CN113922665A - Direct-current power supply switching circuit with input voltage switched on within allowable range - Google Patents
Direct-current power supply switching circuit with input voltage switched on within allowable range Download PDFInfo
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- CN113922665A CN113922665A CN202111214709.8A CN202111214709A CN113922665A CN 113922665 A CN113922665 A CN 113922665A CN 202111214709 A CN202111214709 A CN 202111214709A CN 113922665 A CN113922665 A CN 113922665A
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- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- input
- power supply
- circuit
- comparison circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-current power supply switch circuit with input voltage switched on within an allowable range, which comprises a PMOS tube M1, a PMOS tube M2, a comparison circuit and a delay circuit, wherein the input power supply is divided by a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 and then input into the comparison circuit for identification, if the voltage input into the comparison circuit is within the allowable voltage range, the output of the comparison circuit is in a high impedance state to the ground, if the voltage input into the comparison circuit is higher than the allowable voltage, the comparison circuit outputs a low impedance state to the ground, the delay circuit is used for transmitting the input power supply to a grid electrode of the PMOS tube M2 through the resistor R4 after being delayed, and the delay time of the delay circuit is ensured to be longer than the action time of the comparison circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a power switching circuit, and more particularly, to a dc power switching circuit that is turned on only when an input voltage is within an allowable range.
Background
At present, equipment powered or charged by a direct current adapter is widely applied, and generally only an adapter with a specified rated voltage is allowed to be used, but in practical application, a user does not carefully check the equipment and usually takes one adapter for use, so that the voltage for actually using the adapter exceeds the allowable input range of the equipment, and the equipment is damaged.
For the above reasons, there is a need for improvements in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a direct current power supply switching circuit with input voltage conducted within an allowable range, wherein the direct current power supply switching circuit is only in a conducting state when the voltage of an accessed power supply is allowed to be within the allowable range, and if the voltage exceeds the range or is reversely connected, the direct current power supply switching circuit is always in a stopping state, so that the input power supply is prevented from damaging circuits in equipment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a direct current power supply switch circuit with input voltage conducted within an allowable range comprises a PMOS tube M1, a PMOS tube M2, a comparison circuit and a delay circuit, wherein the input power supply is divided by a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 and then input into the comparison circuit for identification, if the voltage input into the comparison circuit is within the allowable voltage range, the output of the comparison circuit is in a high impedance state to the ground, if the voltage input into the comparison circuit is higher than the allowable voltage, the comparison circuit outputs a low impedance state to the ground, the delay circuit is used for transmitting the input power supply to a grid electrode of the PMOS tube M2 through the resistor R4 after being delayed, the delay time of the delay circuit is required to ensure that the transmission time through the delay circuit is longer than the action time of the comparison circuit, and when the input power supply is within the allowable voltage range, the input power supply is transmitted through the delay circuit and then passes through the resistor R4, The resistor R5 is provided to the grid of M2 after voltage division, at this time, the output of the comparison circuit is high impedance to ground, so that the PMOS transistor M2 is in a conducting state, the grid voltage of the PMOS transistor M1 divides the input voltage through R3 and R6, and the M1 is in a conducting state, namely, the input power supply can enter the electric equipment. When the input power supply is higher than the allowable voltage, the output of the comparison circuit is low impedance to the ground, the PMOS transistor M2 is in a cut-off state, the grid voltage of the PMOS transistor M1 is consistent with the voltage of the source electrode, and the PMOS transistor M1 keeps the cut-off state, namely the input power supply is disconnected from the equipment. After the circuit is added, the input power supply can enter the equipment only when the voltage of the input power supply is in an allowable range, so that the circuit in the equipment is prevented from being damaged.
In the above technical solution, it is preferable that the power supply further includes a diode D1, the diode D1 is connected in series between the input power supply and the PMOS transistor M1, and the diode D1 is configured to prevent a reverse current from entering the PMOS transistor M1.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the voltage regulator further includes a zener diode D2, the zener diode D2 is connected in parallel to the resistor R2, and the zener diode D2 is configured to limit the divided voltage within an allowable input range of the comparison circuit.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the voltage regulator diode D3 is further included, the voltage regulator diode D3 is connected in parallel to the resistor R5, and the voltage regulator diode D3 is used for limiting the voltage to ground of the gate of the PMOS transistor M2 and protecting the gate-source of the PMOS transistor M2 from breakdown.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the voltage regulator diode D4 is further included, the voltage regulator diode D4 is connected in parallel to the resistor R3, and the voltage regulator diode D4 is used for limiting the voltage to ground of the gate of the PMOS transistor M1 and protecting the gate-source of the PMOS transistor M1 from breakdown.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the input power supply is in the allowed voltage range, the input power supply is subjected to voltage division through the delay circuit, the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 and then is provided to the grid electrode of the M2, at the moment, the output of the comparison circuit is high impedance to the ground, so that the PMOS transistor M2 is in a conducting state, the grid electrode voltage of the PMOS transistor M1 is subjected to voltage division through the R3 and the R6, the PMOS transistor M1 is in a conducting state, and the input power supply can enter electric equipment. When the input power supply exceeds the allowable voltage range, the output of the comparison circuit is low impedance to the ground, the PMOS transistor M2 is in a cut-off state, the grid voltage of the PMOS transistor M1 is consistent with the voltage of the source electrode, and the PMOS transistor M1 keeps the cut-off state, namely the input power supply is disconnected from the equipment. After the circuit is added, the input power supply can enter the equipment only when the voltage of the input power supply is in an allowable range, and the circuit in the equipment is prevented from being damaged by high voltage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit schematic of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
referring to fig. 1, a dc power switch circuit, in which an input voltage is turned on only within an allowable range, includes a PMOS transistor M1, a PMOS transistor M2, a comparator circuit, and a delay circuit.
One path of an input power supply passes through a diode D1 and then is connected with a PMOS tube M1, the diode D1 is used for preventing reverse current from entering the PMOS tube M1, and the PMOS tube M1 is used for conducting and stopping the current passing through the power supply.
The other path of the input power is divided by a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 and then input to the comparison circuit for identification, the voltage stabilizing diode D2 is connected in parallel to the resistor R2, and the voltage stabilizing diode D2 is used for limiting the divided voltage within the allowable input range of the comparison circuit. If the voltage input to the comparison circuit is within the allowable voltage range, the comparison circuit output is in a high impedance state to the ground, and if the voltage input to the comparison circuit is higher than the allowable voltage, the comparison circuit output is in a low impedance state to the ground.
The delay circuit is used for transmitting the input power supply to the grid electrode of the PMOS tube M2 through a resistor R4 after being delayed, and the delay time of the delay circuit is ensured to be longer than the action time of the comparison circuit.
When an input power supply is in an allowable voltage range, the input power supply is subjected to voltage division through a delay circuit and then is provided to a grid electrode of M2 through a resistor R4 and a resistor R5, a voltage-stabilizing diode D3 is connected to the resistor R5 in parallel, the voltage-stabilizing diode D3 is used for limiting the voltage of the grid electrode of the PMOS tube M2 to the ground, the grid electrode source electrode of the PMOS tube M2 is protected from breakdown, at the moment, the comparison circuit outputs high impedance to the ground, the PMOS tube M2 is in a conducting state, the grid electrode voltage of the PMOS tube M1 is divided by the voltage of the grid electrode of the PMOS tube M3 and the voltage of the grid electrode of the PMOS tube R6, the voltage-stabilizing diode D4 is connected to the resistor R3 in parallel, and the voltage-stabilizing diode D4 is used for limiting the voltage of the grid electrode of the PMOS tube M1 to the ground, and protecting the grid electrode source electrode of the PMOS tube M1 from breakdown. M1 is made conductive, i.e. input power can be passed to the consumer. When the input power supply is higher than the allowable voltage, the output of the comparison circuit is low impedance to the ground, the PMOS transistor M2 is in a cut-off state, the grid voltage of the PMOS transistor M1 is consistent with the voltage of the source electrode, and the PMOS transistor M1 keeps the cut-off state, namely the input power supply is disconnected from the equipment. After the circuit is added, the input power supply can enter the equipment only when the voltage of the input power supply is in an allowable range, and the circuit in the equipment is prevented from being damaged by high voltage.
The comparison circuit in this embodiment may be implemented by using a gate-source conduction voltage of a field effect transistor, or may be implemented by using other transistors and other circuits.
The delay circuit in this embodiment can be implemented by an RC circuit, or by an optical coupler, a relay circuit, or other switches that require a certain operation time.
Claims (5)
1. A DC power switch circuit in which an input voltage is turned on within an allowable range, comprising: the voltage-dividing circuit comprises a PMOS tube M1, a PMOS tube M2, a comparison circuit and a delay circuit, wherein an input power supply is divided by a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 and then input into the comparison circuit for identification, if the voltage input into the comparison circuit is within an allowable voltage range, the output of the comparison circuit is in a high impedance state to the ground, if the voltage input into the comparison circuit is higher than the allowable voltage, the comparison circuit outputs a low impedance state to the ground, the delay circuit is used for transmitting the input power supply to a grid electrode of the PMOS tube M2 through the resistor R4 after being delayed, and the delay time of the delay circuit ensures that the transmission time through the delay circuit is longer than the action time of the comparison circuit;
when the input power supply is in the allowable voltage range, the input power supply is subjected to voltage division through a delay circuit, a resistor R4 and a resistor R5 and then is provided to the grid electrode of M2, at the moment, the output of the comparison circuit is high impedance to the ground, so that the PMOS transistor M2 is in a conducting state, the grid electrode voltage of the PMOS transistor M1 is subjected to voltage division through R3 and R6, and the PMOS transistor M1 is in a conducting state;
when the input power supply is higher than the allowable voltage, the output of the comparison circuit is low impedance to the ground, the PMOS transistor M2 is in a cut-off state, the grid voltage of the PMOS transistor M1 is consistent with the voltage of the source electrode, and the PMOS transistor M1 keeps the cut-off state.
2. A dc power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the input voltage is turned on within an allowable range, and the dc power switching circuit further comprises: the power supply also comprises a diode D1, the diode D1 is connected between the input power supply and the PMOS tube M1 in series, and the diode D1 is used for preventing reverse current from entering the PMOS tube M1.
3. A dc power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the input voltage is turned on within an allowable range, and the dc power switching circuit further comprises: the voltage-stabilizing diode D2 is further included, the voltage-stabilizing diode D2 is connected in parallel to the resistor R2, and the voltage-stabilizing diode D2 is used for limiting the divided voltage within the allowable input range of the comparison circuit.
4. A dc power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the input voltage is turned on within an allowable range, and the dc power switching circuit further comprises: the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is further included, the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is connected in parallel to the resistor R5, and the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is used for limiting the voltage of the grid electrode of the PMOS transistor M2 to the ground voltage and protecting the grid electrode and the source electrode of the PMOS transistor M2 from being broken down.
5. A dc power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the input voltage is turned on within an allowable range, and the dc power switching circuit further comprises: the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is further included, the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is connected in parallel to the resistor R3, and the voltage stabilizing diode D4 is used for limiting the voltage of the grid electrode of the PMOS transistor M1 to the ground voltage and protecting the grid electrode and the source electrode of the PMOS transistor M1 from being broken down.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111214709.8A CN113922665A (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Direct-current power supply switching circuit with input voltage switched on within allowable range |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111214709.8A CN113922665A (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Direct-current power supply switching circuit with input voltage switched on within allowable range |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113922665A true CN113922665A (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111214709.8A Pending CN113922665A (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Direct-current power supply switching circuit with input voltage switched on within allowable range |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113922665A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080252281A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-10-16 | Innocom Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. | Switching power supply circuit having soft start circuit |
| CN206313431U (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-07-07 | 上海剑桥科技股份有限公司 | Electronic equipment and its overvoltage crowbar |
| CN213341620U (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-06-01 | 深圳市东微智能科技股份有限公司 | Overvoltage protection circuit and audio and video equipment |
| CN214013851U (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-08-20 | Tcl通力电子（惠州）有限公司 | Integrated protection circuit and electronic equipment |
-
2021
- 2021-10-19 CN CN202111214709.8A patent/CN113922665A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080252281A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-10-16 | Innocom Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. | Switching power supply circuit having soft start circuit |
| CN206313431U (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-07-07 | 上海剑桥科技股份有限公司 | Electronic equipment and its overvoltage crowbar |
| CN213341620U (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-06-01 | 深圳市东微智能科技股份有限公司 | Overvoltage protection circuit and audio and video equipment |
| CN214013851U (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-08-20 | Tcl通力电子（惠州）有限公司 | Integrated protection circuit and electronic equipment |
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