CN113933468B - Monitoring method for ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around large farm - Google Patents
Monitoring method for ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around large farm Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113933468B CN113933468B CN202111313306.9A CN202111313306A CN113933468B CN 113933468 B CN113933468 B CN 113933468B CN 202111313306 A CN202111313306 A CN 202111313306A CN 113933468 B CN113933468 B CN 113933468B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- nitrogen
- farm
- moss
- test
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 242
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 8
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001251949 Xanthium sibiricum Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012502 risk assessment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1813—Specific cations in water, e.g. heavy metals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/182—Specific anions in water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a farm, which comprises the following steps: s1: determining a main downwind direction and a non-main downwind direction; s2: determining land parcels with consistent ecological appearance; s3: collecting the soil column for physical and chemical index analysis; s4: placing the soil column into a test basin to form a soil-loading basin; s5: collecting dominant herb seeds and moss; s6: setting a test point and a control point; s7: planting dominant herb seeds or moss in a soil-loading basin; s8: mounting an ALPHA sampler; s9: installing a rain gauge and analyzing inorganic nitrogen content of a rain sample; s10, analyzing a sample of the ALPHA sampler; s11: carrying out physical and chemical index analysis on the soil sample of the soil-filled basin and analyzing the N content and delta 15N in herbaceous plants and moss leaves; s12: analyzing, calculating and inducing a change rule of the nitrogen settlement amount at the distance of each test point of the farm; s13: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the nitrogen settlement of the farm and the response rule of soil and plants to the nitrogen settlement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a monitoring method of an ecological system effect, in particular to a monitoring method of a surrounding nitrogen sedimentation ecological effect of a farm, especially a large-scale farm, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and ecological effect monitoring.
Background
Chemically, ammonia has high chemical activity and reactivity, and is an important component of nitrogen sedimentation at present. At present, the ammonia in the atmosphere is various in sources, such as factory waste gas, motor vehicle tail gas and the like, but animal cultivation, especially large farms, is one of main sources of atmospheric ammonia. With the increase of the number and the scale of large farms caused by the improvement of human level, the large farms are the important focus and research object of nitrogen sedimentation, and can provide the best experimental conditions and convenience factors for researching the rule of nitrogen sedimentation and the ecological effect influence thereof.
Currently, due to the huge amount of ammonia discharged from large farms, ammonia discharged into the atmosphere mainly returns to the ground surface in a dry sedimentation manner, and particularly, a large amount of ammonia is settled in a near source area (for example, in the range of 1000 m) of the farms, and becomes a hot spot area for nitrogen settlement. The natural ecosystem evolved from a low nitrogen environment, but excessive active nitrogen input may cause the ecosystem to produce a series of adverse effects (such as soil acidification, water acidification and eutrophication, promotion of soil N) 2 O emissions, reduced biodiversity, etc.), so how to reduce active nitrogen input and study nitrogen sedimentation rules and distribution has important environmental and ecological protection significance.
However, so far, little research has been done on nitrogen sedimentation and has focused mainly on testing and collection devices, and on simple, non-universal detection methods, such as:
CN103558063a discloses a full-automatic collecting device for atmospheric nitrogen dry-wet sedimentation, which controls a multi-link bracket transmission device according to precipitation conditions through a rain sensor. When raining, the rainwater sensor starts to work, and an electric signal is transmitted to the multi-connecting rod bracket transmission device to slide the sedimentation barrel cover to the upper part of the dry sedimentation barrel; when in rain stop, the multi-connecting rod bracket transmission device transmits the sedimentation barrel cover to the wet sedimentation barrel. The method adopts the underlying surface substitution method to collect the atmospheric nitrogen sedimentation in a distinguishing mode, can greatly reduce the sample loss caused by the influence of air drying due to less precipitation in a dilution collection mode, avoids the influence of impurity interference on the opening and closing of the traditional sliding cover plate, and can passively collect the soluble gaseous nitrogen at the underlying surface and the atmospheric interface in the dry sedimentation collection. The method is suitable for collecting and analyzing the atmospheric nitrogen sedimentation, is reliable and feasible, and has good application prospect in the technical field of environmental protection.
CN109596378A discloses a method for arranging atmospheric sedimentation monitoring points for an agricultural ecosystem of tendril-western plain, which comprises the steps of firstly carrying out dry-wet sedimentation collection, arranging sampling points, placing collectors, carrying out once-a-month wet sedimentation collection and twice-a-dry sedimentation collection, respectively detecting total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and soluble organic nitrogen, and calculating sedimentation flux; secondly, dividing land utilization types of the research area, and extracting area data of each land utilization type; and then obtaining the correlation between the sedimentation flux of each nitrogen index of the dry and wet sedimentation and the area of each land utilization type, and finally determining the optimal interval scale suitable for the atmospheric sedimentation monitoring sampling point in the research area. The method can obtain more accurate sampling point distances based on the actual land utilization type distribution pattern, and finally, the atmospheric settlement of each functional area can be effectively and comprehensively monitored, and the waste of resources is avoided.
CN111521452a discloses a method for collecting and detecting atmospheric nitrogen sedimentation samples. It mainly comprises: sampling the total sedimentation of the atmospheric nitrogen and the wet sedimentation of the atmospheric nitrogen simultaneously by using two glass dust collecting cylinders which contain 3-6cm of distilled water and have the inner diameter of 10-15cm, filtering the samples by using a microporous filter membrane with the diameter of 0.2-0.5 mu m, detecting the concentration of anions and cations and the total nitrogen in the samples by using a flow analyzer and a potassium sulfate oxidation method respectively, obtaining the total sedimentation of the atmospheric nitrogen and the wet sedimentation of the atmospheric nitrogen, and calculating the dry sedimentation of the atmospheric nitrogen by the difference value, wherein the glass dust collecting cylinder for sampling the total sedimentation of the atmospheric nitrogen is always opened in the sampling process, and the glass dust collecting cylinder for sampling the wet sedimentation of the atmospheric nitrogen is opened before precipitation. The method for collecting and detecting the atmospheric nitrogen sample is simple to operate and accurate in detection result.
CN111678741a discloses an intelligent collection and online analysis system for atmospheric nitrogen sedimentation based on underlying surface substitution, comprising: the sample collection module is used for synchronously separating and collecting dry sedimentation and wet sedimentation to obtain a collection liquid; the sample pretreatment module is used for pretreating the collecting liquid to obtain a sample to be tested; the sample injection control and online analysis module is used for sample injection control of a sample to be detected and nitrogen concentration measurement of each component; and the data analysis module is used for obtaining the nitrogen sedimentation flux according to sample parameters, wherein the sample parameters comprise the sample volume, the nitrogen concentration of each component and the area of the sample collection module. According to the modularized and hierarchical design principle, the invention completes the overall design scheme of each module of the on-line monitoring and analyzing system for the atmospheric nitrogen settlement, integrates the devices such as a pure water preparation system, an ultrasonic generator, a meteorological observation device, a data acquisition device, a data transmission device and the like, and realizes the complete intelligent system for the on-line monitoring of the unmanned atmospheric nitrogen settlement.
CN112698000a discloses an ecological risk assessment system of a foreign plant xanthium sibiricum, which comprises an ecological simulation module, an xanthium sibiricum preimplantation, a nitrogen sedimentation simulation system and microorganism detection; ecological simulation module: six cultivation areas are simulated according to the local soil layer structure, the area of each cultivation area is not smaller than 100cm by 120cm, the ecological simulation module is arranged outdoors, the depth is not smaller than 60cm, and the coating structure simulates the type of gray desert soil. According to the ecological risk assessment system for the external plant xanthium sibiricum, five nitrogen sedimentation cultivation areas with manual control and one natural nitrogen sedimentation cultivation area are arranged to respectively study rhizosphere microorganisms of the xanthium sibiricum, wherein the soil layer structure of the cultivation area strictly simulates the soil layer structure, and aiming at the change of the nitrogen sedimentation level, the cultivation area can be effectively and intuitively reflected to be the change of an ecological system through experiments, so that references are provided for scientific researchers to study the invasion of external organisms and the change of the nitrogen sedimentation to the ecological system.
CN207751748U discloses a precipitation sample collection device for nitrogen sedimentation analysis and detection, including the rainwater collection mouth, the bottom mounting of rainwater collection mouth has the hollow tube, rust-resistant wall has been cup jointed to the outer wall of rainwater collection mouth, the inside joint of hollow tube has the downcomer, the inside joint of downcomer has the filter screen, the bottom fixedly connected with rainwater collection tank of downcomer, the inner wall top joint of rainwater collection tank has acidic cotton. Through setting up special rainwater collection tank, concentrate the rainwater in the jar, through design filter screen and acidic layer, the nitrogen element compound that exists in the messenger's rainwater can not be neutralized by other environmental factors, is favorable to improving the accuracy of rainwater detection numerical value, has solved the rainwater preliminary treatment and has gathered the inconvenient problem of rainwater.
It follows that few nitrogen sedimentation monitoring methods and devices are disclosed in the prior art, and that the application targets and scope thereof are not farms, but are simply collection devices or detection methods, which cannot be applied to the study of the peripheral nitrogen sedimentation of farms with large emissions.
In addition, since large farms are distributed in natural or semi-natural ecosystems in many discrete ways, the ecological effect caused by sedimentation of nitrogen around them cannot be ignored. At present, more researches on the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation are concentrated on exogenous nitrogen addition experiments, but the experiments have a plurality of defects, such as: the experimental period is short; the nitrogen adding time, the nitrogen adding amount and the nitrogen adding type can be greatly different from the nitrogen sedimentation in the natural state, and the nitrogen adding time, the nitrogen adding amount and the nitrogen adding type are difficult to regulate and control to be completely consistent with the natural nitrogen sedimentation condition. More importantly, the experiment conditions (air temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction and the like) in the natural state are difficult to completely repeat in the nitrogen addition experiment. Thus, the results of the exogenous nitrogen addition experiments to obtain the nitrogen sedimentation ecological effect may be highly uncertain with large and unpredictable inaccuracy, severely limiting its application.
Compared with an exogenous nitrogen adding experiment, in-situ sampling monitoring research can better reflect nitrogen sedimentation and the real situation of generating ecological effect, but ecological effect research focuses on the response rule of soil and plants to nitrogen sedimentation and the like, and unfortunately, because the influence of heterogeneity of the soil and the plants is larger under natural conditions, an ideal and homogeneous sample is difficult to obtain by in-situ sampling monitoring research, and the ecological response rule of the soil and the plants under natural nitrogen sedimentation gradient can be covered, so that the accuracy is lost.
At present, the in-situ monitoring and researching method for the ecological effect of the surrounding nitrogen sedimentation of the large-scale farm is as follows: based on climate condition analysis (wind speed and wind direction analysis) of a region of a farm, determining main downwind directions (such as north, south, northeast and the like), collecting soil and plant samples according to distance gradients (100 m, 200m, 300m, 400m and the like from the farm) on the basis of determining the main wind directions, and collecting a soil sample with the surface layer of 10cm and collecting the same plant sample when ammonia settlement is monitored.
However, it is known that soil and plant distribution has high heterogeneity, and it is difficult to ensure that all soil types and land use types are consistent on sampling strips (such as north 100m, north 200m, north 300m, north 400m, etc.) under natural conditions. In addition, it is difficult to ensure that the same plant is present on the sampling points (e.g., north 100m, north 200m, north 300m, north 400m, etc.), and it is also difficult to ensure that the sampling point plants are not covered by other vegetation canopy layers. All the conditions influence the collected quality, and the quality of the sample directly relates to the quality and accuracy of the experimental result, so that the applicability is severely limited.
Compared with in-situ monitoring experiments, the problems of the simulation experiment of adding exogenous nitrogen in a laboratory are more, the limitation is larger, and the simulation experiment is not applicable to the study of the ecological effect of sedimentation of peripheral nitrogen in a large-scale farm.
Therefore, how to develop and research a method suitable for researching the ecological effect of the peripheral nitrogen sedimentation of a large-scale farm has very important practical significance in the current ecological environment protection field, is a research hot spot and an important point in the field at present, has good research value and practical value for disclosing the local environment change rule and reasonably and circularly carrying out environment prediction and judgment, and is the starting point and the power place for completing the method.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on development and research of a method suitable for researching the ecological effect of peripheral nitrogen sedimentation of a large-scale farm, the inventor performs a great deal of deep research, combines potting experiments on the basis of in-situ monitoring research after performing a great deal of creative labor and years of deep research, and takes the periphery of the large-scale farm as a research area so as to obtain ideal soil and plant samples under the natural ammonia sedimentation gradient, thereby accurately revealing the response rule of the soil and plants to nitrogen sedimentation and further completing the invention.
The present invention has been completed.
In particular, the present invention relates generally to the following aspects.
The invention provides a monitoring method (hereinafter also referred to as a monitoring method) for the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm, which comprises the following steps:
s1: analyzing the wind frequency condition of the region where the large-scale farm is located, and determining the main downwind direction and the non-main downwind direction;
s2: under the condition that the natural state is determined by the non-main downwind direction, the land block with basically consistent ecological appearance is obtained;
s3: collecting soil columns on the land parcels, and collecting soil samples for physical and chemical index analysis;
s4: taking a plurality of test basins, and putting the soil columns in the step S3 into the test basins one by one to form soil-loading basins;
s5: determining dominant herbaceous plants of a plant community surrounding the large farm, and collecting dominant herbaceous seeds; meanwhile, collecting the same moss distributed around the large-scale farm;
s6: setting a plurality of test points in the main downwind direction of the farm, and setting a comparison point in the non-main downwind direction;
s7: uniformly dividing the dominant herb seeds and moss collected in the step S5 respectively, and placing a plurality of soil-loading basins at each test point and each comparison point, wherein part of the dominant herb seeds and part of the moss are planted on the soil-loading basins, and the rest soil-loading basins are maintained to be original;
s8: an ALPHA sampler is arranged at each test point and each control point position and is used for monitoring the ammonia settlement (dry settlement) of each test point and each control point;
s9: a rain gauge is arranged in the farm, a rain water sample is collected, and the inorganic nitrogen content (NH) in the rain water sample is analyzed 4 + -N，NO 3 — N) (wet settling amount);
s10, replacing an ALPHA sampler once a month, and carrying out sample analysis so as to calculate annual ammonia settlement of 1 st to 5 th years at a plurality of distances of the large-scale farm;
s11: respectively drilling a surface soil sample in the soil-loading basin in odd years of the test, and carrying out physical and chemical index analysis; respectively sampling herbaceous plants and moss leaves in the soil-containing basin in each year of the test, and analyzing the N content and delta 15N of the herbaceous plant leaves and the moss leaves;
s12: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the change rule of the nitrogen sedimentation quantity (dry sedimentation quantity and wet sedimentation quantity) at the distance of each test point of the large-scale farm;
s13: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the nitrogen settlement of the large-scale farm and the response rule of soil and plants to nitrogen settlement.
In the method for monitoring the nitrogen sedimentation ecological effect around a large farm, in the step S1, the wind frequency condition of the region where the large farm is located can be obtained through meteorological data (for example, years of accumulated data of a local meteorological office), so that the wind direction is divided into 8 wind directions according to the wind frequency condition, and the main downwind direction and the non-main downwind direction are determined.
Wherein the 8 wind directions are north (i.e., north wind), north east (i.e., north wind), east (i.e., east wind), south (i.e., south-east wind), south (i.e., south wind), south-west (i.e., south-west wind), west (i.e., north-west wind), and north-west (i.e., north-west wind).
Among these 8 wind directions, the wind direction with the highest frequency is selected as the dominant downwind direction (of course, if there are the same plurality of highest frequency wind directions, one may be selected as the dominant downwind direction), while the wind direction with the lowest frequency is selected as the non-dominant downwind direction (of course, if there are the same plurality of lowest frequency wind directions, one may be selected as the non-dominant downwind direction).
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm according to the present invention, in step S2, it is preferable to determine a land block with a substantially uniform ecological appearance in a natural state in a non-main downwind direction of the large farm at a distance of 1500-2000m from the farm, for example, at a distance of 1500m, 1600m, 1700m, 1800m, 1900m or 2000m from the farm.
The ecological appearance is basically consistent, namely, the ecological appearance is not or is less subject to human interference, the soil type is consistent, the plant growth type is basically consistent, and therefore, the measurement standard and the like of each index of the soil can be ensured to be the same as much as possible.
Among them, in order to further secure uniformity of ecological appearance, the size of the land is preferably (1-4) mx (1-4) m, and may be, for example, 1 mx 1m, 1 mx 2m, 1 mx 3m, 1 mx 4m, 2 mx 2m, 2 mx 3m, 2 mx 4m, 3 mx 3m, 3 mx 4m, or 4 mx 4m, etc.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm, in the step S3, in order to ensure the accuracy and the standard consistency of physical and chemical index analysis, the surface layer withered matters of the land block are preferably removed, so that the collected soil columns are pure soil columns and are not doped with impurities such as flowers, leaves, roots, straws, fruits and the like of plants.
Among them, the soil column height is preferably 10-20cm, for example, 10cm, 15cm or 20cm, for the convenience of use and handling in the subsequent steps, etc.; the diameter is 8-12cm, for example 8cm, 10cm or 12cm.
The number of the collected soil columns can be 20-70, for example, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 or 70.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm, in the step S4, the number of the test basins is the same as the number of the soil columns in the step S3.
Wherein the test basin is preferably the same size as the soil column in step S3 or slightly larger than the soil column, thereby ensuring that the soil column can be fully, thoroughly and exactly loaded into the test basin.
For example, a sponge having a layer thickness of about 1cm may optionally be placed at the bottom of the test pot, and then the soil column placed into the test pot to form a soil-loaded pot.
In the method for monitoring the sedimentation ecological effect of nitrogen around a large farm, in the step S5, dominant herbaceous plants of a plant community around the large farm can be determined through various means, and the dominant herbaceous plants are determined through large-area observation most directly and intuitively. In general, in an area, there is usually an advantageous herb, which can be determined by observation without any difficulty and will not be described in detail here.
However, the moss distribution is almost ubiquitous, and the presence of moss can be observed in any region, so long as the collected moss is ensured to be the same, and the moss is not strictly limited in kind.
Wherein, in the moss collection process, damage to the moss root system is preferably avoided. Therefore, when moss seeds enter the soil-loading basin, the moss seeds can survive immediately, and the accuracy and timeliness of data are ensured.
Wherein, when the dominant herb seeds or moss are planted, the dominant herb seeds or moss are preferably planted at a position 3-5cm below the surface layer of the soil column in the basin, for example, 3cm, 4cm or 5cm.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm, in the step S6, a plurality of experimental points are arranged in the main downwind direction of the large farm, and generally, one experimental point can be arranged at each of 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500m of the main downwind direction, and 6 experimental points are all arranged. Of course, more test points with higher density can be provided, and a person skilled in the art can make appropriate determination and change according to actual requirements, and will not be described in detail here.
Among them, a control point is preferably set in an open place at a position of 1000-1500m in the non-main downwind direction.
Wherein, the test point and the control point are not covered by vegetation or artificial buildings, so as to accurately and undisturbed monitor and obtain data.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm, in the step S7, the dominant herb seeds collected in the step S5 and moss are uniformly divided into parts respectively, namely, the dominant herb seeds are uniformly divided into parts and the moss is uniformly divided into parts, and the parts of the dominant herb seeds are equal to the parts of the moss.
Therein, as an example, dominant herb seeds and moss were each uniformly divided into 14 parts (i.e., dominant herb seeds were uniformly divided into 14 parts and moss was uniformly divided into 14 parts), and 6 soil-loading pots were placed at each of the 6 experimental points and the control point (1 control point), wherein 2 soil-loading pots were populated with dominant herb seeds, 2 soil-loading pots were populated with moss, and the remaining 2 soil-loading pots were maintained as they were (i.e., only soil columns were loaded).
Of course, the dominant herb seeds and moss can be evenly divided into more parts, and more soil-loading basins can be placed at each test point and control point. Preferably, however, the number of soil pots populated with preferred herb seeds at each of the test and control points is equal to the number of soil pots populated with moss, which may allow for more accurate and easy comparison and generalization of the data.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm according to the present invention, in step S8, the distance between the ALPHA sampler and the ground is 1-2m, for example, 1m, 1.5m, or 2m.
The number of the ALPHA samplers is 2-5, for example, 2, 3, 4 or 5, for the data from the standpoint of accurate and reasonable arrangement.
By providing an ALPHA sampler, the ammonia settlement of each test point and control point, i.e. dry settlement, can be monitored.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm according to the present invention, in step S9, a rain gauge is installed inside the large farm, and naturally, the rain gauge needs to be installed in the open air in order to accurately receive precipitation.
By providing a rain gauge, the inorganic amine nitrogen content (e.g., ammonium (NH) 4 + ) N, nitrate (NO) in the compound 3 ) N in the compound, etc.), i.e., the wet settlement.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm of the present invention, in step S10, the ALPHA sampler is replaced once a month for the accuracy and integrity of data, so as to obtain the ammonia sedimentation amount of each test point and each control point of each month, so as to calculate the ammonia sedimentation amounts at different positions from the large farm, and the annual ammonia sedimentation amounts of each test point and each control point of 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th years are estimated or actually calculated.
Of course, if the time is long enough and conditions allow, the annual ammonia settlement of more years can also be calculated, and the person skilled in the art can make suitable selections and determinations according to the actual needs and conditions, which will not be described in detail here.
When making the estimation, the estimation can be made using a bi-directional exchange model, which is also a common model in the environmental field, see several technical literature, which will not be described in detail here.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm according to the present invention, in step S11, the soil sample on the surface layer of the soil-filled basin is drilled and obtained in odd number of years of the test, for example, when the test period is 5 or 6 years, the soil sample on the surface layer of the soil-filled basin is drilled and obtained in 1 st year, 3 rd year and 5 th year, and if the test period is 7 years, the soil sample on the surface layer of the soil-filled basin is drilled and obtained in 1 st year, 3 rd year, 5 th year and 7 th year, respectively, and so on, and detailed description thereof is omitted herein.
However, no matter how many years the experimental period is, samples of herbaceous plants and moss leaves in the soil-containing basin should be collected in each year of the experiment, and the N content and delta 15N of herbaceous plant leaves and moss leaves should be analyzed. Whereas for ease of acquisition, acquisition may typically be performed at 6-8 months of the year.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of the nitrogen settlement around the large farm, in the step S12, according to the data obtained in the plurality of steps, the change rule of the nitrogen settlement (dry settlement+wet settlement) at the distance of each test point of the large farm can be analyzed, calculated and summarized.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of the nitrogen sedimentation around the large farm, in the step S13, the data obtained through the steps, especially the change rule of the nitrogen sedimentation quantity (dry sedimentation quantity+wet sedimentation quantity) obtained in the step S12, can be analyzed, calculated and generalized, and the response rule of the nitrogen sedimentation quantity of the large farm and soil and plants to the nitrogen sedimentation can be provided for environmental monitoring, protection measures and the like.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm, other plants growing on each soil-loading basin in the step S7 need to be cleaned in time during the whole test period, and specifically: the soil-loading basin for planting dominant herb seeds needs to clean other plants except dominant herb in time, and the soil-loading basin for planting moss needs to clean other plants except moss in time. Therefore, the accuracy of the data of the N content and delta 15N of the grass plant leaves and moss leaves can not be influenced by the mass absorption of other plants.
In the method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm, the physicochemical index analysis items in the steps S3 and S11 comprise: all N, all P, SOC, DOC, NH 4 + -N，NO 3 - -N, pH, EC, microorganism C and microorganism N.
As described above, the invention provides a monitoring method for the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large-scale farm, which combines natural in-situ monitoring with potting experiments, and eliminates a plurality of interference factors in the experimental process as much as possible on the basis of maximally following natural experimental conditions, thereby accurately revealing the response rule of soil and plants to nitrogen sedimentation gradient under natural conditions, providing data support and theoretical support for environmental protection, pollution control and the like, and having very important practical significance and popularization and application value in the field of environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a column with 6 test points (i.e., 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m, and 500 m) set up in the main leeward direction, 1 control point set up in the non-main leeward direction 1250m, and 1750m acquisition.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail by way of specific preparation examples and examples, but the purpose and purpose of these exemplary embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention, and do not limit the actual scope of the present invention in any way, nor limit the scope of the present invention thereto.
Example 1: method for monitoring ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around large farm
As shown in fig. 1, the monitoring method for 5 years (i.e., the monitoring period is 1 st to 5 th years) includes the following steps.
S1: analyzing the wind frequency condition of the region where the large-scale farm is located, and determining the main downwind direction and the non-main downwind direction, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
divide the wind direction into 8 wind directions: north (i.e., north wind), east (i.e., east wind), southeast (i.e., south wind), south (i.e., south wind), southwest (i.e., southwest wind), west (i.e., west wind), and northwest (i.e., northwest wind).
Of these 8 directions, the eastern wind direction with the highest frequency is the dominant downwind direction, and the southward wind direction with the lowest frequency is the non-dominant downwind direction.
S2: in a natural state determined at 1750m from the farm in a non-main downwind direction, i.e., in a south wind direction, a plot with substantially uniform ecological appearance is 1m×1m in size.
S3: collecting soil columns on the land parcels, collecting soil samples for physical and chemical index analysis, wherein the physical and chemical index analysis items comprise: all N, all P, SOC, DOC, NH 4 + -N，NO 3 - -N, pH, EC, microorganism C and microorganism N.
In order to ensure the accuracy and the standard consistency of the physicochemical index analysis, the surface layer withered matters of the land are removed, so that the collected soil columns are pure soil columns and are not doped with impurities such as flowers, leaves, rhizomes, straws, fruits and the like of plants; the soil column is 15cm in height, 10cm in diameter and 42 in collection quantity.
S4: and (3) taking 42 test basins, wherein the height of each test basin is 15cm, the diameter of each test basin is 10cm, optionally placing a layer of sponge with the thickness of 1cm at the bottom of each test basin, and then placing the soil columns collected in the step (S3) into the test basins one by one to form a soil-loading basin.
S5: determining dominant herbaceous plants of a plant community around the farm through large-area observation, and collecting dominant herbaceous seeds; meanwhile, the same moss distributed around the culturing farm is carefully collected, so that damage to moss root systems is avoided.
S6: 1 test point is respectively arranged at 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500m of the main downwind direction of the farm, namely 6 test points are all arranged at 1250m of the non-main downwind direction, and all the test points and the control points are not covered by vegetation or artificial buildings so as to accurately and undisturbed monitor and process and obtain data.
S7: the dominant herb seeds and moss were each evenly divided into 14 parts (i.e., the dominant herb seeds were evenly divided into 14 parts and the moss was evenly divided into 14 parts), and 6 soil-loading pots were placed at each of the 6 experimental points and the control point (1 control point), with 2 soil-loading pots holding the dominant herb seeds, 2 soil-loading pots holding the moss, and the remaining 2 soil-loading pots remaining undisturbed (i.e., only the soil column was loaded).
Wherein, when the dominant herb seeds or moss are planted, the dominant herb seeds or moss are planted at the position 4cm below the surface layer of the soil column in the basin.
S8: and 3 ALPHA samplers are arranged at the positions of each test point and each control point and 1.5m higher from the ground, and are used for monitoring the ammonia settlement (dry settlement) of each test point and each control point.
S9: a rain gauge is installed in the open air inside the farm, a rain water sample is collected, and the inorganic nitrogen content (e.g., ammonium (NH) 4 + ) N, nitrate (NO 3 ) N in the compound, etc.), i.e., the wet settlement.
S10, replacing the ALPHA sampler once a month to obtain ammonia settlement amounts of each test point and control point of each month, calculating ammonia settlement amounts at different positions from the large farm, and estimating or actually calculating annual ammonia settlement amounts of each test point and control point of 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th years.
S11: drilling a soil sample on the surface layer of the soil-loading basin in the 1 st year, the 3 rd year and the 5 th year of the test respectively, and carrying out physical and chemical index analysis, wherein the physical and chemical index analysis items comprise: all N, all P, SOC, DOC, NH 4 + -N，NO 3 - -N、pH、EC. Microorganism C and microorganism N; respectively collecting samples of herbaceous plants and moss leaves in a soil-containing basin in 7 months of each year of the test, and analyzing the N content and delta 15N of the herbaceous plant leaves and the moss leaves;
s12: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the change rule of the nitrogen sedimentation quantity (dry sedimentation quantity+wet sedimentation quantity) at each test point of the large-scale farm, namely 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500 m;
s13: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the nitrogen settlement of the large-scale farm and the response rule of soil and plants to nitrogen settlement.
Example 2: method for monitoring ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around large farm
The monitoring method is 7 years, and specifically comprises the following steps.
S1: analyzing the wind frequency condition of the region where the large-scale farm is located, and determining the main downwind direction and the non-main downwind direction, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
divide the wind direction into 8 wind directions: north (i.e., north wind), east (i.e., east wind), southeast (i.e., south wind), south (i.e., south wind), southwest (i.e., southwest wind), west (i.e., west wind), and northwest (i.e., northwest wind).
Of these 8 directions, the southeast wind direction with the highest frequency is the dominant downwind direction, while the north wind direction with the lowest frequency is the non-dominant downwind direction.
S2: in a natural state determined at 1500m distance from the farm in a non-main downwind direction, i.e. in a south wind direction, a block of land with basically consistent ecological appearance is 2m×2m in size.
S3: collecting soil columns on the land parcels, collecting soil samples for physical and chemical index analysis, wherein the physical and chemical index analysis items comprise: all N, all P, SOC, DOC, NH 4 + -N，NO 3 - -N, pH, EC, microorganism C and microorganism N.
In order to ensure the accuracy and the standard consistency of the physicochemical index analysis, the surface layer withered matters of the land are removed, so that the collected soil columns are pure soil columns and are not doped with impurities such as flowers, leaves, rhizomes, straws, fruits and the like of plants; the soil column is 10cm in height, 12cm in diameter and 63 in collection quantity.
S4: taking 63 test basins, wherein the height of each test basin is 10cm, the diameter of each test basin is 12cm, optionally placing a layer of sponge with the thickness of 1cm at the bottom of each test basin, and then placing the soil columns collected in the step S3 into the test basins one by one to form a soil-loading basin.
S5: determining dominant herbaceous plants of a plant community around the farm through large-area observation, and collecting dominant herbaceous seeds; meanwhile, the same moss distributed around the culturing farm is carefully collected, so that damage to moss root systems is avoided.
S6: 1 test point is respectively arranged at 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500m of the main downwind direction of the farm, namely 6 test points are all arranged at 1000m of the non-main downwind direction, and all the test points and the control points are not covered by vegetation or artificial buildings so as to accurately and undisturbed monitor and process and obtain data.
S7: the dominant herb seeds and moss were each evenly divided into 21 parts (i.e., the dominant herb seeds were evenly divided into 21 parts and the moss was evenly divided into 21 parts), and 9 soil-loading pots were placed at each of the 6 experimental points and the control point (1 control point), with 3 soil-loading pots holding the dominant herb seeds, 3 soil-loading pots holding the moss, and the remaining 3 soil-loading pots remaining undisturbed (i.e., only the soil column was loaded).
Wherein, when the dominant herb seeds or moss are planted, the dominant herb seeds or moss are planted at a position 3cm below the surface layer of the soil column in the basin.
S8: and 2 ALPHA samplers are arranged at the positions of each test point and each control point and 2m higher from the ground surface, and are used for monitoring the ammonia settlement (dry settlement) of each test point and each control point.
S9: a rain gauge is installed in the open air inside the farm, a rain water sample is collected, and the inorganic nitrogen content (e.g., ammonium (NH) 4 + ) N, nitrate (NO 3 ) N in the compound, etc.), i.e., the wet settlement.
S10, replacing the ALPHA sampler once a month to obtain ammonia settlement amounts of each test point and control point of each month, calculating ammonia settlement amounts of different positions from the large farm, and estimating or actually calculating annual ammonia settlement amounts of each test point and control point of 1 st year, 2 nd year, 3 rd year, 4 th year, 5 th year, 6 th year and 7 th year.
S11: drilling a surface soil sample in a soil-loading basin in the 1 st year, the 3 rd year, the 5 th year and the 7 th year of the test respectively, and carrying out physical and chemical index analysis, wherein the physical and chemical index analysis items comprise: all N, all P, SOC, DOC, NH 4 + -N，NO 3 - -N, pH, EC, microorganism C and microorganism N; respectively collecting samples of herbaceous plants and moss leaves in a soil-containing basin in 7 months of each year of the test, and analyzing the N content and delta 15N of the herbaceous plant leaves and the moss leaves;
s12: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the change rule of the nitrogen sedimentation quantity (dry sedimentation quantity+wet sedimentation quantity) at each test point of the large-scale farm, namely 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500 m;
s13: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the nitrogen settlement of the large-scale farm and the response rule of soil and plants to nitrogen settlement.
Example 3: method for monitoring ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around large farm
The monitoring method is 3 years, and specifically comprises the following steps.
S1: analyzing the wind frequency condition of the region where the large-scale farm is located, and determining the main downwind direction and the non-main downwind direction, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
divide the wind direction into 8 wind directions: north (i.e., north wind), east (i.e., east wind), southeast (i.e., south wind), south (i.e., south wind), southwest (i.e., southwest wind), west (i.e., west wind), and northwest (i.e., northwest wind).
Of these 8 directions, the northeast wind direction with the highest frequency is the dominant downwind direction, while the southwest wind direction with the lowest frequency is the non-dominant downwind direction.
S2: in a natural state determined at a distance of 1000m from the farm in a non-main downwind direction, i.e. in a south wind direction, a land block with basically consistent ecological appearance is 3m×4m in size.
S3: collecting soil columns on the land parcels and collecting soil samplesPerforming physical and chemical index analysis, wherein the physical and chemical index analysis items comprise: all N, all P, SOC, DOC, NH 4 + -N，NO 3 - -N, pH, EC, microorganism C and microorganism N.
In order to ensure the accuracy and the standard consistency of the physicochemical index analysis, the surface layer withered matters of the land are removed, so that the collected soil columns are pure soil columns and are not doped with impurities such as flowers, leaves, rhizomes, straws, fruits and the like of plants; the soil column is 20cm in height, 8cm in diameter and 21 in collection quantity.
S4: and (3) taking 21 test basins, wherein the height of each test basin is 20cm, the diameter of each test basin is 8cm, optionally placing a layer of sponge with the thickness of 1cm at the bottom of each test basin, and then placing the soil columns collected in the step (S3) into the test basins one by one to form a soil-loading basin.
S5: determining dominant herbaceous plants of a plant community around the farm through large-area observation, and collecting dominant herbaceous seeds; meanwhile, the same moss distributed around the culturing farm is carefully collected, so that damage to moss root systems is avoided.
S6: 1 test point is respectively arranged at 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500m of the main downwind direction of the farm, namely 6 test points are all arranged at 1500m of the non-main downwind direction, and all the test points and the control points are not covered by vegetation or artificial buildings so as to accurately and undisturbed monitor and process and obtain data.
S7: the dominant herb seeds and moss were each evenly divided into 7 parts (i.e., the dominant herb seeds were evenly divided into 7 parts and the moss was evenly divided into 7 parts), and 3 soil-loading pots were placed at each of the 6 experimental points and the control point (1 control point), with the dominant herb seeds on 1 soil-loading pot, moss on 1 soil-loading pot, and the remaining 1 soil-loading pot maintained as it was (i.e., only the soil column was loaded).
Wherein, when the dominant herb seeds or moss are planted, the dominant herb seeds or moss are planted at a position 5cm below the surface layer of the soil column in the basin.
S8: and 5 ALPHA samplers are arranged at the positions of each test point and each control point and 1m higher from the ground, and are used for monitoring the ammonia settlement (dry settlement) of each test point and each control point.
S9: a rain gauge is installed in the open air inside the farm, a rain water sample is collected, and the inorganic nitrogen content (e.g., ammonium (NH) 4 + ) N, nitrate (NO 3 ) N in the compound, etc.), i.e., the wet settlement.
S10, replacing the ALPHA sampler once a month, so as to obtain ammonia settlement of each test point and each control point of each month, calculating ammonia settlement at different positions from the large farm, and estimating or actually calculating annual ammonia settlement of each test point and each control point of 1 st year, 2 nd year and 3 rd year.
S11: drilling a surface soil sample in a soil-loading basin in the 1 st year and the 3 rd year of the test respectively, and carrying out physical and chemical index analysis, wherein the physical and chemical index analysis items comprise: all N, all P, SOC, DOC, NH 4 + -N，NO 3 - -N, pH, EC, microorganism C and microorganism N; respectively collecting samples of herbaceous plants and moss leaves in a soil-containing basin in 7 months of each year of the test, and analyzing the N content and delta 15N of the herbaceous plant leaves and the moss leaves;
s12: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the change rule of the nitrogen sedimentation quantity (dry sedimentation quantity+wet sedimentation quantity) at each test point of the large-scale farm, namely 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500 m;
s13: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the nitrogen settlement of the large-scale farm and the response rule of soil and plants to nitrogen settlement.
As described above, the invention provides a monitoring method for the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large-scale farm, which combines natural in-situ monitoring with potting experiments, and eliminates a plurality of interference factors in the experimental process as much as possible on the basis of maximally following natural experimental conditions, thereby accurately revealing the response rule of soil and plants to nitrogen sedimentation gradient under natural conditions, providing data support and theoretical support for environmental protection, pollution control and the like, and having very important practical significance and popularization and application value in the field of environmental protection.
It should be understood that these examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications and/or variations may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the technical content of the present invention, and that all such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of protection defined in the claims appended hereto.
Claims (6)
1. A method for monitoring the ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around a large farm, comprising the following steps:
s1: analyzing the wind frequency condition of the region where the large-scale farm is located, and determining the main downwind direction and the non-main downwind direction;
s2: under the condition that the natural state is determined by the non-main downwind direction, the land block with basically consistent ecological appearance is obtained;
s3: collecting soil columns on the land parcels, and collecting soil samples for physical and chemical index analysis;
s4: taking a plurality of test basins, and putting the soil columns in the step S3 into the test basins one by one to form soil-loading basins;
s5: determining dominant herbaceous plants of a plant community surrounding the large farm, and collecting dominant herbaceous seeds; meanwhile, collecting the same moss distributed around the large-scale farm;
s6: setting a plurality of test points in the main downwind direction of the farm, and setting a comparison point in the non-main downwind direction;
s7: uniformly dividing the dominant herb seeds and moss collected in the step S5 respectively, and placing a plurality of soil-loading basins at each test point and each comparison point, wherein part of the dominant herb seeds and part of the moss are planted on the soil-loading basins, and the rest soil-loading basins are maintained to be original;
s8: an ALPHA sampler is arranged at each test point and each comparison point position for monitoring ammonia settlement of each test point and each comparison point;
s9: a rain gauge is arranged in the farm, a rain water sample is collected, and the inorganic nitrogen content in the rain water sample is analyzed;
s10, replacing an ALPHA sampler once a month, and carrying out sample analysis so as to calculate annual ammonia settlement of 1 st to 5 th years at a plurality of distances of the large-scale farm;
s11: respectively drilling a surface soil sample in the soil-loading basin in odd years of the test, and carrying out physical and chemical index analysis; respectively sampling herbaceous plants and moss leaves in the soil-containing basin in each year of the test, and analyzing the N content and delta 15N of the herbaceous plant leaves and the moss leaves;
s12: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the change rule of the nitrogen settlement amount at the distance of each test point of the large-scale farm;
s13: analyzing, calculating and summarizing the nitrogen settlement of the large-scale farm and the response rule of soil and plants to nitrogen settlement;
in the step S6, a test point is arranged at each of 50m, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m and 500m of the main downwind direction, and 6 test points are all arranged;
setting a comparison point at an open place at the position of 1000-1500m of the non-main downwind direction;
in the step S7, the dominant herb seeds collected in the step S5 and moss are respectively and uniformly divided into parts, namely the dominant herb seeds are uniformly divided into parts and the moss is uniformly divided into parts, and the parts of the dominant herb seeds are equal to the parts of the moss;
the physical and chemical index analysis items in steps S3 and S11 include: all N, all P, SOC, DOC, NH 4 + -N，NO 3 - -N, pH, EC, microorganism C and microorganism N.
2. The monitoring method of claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the 8 wind directions are north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west and northwest.
3. The monitoring method of claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, under the condition that the natural state is determined at the position 1500-2000m away from the non-main downwind direction of the large-scale farm, the land block with basically consistent ecological appearance is obtained.
4. The monitoring method of claim 1, wherein: the size of the land is (1-4) m× (1-4) m.
5. The monitoring method of claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the height of the soil column is 10-20cm, and the diameter of the soil column is 8-12cm.
6. The monitoring method of claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the collection number of the soil columns is 20-70.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111313306.9A CN113933468B (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Monitoring method for ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around large farm |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111313306.9A CN113933468B (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Monitoring method for ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around large farm |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113933468A CN113933468A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
| CN113933468B true CN113933468B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
Family
ID=79285943
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111313306.9A Active CN113933468B (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Monitoring method for ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around large farm |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113933468B (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103385143A (en) * | 2013-07-27 | 2013-11-13 | 雷学军 | Method for defining fast-growing plant scope |
| FR3027187A1 (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-04-22 | Centre Technique Interprofessionnel Des Oleagineux Et Du Chanvre (Cetiom) | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE QUANTITY OF NITROGEN FOR CULTURE |
| WO2016164446A1 (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-10-13 | AgriScience, Inc. | Nutrient complexing compositions |
| JP2018196351A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-13 | 広志 石原 | Moss sheet production method and moss sheet |
| CN109596378A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-09 | 四川农业大学 | One kind being used for plain in west of Sichuan Agro-ecological System atmospheric sedimentation monitoring point method for arranging |
| CN110432056A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-12 | 广州普邦园林股份有限公司 | A kind of near-nature forest zoology green-recovery method of South China's soil-slope |
| CN111678741A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-18 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Intelligent collection and online analysis system for atmospheric nitrogen settlement based on underlying surface substitution |
-
2021
- 2021-11-08 CN CN202111313306.9A patent/CN113933468B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103385143A (en) * | 2013-07-27 | 2013-11-13 | 雷学军 | Method for defining fast-growing plant scope |
| FR3027187A1 (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-04-22 | Centre Technique Interprofessionnel Des Oleagineux Et Du Chanvre (Cetiom) | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE QUANTITY OF NITROGEN FOR CULTURE |
| WO2016164446A1 (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-10-13 | AgriScience, Inc. | Nutrient complexing compositions |
| JP2018196351A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-13 | 広志 石原 | Moss sheet production method and moss sheet |
| CN109596378A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-09 | 四川农业大学 | One kind being used for plain in west of Sichuan Agro-ecological System atmospheric sedimentation monitoring point method for arranging |
| CN110432056A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-12 | 广州普邦园林股份有限公司 | A kind of near-nature forest zoology green-recovery method of South China's soil-slope |
| CN111678741A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-18 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Intelligent collection and online analysis system for atmospheric nitrogen settlement based on underlying surface substitution |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 氮添加对昆仑山高山草地土壤、微生物和植物生态化学计量特征的影响;岳泽伟;李向义;李磊;林丽莎;刘波;曾凡江;;生态科学(第03期);全文 * |
| 贵阳地区主要大气氮源的沉降机制与分布:基于石生苔藓氮含量和氮同位素的证据;刘学炎;肖化云;刘丛强;肖红伟;;地球化学(第05期);全文 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113933468A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Gash et al. | Micrometeorological measurements in Les Landes forest during HAPEX-MOBILHY | |
| CN110501476B (en) | Test method and device for migration and transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus in dry farmland | |
| CN208283128U (en) | A kind of atmospheric heavy metal deposition acquisition device | |
| Grip et al. | Water use by intensively cultivated willow using estimated stomatal parameter values | |
| CN116429988B (en) | Dynamic remote sensing monitoring device for ocean plant carbon sink | |
| CN105181936A (en) | Method for evaluating soil heavy metal pollution degree | |
| CN107179784A (en) | A kind of agricultural land soil Soil Moisture Monitoring system and method | |
| CN107421489B (en) | A kind of real-time nondestructive crop root system depth discrimination system and method | |
| CN109100471A (en) | A kind of device and its monitoring method of moss position monitor heavy metal atmospheric sedimentation amount | |
| CN110210142B (en) | Real-time water demand measuring and calculating method for rice in large irrigation areas in south | |
| CN113933468B (en) | Monitoring method for ecological effect of nitrogen sedimentation around large farm | |
| CN112098469B (en) | Soil conductivity detection system and method | |
| CN100575948C (en) | Measuring method of transfusion compensation terrestrial giving forth and evaporation | |
| CN109682944A (en) | Rice field nitrogen phosphorus detection system | |
| CN116502050B (en) | Dynamic interpolation method and system for global flux site evapotranspiration observation loss | |
| CN111406606B (en) | Intelligent water-saving irrigation system and irrigation method considering rice crop growth period | |
| CN109239027B (en) | Method and system for diagnosing physiological water shortage of crops | |
| CN106770505A (en) | A kind of soil in-situ quick-analysis method based on dielectric spectra | |
| CN105974091B (en) | The remote sensing and quantizing detection method of hayashishita herbosa litter richness | |
| CN111727767B (en) | Tea tree monitoring cultivation system | |
| CN103558063A (en) | Full-automatic atmosphere nitrogen dry and wet deposition collecting device as well as sample collecting and detection method | |
| CN106780083A (en) | A kind of method for building up of the medicinal plant threeleaf akebia ecological characteristic index based on GIS | |
| CN105123175A (en) | Inoculation method for corn gray leaf spot | |
| CN104730590B (en) | The method for determining current wetland blocking position is formed with plant cellulose oxygen isotope | |
| CN115908700B (en) | Construction method of canopy interception model based on ground laser radar point cloud data |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |