CN113930006A - 一种快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料、其制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料、其制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 claims description 65
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- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TZZGHGKTHXIOMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilyl-n-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC TZZGHGKTHXIOMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-thiodiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019304 dilauryl thiodipropionate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- RSKGMYDENCAJEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC RSKGMYDENCAJEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltriethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003493 octyltriethoxysilane Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical group CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料、其制备方法及其应用,快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料的原料组分包括:基料100份,低烟无卤阻燃剂100‑170份,乙烯基硅烷0.1‑10份,氨基硅烷0.1‑10份,过氧化二异丙苯0.02‑0.2份,交联催化剂1‑10份,润滑剂1‑10份和复合抗氧剂0.1‑10份。本发明使用了复合硅烷接枝技术,利用氨基硅烷的助粘性和乙烯基硅烷的可接枝性加速形成接枝点,再利用硅烷水解生成硅醇缩合的反应形成交联产物,显著提高了硅烷的接枝速率和接枝度,并在降低了加工过程中预交联的风险,为电线电缆制品提供了更加稳定的理化性能和加工性能,提升了使用温度;同时改善了材料的加工性能,提高了制备效率;且在阻燃、耐候性能上有了进一步提升。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料、其制备方法及其应用,属于低烟无卤阻燃电缆料技术领域。
背景技术
近年来,随着社会的发展,电线电缆的应用场合逐渐广泛,同时对电线电缆的阻燃性能、机械性能、电性能和环保的要求也逐渐提高。作为含卤阻燃电缆料的替代者,低烟无卤电缆料拥有更加广泛的应用,也更加环保,但是其阻燃性能与机械性能面临较大挑战。
在一般的低烟无卤聚烯烃电缆料使用中,由于聚烯烃的熔点较低,导致在较高温度下,电线电缆无法使用,容易引起安全隐患。因此对聚烯烃材料采用交联工艺,目前常用的方法主要分为硅烷交联、辐照交联和过氧化物交联。辐照交联工艺是在敏化剂的作用下,通过辐照射出的电子电流形成自由基,引发交联,在辐照交联加工过程中,由于电子电流的波动较大,容易造成交联程度不均一,而且辐照设备成本较高,不利于成本控制。过氧化物交联的交联程度受到高温管道的温度、长度影响较大,且占地面积较大。硅烷交联工艺是在聚烯烃树脂上通过引发剂接枝硅烷,再通过水煮或者自然条件下用接枝后的硅烷相互交联,得到交联型电缆料,该工艺设备成本低,交联程度均一,但由于引发剂用量较大,在接枝过程中容易发生预交联现象,导致产品性能不稳定。
发明内容
本发明提供一种快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料、其制备方法及其应用,快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料制备时引入了氨基硅烷作为助粘剂,降低了引发剂的用量,加快了硅烷接枝速率,提高了接枝率,在一定程度上降低了接枝过程中预交联的风险,提高了产品的稳定性、使用温度、阻燃性和生产效率。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案如下:
一种快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料,其原料组分包括:基料100份,低烟无卤阻燃剂100-170份,乙烯基硅烷0.1-10份,氨基硅烷0.1-10份,过氧化二异丙苯0.02-0.2份,交联催化剂1-10份,润滑剂1-10份和复合抗氧剂0.1-10份,所述份数为质量份数;其中,基料为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯:乙烯辛烯共聚物或乙烯丁烯共聚物:线性低密度聚乙烯:聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐的质量比为(50-70):(5-20):(15-30):(5-15)的混合物;润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡:硅酮母粒的质量比为(0.5-5):(1-10)的混合物。
上述快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料,使用复合硅烷接枝技术,利用氨基硅烷的助粘性和乙烯基硅烷的可接枝性加速形成接枝点,再利用硅烷水解生成硅醇缩合的反应,及Si-O-Si交联反应,交联得到目标产物。
本申请引入氨基硅烷,进一步加快了接枝速率,提高了接枝率,在一定程度上降低了材料在接枝交联过程中的预交联的风险,为电线电缆制品提供了更稳定的耐热和机械性能。通过选择特定组成的润滑剂和高融指的乙烯共聚物作为基料,改善了物料的加工性能,提高了制备效率。
为了加快硅烷接枝速率,降低材料预交联的风险,氨基硅烷为双-(3-三甲氧基硅丙基)胺、3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、辛基三乙氧基硅烷或十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷中的至少一种。
为了提高交联程度,乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯中的醋酸乙烯含量为26-50%,熔融指数≤6g/10min;乙烯辛烯共聚物或乙烯辛烯共聚物的熔融指数≥5g/10min;聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐的接枝率为1-3%。
为了提高材料的阻燃性能,降低成本,低烟无卤阻燃剂为氢氧化镁或氢氧化铝中的至少一种。进一步优选,低烟无卤阻燃剂为氢氧化镁与氢氧化铝质量比为2:(0.8-1.2)的混合物。
为了进一步提高绝缘料的耐候性,复合抗氧剂为季戊四醇酯类抗氧剂1010、磷酸酯类抗氧剂168、硫代双酚类抗氧剂300或硫代二丙酸二月桂酯抗氧剂DLTP中的至少一种。进一步优选,复合抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010与抗氧剂168质量比为1:(0.8-1.2)的混合物。
为了加快材料的交联速率,降低生产周期,交联催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡、氧化锌、烷基苯磺酸、有机钛螯合物或苯乙烯中的至少一种。
为了提高材料的流动性,改善材料的加工性能,润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸锌或硅酮母粒中的至少一种。进一步优选,润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡与硅酮母粒质量比为1:(4-6)的混合物。
上述快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)低烟无卤母料的制备:将基料、低烟无卤阻燃剂、复合抗氧剂和润滑剂一起投入到温度为140-160℃的捏炼机中混炼10-15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到低烟无卤母粒;
(2)硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料的制备:先将30-50wt%的低烟无卤母料与乙烯基硅烷、氨基硅烷和过氧化二异丙苯搅拌吸附,再熔融共混得硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料;
(3)催化剂母料B料的制备:将余量的低烟无卤母料和交联催化剂一起投入到温度为140-160℃的捏炼机中混炼10-15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到催化剂母料B料;
(4)将硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料和催化剂母料B料按照95:(4.5-5.5)的质量比熔融共混,制备得到快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料。
上述制备方法将低烟无卤母料分步骤使用,进一步确保了产品性能的均匀性。
为了进一步提高产品的机械性能,步骤(2)中,硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料的制备为:先将30-50wt%的低烟无卤母料与乙烯基硅烷、氨基硅烷和过氧化二异丙苯在40-60℃下搅拌吸附3.5-4.5小时,再通过温度为140-180℃的双螺杆,水冷拉条造粒,所得粒子通过干燥储存,得到硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料。
本申请无特别说明的比例均指质量比。
将上述快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料经温度为120-160℃的单螺杆挤出,再经70-90℃水煮0.5-2.0小时,即得到交联型电缆。
本发明未提及的技术均参照现有技术。
本发明快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料,使用复合硅烷接枝技术,利用氨基硅烷的助粘性和乙烯基硅烷的可接枝性加速形成接枝点,再利用硅烷水解生成硅醇缩合的反应,加快了接枝速率,提高了接枝率,一定程度上降低了材料在接枝过程中可能发生的预交联现象,为电线电缆制品提供了更加稳定的理化性能和加工性能,提升了使用温度;同时使用了高融指的材料,改善了材料的加工性能,提高了制备效率;使用了低烟无卤阻燃剂,复合润滑剂和复合抗氧剂,使得该绝缘料在阻燃、加工、耐候性能上有了进一步提升,改善了产品质量。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容,但本发明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。
对比例1
快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料的步骤如下:
1)基料(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯,扬子巴斯夫,6110MC;乙烯-辛烯共聚物,DOW,8200;线性低密度聚乙烯,中石化,7042;聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐,久聚,JCP1000,前述四种材料的质量比依次为60:15:15:10)100份;低烟无卤阻燃剂(氢氧化镁,艾特可,10FG;氢氧化铝,雅宝,104LEO,氢氧化镁:氢氧化铝的质量比为2:1)150份;复配抗氧剂(抗氧剂1010,力生;抗氧剂168,力生,抗氧剂1010:抗氧剂168的质量比为1:1)1份和润滑剂(聚乙烯蜡,可赛;硅酮母粒,武江,PMAF-15,聚乙烯蜡:硅酮母粒的质量比为1:5)3份,所述份数为质量份数。将前述述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到低烟无卤母粒。
2)将上述制备得到的低烟无卤母粒100份,硅烷(乙烯基硅烷,德固赛,6490)1份,氨基硅烷(德固赛,1124)0份和过氧化二异丙苯0.04份在55℃下搅拌吸附4小时,再通过温度为140-160℃的双螺杆,水冷拉条造粒,所得粒子通过干燥储存,得到硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料。
3)在余量的低烟无卤母粒(154份)中添加有机锡(二月桂酸二丁基锡,德音化学,DY-12)2份,将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到催化剂母料B料。
4)将所得硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料和催化剂母料B料按95:5比例复配均匀,经过温度为120-140℃单螺杆挤出包覆在导体表面,得可交联电线电缆,最后将目标在70℃水浴中放置2小时,即得交联型电线电缆。
实施例1
快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料的步骤如下:
1)基料(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯,扬子巴斯夫,6110MC;乙烯-辛烯共聚物,DOW,8200;线性低密度聚乙烯,中石化,7042;聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐,久聚,JCP1000,前述四种材料的质量比依次为60:15:15:10)100份;低烟无卤阻燃剂(氢氧化镁,艾特可,10FG;氢氧化铝,雅宝,104LEO,氢氧化镁:氢氧化铝的质量比为2:1)150份;复配抗氧剂(抗氧剂1010,力生;抗氧剂168,力生,抗氧剂1010:抗氧剂168的质量比为1:1)1份和润滑剂(聚乙烯蜡,可赛;硅酮母粒,武江,PMAF-15,聚乙烯蜡:硅酮母粒的质量比为1:5)3份,所述份数为质量份数。将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到低烟无卤母粒。
2)将上述制备得到的低烟无卤母粒100份,乙烯基硅烷(德固赛,6490)1份,氨基硅烷(德固赛,1124)0.2份和过氧化二异丙苯0.04份在55℃下搅拌吸附4小时,再通过温度为140-160℃的双螺杆,水冷拉条造粒,所得粒子通过干燥储存,得到硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料。
3)在上述余量的低烟无卤母粒(154份)中添加有机锡(二月桂酸二丁基锡,德音化学,DY-12)2份,将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到催化剂母料B料。
4)将所得硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料和催化剂母料B料按95:5比例复配均匀,经过温度为120-140℃单螺杆挤出包覆在导体表面,得可交联电线电缆,最后将目标在70℃水浴中放置2小时,及得交联型电线电缆。
实施例2
快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料的步骤如下:
1)基料(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯,扬子巴斯夫,6110MC;乙烯-辛烯共聚物,DOW,8200;线性低密度聚乙烯,中石化,7042;聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐,久聚,JCP1000,前述四种材料的质量比依次为60:15:15:10)100份;低烟无卤阻燃剂(氢氧化镁,艾特可,10FG;氢氧化铝,雅宝,104LEO,氢氧化镁:氢氧化铝的质量比为2:1)150份;复配抗氧剂(抗氧剂1010,力生;抗氧剂168,力生,抗氧剂1010:抗氧剂168的质量比为1:1)1份和润滑剂(聚乙烯蜡,可赛;硅酮母粒,武江,PMAF-15,聚乙烯蜡:硅酮母粒的质量比为1:5))3份,所述份数为质量份数。将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到低烟无卤母粒。
2)将上述制备得到的低烟无卤母粒100份,乙烯基硅烷(德固赛,6490)1份,氨基硅烷(德固赛,1124)0.4份和过氧化二异丙苯0.04份在55℃下搅拌吸附4小时,再通过温度为140-160℃的双螺杆,水冷拉条造粒,所得粒子通过干燥储存,得到硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料。
3)在上述余量的低烟无卤母粒(154份)中添加有机锡(二月桂酸二丁基锡,德音化学,DY-12)2份,将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到催化剂母料B料。
4)将所得硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料和催化剂母料B料按95:5比例复配均匀,经过温度为120-140℃单螺杆挤出包覆在导体表面,得可交联电线电缆,最后将目标在70℃水浴中放置2小时,及得交联型电线电缆。
实施例3
快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料的步骤如下:
1)基料(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯,扬子巴斯夫,6110MC;乙烯-辛烯共聚物,DOW,8200;线性低密度聚乙烯,中石化,7042;聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐,久聚,JCP1000,前述四种材料的质量比依次为60:15:15:10)100份;低烟无卤阻燃剂(氢氧化镁,艾特可,10FG;氢氧化铝,雅宝,104LEO质量比为2:1的混合物)150份;复配抗氧剂(抗氧剂1010,力生;抗氧剂168,力生,抗氧剂1010:抗氧剂168的质量比为1:1)1份和润滑剂(聚乙烯蜡,可赛;硅酮母粒,武江,PMAF-15,聚乙烯蜡:硅酮母粒的质量比为1:5)3份,所述份数为质量份数。将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到低烟无卤母粒。
2)将上述制备得到的低烟无卤母粒100份,乙烯基硅烷(德固赛,6490)1份,氨基硅烷(德固赛,1124)0.6份和过氧化二异丙苯0.04份在55℃下搅拌吸附4小时,再通过温度为140-160℃的双螺杆,水冷拉条造粒,所得粒子通过干燥储存,得到硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料。
3)在上述余量的低烟无卤母粒(154份)中添加有机锡(二月桂酸二丁基锡,德音化学,DY-12)2份,将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到催化剂母料B料。
4)将所得硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料和催化剂母料B料按95:5比例复配均匀,经过温度为120-140℃单螺杆挤出包覆在导体表面,得可交联电线电缆,最后将目标在70℃水浴中放置2小时,及得交联型电线电缆。
实施例4
快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料的步骤如下:
1)基料(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯,扬子巴斯夫,6110MC;乙烯-辛烯共聚物,DOW,8200;线性低密度聚乙烯,中石化,7042;聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐,久聚,JCP1000,前述四种材料的质量比依次为60:15:15:10)100份;低烟无卤阻燃剂(氢氧化镁,艾特可,10FG;氢氧化铝,雅宝,104LEO,氢氧化镁:氢氧化铝的质量比为2:1)150份;复配抗氧剂(抗氧剂1010,力生;抗氧剂168,力生,抗氧剂1010:抗氧剂168的质量比为1:1)1份和润滑剂(聚乙烯蜡,可赛;硅酮母粒,武江,PMAF-15,聚乙烯蜡:硅酮母粒的质量比为1:5)3份,所述份数为质量份数。将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到低烟无卤母粒。
2)将上述制备得到的低烟无卤母粒100份,乙烯基硅烷(德固赛,6490)1份,氨基硅烷(德固赛,1124)0.2份和过氧化二异丙苯0.04份在55℃下搅拌吸附4小时,再通过温度为150-170℃的双螺杆,水冷拉条造粒,所得粒子通过干燥储存,得到硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料。
3)在上述余量的低烟无卤母粒(154份)中添加有机锡(二月桂酸二丁基锡,德音化学,DY-12)2份,将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到催化剂母料B料。
4)将所得硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料和催化剂母料B料按95:5比例复配均匀,经过温度为120-140℃单螺杆挤出包覆在导体表面,得可交联电线电缆,最后将目标在70℃水浴中放置2小时,及得交联型电线电缆。
实施例5
快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料的步骤如下:
1)基料(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯,扬子巴斯夫,6110MC;乙烯-辛烯共聚物,DOW,8200;线性低密度聚乙烯,中石化,7042;聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐,久聚,JCP1000,,前述四种材料的质量比依次为60:15:15:10)100份;低烟无卤阻燃剂(氢氧化镁,艾特可,10FG;氢氧化铝,雅宝,104LEO,氢氧化镁:氢氧化铝的质量比为2:1)150份;复配抗氧剂(抗氧剂1010,力生;抗氧剂168,力生,抗氧剂1010:抗氧剂168的质量比为1:1)1份和润滑剂(聚乙烯蜡,可赛;硅酮母粒,武江,PMAF-15,聚乙烯蜡:硅酮母粒的质量比为1:5)3份,所述份数为质量份数。将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到低烟无卤母粒。
2)将上述制备得到的低烟无卤母粒100份,乙烯基硅烷(德固赛,6490)1份,氨基硅烷(德固赛,1124)0.2份和过氧化二异丙苯0.04份在55℃下搅拌吸附4小时,再通过温度为160-180℃的双螺杆,水冷拉条造粒,所得粒子通过干燥储存,得到硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料。
3)在上述余量的低烟无卤母粒(154份)中添加有机锡(二月桂酸二丁基锡,德音化学,DY-12)2份,将上述原料一起投入到捏炼机中混炼,温度为145℃,时间为15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到催化剂母料B料。
4)将所得硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料和催化剂母料B料按95:5比例复配均匀,经过温度为120-140℃单螺杆挤出包覆在导体表面,得可交联电线电缆,最后将目标在70℃水浴中放置2小时,及得交联型电线电缆。
表1各例所得电缆的性能表
上述各例产品具有优异的加工性能,且产品的稳定性好,同一条件下,产品性能一致性达99.3%以上;且由表1可以看出,在制备硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料的工艺过程中,氨基硅烷的添加量和双螺杆的加工温度对材料的理化性能和加工性能有较大的影响,随着材料中氨基硅烷添加量逐渐增加,材料的热延伸逐渐减小,交联度逐渐增加;同时,加工温度的升高也可以提高材料交联度。
Claims (10)
1.一种快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料,其特征在于,其原料组分包括:基料100份,低烟无卤阻燃剂100-170份,乙烯基硅烷0.1-10份,氨基硅烷0.1-10份,过氧化二异丙苯0.02-0.2份,交联催化剂1-10份,润滑剂1-10份和复合抗氧剂0.1-10份,所述份数为质量份数;其中,基料为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯:乙烯辛烯共聚物或乙烯丁烯共聚物:线性低密度聚乙烯:聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐的质量比为(50-70):(5-20):(15-30):(5-15)的混合物;润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡:硅酮母粒的质量比为(0.5-5):(1-10)的混合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料,其特征在于,乙烯基硅烷为乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷,氨基硅烷为双-(3-三甲氧基硅丙基)胺、3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、辛基三乙氧基硅烷或十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷中的至少一种。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料,其特征在于,乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯中的醋酸乙烯含量为26-50%,熔融指数≤6g/10min;乙烯辛烯共聚物或乙烯辛烯共聚物的熔融指数≥5g/10min;聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐的接枝率为1-3%。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料,其特征在于,低烟无卤阻燃剂为氢氧化镁或氢氧化铝中的至少一种;复合抗氧剂为季戊四醇酯类抗氧剂1010、磷酸酯类抗氧剂168、硫代双酚类抗氧剂300或硫代二丙酸二月桂酯抗氧剂DLTP中的至少一种。
5.如权利要求4所述的快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料,其特征在于,低烟无卤阻燃剂为氢氧化镁与氢氧化铝质量比为2:(0.8-1.2)的混合物;复合抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010与抗氧剂168质量比为1:(0.8-1.2)的混合物。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料,其特征在于,交联催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡、氧化锌、烷基苯磺酸、有机钛螯合物或苯乙烯中的至少一种;润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸锌或硅酮母粒中的至少一种。
7.如权利要求6所述的快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料,其特征在于,润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡与硅酮母粒质量比为1:(4-6)的混合物。
8.权利要求1-7任意一项所述的快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)低烟无卤母料的制备:将基料、低烟无卤阻燃剂、复合抗氧剂和润滑剂一起投入到温度为140-160℃的捏炼机中混炼10-15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到低烟无卤母粒;
(2)硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料的制备:先将30-50wt%的低烟无卤母料与乙烯基硅烷、氨基硅烷和过氧化二异丙苯搅拌吸附,再熔融共混得硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料;
(3)催化剂母料B料的制备:将余量的低烟无卤母料和交联催化剂一起投入到温度为140-160℃的捏炼机中混炼10-15分钟,再通过温度为130-150℃的双螺杆挤出造粒,制备得到催化剂母料B料;
(4)将硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料和催化剂母料B料按照95:(4.5-5.5)的质量比熔融共混,制备得到快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料。
9.如权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料的制备为:先将30-50wt%的低烟无卤母料与乙烯基硅烷、氨基硅烷和过氧化二异丙苯在40-60℃下搅拌吸附3.5-4.5小时,再通过温度为140-180℃的双螺杆,水冷拉条造粒、干燥,得到硅烷接枝聚烯烃A料。
10.权利要求1-7任意一项所述的快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料的应用,其特征在于,将快速交联二步法硅烷交联低烟无卤绝缘料经温度为120-160℃的单螺杆挤出,再经70-90℃水煮0.5-2.0小时,得到交联型电缆。
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