towards the central blank, so that backward extrusion is generated;
after keeping warm for a certain time, controlling each upper ejector rod, each left ejector rod and each right ejector rod to restore to the original positions;
the right side door of the lower platform is controlled to move rightwards through a high-temperature control system;
and controlling the manipulator to take out the blank so as to move the formed part to a proper position of the vacuum chamber through the manipulator and replace the next blank.
Optionally, the blank is made of stainless steel, titanium alloy, superalloy, intermetallic compound, metal-based composite material.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that:
(1) According to the application, high-temperature paint is not required to be sprayed in a vacuum environment, so that the structure is prevented from being exposed to the atmosphere at high temperature, the performance of the multidirectional hot-pressed part is stable, the high-precision structural part with no surface pollution such as oxidation can be prepared from the difficult-to-deform metal material during high-temperature forming, the near-net forming is realized, the energy consumption can be saved, and the cost can be reduced;
(2) The multi-directional hot pressing equipment in the vacuum environment can complete the integral structure of the three-way valve body by one-time hot pressing, comprises a three-way flange and a three-way inner hole, even does not need excess material flash, overcomes the defects of the prior art, effectively improves the utilization rate of raw materials by more than 20 percent, improves the machining efficiency by more than 60 percent, realizes the forging and forming of metal all-fiber, and improves the comprehensive mechanical property and quality of products.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a volumetric multidirectional forming device under a high-temperature vacuum condition according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a manipulator picking and placing operation according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a horizontal movement of a lower platform according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of steps in a method for manufacturing a lightweight high-temperature formed structural member according to an embodiment of the present application;
the reference numerals are as follows:
1. blank, 2, mould, 3, left ejector pin, 4, mould sleeve, 5, right ejector pin, 6, upper ejector pin, 7, lower base, 8, upper platform, 9, manipulator, 10, vacuum chamber, 11, induction heating system, 12, high temperature forming control system, 13, vacuum system.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a volumetric multidirectional forming device under a high-temperature vacuum condition according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the apparatus may include: blank 1, mould 2, left ejector pin 3, mould sleeve 4, right ejector pin 5, upper ejector pin 6, lower base 7, upper platform 8, manipulator 9, vacuum chamber 10, induction heating system 11, high temperature forming control system 12, vacuum system 13.
The number of the dies 2 is two, one side of each die 2 is of a planar structure, the other side of each die 2 is of a concave structure, and the concave structures of the two dies 2 are opposite to each other and are provided with a gap for placing the blank 1;
a die sleeve 4 is arranged on one side of the plane structure of the two dies 2, and the left ejector rod and the right ejector rod respectively penetrate through the two die sleeve 4 and the two dies;
one end of the die 2, one end of the blank 1 and one end of the die sleeve 4 are fixed on the lower base;
one end of the upper ejector rod is fixed on the upper platform, and the other end of the upper ejector rod is opposite to the blank so as to extrude the blank 1;
the blank 1, the die 2, the left ejector rod, the die sleeve 4, the right ejector rod, the upper ejector rod, the lower base, the upper platform and the manipulator are all arranged in the vacuum chamber;
the induction heating system, the high-temperature forming control system and the vacuum system are connected with the vacuum chamber;
the manipulator is used for replacing and taking out the blank 1 in the vacuum chamber;
the induction heating system is used for controlling the temperature of the die sleeve 4;
the high-temperature forming control system is used for controlling the left ejector rod, the right ejector rod, the upper platform, the upper ejector rod, the machine and the lower platform.
Further, the multidirectional hot-pressed blank 1 is placed in the die 2, the die 2 is placed in the die sleeve 4, and is fixed on the lower platform 7, and the lower platform 7 is divided into a left block and a right block.
Further, a heating wire is arranged in the die sleeve 4 to raise the die to the material deformation temperature, and further, a control system of the thermoforming machine controls the left ejector rod 3 and the right ejector rod 5 in the vacuum chamber to horizontally move towards the center, and the upper platform 8 drives the upper ejector rod 6 to move downwards.
Further, the induction heating system 11 controls the temperature of the sleeve mold 4, the high-temperature forming control system 12 controls the side top cylinders to regulate and control the left top rod 3 and the right top rod 5, the upper platform 8 to regulate and control the movement of the upper top rod 6, the manipulator 9 to take and put the blank 1, the right side door of the lower platform 7 to move rightwards, and the vacuum system 13 to regulate and control the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber 9.
Example two
Referring to fig. 4, a method for manufacturing a lightweight high-temperature forming structural member according to an embodiment of the present application may be applied to the apparatus according to the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, and may include the following steps:
step 401: the mold is placed into a mold sleeve and fixed on a lower platform for high temperature vacuum forming.
Step 402: and controlling the manipulator to take the blank through a high-temperature forming control system, and placing the blank into the die.
In the embodiment, a die can be fixed on a high-temperature vacuum forming lower platform, small batches of TC4 titanium alloy bars are placed in a vacuum chamber in advance, the vacuum chamber is pumped to the vacuum degree of 10 < -4 > Pa by using a high-temperature forming control system, and a manipulator is controlled to take blanks and place the blanks into the die.
Step 403: the vacuum chamber is evacuated to a vacuum state by a vacuum system.
The vacuum system pumps the vacuum chamber to a vacuum state, the vacuum degree reaches 10 < -4 > Pa, and the requirements of an oxygen-free and hydrogen-free environment are met.
Step 404: the mold sleeve is heated to a set temperature by an induction heating system.
The induction heating system heated the wire by a heating sleeve and heated the wire at a current density of 10A/mm2 and heated the die to 700 c by heat radiation.
Step 405: the upper platform is controlled by high-temperature forming control to drive the upper ejector rod to move downwards to produce backward extrusion on the blank, and then the left ejector rod and the right ejector rod are controlled to move towards the central blank to produce backward extrusion.
Step 406: after the heat preservation is carried out for a certain time, the upper ejector rods, the left ejector rods and the right ejector rods are controlled to restore to the original positions.
The upper platform is controlled by high-temperature forming control to drive the upper ejector rod to move downwards for a certain distance of 700mm to carry out backward extrusion on the blank, then, the left ejector rod and the right ejector rod are controlled to move to the central blank for a certain distance of 200mm to generate certain backward extrusion, so that the blank is full of a cavity, and after a certain period of heat preservation, each ejector rod is restored to the original position.
Step 407: and controlling the right side door of the lower platform to move rightwards through a high-temperature control system.
Step 408: and controlling the manipulator to take out the blank so as to move the formed part to a proper position of the vacuum chamber through the manipulator and replace the next blank.
The right side door of the lower platform is controlled by the high-temperature control system to move rightwards for 600mm, then the manipulator is controlled to take out the blank, the manipulator moves the formed part to a proper position of the vacuum chamber, and the next blank is replaced.
By using the volume multidirectional forming process and the volume multidirectional forming device under the high-temperature vacuum condition, the formed high-performance complex structural member meeting the requirement of high-temperature resistance and light weight is formed, so that the problems of low deformation speed, long-time processing, complex working procedure and the like of the existing forming method of the metal pipe are solved, and the accurate shape control of multidirectional forming of the blank is realized. The method overcomes the defects of the existing processing method, and completes the high-temperature plastic deformation of the high-performance difficult-to-deform material.
The described embodiments of the present application will enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the application, but do not limit it in any way. Accordingly, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application may be modified or equivalents substituted; all technical solutions and modifications thereof that do not depart from the spirit and technical essence of the application should be included in the protection scope of the patent of the application.
What is not described in detail in the present specification is common general knowledge of a person skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. A volumetric multidirectional forming apparatus under high-temperature vacuum conditions, said apparatus comprising: blank, mould, left ejector rod, mould sleeve, right ejector rod, upper ejector rod, lower base, upper platform, manipulator, vacuum chamber, induction heating system, high-temperature forming control system and vacuum system,
the number of the dies is two, one side of each die is of a plane structure, the other side of each die is of a concave structure, and the concave structures of the two dies are opposite to each other and are provided with a gap for placing the blank;
the two dies are respectively provided with a left ejector rod and a right ejector rod, and the left ejector rod and the right ejector rod respectively penetrate through the two die sleeves and the two dies;
one end of the die, one end of the blank and one end of the die sleeve are all fixed on the lower base;
one end of the upper ejector rod is fixed on the upper platform, and the other end of the upper ejector rod is opposite to the blank so as to extrude the blank;
the blank, the die, the left ejector rod, the die sleeve, the right ejector rod, the upper ejector rod, the lower base, the upper platform and the manipulator are all arranged in the vacuum chamber;
the induction heating system, the high-temperature forming control system and the vacuum system are connected with the vacuum chamber;
the manipulator is used for replacing and taking out blanks in the vacuum chamber;
the induction heating system is used for controlling the temperature of the die sleeve;
the high-temperature forming control system is used for controlling the left ejector rod, the right ejector rod, the upper platform, the upper ejector rod and the machine.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lower platform is divided into left and right sections.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a heating wire is provided within the mold sleeve to raise the temperature of the mold to a deformation temperature.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the high temperature forming control system controls the side top cylinders to regulate the left top rod, the right top rod, the upper platform to regulate the movement of the upper top rod, the manipulator to pick and place blanks, and the lower platform right side door to move rightward.
5. A method for manufacturing a lightweight high temperature formed structural member for use in the apparatus of claim 1, comprising:
putting the die into a die sleeve and fixing the die on a lower platform formed in high-temperature vacuum;
controlling a manipulator to take blanks through a high-temperature forming control system, and placing the blanks into the die;
pumping the vacuum chamber to a vacuum state through a vacuum system;
heating the mold sleeve to a set temperature by an induction heating system;
the upper ejector rod is driven to move downwards by utilizing the high-temperature forming control upper platform to carry out backward extrusion on the blank, and then the left ejector rod and the right ejector rod are controlled to move towards the central blank to generate backward extrusion;
after keeping warm for a certain time, controlling each upper ejector rod, each left ejector rod and each right ejector rod to restore to the original positions;
the right side door of the lower platform is controlled to move rightwards through a high-temperature control system;
and controlling the manipulator to take out the blank so as to move the formed part to a proper position of the vacuum chamber through the manipulator and replace the next blank.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the blank is made of stainless steel, titanium alloy, superalloy, intermetallic compound, metal-based composite material.
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CN202111094430.0A CN113941680B (en) | 2021-09-17 | 2021-09-17 | Volume multidirectional forming device under high-temperature vacuum condition and preparation method |
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CN202111094430.0A CN113941680B (en) | 2021-09-17 | 2021-09-17 | Volume multidirectional forming device under high-temperature vacuum condition and preparation method |
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CN113941680B true CN113941680B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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JPH06183753A (en) * | 1992-02-01 | 1994-07-05 | Canon Inc | Method and device for producing optical element |
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