CN113940343A - Paraquat composition containing esterified starch and application of paraquat composition to attenuation of mammals - Google Patents
Paraquat composition containing esterified starch and application of paraquat composition to attenuation of mammals Download PDFInfo
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- CN113940343A CN113940343A CN202010689940.1A CN202010689940A CN113940343A CN 113940343 A CN113940343 A CN 113940343A CN 202010689940 A CN202010689940 A CN 202010689940A CN 113940343 A CN113940343 A CN 113940343A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a paraquat composition comprising an esterified starch and the use thereof for attenuating toxicity in mammals, said paraquat composition comprising paraquat and an esterified starch, the esterified starch being a water-soluble anionic esterified starch. The weight ratio of paraquat to esterified starch is 1: (0.1-1.0). The esterified starch is added to the paraquat composition, so that the active ingredient paraquat cannot be absorbed by intestines and stomach of mammals after the paraquat is mistakenly taken by the mammals under the condition that the paraquat raw medicine, the mother medicine and the preparation are dissolved in water, and the paraquat is prevented from entering blood of the mammals, so that the paraquat is nontoxic or slightly toxic to the mammals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a paraquat composition containing esterified starch and application of the paraquat composition to attenuation of mammals.
Background
Paraquat is a quick non-selective quaternary ammonium salt herbicide, is widely applied to agricultural cultivation due to strong weeding effect and low price, makes great contribution to grain yield increase, production cost reduction and no-tillage technology development all over the world, and brings immeasurable economic benefits. However, paraquat, a highly toxic compound, also causes irreversible lung injury and fibrosis in mammals, especially humans, and deteriorates between days and 3 weeks after ingestion, where hundreds of thousands of people die each year from ingestion of paraquat.
Paraquat poisoning seriously threatens the life safety and the physical health of patients. The conventional treatment method of paraquat poisoning is emetic and gastric lavage, and the novel treatment method of paraquat poisoning mainly comprises lung transplantation, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation, methylprednisolone combined technology and the like at present.
However, the above conventional treatment methods can only alleviate the disease to some extent, cannot completely control the progress of the disease and finally cure, and it is a post-cure, and damage to mammals and humans has been caused. In particular, advanced technologies such as lung transplantation and stem cell transplantation are not mature enough. For example, in lung transplantation therapy, fibrosis is reoccurred in some cases; the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is combined with methylprednisolone to treat paraquat poisoning, and serious complications such as lung infection, drug-induced liver and kidney damage and the like can be caused.
The measures adopted at present are mainly to hope to reduce the concentration of paraquat in blood as early as possible, and how to thoroughly remove residual paraquat in intestinal tracts and reduce subsequent continuous damage to lung tissues by advancing a treatment time window.
The existing rescue methods mainly take prevention and symptomatic treatment, generally carry out the rescue by direct detoxification, indirect detoxification or paraquat metabolism promotion, including extracorporeal treatment methods such as hemodialysis and the like, and can slow the state of an illness to a certain extent but cannot control the curative effect exactly because the existing rescue methods are less related to the treatment link after poisoning. In the existing therapeutic drugs, chemical chelating agents or macromolecular adsorbents are mostly used, but the drugs are difficult to be used for human bodies because of poor safety in vivo and possibly larger toxic and side effects. For the combination therapy of Chinese medicinal materials, the material base and detoxification mechanism are unknown, and the drug effect is interfered by the raw materials of crude drugs, the processing method, the strong hepatotoxicity of individual medicinal materials, the compatibility dosage, individual difference and other influencing factors, so that the prevention and treatment effect is uncertain. However, there is no effective method for preventing paraquat poisoning in advance, especially for preventing paraquat poisoning in case of taking the medicine by mistake. Therefore, it is important to explore the poisoning mechanism of paraquat and the antidote.
The invention finds out that a more effective toxicity prevention way for paraquat is to block the absorption of paraquat in the intestines and stomach of a human body and block paraquat from entering the blood of a mammal, so that the paraquat cannot immediately cause the poisoning of the mammal or can completely avoid the poisoning of the mammal even if entering the intestines and stomach of the mammal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a paraquat composition for reducing toxicity to mammals, which comprises paraquat and esterified starch, wherein the esterified starch is water-soluble anionic esterified starch.
The water-soluble anionic esterified starch is used as a detoxifying agent of the paraquat, and can prevent the paraquat from being poisoned by the mammal after being taken by mistake or reduce the physiological damage of the paraquat to the mammal after being added into the paraquat.
In the present invention, an attenuating agent is defined as being capable of reducing the toxicity of paraquat, i.e., in the case where the attenuating agent is included before paraquat is taken by a mammal, the mammal is not poisoned by the attenuating agent after the paraquat is taken by the mammal or physiological damage of paraquat to the mammal is reduced, and damage to the mammal is delayed. The toxicity reducing agent of paraquat of the present invention is different from the toxicity reducing agent commonly known in the art, and is used by mixing paraquat with the toxicity reducing agent before the paraquat is taken by mistake, that is, mixing the toxicity reducing agent with paraquat in the process of preparing a paraquat raw drug, a mother drug or a paraquat preparation, and the paraquat mixed with the toxicity reducing agent does not cause poisoning or reduce physiological damage of paraquat to mammals even if the paraquat is taken by mistake, thereby delaying damage to the mammals. The term "attenuation" in the context of the present invention means that the toxicity of the medicament such as paraquat raw drug, mother drug, preparation and the like is reduced, and the toxicity of paraquat to the mammal can be reduced even if the mammal takes the medicament by mistake by adding the attenuation agent, so that the poisoning of paraquat can not be caused or the toxicity of paraquat to the mammal can be reduced, and the window period of treatment after the poisoning of the mammal can be prolonged.
Preferably, in the above paraquat composition, the weight ratio of paraquat to esterified starch is 1: (0.01-10.00); preferably, the weight ratio of paraquat to esterified starch is 1: (0.1-5.0); particularly preferably, the weight ratio of paraquat to esterified starch is 1: (0.1-1.0).
The attenuation effect of the water-soluble anionic esterified starch on paraquat is found in an attenuation experiment of mammals by using paraquat, and the toxicity experiment of the mixture of the water-soluble anionic esterified starch and paraquat, namely the toxicity experiment of mammals by using a composition containing paraquat and esterified starch proves that the esterified starch can reduce the toxicity of paraquat in mammals.
The water-insoluble content of the water-soluble, anionically esterified starch is less than or equal to 1.0%, preferably less than or equal to 0.5%, by weight of the anionically esterified starch.
Among them, esterified starch is a starch derivative produced by reacting hydroxyl groups on starch molecules with an inorganic acid or an organic acid, and is also called esterified starch, and many acids can be esterified with starch.
Of the anionic esterified starches, the water-soluble anionic esterified starches, in which the pH value is neutral, are more advantageous mainly for the above-mentioned paraquat composition, and the water-soluble anionic esterified starches are more advantageous for attenuation. For example, particles of starch phosphate are negatively charged, are cold water soluble, and are highly viscous and stable in aqueous solution.
Preferably, in the paraquat composition, the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is a sodium salt, a potassium salt or an ammonium salt of one or more of starch phosphate monoester, starch nitrate, starch sulfate and starch xanthate. Namely, the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is one or more of starch phosphate monoester sodium salt, starch phosphate monoester potassium salt, starch phosphate monoester ammonium salt, starch nitrate sodium salt, starch nitrate potassium salt, starch nitrate ammonium salt, starch sulfate sodium salt, starch sulfate potassium salt, starch sulfate ammonium salt, starch xanthate sodium salt, starch xanthate potassium salt and starch xanthate ammonium salt.
The anionic esterified starch can realize the attenuation effect on the paraquat, namely, the composition formed by adding the anionic esterified starch to the paraquat can effectively reduce the toxicity of the paraquat to mammals if the composition is taken by the mammals by mistake.
Preferably, in the paraquat composition, the esterified starch can achieve attenuation of 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridyl dichloride (CAS number: 1910-42-5), can also achieve attenuation of 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridyl bisulphate monomethyl ester salt (CAS number: 2074-50-2), and can also achieve attenuation of soluble salts of 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridyl cation (CAS number: 4685-14-7) with anions other than chloride ions and sulfate ions.
Therefore, in the above-mentioned paraquat composition, the paraquat is 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridine dichloride, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridine monosulfate salt or other soluble salt of 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridine cation, and preferably, the paraquat is 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridine dichloride or 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridine monosulfate salt.
Preferably, in the above paraquat composition, the sum of the weight of paraquat and esterified starch in the paraquat composition accounts for 5-99% of the weight of the paraquat composition, or the sum of the weight of paraquat and esterified starch in the paraquat composition accounts for 100-10000ppm of the weight of the paraquat composition.
That is, the paraquat composition can be paraquat raw drug, paraquat mother drug, or paraquat preparation, or even paraquat liquid medicine used for field application after the paraquat preparation is diluted. If the paraquat is high-purity paraquat and the purity of the paraquat is more than 90%, the paraquat raw material and the esterified starch can be directly and fully mixed, and a composition formed after the full mixing can be prepared into a paraquat mother medicine, or the raw material or the mother medicine can be prepared into a paraquat preparation, or the paraquat preparation can be diluted into a liquid medicine capable of weeding in the field by using water.
Therefore, in the above paraquat composition, preferably, the paraquat composition is paraquat raw drug, paraquat mother drug, paraquat preparation or paraquat liquid drug.
The esterified starch in the paraquat composition can realize the attenuation effect on paraquat no matter the paraquat composition is a raw drug, a mother drug or a preparation, or is a liquid medicine diluted into field application, namely, as long as the weight ratio of paraquat to the esterified starch in the paraquat composition is in the range, the paraquat composition can prevent mammals from being poisoned immediately after being taken by mistake, and the toxicity of paraquat to the mammals is reduced.
Preferably, in the paraquat composition, the paraquat composition is formed by mixing paraquat raw drug and esterified starch. The composition can be used as a raw drug, although the purity of the paraquat raw drug is reduced due to the addition of the esterified starch, the composition is more suitable for preparing a paraquat preparation due to the addition of the esterified starch, and due to the effect of the esterified starch, the paraquat composition which can be used as the raw drug is not worried about being taken by a mammal, namely the mammal can be prevented from being poisoned by being taken by mistake in the raw drug stage, for example, a human or livestock takes the composition formed by mixing the paraquat raw drug and the esterified starch by mistake, and the composition can not cause immediate poisoning.
Preferably, in the above paraquat composition, the paraquat composition is a paraquat base drug, that is, esterified starch is added in the process of preparing the paraquat base drug, or esterified starch is added after preparing the paraquat base drug, and the paraquat is attenuated by adding the esterified starch, and the added amount of the esterified starch is 0.1-1.0 times of the weight of paraquat according to the above description. Thus not only the quality of the paraquat mother drug is not influenced, but also the attenuation effect of the esterified starch on paraquat can be realized. The weight content of paraquat in the paraquat mother medicine is 30-45%, and the weight of esterified starch is 3-45%.
Preferably, in the above paraquat composition, the paraquat composition is a paraquat preparation, and the esterified starch may be added in the process of preparing the paraquat preparation, or the esterified starch may be added after the paraquat preparation is prepared, and in any form, the stability of the paraquat preparation is not affected, and the attenuation effect of the paraquat preparation on mammals can be realized. Preferably, in the paraquat composition, the paraquat composition is a paraquat preparation, the dosage form of the paraquat preparation is one of a soluble solution, a water-soluble granule, a water-dispersible granule, a granule, an effervescent tablet, a water-soluble paste and a microcapsule suspension, and the dosage form of the paraquat preparation is preferably a soluble solution or a water-soluble granule. In the paraquat preparation, the weight content of paraquat is 5-30%, the weight content of esterified starch is 0.5-30%, or paraquat is soluble agent, the content of paraquat in the soluble agent is 50-300g/L, and the content of esterified starch is 5-300 g/L.
Preferably, in the paraquat composition, the paraquat composition is a paraquat liquid medicine, namely a liquid medicine capable of being directly sprayed on weeds to weed, the liquid medicine can be obtained by diluting a preparation containing paraquat and esterified starch, or esterified starch can be added in the diluting process of the paraquat preparation not containing esterified starch, and the adding amount is 0.1-2.0 times of the weight of the active ingredients of paraquat in the used paraquat preparation, so that the weeding activity of paraquat can be improved, and the paraquat liquid medicine has an attenuation effect on mammals. Preferably, in the paraquat composition, the paraquat composition is a paraquat liquid medicine, and the concentration of paraquat in the paraquat liquid medicine is less than or equal to 5000 ppm. Preferably, the concentration of paraquat in the paraquat liquid medicine is 100ppm to 5000ppm, and the weight content of the esterified starch is 0.1 to 1.0 time of the weight content of paraquat, namely the concentration of the esterified starch in the paraquat liquid medicine is 10ppm to 5000 ppm.
The invention also provides the use of an esterified starch for the preparation of a composition of paraquat for attenuating mammalian toxicity, said esterified starch being a water-soluble anionic esterified starch.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned application, the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is one or more of starch phosphate monoester sodium salt, starch phosphate monoester potassium salt, starch phosphate monoester ammonium salt, starch nitrate sodium salt, starch nitrate potassium salt, starch nitrate ammonium salt, starch sulfate sodium salt, starch sulfate potassium salt, starch sulfate ammonium salt, starch xanthate sodium salt, starch xanthate potassium salt and starch xanthate ammonium salt.
Preferably, in the above use, the esterified starch is present in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 times the weight of paraquat in the paraquat composition.
Preferably, in the above application, paraquat is 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridine dichloride or 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridine bissulfuric acid monomethyl ester salt.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the paraquat composition for reducing toxicity to mammals, which is characterized in that water-soluble anionic esterified starch is added in the process of preparing paraquat raw medicines, mother medicines and preparations, or the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is added after the paraquat raw medicines, the mother medicines and the preparations are prepared, or the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is added in the process of diluting the paraquat preparation into liquid medicine, or the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is added after the paraquat preparation is diluted into the liquid medicine, and the adding amount of the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is 0.1-2 times of the weight of the paraquat.
Preferably, in the above method, the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is one or more of starch phosphate monoester sodium salt, starch phosphate monoester potassium salt, starch phosphate monoester ammonium salt, starch nitrate sodium salt, starch nitrate potassium salt, starch nitrate ammonium salt, starch sulfate sodium salt, starch sulfate potassium salt, starch sulfate ammonium salt, starch xanthate sodium salt, starch xanthate potassium salt and starch xanthate ammonium salt.
The invention has the advantages of
1. The invention finds that the water-soluble esterified starch can reduce the toxicity of paraquat to mammals. The esterified starch is added to the paraquat composition, so that paraquat is prevented from entering blood of mammals by the esterified starch under the condition that paraquat raw medicines, mother medicines and preparations are dissolved in water, and thus paraquat is non-toxic or slightly toxic to the mammals.
2. The invention verifies the condition that the water-soluble esterified starch has attenuation to paraquat. In the process of developing the paraquat composition, the invention fully tests the property requirements, variety range selection, content range, weeding effect and the like of the esterified starch, and the invention proves that the paraquat composition containing the water-soluble esterified starch can not only be nontoxic or slightly toxic to mammals, but also can ensure that the weeding effect of paraquat is not reduced and even can improve the weeding effect of paraquat.
Detailed Description
The ingredients used in the following examples, 42wt% of paraquat master batch (the percentage being calculated on the mass of 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4' -bipyridine dichloride), starch phosphate monoester sodium salt, starch nitrate sodium salt, starch sulfate sodium salt, and starch xanthate sodium salt were all analytical grade and commercially available.
Example 1: preparation of paraquat composition
The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing paraquat and esterified starch according to a proportion, adding 1000ml of water, fully mixing and dissolving, carrying out rotary drying under reduced pressure, and drying to obtain the paraquat composition.
According to the preparation method 1, the compositions are prepared according to the proportion of the esterified starch and the paraquat mother medicine shown in the following table 1, and the serial number of the prepared paraquat composition, the variety of the esterified starch and the dosage of the paraquat mother liquor are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 composition of esterified starch and paraquat
And (3) preparing a composition DL01-DL04 according to the esterified starch variety, the esterified starch quality and the paraquat mother liquor quality, wherein no other auxiliary agent is added in the preparation process, and the prepared composition DL01-DL04 is dried to be a dry product. The dried product is dissolved into an aqueous solution with the paraquat mass content of 20 percent, and the aqueous solution has no demixing and no precipitation. The prepared aqueous solution is subjected to a cold and hot storage experiment, and no layering phenomenon or precipitation phenomenon is found at the 56 th day, which shows that the stability of the paraquat preparation can be realized only by preparing the paraquat preparation with water-soluble esterified starch.
For example, DL01, DL02, DL03 and DL04 were dissolved in water to form 200g/L of a paraquat aqueous solution, and stability test was conducted on the paraquat aqueous solution under conditions of storage at 54 ℃, 7 ℃ and-25 ℃ for 56 days, and then the stability of the paraquat aqueous solution was observed to be a transparent liquid without delamination and precipitation.
Example 2 toxicity test of Paraquat composition to mammal
Paraquat compositions DL01-DL04 in Table 1 were diluted with sterile aqueous solution to a mass concentration of paraquat of 0.5% and used as experimental samples for future use. Setting a control group with the number of DL05, wherein the control group is prepared by diluting 42wt% of paraquat mother drug to the mass concentration of 0.8% of paraquat and is used as a control sample for standby. A blank set with blank number DL06 was set, sterile water was used as the blank and sterile water as the blank sample.
The prepared samples were subjected to animal toxicity test, each sample was tested in 5 mice, and each mouse was injected with 600. mu.L of the solution into the stomach. The mice were then observed for the number of deaths and the number of survivors per day, and the number of survivors was counted, see table 2 below.
TABLE 2 Effect of Paraquat compositions on survival in mice
In the course of the statistics, the death-determining criteria for the mice were that there was no more respiratory activity, and that survival was counted as long as there was respiratory activity. For DL01-DL04, the mice survived for 4 days all the time, and death of the mice began to occur 4 days later.
EXAMPLE 3 herbicidal Effect of Paraquat compositions
The above-mentioned paraquat composition was diluted to a multiple as shown in the following table 3 to conduct an experiment, and the herbicidal effect of the paraquat composition to which the esterified starch was added was verified. Firstly, a concentration gradient test is carried out by using a paraquat aqueous solution of DL05, a weeding test is carried out on a forest weed land under the condition that paraquat of a control paraquat composition DL05 is diluted to 1000ppm (1 mg/ml), 2000ppm (2 mg/ml) and 5000ppm (5 mg/ml) (the average height of weeds in the forest land is 20 cm), the application time is noon in a sunny day, three parallel weeds are arranged at each concentration, 1 square meter is arranged in each parallel, and the weed death rate is counted 15 days after application.
The weed mortality (also known as weed kill or weed control) was calculated as:
the control composition DL05 has weeding rates of above 100% at 2000ppm and 5000ppm, and the weeding effect of 1000ppm paraquat liquid medicine does not reach 100%, and for comparability, the paraquat composition of DL01-DL04 is diluted to 1000ppm for carrying out weeding effect experiments. The test plots were the same plots as the paraquat control samples, three replicates each of which was 1 square meter were set for the test plots of each paraquat composition sample for the forest test plot, and the herbicidal effect was verified as the weed mortality of piemarker and cockspur grass.
TABLE 3 herbicidal Effect of Paraquat compositions containing esterified starch
As can be seen from Table 3, the addition of the esterified starch to paraquat does not affect the activity of paraquat, and the esterified starch can improve the herbicidal effect of paraquat. The weeding rate of the 4 samples DL01-DL04 on abutilon and cockspur grass is over 97 percent. At the same concentration, the activity was increased by at least 2 percentage points compared to that of the paraquat control composition DL05, which is sufficient to show the stabilization of the herbicidal activity and the improvement of the effect of the esterified starch on paraquat.
The foregoing examples are given for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composition of paraquat for attenuating toxicity to a mammal, said composition comprising paraquat and an esterified starch, the esterified starch being a water-soluble anionic esterified starch.
2. A paraquat composition according to claim 1 characterised in that the weight ratio of paraquat to esterified starch is from 1: (0.01-10.00); preferably, the weight ratio of paraquat to esterified starch is 1: (0.1-5.0); particularly preferably, the weight ratio of paraquat to esterified starch is 1: (0.1-1.0).
3. Paraquat composition according to claim 1, characterised in that the water-insoluble content of the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is less than or equal to 1.0%, preferably less than or equal to 0.5% by weight of the anionic esterified starch.
4. Paraquat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the water-soluble anionised starch is one or more of starch phosphate monoester sodium salt, starch phosphate monoester potassium salt, starch phosphate monoester ammonium salt, starch nitrate sodium salt, starch nitrate potassium salt, starch nitrate ammonium salt, starch sulphate sodium salt, starch sulphate potassium salt, starch sulphate ammonium salt, starch xanthate sodium salt, starch xanthate potassium salt, starch xanthate ammonium salt.
5. A paraquat composition according to claim 1, characterised in that 4 paraquat is 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridine dichloride or 1, 1-dimethyl-4, 4-bipyridine bis-methyl sulfate.
6. The paraquat composition of claim 5, wherein the paraquat composition is a paraquat raw drug, a paraquat preparation or a paraquat liquid drug.
7. Use of an esterified starch which is a water-soluble anionically esterified starch which is one or more of starch phosphate monoester sodium salt, starch phosphate monoester potassium salt, starch phosphate monoester ammonium salt, starch nitrate sodium salt, starch nitrate potassium salt, starch nitrate ammonium salt, starch sulfate sodium salt, starch sulfate potassium salt, starch sulfate ammonium salt, starch xanthate sodium salt, starch xanthate potassium salt, starch xanthate ammonium salt for the preparation of a paraquat composition for attenuating a mammal.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that the weight of esterified starch is 0.1-2.0 times the weight of paraquat.
9. A method for preparing a paraquat composition for reducing toxicity to mammals is characterized in that water-soluble anionic esterified starch is added in the process of preparing paraquat raw medicines, mother medicines and preparations, or the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is added after the paraquat raw medicines, the mother medicines and the preparations are prepared, or the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is added in the process of diluting the paraquat preparation into liquid medicine, or the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is added after the paraquat preparation is diluted into the liquid medicine, wherein the adding amount of the water-soluble anionic esterified starch is 0.1-2 times of the weight of the paraquat.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the water soluble anionized starch is one or more of starch phosphate monoester sodium salt, starch phosphate monoester potassium salt, starch phosphate monoester ammonium salt, starch nitrate sodium salt, starch nitrate potassium salt, starch nitrate ammonium salt, starch sulfate sodium salt, starch sulfate potassium salt, starch sulfate ammonium salt, starch xanthate sodium salt, starch xanthate potassium salt, starch xanthate ammonium salt.
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