CN113926870A - Bicycle axle center machining method - Google Patents
Bicycle axle center machining method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113926870A CN113926870A CN202111179322.3A CN202111179322A CN113926870A CN 113926870 A CN113926870 A CN 113926870A CN 202111179322 A CN202111179322 A CN 202111179322A CN 113926870 A CN113926870 A CN 113926870A
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- Prior art keywords
- blank
- hole
- axle center
- stepped
- machining
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/01—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion starting from material of particular form or shape, e.g. mechanically pre-treated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/14—Making other products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a bicycle axle center processing method, which comprises the following steps: heating an annular first blank with a first central hole to a first temperature, and then putting the first blank into a first die with a cylindrical blind hole on a first stamping machine tool; a first punching hammer of the first punching machine extends into a first central hole of the first blank to extrude the first blank along the radial direction so as to form a second blank; naturally cooling the second blank to room temperature, and transferring the second blank to a second grinding tool with a stepped blind hole on a second punching machine tool; and a second punch hammer of the second punching machine tool extends into a second central hole of the second blank to extrude the second blank along the radial direction to form a workpiece. The invention strengthens the strength of the annular blank by extruding twice, reduces the excessive deformation of the blank and ensures that the finally formed workpiece keeps higher precision and smoothness.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to a bicycle axle center, in particular to a bicycle axle center machining method.
[ background of the invention ]
At present, the prior art shows a bicycle axle center formed by processing aluminum alloy, and the prior processing method comprises the steps of boring a central hole in a columnar blank and boring a stepped hole in the reverse direction. The ideal processing mode is that the annular ingredients are directly formed by casting and directly bored to form the stepped hole, and the defects are that the annular blank meeting the processing conditions has high rejection rate in the casting link, more air holes and insufficient strength, so that the processing cost is increased. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for machining a bicycle axle center, which can improve the yield of the ring-shaped blank.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a bicycle axle center processing method for improving the yield on the basis of an annular blank.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method of machining a bicycle axle center, the method comprising the steps of:
heating an annular first blank with a first central hole to a first temperature, and then putting the first blank into a first die with a cylindrical blind hole on a first stamping machine tool;
a first punching hammer of the first punching machine extends into a first central hole of the first blank to extrude the first blank along the radial direction so as to form a second blank;
naturally cooling the second blank to room temperature, and transferring the second blank to a second grinding tool with a stepped blind hole on a second punching machine tool;
and a second punch hammer of the second punching machine tool extends into a second central hole of the second blank to extrude the second blank along the radial direction to form a workpiece.
More preferably, the first temperature is in the range of 70 ℃ to 220 ℃.
More preferably, the first temperature is in the interval of 110 ℃ to 180 ℃.
More preferably, the first temperature is 145 ℃.
Preferably, the first punch hammer is cylindrical, the outer diameter of the first punch hammer is larger than the inner diameter of the first center hole of the first blank, and the inner diameter of the second center hole of the second blank is equal to the outer diameter of the first punch hammer.
Preferably, the stepped blind hole comprises a first stepped hole extending along a surface away from the second mold and a second stepped hole extending from the first stepped hole along a surface away from the second mold.
Preferably, the outer periphery of the second blank is closely attached to the second stepped hole, and the outer diameter of the second blank is smaller than the inner diameter of the first stepped hole.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the second punch is larger than the inner diameter of the second blank, and the stroke of the second punch extending downwards from the surface of the second die is consistent with the depth of the first stepped hole.
Preferably, the height of the first blank is smaller than the depth of the blind hole, and the height of the second blank is smaller than the depth of the stepped blind hole.
Preferably, the center position of the first punch hammer coincides with the center position of the cylindrical blind hole, and the center position of the first punch hammer coincides with the center position of the stepped blind hole.
The invention has the advantages that the strength of the annular blank is enhanced through two times of extrusion, the blank is heated to a specific temperature before the first time of extrusion, the plasticity of the blank is improved, the defects of micro air holes and the like in the whole blank are effectively eliminated through the extrusion, the blank is naturally cooled to the indoor temperature before the second time of extrusion, the excessive deformation of the blank is reduced, and the finally formed workpiece keeps higher precision and smoothness. Simultaneously, compare the mode of bore hole among the prior art and promoted efficiency greatly, the cost is reduced.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural state diagram of a first blank of the present invention in a first die of a first press machine;
fig. 3 is a structural state diagram of a second blank of the present invention in a second die of a second press machine.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a bicycle axle center processing method, comprising the steps of:
s10: heating an annular first blank 10 with a first central hole 11 to a first temperature T, and then placing the heated annular first blank into a first die 30 with a cylindrical blind hole 31 on a first punching machine 20;
specifically, the first blank 10 is an aluminum alloy material formed by casting, and since the melting point of aluminum is low and is only 660 ℃, the casting process difficulty of the annular blank is higher than that of the columnar blank, and the annular aluminum alloy blank formed by casting has many pores and weak overall strength, and is difficult to meet the strength requirement of the axle center of the bicycle. Meanwhile, the inner surface of the first center hole 11 of the first blank 10 formed by casting has more burrs and has lower smoothness. In this embodiment, the plasticity of the first blank 10 can be improved after the first blank 10 is heated, so as to avoid the blank from being broken due to too large local stress formed in the extrusion process. Meanwhile, the micro-structure defects such as micro air holes in the whole blank are effectively eliminated in the extrusion process, and the extrusion forming yield is improved.
In this embodiment, the first temperature T is controlled to be 70 to 220 ℃. More preferably, the first temperature T is in the interval 110 ℃ to 180 ℃. Optimally, the first temperature T is 145 ℃.
Table 1 below shows the statistical yield status for 10 workpieces per set of temperatures.
TABLE 1
| Temperature (. degree.C.) | 70 | 90 | 110 | 130 | 150 | 170 | 190 | 210 | 230 |
| Good product rate% | 86.5 | 86.3 | 85.7 | 89.2 | 88.8 | 87.5 | 88.1 | 86.7 | 88.1 |
Specifically, the height of the first blank 10 is smaller than the depth of the cylindrical blind hole 31, so that the cylindrical blind hole 31 of the first mold 30 effectively restrains the radial deformation of the first blank 10.
S20: the first punch 21 of the first punching machine 20 extends into the first center hole 11 of the first blank 10 to radially press the first blank 10 to form a second blank 40;
specifically, the first punch 21 is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the first punch 21 is larger than the inner diameter of the first center hole 11 of the first blank 10, so that the first punch 21 protrudes into the first center hole 11 to press the first blank 10 in the radial direction of the annular blank.
The position of the center of the first punch 21 coincides with the center of the cylindrical blind hole 31, and since the outer diameter of the first punch 21 is larger than the inner diameter of the first center hole 11 of the first blank 10, the first punch 21 can radially extrude the first blank 10 when impacting and extending into the first center hole 11, so that the radial density of the first blank 10 is higher, and the second blank 40 with higher overall strength is formed. At this time, the second center hole 41 of the second blank 40 has an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the first punch 21.
S30: naturally cooling the second blank 40 to room temperature, and transferring the second blank to a second die 70 with a stepped blind hole 60 on a second stamping machine 50;
specifically, the stepped blind hole 60 includes a first stepped hole 61 extending along a surface 71 away from the second mold 70 and a second stepped hole 62 extending from the first stepped hole 61 along the surface 71 away from the second mold 70. Because the blank is subjected to one-time extrusion forming, the overall strength of the second blank 40 is higher, and the smoothness of the second central hole 41 of the second blank 40 is higher than that of the first blank 10, if the second blank is subjected to extrusion forming after being heated, although the plasticity of the blank can be improved, and the workpiece is prevented from being broken in the extrusion process, the practical final result is that the workpiece overall can present bending and distortion to a certain degree, which may be the result of extrusion after being heated under a specific radial density, in order to avoid this situation, in this embodiment, the second blank 40 is naturally cooled to room temperature, the blind hole of the die is changed into a stepped hole, and the inner diameter of the upper half part of the stepped hole is larger than the outer diameter of the second blank 40, a certain accommodating space is reserved, so that the metal of the second blank 40 after the second extrusion can extend to the accommodating space, and the workpiece is prevented from being excessively deformed, and (4) bending and deforming.
Specifically, the outer periphery of the second blank 40 is closely attached to the second stepped hole 62, and the outer diameter of the second blank 40 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first stepped hole 61.
The height of the second blank 40 is smaller than the depth of the stepped blind hole 60, so that the stepped blind hole 60 of the second mold 70 can effectively restrain the radial deformation of the second blank 40.
S40: the second punch 51 of the second punching machine 50 extends into the second center hole 41 of the second blank 40 to press the second blank 40 into a workpiece.
Specifically, the outer diameter of the second punch 51 is larger than the inner diameter of the second blank 40,
specifically, in the present embodiment, the central through hole needs to be processed into a stepped through hole, the prior art means is to bore the hole by using a boring tool, and the stepped hole is processed by using a secondary extrusion molding manner in the present embodiment. The center position of the first punch hammer 21 coincides with the center position of the stepped blind hole 60. The stroke H of the second punch 51 projecting downward from the surface 71 of the second die 70 coincides with the depth H of the first stepped hole 61. In actual machining, the stroke H of the second punch 51 may be adjusted according to the specific design of the shaft center.
The invention has the advantages that the strength of the annular blank is enhanced through two times of extrusion, the blank is heated to a specific temperature before the first time of extrusion, the plasticity of the blank is improved, the defects of micro air holes and the like in the whole blank are effectively eliminated through the extrusion, the blank is naturally cooled to the indoor temperature before the second time of extrusion, the excessive deformation of the blank is reduced, the bending deformation is avoided, and the finally formed workpiece keeps higher precision and smoothness. Simultaneously, compare the mode of bore hole among the prior art and promoted efficiency greatly, the cost is reduced.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for machining a bicycle axle center is characterized by comprising the following steps:
heating an annular first blank with a first central hole to a first temperature, and then putting the first blank into a first die with a cylindrical blind hole on a first stamping machine tool;
a first punching hammer of the first punching machine extends into a first central hole of the first blank to extrude the first blank along the radial direction so as to form a second blank;
naturally cooling the second blank to room temperature, and transferring the second blank to a second grinding tool with a stepped blind hole on a second punching machine tool;
and a second punch hammer of the second punching machine tool extends into a second central hole of the second blank to extrude the second blank along the radial direction to form a workpiece.
2. The method for machining a bicycle axle center of claim 1, wherein: the first temperature is in the range of 70 ℃ to 220 ℃.
3. The method for machining a bicycle axle center of claim 1, wherein: the first temperature range is 110 ℃ to 180 ℃.
4. The method for machining a bicycle axle center of claim 1, wherein: the first temperature was 145 ℃.
5. The method for machining a bicycle axle center of claim 1, wherein: the first punch hammer is cylindrical, the outer diameter of the first punch hammer is larger than the inner diameter of a first center hole of the first blank, and the inner diameter of a second center hole of the second blank is equal to the outer diameter of the first punch hammer.
6. The method for machining a bicycle axle center of claim 1, wherein: the stepped blind hole comprises a first stepped hole extending along the surface far away from the second die and a second stepped hole extending from the first stepped hole along the surface far away from the second die.
7. The method for machining a bicycle axle center of claim 3, wherein: the outer periphery of the second blank is tightly attached to the second stepped hole, and the outer diameter of the second blank is smaller than the inner diameter of the first stepped hole.
8. The method for machining a bicycle axle center of claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the second punch hammer is larger than the inner diameter of the second blank, and the downward extending stroke of the second punch hammer from the surface of the second die is consistent with the depth of the first stepped hole.
9. The method for machining a bicycle axle center of claim 1, wherein: the height of the first blank is smaller than the depth of the blind hole, and the height of the second blank is smaller than the depth of the stepped blind hole.
10. The method for machining a bicycle axle center of claim 1, wherein: the circle center position of the first punch hammer is coincident with the center position of the cylindrical blind hole, and the circle center position of the first punch hammer is coincident with the center position of the stepped blind hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111179322.3A CN113926870B (en) | 2021-10-09 | 2021-10-09 | Bicycle axle center processing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111179322.3A CN113926870B (en) | 2021-10-09 | 2021-10-09 | Bicycle axle center processing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113926870A true CN113926870A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
| CN113926870B CN113926870B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB627697A (en) * | 1944-09-15 | 1949-08-15 | Cie Generale Du Duralumin & Du | Process for manufacturing hollow bodies, in particular projectile cases |
| CN1030036A (en) * | 1987-06-25 | 1989-01-04 | 卢成尧 | Change the hot-working method of inner and outer diameters of seamless seamless steel pipe |
| CN1886210A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2006-12-27 | 威齐格及弗兰克有限责任公司 | Method for producing a coupling on a pipe and device for producing said coupling |
| CN203448556U (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2014-02-26 | 天津市武清区精诚金属制品有限公司 | Pipe end portion upsetting device |
| CN205042902U (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2016-02-24 | 江苏创一精锻有限公司 | Energy storage ware jar body forging forming mould |
| US20200324328A1 (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-15 | Jin Yuncheng Enterprise Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing cold-forged, extruded aluminum alloy tube |
-
2021
- 2021-10-09 CN CN202111179322.3A patent/CN113926870B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB627697A (en) * | 1944-09-15 | 1949-08-15 | Cie Generale Du Duralumin & Du | Process for manufacturing hollow bodies, in particular projectile cases |
| CN1030036A (en) * | 1987-06-25 | 1989-01-04 | 卢成尧 | Change the hot-working method of inner and outer diameters of seamless seamless steel pipe |
| CN1886210A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2006-12-27 | 威齐格及弗兰克有限责任公司 | Method for producing a coupling on a pipe and device for producing said coupling |
| CN203448556U (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2014-02-26 | 天津市武清区精诚金属制品有限公司 | Pipe end portion upsetting device |
| CN205042902U (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2016-02-24 | 江苏创一精锻有限公司 | Energy storage ware jar body forging forming mould |
| US20200324328A1 (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-15 | Jin Yuncheng Enterprise Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing cold-forged, extruded aluminum alloy tube |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN113926870B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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Effective date of registration: 20240519 Address after: 518000 workshop 201 and 301, No. 1, Jifeng Industrial Park, No. 10, Zhenxing Road, Loucun community, Xinhu street, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Patentee after: Shenzhen Jiankun sports equipment Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 523000 Environmental Protection Middle Road, Yisha Village, Shatian Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Dongguan Kunyuan metal products Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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