CN113938116A - Magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit and control method - Google Patents
Magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113938116A CN113938116A CN202111041130.6A CN202111041130A CN113938116A CN 113938116 A CN113938116 A CN 113938116A CN 202111041130 A CN202111041130 A CN 202111041130A CN 113938116 A CN113938116 A CN 113938116A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/04—Modifications for accelerating switching
- H03K17/041—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/04—Modifications for accelerating switching
- H03K17/041—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
- H03K17/04106—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/04—Modifications for accelerating switching
- H03K17/041—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
- H03K17/0412—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit
- H03K17/04123—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
- H03K17/689—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors with galvanic isolation between the control circuit and the output circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
- H03K17/689—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors with galvanic isolation between the control circuit and the output circuit
- H03K17/691—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors with galvanic isolation between the control circuit and the output circuit using transformer coupling
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit and a control method, and the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit comprises a secondary side rectification filter module, wherein a first input end of the secondary side rectification filter module is connected with a primary side conversion module through a transformer; the fourth input end of the isolation module is simultaneously connected with the second input end of the rapid discharge module and the secondary side rectification filter module, and the fourth output end of the isolation module is simultaneously connected with the second output end of the rapid discharge module and the voltage stabilization driving module. On the basis of ensuring that the electronic switch realizes quick switching (quick turn-off and quick turn-on), the invention can also realize limit duty ratio control of 0 (normally off) and 100% (normally on) so as to be applied to more use scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic switches, in particular to a magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit and a control method.
Background
In the field of industrial application, an electronic switch is an operating unit that uses an electronic circuit and power electronic devices to realize the on-off of the circuit, and usually includes at least one controllable electronic driving device, such as a thyristor, a transistor, a field effect transistor, a thyristor, a relay, and the like. The electronic switch is widely applied in the industrial field due to the characteristics of quick switching action, small delay time and the like; for example, since the voltage range of the vehicle-mounted battery of different vehicle types is very wide, and there is a need to output a wide full power voltage range (300-. The on-off of the electronic switch is usually realized by a corresponding driving circuit, and due to the electrical isolation or safety requirements of an application circuit where the electronic switch is located, the electronic switch is driven in an isolation mode in a common mode.
The existing isolation driving technical scheme is as follows:
1) the existing isolation driving technical scheme 1: the isolation driving power supply is combined with the optical coupling isolation driving. As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the isolation driving scheme is composed of an independent isolation power supply and a driving signal isolation circuit, wherein the isolation power supply is usually isolated by a high-frequency transformer and provides stable driving voltage and energy for driving the electronic switch. The drive signal isolation circuit part usually completes signal isolation by an optical coupler, and increases the drive (current) capacity at the rear stage of the optical coupler to complete on-off control of the electronic switch, wherein part of the optical coupler has drive capacity, or increases a drive chip at the rear stage of the optical coupler to complete drive of the electronic switch. The advantages of such a scheme are: the signal isolation is not limited by the duty ratio of the driving signal, and the control of the electronic switch with any duty ratio can be realized, including limit duty ratio 0 (normally closed electronic switch) and 100% (normally open electronic switch). But the disadvantage is that it needs two parts of isolation circuit of driving power supply and signal, the driving circuit is more complex and the cost is higher.
2) Another existing isolation driving technical scheme 2: the pulse transformer isolates the drive. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the pulse transformer isolation driving is implemented by a high-frequency transformer to isolate the driving signal and provide the driving voltage and energy at the same time. The advantages are that: when the pulse transformer is used, an additional driving power supply is not needed, the circuit is simple and reliable, and the cost is low. However, the pulse transformer has the disadvantages that the pulse transformer needs to work, the drive control ratio cannot be changed at will (usually, the pulse transformer is used under the condition of 50% fixed duty ratio), limit duty ratio 0 (normally closed electronic switch) and 100% (normally open electronic switch) control cannot be realized, and the application is limited. In addition, the working frequency of the pulse transformer and the switching frequency of the electronic switch need to be consistent, and when the electronic switch works at a low frequency, the size of the pulse transformer cannot be reduced.
In summary, of the two electronic switch isolation driving schemes, scheme 1 has a wide application adaptability (almost suitable for various occasions, and is a conventional isolation driving scheme), but also has the disadvantages that a driving power supply and a signal isolation circuit are needed, the driving circuit is complex, and the cost is high. Scheme 2 has the defects that although the circuit is simple and low in cost, the circuit cannot adapt to the application condition of low frequency and even limit duty ratio (normally on or normally off of an electronic switch).
Therefore, the prior art is to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit and a control method, which solve the technical problem that the magnetic isolation electronic switch cannot adapt to low frequency and even limit duty ratio in the background technology on the basis of ensuring that the electronic switch realizes quick switching (quick turn-off and quick turn-on).
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a magnetically isolated electronic switch driving circuit, comprising:
the secondary side rectifying and filtering module is provided with a first input end and a first output end, wherein the first output end is provided with a first output positive end and a first output negative end, the first input end is connected with the primary side conversion module through a transformer, and a first filter is arranged between the first output positive end and the first output negative end;
the fast discharging module is provided with a second input end and a second output end, and a switching device is arranged between the second input end and the second output end;
the voltage stabilizing driving module is provided with a third input end and a third output end, a second filter is arranged between the third input end and the third output end, and the third output end is connected with the electronic switch;
and the isolation module is provided with a fourth input end and a fourth output end, the fourth input end is simultaneously connected with the second input end of the rapid discharge module and the first positive output end of the secondary side rectification filter module, and the fourth output end is simultaneously connected with the second output end of the rapid discharge module and the third input end of the voltage stabilization driving module.
On the basis of the first aspect, the filter constant of the first filter is smaller than the filter constant of the second filter.
On the basis of the first aspect, the isolation module is a third diode, an anode of the third diode is the fourth input terminal, and a cathode of the third diode is a fourth output terminal.
On the basis of the first aspect, a first filter in the secondary side rectifying and filtering module includes a first resistor and a first capacitor, and the first resistor is connected in parallel with the first capacitor; the second filter in the voltage stabilizing driving module comprises a second resistor and a second capacitor, and the second resistor is connected with the second capacitor in parallel.
On the basis of the first aspect, the first capacitance is smaller than the second capacitance.
On the basis of the first aspect, the voltage stabilization driving module is further provided with a driving negative pressure sub-module; the driving negative voltage sub-module comprises a third capacitor and a second voltage-regulator tube, one end of the third capacitor is connected with one end of the second capacitor, one end of the second resistor and one end of the second voltage-regulator tube, the other end of the third capacitor is connected with one end of an eighth resistor, the other end of the second voltage-regulator tube and the first end of the electronic switch, the other end of the eighth resistor is connected with the second end of the electronic switch and one end of the third resistor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with the other end of the second capacitor and the other end of the second resistor.
On the basis of the first aspect, a threshold accelerated discharge submodule is further arranged in the secondary side rectification filter module; the threshold accelerated discharge submodule comprises a third triode, a second triode, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a first voltage stabilizing tube, wherein a collector of the third triode is connected with one end of the seventh resistor, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected with one end of the fifth resistor and one end of the sixth resistor at the same time to a first output positive end, a base of the third triode is connected with the other end of the sixth resistor and a collector of the second triode at the same time, a base of the second triode is connected with one end of the first voltage stabilizing tube, the other end of the first voltage stabilizing tube is connected with the other end of the fifth resistor, and an emitter of the second triode and an emitter of the third triode are connected to a first output negative end.
On the basis of the first aspect, the switching device in the fast discharge module is a P-channel enhanced field effect transistor, the fast discharge module further includes a fourth resistor, a gate of the P-channel enhanced field effect transistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, a drain of the P-channel enhanced field effect transistor is simultaneously connected to the first output negative terminal of the secondary side rectifying and filtering module and one third input terminal of the voltage stabilizing driving module, a source of the P-channel enhanced field effect transistor is simultaneously connected to the fourth output terminal of the isolation module and the other third input terminal of the voltage stabilizing driving module, and the other end of the fourth resistor is simultaneously connected to the fourth input terminal of the isolation module and the first output positive terminal of the secondary side rectifying and filtering module.
On the basis of the first aspect, the primary side conversion module comprises a driving chip, a twentieth resistor, a twentieth capacitor and a twenty-first capacitor, a first pin of the driving chip is used for being connected with an anode of a working power supply, a second pin of the driving chip is simultaneously connected with one end of the twentieth resistor and one end of the twenty-first capacitor, the other end of the twentieth resistor is connected with a PWM control end, a third pin of the driving chip is simultaneously connected with the other end of the twenty-first capacitor, ground and a cathode of the working power supply, a fourth pin of the driving chip is connected with a first input end of the transformer, a fifth pin of the driving chip is simultaneously connected with one end of the twentieth capacitor and ground, and the other end of the twentieth capacitor is connected with a second input end of the transformer.
On the basis of the first aspect, the secondary side rectifying and filtering module further comprises a full-bridge rectifying module; the full-bridge rectifier module comprises a first diode, a second diode, a fifth diode and a fourth diode, wherein the anode of the first diode is simultaneously connected with the cathode of the fourth diode and an output end of the transformer, the cathode of the first diode is simultaneously connected with the cathode of the second diode, one end of a first capacitor and one end of a first resistor are connected to a positive end of a first output, the anode of the fourth diode is simultaneously connected with the anode of the fifth diode, the other end of the first capacitor and the other end of the first resistor are connected to a negative end of the first output, and the cathode of the fifth diode is simultaneously connected with another output end of the transformer and the anode of the second diode.
On the basis of the first aspect, the secondary side rectifying and filtering module further comprises a full-wave rectifying module; the full-wave rectification module comprises a first diode and a second diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with one output end of the first winding on the secondary side of the transformer, the anode of the second diode is connected with one output end of the second winding on the secondary side of the transformer, the cathode of the first diode is simultaneously connected with the cathode of the second diode, one end of the first capacitor and one end of the first resistor to the positive first output end, and the other end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first resistor, and the common end of the first winding and the second winding on the secondary side of the transformer are connected to the negative first output end.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a magnetic isolation electronic switch driving control method is provided, which employs the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit of the first aspect to execute the following steps:
when the electronic switch is in logic disconnection, the PWM control signal is in continuous low level or continuous high level, and the electronic switch is in disconnection mode;
when the electronic switch is in logic conduction, the PWM control signal is in a high-frequency PWM state, the magnetic isolation driving circuit converts the power supply into secondary side driving voltage under the PWM control signal, and the electronic switch is in a conduction mode.
According to the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit and the control method, the secondary side rectifying and filtering module and the voltage stabilizing driving module with different two-stage filtering characteristics are adopted, and the rapid discharging module is arranged between the secondary side rectifying and filtering module and the voltage stabilizing driving module, so that the electronic switch is continuously and reliably switched on and off, and the requirement of the electronic switch for rapid switching is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of an isolation driving power circuit in a prior art isolation driving solution 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of an optical coupling isolation driving circuit in an isolation driving technical scheme 1 in the prior art;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a part of a pulse transformer isolation driving circuit according to a prior art isolation driving scheme 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a part of a pulse transformer isolation driving circuit according to a prior art isolation driving scheme 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the magnetically isolated electronic switch drive circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of the circuit connection of embodiment 1 of the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of the circuit connection of embodiment 2 of the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of the circuit connection of embodiment 3 of the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of the circuit connection of embodiment 4 of the magnetically isolated electronic switch driving circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of the circuit connection of embodiment 5 of the magnetically isolated electronic switch driving circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a primary side conversion circuit in each embodiment of the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the time logic of the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit of the present invention when the electronic switch is turned on and the electronic switch is turned off.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It is noted that relative terms such as "first," "second," and the like may be used to describe various components, but these terms are not intended to limit the components. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another component. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The term "and/or" refers to a combination of any one or more of the associated items and the descriptive items.
Among two electronic switch isolation driving schemes mentioned in the background art, scheme 1 has the disadvantages that although the application adaptability is wide (almost suitable for various occasions, and is a conventional isolation driving scheme), a driving power supply and a signal isolation circuit are needed, the driving circuit is complex, and the cost is high. Scheme 2 has the defects that although the circuit is simple and low in cost, the circuit cannot adapt to the application condition of low frequency and even limit duty ratio (normally on or normally off of an electronic switch).
In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention at least includes a primary side conversion module 10, a transformer T1, a secondary side rectification module 20, a fast discharge module 30, a voltage stabilization driving module 40, and an isolation module 70. The magnetic isolation electronic switch driving control method of the second aspect of the present invention employs the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit of the first aspect, and executes the following steps: when the electronic switch is in logic disconnection, the PWM control signal is in continuous low level or continuous high level, and the electronic switch is in disconnection mode; when the electronic switch is in logic conduction, the PWM control signal is in a high-frequency PWM state, the magnetic isolation driving circuit converts the power supply into secondary side driving voltage under the PWM control signal, and the electronic switch is in a conduction mode. The primary side conversion circuit 10 includes at least 3 input terminals of a power supply positive and PWM control signal input and a primary side reference ground, and a driving output positive terminal and a driving output negative terminal.
The following examples are provided to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit provided by the present invention includes a secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20, a fast discharging module 30, a voltage stabilizing driving module 40, and an isolating module 70; the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20 has first input terminals 1 and 2 and a first output terminal having a first positive output terminal 3 and a first negative output terminal 4; the first input ends 1 and 2 are connected with a primary side conversion module 10 through a transformer T1, and a first filter is arranged between a first output positive end 3 and a first output negative end 4; the fast discharge module 30 has a second input terminal 5 and second output terminals 6, 7, and a switching device is disposed between the second input terminal 5 and the second output terminals 6, 7; the voltage stabilizing driving module 40 has third input ends 10, 11 and third output ends 12, 13, a second filter is arranged between the third input ends 10, 11 and the third output ends 12, 13, and the third output ends 12, 13 are connected with an electronic switch J1; the isolation module 70 has a fourth input end 8 and a fourth output end 9, the fourth input end 8 is simultaneously connected to the second input end 5 of the fast discharging module 30 and the first output end 3 of the secondary rectifying and filtering module 20, and the fourth output end 9 is simultaneously connected to the second output end 6 of the fast discharging module 30 and the third input end 10 of the regulated driving module 40. One input end of the primary side conversion module is connected with the PWM control end to receive the PWM control signal transmitted by the PWM control end. The filter constant of the first filter is smaller than the filter constant of the second filter.
Wherein, the first input ends 1 and 2 (with two number numbers) represent two first input ends, and the two first input ends are respectively a first input end 1 and another first input end 2; a first input 1 (with a numerical serial number) represents the first input numbered 1 in the figure. The expression of the other input ends and the output ends is the same as that described above, and the description thereof is omitted.
In the above embodiment 1, the fast discharging module 30 is first provided between the regulated voltage driving module 40 and the secondary side rectifying and smoothing module 20 to achieve fast turn-off when the electronic switch is turned off. The specific working principle is as follows: when the output voltage of the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20 is lower than the preset threshold of the input voltage of the voltage stabilizing driving module 40, the switching device of the fast discharging module 30 starts to work and fast discharges the voltage stabilizing driving circuit 40, so that the voltage of the voltage stabilizing driving circuit is fast reduced to realize fast switching off of the electronic switch.
Secondly, based on the isolation module 70 arranged between the voltage stabilizing driving module 40 and the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20, so that the discharging parameters of the two circuits are not affected by each other when the electronic switch is turned off, under the action of the fast discharging module 30, the electronic switch can be turned off at the turn-off speed (the discharge speed is fast in design) of the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20, thereby ensuring that the turn-off process of the electronic switch is fast and reliable, and simultaneously ensuring that the electronic switch is stable and reliable when turned on by utilizing the stability of the voltage stabilizing driving module 40.
Finally, when the electronic switch is turned on (the PWM control signal outputted from the PWM control terminal has a PWM wave), the first capacitor C1 in the secondary rectifying and filtering module 20 is continuously charged and simultaneously the second capacitor C2 of the regulated voltage driving module 40 is charged through the isolation module 70, so as to provide a voltage or a current to the electronic switch, thereby satisfying the continuous turn-on requirement of the electronic switch (as shown in fig. 12). When the electronic switch is turned off (no PWM wave is generated in the PWM control signal outputted from the PWM control terminal), the voltage of the first capacitor C1 in the secondary rectifying and filtering module 20 drops faster than the voltage of the second capacitor C2 of the voltage stabilizing driving module 40, so that the switching device in the fast discharging module is turned on to discharge the second capacitor C2, and thus the voltage of the second capacitor C2 will drop fast with the voltage of the first capacitor C1, thereby satisfying the requirement of fast and reliable turn-off of the electronic switch (as shown in fig. 12). The on-off time of the electronic switch can be adjusted by adjusting the PWM signal interval time of the PWM control end, if the PWM control signal is continuously provided all the time, the electronic switch is continuously switched on (normally on), otherwise, if the PWM control signal is not continuously provided, the electronic switch is continuously switched off (normally off), namely, the electronic switch is suitable for the applications of limit duty ratio 0 (normally off) and 100% (normally on electronic switch). In summary, in the present invention, two stages of circuits with different (filtering) characteristics are constructed at the post stage of the DCDC conversion, and the isolation module 70 and the fast discharge module 30 are disposed between the two stages, so that the electronic switch is continuously and reliably turned on, and the requirement of the electronic switch for fast switching is also met.
In the present embodiment, the first filter in the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20 includes a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1, and the first resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1. Specifically, one end of a first resistor R1 is connected to one end of a first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the first capacitor C1, that is, the first resistor and the first capacitor are connected in parallel to form a primary filter module; thereby providing a first stage filtering function.
In the present embodiment, the second filter in the regulated voltage driving module 40 includes a second resistor R2 and a second capacitor C2, and the second resistor is connected in parallel with the second capacitor. Specifically, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the second capacitor C2, that is, the second resistor and the second capacitor are in parallel connection to form a two-stage filter module; thereby providing a two-stage filtering function.
In this embodiment, the product of the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1 (R1 × C1) is smaller than the product of the second resistor R2 and the second capacitor C2 (R2 × C2), that is, the filter time constant (R1 × C1) in the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20 is smaller than the filter time constant (R2 × C2) of the voltage stabilizing driving module 40, and the first capacitor C1 is usually further selected to be smaller than the second capacitor C2, so that during the turn-on process of the electronic switch, based on the fact that the second capacitor C2 is relatively large (and the first capacitor C1), the voltage stabilizing ripple is small, and the voltage or current can be reliably supplied to the electronic switch, so as to meet the continuous turn-on requirement of the electronic switch; and in the turn-off process of the electronic switch, if the first capacitor C1 is relatively small (compared with the second capacitor C2), the voltage of the first capacitor C1 drops faster than the voltage of the second capacitor C2, so that the switching device in the fast discharge module is turned on to discharge the second capacitor C2, and thus the voltage of the second capacitor C2 will drop fast along with the voltage of the first capacitor C1, thereby meeting the requirement of fast and reliable turn-off of the electronic switch.
In this embodiment, the isolation module 70 is a third diode D3, an anode of the third diode D3 is a fourth input terminal 8 of the isolation module, and a cathode of the third diode D3 is a fourth output terminal 9 of the isolation module; the third diode D3 provides an isolation function between the secondary rectifying and filtering module 20 and the voltage stabilizing driving module 40, so that the discharge parameters of the secondary rectifying and filtering module 20 and the voltage stabilizing driving module 40 do not affect each other when the electronic switch J1 is turned off, and the switching process of the electronic switch J1 is ensured to be fast, reliable and stable.
In the present embodiment, the switching device of the fast discharging module 30 is a P-channel enhancement mode fet Q1; in the process of turning off the electronic switch, if the first capacitor C1 is relatively small (compared with the second capacitor C2), the voltage of the first capacitor C1 drops faster than the voltage of the second capacitor C2, so that the P-channel enhancement mode fet Q1 in the fast discharge module is turned on to discharge the second capacitor C2, and thus the voltage of the second capacitor C2 will drop fast along with the voltage of the first capacitor C1, thereby meeting the requirement of fast and reliable turning off of the electronic switch. The fast discharging module further comprises a fourth resistor R4, a gate of the P-channel enhancement type fet Q1 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, a drain of the P-channel enhancement type fet Q1 is connected to a first output negative terminal 4 of the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20 and a third input terminal 11 of the voltage stabilizing driving module 40, a source of the P-channel enhancement type fet Q1 is connected to a fourth output terminal of the isolation module 70 and another third input terminal 10 of the voltage stabilizing driving module, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to a fourth input terminal of the isolation module 70 and a first output positive terminal 3 of the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20.
Example 2
Fig. 7 shows a circuit connection schematic diagram of embodiment 2 in the magnetically isolated electronic switch drive circuit of the present invention. The circuit configuration of embodiment 2 is specifically limited to the secondary side rectifying and filtering module based on embodiment 1, and may be a full-wave rectifying module or a full-bridge rectifying module.
In embodiment 2, when the secondary side rectifying and filtering module is a full-wave rectifying module, the full-wave rectifying module includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2, an anode of the first diode D1 is connected to one output terminal of the primary side winding of the transformer T1, an anode of the second diode D2 is connected to one output terminal of the secondary side winding of the transformer T1, a cathode of the first diode D1 is simultaneously connected to a cathode of the second diode D2, one end of the first capacitor C1 and one end of the first resistor R1 to the positive first output terminal 3, and the other end of the first capacitor C1, the other end of the first resistor R1 and a common end of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer T1 are connected to the negative first output terminal 4. The secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20 is provided with a full-wave rectifying function through two diodes based on the full-wave rectifying module, so that the full-wave rectifying processing is performed on the first voltage signals output from the first output end and the second output end of the transformer. The full-wave rectification module is used for carrying out full-wave rectification processing on the first voltage signal and then transmitting the first voltage signal subjected to full-wave rectification processing to the primary filtering module for primary filtering processing.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, when the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20 is a full bridge rectifying module; the full-bridge rectification module comprises a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a fifth diode D5 and a fourth diode D4, wherein the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the fourth diode D4 and one output end of a transformer T1, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the second diode D2, one end of a first capacitor C1 and one end of a first resistor R1 to the first output positive terminal 3, the anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected with the anode of the fifth diode D5, the other end of a first capacitor C1 and the other end of a first resistor R1 to the first output negative terminal 4, and the cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected with the other output end of the transformer T1 and the anode of the second diode D2. Based on the full-bridge rectification module is arranged in the secondary side rectification filter module 20, the secondary side rectification filter module 20 is provided with a full-bridge rectification function through four diodes, so that full-bridge rectification processing is performed on first voltage signals output from a first output end and a second output end of the transformer, and the first voltage signals are signals obtained after the transformer T1 performs transformation processing on PWM control signals. The full-bridge rectification module is used for carrying out full-bridge rectification on the first voltage signal and then transmitting the first voltage signal subjected to full-bridge rectification to the primary filtering module to carry out primary filtering.
Example 3
Fig. 8 shows a circuit connection schematic diagram of embodiment 3 in the magnetically isolated electronic switch drive circuit of the present invention. The circuit structure of embodiment 3 is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, and the difference between embodiment 3 and embodiment 1 is that a threshold accelerated discharge sub-module 50 is disposed in the secondary side rectification filter module, and other circuit structures are the same as those in embodiment 1, and therefore are not described again. The threshold accelerated discharge submodule comprises a third triode Q3, a second triode Q2, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and a first voltage-regulator tube D6, wherein a collector of the third triode Q3 is connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with one end of the fifth resistor R5 and one end of a sixth resistor R6 at the same time and is connected with a first output positive end 3, a base of the third triode Q3 is connected with the other end of the sixth resistor R6 and a collector of a second triode Q2, a base of the second triode Q2 is connected with one end of the first voltage-regulator tube D6, the other end of the first voltage-regulator tube D6 is connected with the other end of the fifth resistor R5, and an emitter of the second triode Q2 and an emitter of the third triode Q3 are connected with a first output negative end 4. Based on the setting of threshold accelerated discharge submodule, the effect is as follows: the first voltage regulator tube D6 in the threshold accelerated discharge submodule provides a threshold voltage, namely when the electronic switch is turned off, the voltage of the first capacitor C1 in the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit 20 is reduced and still does not meet the turn-off speed requirements of some electronic switches, at the moment, the threshold accelerated discharge circuit is added, when the voltage of the first capacitor C1 is lower than the threshold voltage (determined by the first voltage regulator tube D6), the second triode Q2 is cut off, the third triode Q3 is turned on, and therefore the seventh resistor R7 can add discharge to the first capacitor C1 at the same time, and therefore the turn-off speed of the electronic switch can be increased. Specifically, for the resistance of the seventh resistor R7, the adjustment can be performed based on actual use scene requirements, so that the electronic switch is suitable for various electronic switches requiring different turn-off speeds, can be applied to more scenes, and improves the practicability.
Example 4
Fig. 9 shows a circuit connection schematic diagram of embodiment 4 in the magnetically isolated electronic switch drive circuit of the present invention. The circuit structure of embodiment 4 is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, and the difference between embodiment 4 and embodiment 1 is that the voltage stabilization driving module is further provided with a driving negative voltage sub-module 60, and other circuit structures are the same as those in embodiment 1, and therefore are not described again. The driving negative sub-module comprises a third capacitor C3 and a second voltage regulator tube D7, and the third capacitor C3 is connected with the second voltage regulator tube D7 in parallel. One end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2, one end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the second voltage regulator D7 (for convenience of the following principle description, one end of the third capacitor C3 is denoted as a G end), the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, the other end of the second voltage regulator D7 and the first end of the J1 electronic switch (for convenience of the following principle description, the other end of the third capacitor C3 is denoted as an S end), the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the second end of the electronic switch J1 and one end of the third resistor R3, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the second capacitor C2 and the other end of the second resistor R2. The driving negative voltage sub-module is used for forming national fixed voltage (determined by the voltage stabilizing value of the second voltage stabilizing tube D7) with the S end higher than the G end on the third capacitor C3 through the parallel connection relation of the second voltage stabilizing tube D7 and the third capacitor C3, so that the driving voltage applied to the electronic switch forms certain negative voltage to eliminate the influence of the threshold voltage of a P-channel enhanced field effect tube Q1 in the quick discharge module, and specifically: after the voltage of the first capacitor C1 in the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20 is reduced to zero, the voltage of the second capacitor C2 in the voltage stabilizing driving module 40 loses the rapid discharge function at the turn-on threshold voltage of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor Q1, and can only be discharged by a large filtering time constant, so that the turn-off voltage of the magnetic isolation driving circuit slowly decreases when rapidly decreasing to the threshold voltage of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor Q1, which may cause a risk that the electronic switch J1 with a low turn-on threshold cannot be reliably and rapidly turned off. Therefore, after the driving negative sub-module 60 is added, when the electronic switch J1 is turned on, the third capacitor C3 is charged to the regulated voltage Ud of the second regulator tube D7, and the voltage at the S terminal is higher than the voltage at the G terminal, the driving voltage of the electronic switch J1 (between the G pole and the S pole) is lowered to Ud as a whole by kirchhoff' S voltage law, and when the input voltage of the regulated driving module 40 (i.e., the voltage at C2) is lowered to 0, since the third capacitor C3 and the second regulator tube D7 which drive the negative sub-module in embodiment 4 are used as a three-stage filter module with a large filter time constant, the voltage thereon is relatively stable in the fast switching process, and a negative voltage of-Ud can be obtained at the driving voltage of the electronic switch J1; therefore, even if the tailing phenomenon of the threshold voltage of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor Q1 exists, due to the existence of the negative voltage driven by the electronic switch J1, as long as the absolute value of the negative voltage is larger than the threshold voltage of Q1, the reliable turn-off of the electronic switch can be ensured, and therefore the influence of the threshold voltage of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor Q1 in the quick discharge module is eliminated.
Example 5
Fig. 10 shows a circuit connection schematic diagram of embodiment 5 in the magnetically isolated electronic switch drive circuit of the present invention. The circuit configuration of embodiment 5 is such that the threshold accelerated discharge sub-module 50 of embodiment 3 and the driving negative sub-module 60 of embodiment 4 are combined in embodiment 1. That is, in embodiment 5, the magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit further includes a threshold accelerated discharge submodule 50 disposed in the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20 and a driving negative voltage submodule 60 disposed in the regulated voltage driving module 40. The first voltage-regulator tube D6 in the threshold accelerated discharge submodule provides a threshold voltage, namely when the electronic switch is turned off, the voltage of the first capacitor C1 in the secondary side rectifying and filtering circuit 20 is reduced and still does not meet the turn-off speed requirements of some electronic switches, at the moment, the threshold accelerated discharge circuit is added, when the voltage of the first capacitor C1 is lower than the threshold voltage (determined by the first voltage-regulator tube D6), the second triode Q2 is cut off, the third triode Q3 is turned on, and therefore the seventh resistor R7 can simultaneously add discharge to the first capacitor C1, and therefore the turn-off speed of the electronic switch can be increased. Specifically, for the resistance of the seventh resistor R7, the resistance can be adjusted based on actual use scene requirements, so that the electronic switch is suitable for various electronic switches requiring different turn-off speeds, and therefore, the electronic switch can be applied to more scenes and the practicability is improved. After the voltage of the first capacitor C1 in the secondary side rectifying and filtering module 20 is reduced to zero, the voltage of the second capacitor C2 in the voltage stabilizing driving module 40 loses the rapid discharge function at the turn-on threshold voltage of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor Q1, and can only be discharged by a large filtering time constant, so that when the turn-off voltage of the magnetic isolation driving circuit is rapidly reduced to the threshold voltage of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor Q1, the slow reduction occurs, and there is a risk that the electronic switch J1 with a low turn-on threshold cannot be reliably and rapidly turned off. Therefore, the third capacitor C3 and the second voltage regulator tube D7 driving the negative voltage sub-module in embodiment 4 are used as a three-level filter module with a large filter time constant, the voltage on the third capacitor C3 and the second voltage regulator tube D7 is relatively stable in the process of fast switching, and negative voltage of-Ud can be obtained on the driving voltage of the electronic switch J1; therefore, even if the tailing phenomenon of the threshold voltage of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor Q1 exists, due to the existence of the negative voltage driven by the electronic switch J1, as long as the absolute value of the negative voltage is larger than the threshold voltage of Q1, the reliable turn-off of the electronic switch can be ensured, and therefore the influence of the threshold voltage of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor Q1 in the quick discharge module is eliminated.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the electrical connections of the primary side conversion circuit in various embodiments of the magnetically isolated electronic switch driver circuit of the present invention; the primary side conversion module comprises a driving chip U1, a twentieth resistor R20, a twentieth capacitor C20 and a twenty-first capacitor C21, wherein a first pin VCC of the driving chip U1 is connected with the positive electrode (power positive) of a working power supply, a second pin PWM of the driving chip U1 is simultaneously connected with one end of a twentieth resistor R20 and one end of a twenty-first capacitor C21, the other end of the twentieth resistor R20 is connected with a PWM control end, a third pin GND of the driving chip U1 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the twenty-first capacitor C21, the ground and the negative electrode (ground reference) of the working power supply, a fourth pin OUT of the driving chip U1 is connected with a first input end of a transformer, a fifth pin GND of the driving chip U1 is simultaneously connected with one end of a twentieth capacitor C20 and the ground, and the other end of the twentieth capacitor C20 is connected with a second input end of the transformer. A PWM control signal output by the PWM control terminal enters the second pin PWM of the driver chip U1 through a primary filtering module composed of a twentieth resistor R20 and a twenty-first capacitor C21; the twentieth capacitor C20 can play the role of a DC blocking capacitor, and the DC blocking capacitor bears DC voltage, so that only AC component voltage is applied to the input end of the transformer, and the reliable operation of the circuit is ensured. According to the working principle of the dc blocking capacitor C20, it can also be placed on the fourth pin of the driver chip U1 and the first input terminal of the transformer.
The magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit provided by the invention has the advantages that the isolation power supply can be quickly switched on and off by innovating the isolation power supply design, the requirement of a quick switch in the application of an electronic switch is met, the application of low-frequency even limit duty ratio (normally on or normally off of the electronic switch) is also adapted on the basis of ensuring the reliability of the electronic switch in the switching process, so that the whole magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit can be directly used as the quick isolation driving of the electronic switch, a quick switch signal isolation circuit is omitted, the whole circuit of the quick isolation driving of the electronic switch is simplified, and the cost is reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A magnetically isolated electronic switch drive circuit, comprising:
the secondary side rectifying and filtering module is provided with a first input end and a first output end, wherein the first output end is provided with a first output positive end and a first output negative end, the first input end is connected with the primary side conversion module through a transformer, and a first filter is arranged between the first output positive end and the first output negative end;
the fast discharging module is provided with a second input end and a second output end, and a switching device is arranged between the second input end and the second output end;
the voltage stabilizing driving module is provided with a third input end and a third output end, a second filter is arranged between the third input end and the third output end, and the third output end is connected with the electronic switch;
and the isolation module is provided with a fourth input end and a fourth output end, the fourth input end is simultaneously connected with the second input end of the rapid discharge module and the first positive output end of the secondary side rectification filter module, and the fourth output end is simultaneously connected with the second output end of the rapid discharge module and the third input end of the voltage stabilization driving module.
2. The magnetically isolated electronic switch driver circuit of claim 1, wherein a filter constant of said first filter is less than a filter constant of said second filter.
3. The magnetically isolated electronic switch driver circuit of claim 2, wherein said isolation module is a third diode, an anode of said third diode being said fourth input terminal, and a cathode of said third diode being a fourth output terminal.
4. The magnetically isolated electronic switch driver circuit as claimed in claim 3, wherein said first filter of said secondary rectifying and filtering module comprises a first resistor and a first capacitor, said first resistor being connected in parallel with said first capacitor; the second filter in the voltage stabilizing driving module comprises a second resistor and a second capacitor, and the second resistor is connected with the second capacitor in parallel.
5. The magnetically isolated electronic switch driver circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein said first capacitance is less than said second capacitance.
6. The magnetically isolated electronic switch driver circuit according to claim 4, wherein said regulated driver module is further configured with a driving negative sub-module;
the driving negative voltage sub-module comprises a third capacitor and a second voltage-regulator tube, one end of the third capacitor is connected with one end of the second capacitor, one end of the second resistor and one end of the second voltage-regulator tube, the other end of the third capacitor is connected with one end of an eighth resistor, the other end of the second voltage-regulator tube and the first end of the electronic switch, the other end of the eighth resistor is connected with the second end of the electronic switch and one end of the third resistor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with the other end of the second capacitor and the other end of the second resistor.
7. The magnetically isolated electronic switch driving circuit according to claim 3, wherein a threshold accelerated discharge sub-module is further disposed in the secondary side rectifying and filtering module;
the threshold accelerated discharge submodule comprises a third triode, a second triode, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a first voltage stabilizing tube, wherein a collector of the third triode is connected with one end of the seventh resistor, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected with one end of the fifth resistor and one end of the sixth resistor at the same time to a first output positive end, a base of the third triode is connected with the other end of the sixth resistor and a collector of the second triode at the same time, a base of the second triode is connected with one end of the first voltage stabilizing tube, the other end of the first voltage stabilizing tube is connected with the other end of the fifth resistor, and an emitter of the second triode and an emitter of the third triode are connected to a first output negative end.
8. The magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit according to claim 3, wherein the switching device in the fast discharge module is a P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor, the fast discharge module further includes a fourth resistor, a gate of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, a drain of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor is simultaneously connected to the first output negative terminal of the secondary side rectifying and filtering module and a third input terminal of the voltage stabilizing driving module, a source of the P-channel enhancement type field effect transistor is simultaneously connected to the fourth output terminal of the isolation module and another third input terminal of the voltage stabilizing driving module, and the other end of the fourth resistor is simultaneously connected to the fourth input terminal of the isolation module and the first output positive terminal of the secondary side rectifying and filtering module.
9. Magnetically isolated electronic switch drive circuit as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 8, the primary side conversion module comprises a driving chip, a twentieth resistor, a twentieth capacitor and a twenty-first capacitor, the first pin of the driving chip is used for being connected with the anode of a working power supply, the second pin of the driving chip is simultaneously connected with one end of the twentieth resistor and one end of the twenty-first capacitor, the other end of the twentieth resistor is connected with the PWM control end, a third pin of the driving chip is simultaneously connected with the other end of the twenty-first capacitor, the ground and the negative electrode of the working power supply, and a fourth pin of the driving chip is connected with a first input end of the transformer, a fifth pin of the driving chip is simultaneously connected with one end of a twentieth capacitor and the ground, and the other end of the twentieth capacitor is connected with a second input end of the transformer.
10. The magnetically isolated electronic switch driver circuit of any of claims 1-8, wherein said secondary rectifying and filtering module further comprises a full bridge rectifying module;
the full-bridge rectifier module comprises a first diode, a second diode, a fifth diode and a fourth diode, wherein the anode of the first diode is simultaneously connected with the cathode of the fourth diode and an output end of the transformer, the cathode of the first diode is simultaneously connected with the cathode of the second diode, one end of a first capacitor and one end of a first resistor are connected to a positive end of a first output, the anode of the fourth diode is simultaneously connected with the anode of the fifth diode, the other end of the first capacitor and the other end of the first resistor are connected to a negative end of the first output, and the cathode of the fifth diode is simultaneously connected with another output end of the transformer and the anode of the second diode.
11. The magnetically isolated electronic switch driver circuit of any of claims 1-8, wherein said secondary side rectifying and filtering module further comprises a full wave rectifying module;
the full-wave rectification module comprises a first diode and a second diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with one output end of the first winding on the secondary side of the transformer, the anode of the second diode is connected with one output end of the second winding on the secondary side of the transformer, the cathode of the first diode is simultaneously connected with the cathode of the second diode, one end of the first capacitor and one end of the first resistor to the positive first output end, and the other end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first resistor, and the common end of the first winding and the second winding on the secondary side of the transformer are connected to the negative first output end.
12. A magnetically isolated electronic switch drive control method, characterized in that, with the magnetically isolated electronic switch drive circuit according to any of claims 1-11, the following steps are performed:
when the electronic switch is in logic disconnection, the PWM control signal is in continuous low level or continuous high level, and the electronic switch is in disconnection mode;
when the electronic switch is in logic conduction, the PWM control signal is in a high-frequency PWM state, the magnetic isolation driving circuit converts the power supply into secondary side driving voltage under the PWM control signal, and the electronic switch is in a conduction mode.
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| CN202111041130.6A CN113938116A (en) | 2021-09-06 | 2021-09-06 | Magnetic isolation electronic switch driving circuit and control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4236074A1 (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-08-30 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Parasitic immune isolated drive |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4236074A1 (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-08-30 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Parasitic immune isolated drive |
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