CN113926041A - Quick response type automatic breathing controller - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/105—Filters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
- A61M16/16—Devices to humidify the respiration air
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/0027—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure pressure meter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
- A61M2205/3337—Controlling, regulating pressure or flow by means of a valve by-passing a pump
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quick response type automatic breathing controller, belonging to artificial assisted breathing support equipment in the field of non-medical special use. Comprises a dust removal filter, an activated carbon filter, a flow-adjustable air pump, a pressure-stabilizing air tank, an adjustable pressure-reducing valve, an electromagnetic valve, a gas mass flowmeter, a program control power supply, a humidifier and a positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask. The dust removal filter, the activated carbon filter, the flow-adjustable air pump, the pressure-stabilizing air tank, the adjustable pressure-reducing valve, the electromagnetic valve, the gas mass flowmeter, the humidifier and the positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask are sequentially arranged, and the program control power supply is used for controlling the on-off of the electromagnetic valve. The invention has strong parameter adjusting capability, good gas flow rate/pressure stability, sensitive response, small time lag and strong gas purifying capability, and the gas is intermittently switched on and off by adopting a program control power supply to control the on-off of the electromagnetic valve. The invention is simple, portable and strong in universality, and has very wide market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical care, relates to quantitative, constant-pressure, constant-frequency and quick-response delay-free respirator control technology and equipment, and particularly relates to a quick-response automatic breathing controller.
Background
With the continuous improvement of medical technology, the functions of respirator products are not limited to emergency treatment or rescue, and meanwhile, the respirator products bear the functions of relevant treatment, and the quality requirements of the products are gradually improved, so that the requirements of the respirator products in China show a continuous rising trend. Domestic respirators appear late in China, and are mostly used for patients who cannot breathe normally, lung function failure and airway obstruction. The common conditions of using a household respirator and a patient with sleep apnea syndrome including snoring and apnea are usually matched with an oxygen generator when the respiratory problems of serious pulmonary heart disease and emphysema, slow obstructive lung or type II respiratory failure and high carbon dioxide are serious. Data show that at present, the number of snoring patients reaches 2 hundred million in China, and the number of patients needing treatment by a household respirator is close to 1 hundred million, but the number of patients diagnosed is low, and the patients receiving the household respirator after diagnosis is limited.
According to market supply and demand conditions of the household respirators, according to reports of advanced analysis and investment analysis prediction reports of national ventilator industry status quo in 2019-2024 published by a smart nuclear network, the market supply of the household respirators in 2014 is 12.9 thousands of respirators, the concordant increase is 22.85 percent, the market demand is 14.4 thousands of respirators, the concordant increase is 22.03 percent, the market supply of the household respirators in 2018 exceeds 25 thousands of respirators, the concordant increase is over 15 percent, the market demand exceeds 27 thousands of respirators, and the concordant increase is over 15 percent.
It follows that the use of a domestic respirator has become widely appreciated among people with respiratory dysfunction or apnea and among their families. In recent years, various types of household respirators have been developed, for example, a Chinese granted patent of invention "method for stabilizing the voltage of a ventilator blower" (ZL201711350792.5), in which a blower equal-rotation-speed line cluster is established and optimized, then a control algorithm is combined to obtain a final target rotation speed Rd to be adjusted by the ventilator blower, and finally, the rotation speed is converted into current through a rotation speed-current formula to realize the voltage stabilization control of the ventilator blower.
However, the prior respirator has the following problems: (1) the adjustable parameters can reduce the energy difference: the gas flow and the pressure output by the existing household respirator are basically in the states set by manufacturers, the parameters are immobilized and the homogeneity is serious, but due to different body conditions of users, the requirements for the gas flow and the pressure output by the respirator are greatly different, and the problems of poor using effect, poor tolerance degree and the like are widely existed on the whole. (2) Poor gas flow and pressure stability: the vast majority of current domestic respirator products all adopt the direct air feed mode of gas pump, and under the service condition that has the intermittent type air feed demand, the air feed is stopped and is stopped the lag obviously, and flow and pressure fluctuation are very big, and especially when needing higher frequency intermittent type air feed, current equipment actual air feed flow and pressure level are obvious apart from instrument setting parameter deviation, lead to user experience to feel and the effect variation. (3) Poor gas purification capacity: because air pollution exists widely, more accessible lung particles exist in the air, and a large amount of bacteria and viruses can be attached to the surfaces of the accessible lung particles and enter the respiratory system of a human body. The majority of people who need to use the household respirator have light or heavy chronic diseases, are poor in physical quality and are easily damaged by inhaled pollutants and bacteria and viruses, and further cause more serious respiratory diseases. (4) The function simplification is serious: a large proportion of people who need to use the household respirator simultaneously use the requirements of other medical care means, if the respiratory care is carried out, the atomization treatment is possibly needed, patients with respiratory failure can need pure oxygen inhalation, and the existing products do not have the functions linked with other medical care technologies.
Therefore, a novel automatic breathing controller with a quick response function needs to be developed, the technical level of the household respirator is improved, the user experience is improved, the life quality of the crowd suffering from respiratory disorders is comprehensively improved on the whole, and the automatic breathing controller has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional automatic breathing controller which is based on fluid mechanics, optimization of physicochemical theory, high precision, large-range gas flow, pressure regulation, quick response of equipment start and stop and safe purification aiming at the defects of the prior art and equipment.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention provides a quick response type automatic breathing controller which comprises a dust removal filter, an activated carbon filter, an adjustable flow air pump, a pressure-stabilizing air tank, an adjustable pressure-reducing valve, an electromagnetic valve, a gas mass flow meter, a program control power supply, a humidifier and a positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask.
The dust removal filter, the activated carbon filter, the flow-adjustable air pump, the pressure-stabilizing air tank, the adjustable pressure-reducing valve, the electromagnetic valve, the gas mass flowmeter, the humidifier and the positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask are sequentially arranged, and the program control power supply is used for controlling the on-off of the electromagnetic valve.
After passing through the dust removal filter and the activated carbon filter, the air is pressurized by an air pump with adjustable flow. The flow-adjustable air pump pressurizes and conveys air to the pressure-stabilizing air tank according to the requirements of working parameters of the breathing controller. The pressure stabilizing air tank keeps the air flow stable and controls the flow-adjustable air pump to start and stop according to the use condition. The adjustable pressure reducing valve regulates the gas output by the pressure stabilizing gas tank to different pressures according to the working requirements of the automatic breathing controller, and the on-off of the gas is controlled according to a certain frequency and period by an electromagnetic valve with a program control power supply. After the pressure and the flow of the gas are further precisely controlled and adjusted in the gas mass flow meter, the gas enters the humidifier and is mixed with moisture according to a preset proportion, and then the gas is conveyed to a user in a quantitative, constant-pressure and constant-frequency mode through the positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask.
Furthermore, the dust removal filter is rectangular or cylindrical in shape, 1-3 filter units connected in series are arranged in the dust removal filter, each filter unit comprises two parts, namely melt-blown cloth and a fixing frame, the melt-blown cloth is folded into a wave shape, the distance between wave crests is 2-10 mm, the amplitude is 1-20 cm, the outer part of the dust removal filter is fixed by the fixing frame, and the filter units are directly replaced after being used for a certain time. Preferably, the fixing frame is rectangular.
Further, the activated carbon filter is rectangular or cylindrical in shape, granular activated carbon is filled in the activated carbon filter, the granular activated carbon is columnar carbon or amorphous carbon, and the specific surface area of the granular activated carbon is larger than that of the activated carbon filterThe volume is 800-2And g, integrally replacing the activated carbon after the activated carbon is saturated.
Furthermore, the air pump with adjustable flow rate comprises a variable frequency controller, and the rotating speed of the air pump can be adjusted according to needs. The air pump adopts the turbine pump of silence, flow pressure output stability, and the turbine adopts medical grade stainless steel (SUS304) or polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the turbine blade adopts the design of little inclination, and the inclination size is between 10-30 for realize the accurate control of gas flow pressure. The shaft sealing component of the turbine pump adopts a medical silica gel ring, and the shell adopts medical stainless steel (SUS304) or polytetrafluoroethylene material. The adjustable range of the gas flow is 5000-.
Further, the steady voltage gas pitcher contains two-layer structure inside and outside, and the skin adopts rigid plastics or stainless steel material, and the inlayer adopts telescopic elasticity pellosil, and the biggest inflation volume of inlayer is no longer than outer volume, and elasticity pellosil is used for keeping gas pressure stable.
Furthermore, the adjustable pressure reducing valve internally comprises a wedge-shaped piston, a spring and a pressure adjusting assembly, the pressure adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the contact area ratio of two ends of the wedge-shaped piston to realize the constant-proportion pressure reduction of the gas pressure, and the pressure reducing proportion range is 10:1-40: 1. Furthermore, the electromagnetic valve is a quick on-off valve, the power supply is controlled through a program, quick on-off switching is realized according to a set value, and the on-off switching period is as follows: opening time is 1-5s, closing time is 1-5s, cycle is carried out, and time adjustment precision is 0.1-0.5 s.
Further, the gas mass flow meter comprises a gas quantitative delivery device capable of rotating around a central axis inside, the gas flow rate can be accurately controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the device, and the adjustable range of the gas flow rate is 5000-.
Furthermore, the inside of the humidifier is of a jet flow atomization structure, pure water is filled in the humidifier, the gas is broken into a large number of small bubbles in the humidifier, the proportion relation between the input air and the moisture is further controlled according to the amount of the pure water in the humidifier, and the adjustable range of the gas-moisture ratio is 90:10-50: 50.
Further, positive pressure formula check valve respirator internal pressure compares that atmospheric pressure is slightly higher on every side, is equipped with the check valve on the respirator, and gaseous accessible check valve is from respirator inside diffusion to the outside, and it is inside to guarantee that outside unpurified gas infiltration respirator does not appear.
Further, the automatic breathing controller can provide the air supply quantity of 5000-2And O, the gas on-off switching period is the gas supply requirement of 2-10 s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the following beneficial effects:
(1) flexible function and wide application range: the automatic breathing controller of the invention has flexible and changeable output gas flow, pressure and on-off gas control parameters, can be adjusted at will according to the requirements of users, can be matched with the automatic breathing controller in a targeted manner according to the conditions of the users, and has good use effect and easy tolerance.
(2) The gas parameter control stability is good: the technical equipment of the invention can ensure the stability of the flow and pressure of the output gas, thereby realizing better health care and treatment effects no matter continuous gas supply or intermittent gas supply according to a certain frequency, or even fast switching on and off gas at a higher frequency.
(3) The gas purification capacity is strong: particulate matters, organic pollution gas and pathogenic microorganisms which are widely polluted in the air can be efficiently removed by all components in the automatic breathing controller, so that the possibility that toxic and harmful substances enter a respiratory system of a user is prevented from the source, and the risk of respiratory system infection is avoided.
(4) Function diversification: the automatic breathing controller provided by the invention can utilize high-oxygen gas and pure oxygen besides air as a gas source, and the equipment has the functions of atomization treatment and the like, so that more complex use requirements can be met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of a quick response automatic breathing controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating the variation of gas flow and pressure in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the variation of gas flow and pressure in another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the crowd with respiratory dysfunction, because the lung ventilation function of the patient is insufficient, the body is lack of oxygen, the blood oxygen saturation index is low, the functions of all main organs of the body are further damaged, and the life quality of the patient is seriously reduced due to a series of uncomfortable reactions caused by the body lack of oxygen. The existing household breathing auxiliary instrument mainly comprises a household respirator or an oxygen inhalation machine, can relieve the symptoms of people with respiratory dysfunction to a certain extent, but has the defects of poor stability, long gas conveying delay, insufficient moisture and fungal infection risk in the gas supply quantity and the gas supply pressure in the prior art. In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a quick response type automatic breathing controller, and belongs to artificial assisted breathing support equipment in the non-medical special field.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a fast response type automatic breathing controller, which belongs to artificial auxiliary breathing support equipment in the non-medical special field, and comprises a dust removal filter 1, an activated carbon filter 2, an adjustable flow air pump 3, a pressure-stabilizing air tank 4, an adjustable pressure-reducing valve 5, an electromagnetic valve 7, a gas mass flow meter 8, a program control power supply 6, a humidifier 9 and a positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask 10. The dust removal filter 1, the activated carbon filter 2, the flow-adjustable air pump 3, the pressure-stabilizing air tank 4, the adjustable pressure reducing valve 5, the electromagnetic valve 7, the gas mass flowmeter 8, the humidifier 9 and the positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask 10 are sequentially arranged, and the program control power supply 6 is used for controlling the on-off of the electromagnetic valve 7.
The automatic breathing controller inlet air may use air, high oxygen air or pure oxygen as desired by the user. The gas firstly enters the dust removal filter 1, in some embodiments of the invention, the dust removal filter 1 is rectangular or cylindrical, the housing is made of rigid plastic or medical stainless steel (SUS304), the gas inlet contains certain water vapor, particularly when used in southern areas, the water vapor content is higher or even saturated, after the gas enters the dust removal filter 1, the inner wall of the filter housing is wet, the corrosion risk is increased, particles, bacteria, viruses and the like in the gas are easily adhered to the wet inner wall of the housing, and a large amount of microorganisms are bred after the gas is used for a long time. Therefore, the shell is made of a material which is smooth, corrosion-resistant and not easy to be adhered by microorganisms, and secondary pollution can not be formed in the dust removal filter. The core component of the dust removal filter 1 is a filter unit, the filter unit is rectangular in shape and is fixedly arranged on a clamping position on the inner wall of a shell of the dust removal filter in a direction perpendicular to the gas flow direction, and the filter unit can adopt a single-stage type or three-stage serial connection type without exceeding three according to different use environments. In one embodiment of the invention, the filter unit comprises two parts, namely melt-blown cloth and a fixing frame, wherein the melt-blown cloth is folded into a wave shape, the distance between wave crests is 2-10 mm, the amplitude is 1-20 cm, and the outer part of the filter unit is fixed by a frame. Wherein, the fixed frame is rectangular. The filter unit belongs to the consumptive material, uses the back through the certain period, because the melt-blown cloth surface has intercepted a large amount of pollutants, can lead to the filter unit efficiency of ventilating to show and reduce, and the melt-blown cloth surface probably breeds the bacterium, need change filter unit this moment promptly, resumes dust removal filter's availability factor and security.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer shell of the activated carbon filter 2 is similar to the dust removal filter, but the inner structure is different, and the activated carbon filter is filled with granular activated carbon, the granular activated carbon comprises columnar carbon or amorphous carbon, and the specific surface area is 800-2500m2The active carbon particles are pretreated to ensure the adsorption and filtration effect and safetyThe treatment comprises fully soaking and washing activated carbon particles for multiple times to remove adsorbed gas and pollutants on the surfaces, and then drying at a high temperature of more than 120 ℃ to obtain purified activated carbon particles which are added into an activated carbon filter. The active carbon material is used as a consumable material and is mainly used for adsorbing and removing organic gas, fine particles and microorganisms which cannot be removed by the dust removal filter. The activated carbon is wholly replaced after being adsorbed and saturated.
After air passes through the dust removal filter 1 and the activated carbon filter 2, the air needs to be pressurized through the air pump, the air pump 3 with adjustable flow is selected, the equipment comprises a variable frequency controller, the rotating speed of the air pump motor is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of power supply current, and finally the pressure and the flow of the air output by the air pump are adjusted. In some embodiments of the present invention, since the apparatus of the present invention is a health care apparatus, and the use environment has high sensitivity to noise, a turbine air pump with good silencing effect is used. The core component in the air pump is a turbine, medical grade stainless steel (SUS304) or polytetrafluoroethylene material is adopted, the inclination angle of a turbine blade determines the output air flow of the turbine when the turbine rotates for one circle, the device has high requirement on air flow control, the adjustable range of the air flow is 5000-. In addition, the scheme of the invention can ensure that the adjusting range and the adjusting precision of the air supply quantity are relatively large. The turbine pump shaft sealing assembly is made of medical silica gel rings, and the sealing and damping effects are good. The shell is made of medical stainless steel (SUS304) or polytetrafluoroethylene, so that the use safety and durability of the adjustable air pump are guaranteed.
The air enters a pressure stabilizing air tank 4 after being pressurized by an adjustable flow air pump 3, and the arrangement of the pressure stabilizing air tank 4 is one of the biggest differences between the technical equipment and the existing equipment. Adopt the direct air feed of air pump, can be in the twinkling of an eye that the air pump starts, lead to equipment output gas's pressure and flow to produce great delay, need certain time after, gas flow and pressure can reach rated value, if user's side has the higher frequency to open when stopping the operation, can directly lead to respirator output gas flow pressure serious not enough. The technical equipment of the invention is that a variable volume pressure stabilizing air tank is added behind an air pump. The pressure stabilizing gas tank 4 comprises a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor reads the pressure value in the pressure stabilizing gas tank on line, and when the pressure is lower than a set value, the adjustable gas pump 3 at the front end is started to increase the gas pressure in the pressure stabilizing gas tank 4. When the pressure reaches the set value, the operation of the adjustable air pump 3 is stopped. When steady voltage gas pitcher 4 is gaseous to the rear end output, be located the instant that solenoid valve 7 of rear end was opened, steady voltage gas pitcher 4 is gaseous at once, because steady voltage gas pitcher 4 is inside to contain one deck elastic silica gel membrane, when steady voltage gas pitcher 4 is full of gas, elastic silica gel membrane is in the inflation state, because gaseous outflow in steady voltage gas pitcher 4, pressure has the tendency that reduces, elastic silica gel membrane can contract at once, offset because steady voltage gas pitcher 4 gives vent to anger the influence that brings gas pressure, thereby realize the stable control to gas pressure.
In order to ensure the stability of the output gas pressure and flow, a larger pressure is adopted in the pressure stabilizing gas tank 4, the pressure is in the range of 0.1-0.2MPa, the pressure is not suitable for being directly used for supplying the breath of a user, therefore, the pressure is reduced to the use pressure by adopting an adjustable pressure reducing valve 5, and in one embodiment of the invention, the gas pressure is reduced to 0.005-0.01MPa (0-100 cmH) from 0.1-0.2MPa by adopting the adjustable pressure reducing valve 52O)。
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure in the surge tank 4 may be set in advance according to safety in use and ease of operation, and the pressure set value does not need to be changed during use, so that the pressure of the released gas needs to be controlled by adjusting the pressure reduction ratio of the pressure reduction valve 5. The adjustable pressure reducing valve 5 internally comprises a wedge-shaped piston, a spring and a pressure adjusting assembly, the wedge-shaped piston is tightly propped under the action of the spring in an unopened state, the adjustable pressure reducing valve 5 is in a closed state, the position of the wedge-shaped piston is changed by adjusting the pressure adjusting assembly in the using process, so that the area ratio of a high-pressure gas end and a low-pressure gas end of the piston is changed, according to the principle that the product of unit area pressure and contact area is constant, the gas pressure ratio before and after the pressure reducing valve is in inverse proportion to the area ratio of two ends of the wedge-shaped piston, and the fixed-proportion pressure reduction of the gas pressure is realized, and the pressure reducing proportion range is 10:1-40: 1.
The automatic respirator output gas on-off control is realized through an electromagnetic valve 7, in some embodiments of the invention, the electromagnetic valve 7 is a rapid electromagnetic on-off valve, the valve is opened by 100% amplitude when the power is on, and the valve is opened by 0% amplitude when the power is off, namely the valve is completely closed. Therefore, the valve can be quickly switched on and off by controlling the on and off of the electromagnetic valve through the program control power supply. The program control power supply can set the power-on time, power-off time and cycle period of the parameters, the set program is automatically stored in the program control assembly, and the control parameters can be adjusted when the device is used, so that the gas output is switched on and off according to a certain frequency. The on-off switching cycle is as follows: opening time is 1-5s, closing time is 1-5s, cycle is carried out, and time adjustment precision is 0.1-0.5 s.
The above components have the control of the air supply flow, pressure and on-off frequency of the automatic respirator in terms of functions, but the control precision has a certain gap from the use requirement, so that the invention adds the gas mass flow meter 8 at the back end to improve the control precision. The gas mass flow meter 8 comprises a gas quantitative conveying device capable of rotating around a central axis, a certain amount of gas can be quantitatively output by rotating once, the gas flow can be accurately controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the device, and the adjustable range of the gas flow is 5000-.
The requirement of the user needing artificial assisted respiration on the inhaled gas is that besides the requirement on the components, the inhaled gas also contains a certain proportion of moisture, namely atomized water vapor, so that the irritation of the gas on the respiratory mucosa is reduced. Therefore, the constant-pressure gas output by the automatic breathing controller enters the humidifier 9 to be mixed with the moisture, and the constant-pressure gas can be used after the constant-pressure gas meets the requirement. The humidifier 9 is internally provided with a jet flow atomization structure, purified water is filled in the humidifier 9, the gas is broken into a large number of small bubbles in the humidifier 9, the proportion relation between the input air and the moisture is controlled according to the amount of the purified water in the humidifier, and the adjustable range of the gas-moisture ratio is 90:10-50: 50. In addition, the humidifier 9 can also be used as an atomizer, a user injects a certain amount of medicine into the humidifier according to the advice of the doctor, the decompression ratio of the decompression valve can be adjusted by properly improving the automatic breathing controller, the output gas pressure is increased, the injected medicine is fully atomized, and the atomization treatment of the user is realized.
The user breathes the gas that automatic formula respiratory controller carried through positive pressure check valve respirator 10 is direct, and respirator internal pressure compares that atmospheric pressure is slightly higher on every side, is equipped with the check valve on the respirator surface simultaneously, avoids the outside air not process automatic formula respiratory controller and handle and get into user's respiratory track, can ensure automatic formula respiratory controller control stability simultaneously. The gas exhaled by the user is diffused to the outside of the breathing mask through the one-way valve, so that the waste gas is ensured to be discharged in time, and the influence of the exhalation of the user on the work of the automatic breathing controller is also avoided.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the quick response type automatic breathing controller, which comprises the following steps:
the gas enters a dust removal filter 1 from the outside for filtering and dust removal, and then continues to enter an active carbon filter 2 for filtering to obtain pure gas;
the flow-adjustable air pump 3 pressurizes pure air and then conveys the pressurized air to the pressure-stabilizing air tank 4;
the pressure stabilizing gas tank 4 keeps the gas flow stable, a pressure sensor arranged on the pressure stabilizing gas tank 4 reads the pressure value in the pressure stabilizing gas tank 4, when the pressure is lower than a set value, the flow-adjustable gas pump 3 is started to increase the gas pressure in the pressure stabilizing gas tank 4, and when the pressure reaches the set value, the flow-adjustable gas pump 3 is stopped;
the adjustable pressure reducing valve 5 adjusts the gas output by the pressure stabilizing gas tank 4 to the pressure for users to use according to the working requirement of the automatic breathing controller;
the electromagnetic valve 7 is controlled by the program control power supply 6 to be switched on and off according to the preset frequency and period, the gas enters the humidifier 9 through the gas mass flow meter 8, and is mixed with moisture in the humidifier 9, and then the gas is conveyed to a user in a quantitative, constant-pressure and constant-frequency mode through the positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask 10.
The automatic breathing controller in this embodiment can provide the air supply amount of 5000-2And O, the gas on-off switching period is the gas supply requirement of 2-10 s.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a test prototype is constructed based on the automatic breathing controller provided in the foregoing embodiment, and the working parameters of the prototype are as follows: the ventilation flow is 500ml/min, the gas pressure is 2000Pa, an intermittent gas supply operation mode is adopted, the operation period is 4s, wherein the ventilation is carried out for 2s, and the gas is cut off for 2 s. The air supply pressure and flow change data of the automatic respirator prototype are collected, and the obtained air flow pressure change curve is shown in figure 2: as can be seen from the data in FIG. 2, the time required for the automatic breathing controller to start to reach the set gas flow and pressure in each cycle is about 0.1s, i.e., the lag time is about 0.1s, which is significantly less than that of the conventional device, i.e., 0.5-1 s. In the starting period of the equipment, the gas flow and the pressure stability are good, the fluctuation amplitude does not exceed 0.5 percent, and is superior to the 0.5cmH of the existing equipment2O (50 Pa). The automatic respirator stops working until the gas flow and the pressure drop are 0, and the required time is about 0.2-0.3s, which is obviously less than 0.5-1s of the prior device. Overall, the sensitivity, operating accuracy and stability of the automatic breathing controller of the present invention are significantly superior to existing products.
In another embodiment of the invention, the prototype operating parameters were changed as follows: the ventilation flow is 800ml/min, the gas pressure is 2500Pa, an intermittent gas supply operation mode is adopted, the operation period is 7s, wherein the ventilation time is 4s, and the gas is cut off for 3 s. The air supply pressure and flow change data of the automatic respirator prototype are collected, and the obtained air flow pressure change curve is shown in figure 3.
As can be seen from the gas flow and pressure variation curves shown in fig. 2 and 3, the device of the present invention can arbitrarily adjust the gas flow, the gas pressure and the gas on-off time interval within a range as required, and after a plurality of operation cycles, the delay of the ventilation instant, the pressure flow fluctuation amplitude during the ventilation process and the delay and stability of the gas pressure flow return to zero after the ventilation is stopped all maintain high stability, which indicates that the device of the present invention has advanced technical indexes and high safety.
In summary, according to the automatic breathing controller provided by the embodiment of the present invention, air firstly filters and removes all dust particles, most fungi, spores and bacteria that may be contained in the air through the precision filter, and then enters the activated carbon filter, and the organic matters contained in the air after dust removal are adsorbed and purified to obtain pure air; a pressure stabilizing mode of the air tank is adopted, a pressure monitor and a pressure relief valve are arranged in the air tank, a pressure sensor transmits pressure signals in the air tank to the air pump with adjustable flow in real time, and the air pump with adjustable flow is controlled to start and stop. The adjustable relief pressure valve of trachea exit linkage, according to the service pressure demand, adjust adjustable relief pressure valve decompression proportion. The gas flow accurately controls the gas quality and flow in real time through a high-precision gas mass flowmeter. The intermittent on-off of the gas adopts a program control power supply to control the on-off of the electromagnetic valve, the reaction is sensitive, the time lag is small, the quick response to the quick intermittent ventilation of the equipment can be realized, and finally, the humidifier quantitatively adds moisture into the gas according to the required proportion to meet the use requirements of users. The invention has the functions similar to medical instruments, is simple, portable and strong in universality.
The above non-mentioned parts of the present invention are prior art.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A fast response type automatic breathing controller is characterized in that a dust removal filter (1), an activated carbon filter (2), an air pump (3) with adjustable flow, a pressure stabilizing air tank (4), an adjustable pressure reducing valve (5), an electromagnetic valve (7), a gas mass flowmeter (8), a program control power supply (6), a humidifier (9) and a positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask (10),
the dust removal filter (1), the activated carbon filter (2), the flow-adjustable air pump (3), the pressure-stabilizing air tank (4), the pressure-adjustable pressure reducing valve (5), the electromagnetic valve (7), the gas mass flowmeter (8), the humidifier (9) and the positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask (10) are sequentially arranged, and the program control power supply (6) is used for controlling the on-off of the electromagnetic valve (7).
2. The rapid response type automatic breathing controller according to claim 1, wherein the dust removing filter (1) comprises at least one filter unit, and when two or more filter units are provided, the filter units are connected in series; every filter unit all includes melt-blown fabric and fixed frame, and fixed frame is fixed in the melt-blown fabric outside.
3. The quick response type automatic breathing controller according to claim 1, wherein the interior of the activated carbon filter (2) is filled with granular activated carbon, the granular activated carbon is columnar carbon or amorphous carbon, and the specific surface area is 800-2/g。
4. The quick response type automatic breathing controller according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-stabilizing gas tank (4) comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, the outer layer is made of rigid plastic or stainless steel, the inner layer is made of a telescopic elastic silica gel film, and the maximum expansion volume of the inner layer does not exceed the volume of the outer layer.
5. The quick response type automatic breathing controller according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable pressure reducing valve (5) internally comprises a wedge-shaped piston, a spring and a pressure adjusting component, and the pressure adjusting component is used for adjusting the contact area ratio of two ends of the wedge-shaped piston to reduce the pressure of the gas in a fixed ratio, wherein the pressure reducing ratio ranges from 10:1 to 40: 1.
6. A fast response automatic breathing controller according to claim 1, characterised by a gas mass flow meter (8) for controlling the gas flow, internal ] containing the gas dosing means.
7. A rapid response automatic breathing controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the humidifier (9) is used to adjust the air and moisture ratio, and the inside of the humidifier (9) is a jet atomization structure.
8. A rapid response automatic breathing controller according to any of claims 1-7 wherein a check valve is provided on the positive pressure check valve breathing mask (10) to allow gas to diffuse out of the pressure check valve breathing mask (10).
9. A control method of a fast response type automatic breathing controller, characterized in that the automatic breathing controller according to any one of claims 1-8 is used, the method comprising the steps of:
the gas enters a dust removal filter (1) from the outside for filtering and dust removal, and then continues to enter an active carbon filter (2) for filtering to obtain pure gas;
the flow-adjustable air pump (3) pressurizes pure air and then conveys the pressurized air to the pressure-stabilizing air tank (4);
the pressure stabilizing air tank (4) keeps the air flow stable, a pressure sensor arranged on the pressure stabilizing air tank (4) reads the pressure value in the pressure stabilizing air tank (4), when the pressure is lower than a set value, the adjustable flow air pump (3) is started to increase the air pressure in the pressure stabilizing air tank (4), and when the pressure reaches the set value, the adjustable flow air pump (3) is stopped to operate;
the adjustable pressure reducing valve (5) adjusts the gas output by the pressure stabilizing gas tank (4) to the pressure for users to use according to the working requirement of the automatic breathing controller;
the electromagnetic valve (7) is controlled to be switched on and off according to the preset frequency and period by the program control power supply (6), and the gas enters the humidifier (9) through the gas mass flow meter (8), is mixed with moisture in the humidifier (9), and then is conveyed to a user in a quantitative, constant-pressure and constant-frequency mode through the positive pressure type one-way valve breathing mask (10).
10. A rapid speed as claimed in claim 9The control method of the response type automatic breathing controller is characterized in that the automatic breathing controller is used for providing the air supply quantity of 5000-2And O, the gas on-off switching period is the gas supply requirement of 2-10 s.
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