CN113916647B - Rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device and test method thereof - Google Patents
Rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113916647B CN113916647B CN202111165382.XA CN202111165382A CN113916647B CN 113916647 B CN113916647 B CN 113916647B CN 202111165382 A CN202111165382 A CN 202111165382A CN 113916647 B CN113916647 B CN 113916647B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device and a test method thereof, belonging to the technical field of rock mechanics, wherein the device comprises a pressure chamber, an integrated flexible tubular body, and a first pressure head and a second pressure head which are arranged at two ends of the flexible tubular body; the flexible tubular body is placed in the pressure chamber, is equipped with the normal displacement sensor that detects perpendicular to flexible tubular body axis direction in the pressure chamber, and flexible tubular body is inside to be used for placing rock crack sample, and the pressure head at flexible tubular body both ends can be at its axis direction relative motion extrusion rock crack sample to in the inside shear force that produces, be equipped with the inlet channel in the first pressure head, be equipped with the outlet channel in the second pressure head. The device can ensure the constancy of the shearing direction of the rock sample under the shearing coupling effect, has good seepage sealing effect, and can realize displacement detection of the normal direction of the rock sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mechanics, and particularly relates to a rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device and a test method thereof.
Background
Along with the increasing number of deep rock mass projects in China, the problems of project geology are more and more complicated, including the problems of movable faults, high ground stress, high groundwater and the like, the rock mass is composed of rock masses and cracks, the cracks are main channels for water conduction, the shear slip instability of the rock mass under the action of hydraulic coupling generally causes serious geological disasters, therefore, the deep research of the shear-seepage coupling characteristics of the rock mass and the instability rule caused by the shear slip instability characteristics has a crucial effect on guaranteeing the safety and stability of the underground rock mass projects, and the shear seepage coupling test of the rock cracks is the most direct and effective means for researching the hydraulic characteristics of the rock cracks.
At present, the device and the method related to shear seepage coupling mainly have the following defects: a direct shear box is adopted for shear seepage test, but the upper and lower shear box bodies of the direct shear box are difficult to ensure the constancy of the shearing direction in the shearing sliding process, so that the seepage test is difficult to seal, and the conventional triaxial pressure chamber structure is adopted for shear seepage test, so that the displacement detection of the axial direction of a rock sample can only be realized, and the displacement detection of the normal direction perpendicular to the axis of the rock sample can not be realized due to the limitation of the pressure chamber structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device and a test method thereof, and the device can ensure the constancy of the shear direction of a rock sample under the action of shear seepage coupling, has good sealing capability, and can realize displacement detection of the normal direction of the rock sample.
The embodiment of the invention provides a rock fracture shear seepage test device, which comprises a pressure chamber, an integrated flexible tubular body, and a first pressure head and a second pressure head which are arranged at two ends of the flexible tubular body;
the flexible tubular body is placed in the pressure chamber, is equipped with the normal displacement sensor that detects perpendicular to flexible tubular body axis direction in the pressure chamber, and flexible tubular body is inside to be used for placing rock crack sample, and the pressure head at flexible tubular body both ends can be at its axis direction relative motion extrusion rock crack sample to in the inside shear force that produces, be equipped with the inlet channel in the first pressure head, be equipped with the outlet channel in the second pressure head.
Further, two ends of the flexible tubular body are connected with the pressure chamber in a sealing way, an annular sealing cavity is formed between the outer wall surface of the flexible tubular body and the pressure chamber, an oil inlet and an oil outlet are arranged on the pressure chamber, and the oil inlet and the oil outlet are communicated with the annular sealing cavity.
Further, the normal displacement sensor comprises an upper normal displacement meter and a lower normal displacement meter, wherein the upper normal displacement meter and the lower normal displacement meter are arranged in the annular sealing cavity.
Further, sealing rings are arranged between the two ends of the flexible tubular body and the pressure chamber, a compression ring is arranged outside the flexible tubular body and fixed on the pressure chamber through a pin shaft, and a locking nut is arranged outside the compression ring and connected with the pressure chamber through threads.
Further, a first annular seepage groove is formed in the end portion, in contact with the rock fracture sample, of the first pressure head, the first annular seepage groove is communicated with the water inlet channel, a second annular seepage groove is formed in the end portion, in contact with the rock fracture sample, of the second pressure head, and the second annular seepage groove is communicated with the water outlet channel.
Further, the ends of the first pressure head and the second pressure head, which are in contact with the rock fracture sample, are uniformly divided into a first semi-cylindrical rigid protrusion and a second semi-cylindrical rigid protrusion, the first semi-cylindrical rigid protrusion and the pressure head body are integrally arranged, the second semi-cylindrical rigid protrusion can move along the axial direction of the pressure head, and the first semi-cylindrical rigid protrusion and the second semi-cylindrical rigid protrusion are symmetrical with respect to the center of the sample to be tested.
Further, a polytetrafluoroethylene semi-cylinder is arranged between the second semi-cylinder rigid bulge and the pressure head body.
Further, a water inlet communicated with the water inlet channel is formed in the first pressure head, a water outlet communicated with the water outlet channel is formed in the second pressure head, the water inlet is connected with a water inlet pipeline, the water outlet is connected with a water outlet pipeline, and the water inlet pipeline and the water outlet pipeline are connected with a flowmeter and a liquid pressure gauge.
Further, the first pressure head is provided with a pressure sensor and can move along the axis direction of the flexible tubular body, and the second pressure head is fixed.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a test method based on the rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device, which comprises the following steps:
placing a rock fracture sample to be tested in the flexible tubular body, so that two ends of the rock fracture sample are respectively contacted with the second pressure head and the first pressure head;
and controlling the first pressure head and the second pressure head to do relative motion to extrude the rock fracture sample, so that shearing force is generated inside the rock fracture sample to be detected, simultaneously, water is injected into a water inlet channel in the first pressure head, water flows out from a water outlet channel in the second pressure head through the rock fracture sample to be detected, the rock sample shearing seepage coupling test is realized, and meanwhile, the change of a normal displacement sensor is observed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the shear seepage coupling test device provided by the invention, the rock sample to be tested is placed in the flexible tubular body, axial force is applied to the rock sample through the pressure heads at the two ends of the flexible tubular body, so that shear force is generated in the rock sample to be tested, meanwhile, water is injected into the rock sample through the pressure heads at the two ends to finish the shear seepage coupling test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the inside of a triaxial pressure chamber in a coupling test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a confining pressure loading system connected with a triaxial pressure chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a seepage control system connected with a triaxial pressure chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a first indenter in a coupling test apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an axial loading system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 10. the device comprises a triaxial pressure chamber, 101, an upper normal displacement meter, 102, a lower normal displacement meter, 103, an annular sealing cavity, 104, a compression ring, 105, a lock nut, 106, an adjusting cover, 107, an oil filling port, 108, a confining pressure loading computer control end, 109, an oil outlet, 110, an oil collecting tank, 111, a cylindrical pin, 112, a limiting block, 113, an O-shaped sealing ring, 20, a second pressure head, 201, a left water guide channel 202, a left water outlet, 203, a second fluid pressure meter, 204, a second fluid meter, 205, a fluid collector, 30, a first pressure head, 301, a right water guide channel, 302, a right water inlet, 303, a first fluid pressure meter, 304, a first fluid meter, 305, a seepage control system, 306, a transparent heat shrinkage tube, 307, a Teflon sample, 308, a second semi-cylindrical body, 309, a first semi-cylindrical body, 310, a circular ring groove, 311, a water gap, 312, an axial pressure sensor, 313, an annular shaft shoulder, 314, a special joint, 315, a polytetrafluoroethylene semi-cylindrical body, 316, an axial loading computer control end, 40, a flexible body, 50, an axial fixing device, 60, an axial pushing device and a counterforce frame.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the invention is a rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device, which mainly comprises a triaxial pressure chamber 10, a second pressure head 20 and a first pressure head 30, wherein the second pressure head 20 is connected to the triaxial pressure chamber 10, the second pressure head 20 is fixed on a reaction frame 70 through an axial fixing device 50, the first pressure head 30 is connected with an axial pushing device 60, and the first pressure head 30 can be brought to move along a direction approaching to the second pressure head 20 through the axial pushing device 60.
The triaxial pressure chamber 10 is internally provided with a flexible tubular body 40 which is horizontally arranged, wherein the inside of the flexible tubular body 40 is used for placing a rock sample to be tested, the rock sample to be tested is cylindrical, the second pressure head 20 and the first pressure head 30 are respectively arranged at two ends of the flexible tubular body 40, the second pressure head 20 and the first pressure head 30 are deep into the inside of the flexible tubular body 40, the second pressure head 20 is connected with one end of the rock sample to be tested, the first pressure head 30 is connected with the other end of the rock sample to be tested, and when the second pressure head 20 moves along the axial direction, the rock sample to be tested is extruded through the second pressure head 20 and the first pressure head 30, and a shearing force is generated inside the rock sample to be tested.
Further, upper and lower normal displacement meters 101 and 102 are provided on both sides of the flexible tubular body 40 of the pressure chamber, and the two normal displacement meters are both in contact with the surface of the flexible tubular body 40 for detecting the normal displacement of the rock sample when the rock shear seepage test is performed.
Therefore, the shear seepage coupling test device provided by the embodiment places the rock sample to be tested in the flexible tubular body 40, applies axial direction force to the rock sample through the pressure heads at two ends of the flexible tubular body 40, so that shear force is generated inside the rock sample to be tested, and meanwhile, the shear seepage coupling test is completed by injecting water into the rock sample through the second pressure head 20 and the first pressure head 30.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, in this embodiment, a central through hole of a left port and a right port is provided in the pressure chamber, wherein the flexible tubular body 40 is installed in the center of the central through hole, the inner diameter of the flexible tubular body 40 is smaller than that of the central through hole, and two ends of the flexible tubular body 40 are connected with side walls of two ends of the pressure chamber in a sealing manner.
An annular sealing cavity 103 is formed between the outer wall surface of the flexible tubular body 40 and the inner wall of the central through hole of the pressure chamber, or also called confining pressure cavity, referring to fig. 4, an oil filling port 107 and an oil outlet port 109 are arranged on the pressure chamber, both the oil filling port 107 and the oil outlet port 109 are communicated with the annular sealing cavity 103, wherein the oil filling port 107 is connected with a confining pressure loading computer control end 108 through an oil inlet pipeline, the oil outlet port 109 is connected with an oil collecting tank 110 through an oil discharging pipeline, so confining pressure oil can be filled through the oil filling port 107 on the pressure chamber, and finally flows into the oil collecting tank 110 for storage through the annular sealing cavity 103 and the oil outlet port 109.
Thus, confining pressure oil is injected into the confining pressure cavity of the pressure chamber through the oil injection port 107, the confining pressure of the flexible tubular body 40 for fixing the rock fracture sample is applied, a confining pressure specific value is obtained at the confining pressure loading computer control end 108, and the applied confining pressure is generally larger than seepage pressure, so that the plugging function of preventing seepage fluid from flowing out of the side edge of the rock fracture sample can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 2, an upper normal displacement meter 101 in this embodiment is installed at the upper part of the pressure chamber and extends into the annular sealing cavity 103 to contact with the outer surface of the flexible tubular body 40, and a lower normal displacement meter 102 is installed at the lower part of the pressure chamber and extends into the annular sealing cavity 103 to contact with the outer surface of the flexible tubular body 40, so that the normal displacement of the rock fracture sample in the shear seepage process can be detected at any time.
In order to avoid that the flexible tubular body 40 affects the accuracy of the test, the flexible tubular body 40 in the present embodiment has good sealability and deformability.
Further, referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, a right water inlet 302 is provided on the first pressure head 30, and meanwhile, a right water guide channel 301 is provided in the first pressure head 30, and the right water guide channel 301 is communicated with the right water inlet 302 through a right cavity; the second pressure head 20 is provided with a left water outlet 202, a left water guide channel 201 is arranged in the second pressure head, and the left water guide channel 201 is connected with the left water outlet 202 through a left cavity.
The right water inlet 302 is connected with a seepage control system 305 through a water inlet pipeline, a first flowmeter 304 and a first fluid pressure gauge 303 are connected on the water inlet pipeline and used for measuring and recording seepage pressure values and seepage flow of an injection end, the left water outlet 202 is connected with a fluid collector 205 through a water outlet pipeline, and a second flowmeter 204 and a second fluid pressure gauge 203 are arranged on the water outlet pipeline and used for measuring and recording seepage pressure values and seepage flow of an outflow end.
When the second ram 20 and the first ram 30 are pressing a rock fracture sample, water can be injected into the first ram 30 through the water inlet line, then flows into the rock fracture sample, finally flows out through the water outlet 202 of the second ram 20, and then flows into the fluid collector 205, thus completing the seepage test.
In order to ensure the tightness of the flexible tubular body 40, as shown in fig. 2, two ends of the flexible tubular body 40 in this embodiment form a disc to be abutted against the end surfaces of two sides of the pressure chamber, and the discs on two sides are in sealing connection with the end surfaces of two sides of the pressure chamber through the O-shaped rubber ring 113, so as to ensure that the liquid cannot flow out from the gap between the discs.
Further, the outer sides of the two ends of the flexible tubular body 40 are respectively provided with a pressing ring 104, the two ends of the flexible tubular body 40 are tightly pressed on the end surfaces of the two sides of the pressure chamber by the pressing rings 104, and are fixed on the end surfaces of the two sides of the pressure chamber by the cylindrical pins 111, meanwhile, the outer sides of the pressing rings 104 are also provided with locking nuts 105, the locking nuts 105 are connected with the two ends of the pressure chamber through threads, and when the locking nuts 105 are tightly screwed on the pressure chamber, the locking nuts 105 are in contact with the pressing rings 104, so that the pressing rings 104 can tightly fix the flexible tubular body 40 on the end surfaces of the two ends of the pressure chamber through one axial force of the locking nuts 105, and the overall tightness is improved.
In this embodiment, the second pressure head 20 and the first pressure head 30 mainly comprise cylinder structures with two different diameters at two ends, and an annular shaft shoulder 313 is disposed between the two cylinder structures with different diameters, where the annular shaft shoulder 313 of the second pressure head 20 can contact with the inner wall of the lock nut 105, and meanwhile, an adjusting cover 106 is connected to the outer side of the lock nut 105 for fixing the first pressure head 30, the adjusting cover 106 is connected with the right lock nut 105 through threads, and the inner part of the adjusting cover 106 contacts with the shaft shoulder of the first pressure head 30 through a limiting block 112, so that the second pressure head 20 and the first pressure head 30 are fixed.
Referring to fig. 5, in order to enable the second ram 20 and the first ram 30 to generate a shear force inside the rock fracture sample when the rock fracture sample is extruded, the first ram 30 is a cylinder, and the end of the first ram 30 is divided into three parts, namely, a first half cylinder 309 and a second half cylinder 308, and a polytetrafluoroethylene half cylinder 315, wherein the thickness or height of the first half cylinder 309 is greater than that of the second half cylinder 308, the first half cylinder 309 is integrally arranged with the first ram 30, and as for the second ram 20, the first half cylinder 309 of the second ram 20 and the first half cylinder 309 of the first ram 30 are symmetrical with respect to the center of the rock sample, that is, if the first half cylinder 309 of the first ram 30 is located at the upper part, the first half cylinder 309 of the second ram 20 is located at the lower part, so that the mutual extrusion of the second ram 20 and the first ram 30 can be ensured, and a horizontal shear force is generated inside the rock sample.
Further, the second half cylinders 308 on the first ram 30 and the second ram 20 in this embodiment are slidably disposed on the ram body, and a polytetrafluoroethylene half cylinder 315 is disposed between the ram body and the first half cylinder 308, and when the rock fracture sample is subjected to shear deformation, the second half cylinder 308 can squeeze the polytetrafluoroethylene half cylinder 315, so that a certain shear deformation space can be provided for the rock fracture sample.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first half cylinder 309 and the second half cylinder 308 on the second ram 20 and the first ram 30 are made of rigid materials, so as to ensure that the contact end surfaces of the rams and the rock sample are flat.
Referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, a plurality of concentric circular grooves 310 are provided on the end surface of the first pressure head 30, the circular grooves 310 are mutually communicated, a water gap 311 is provided on the end surface of the first pressure head 30, the water gap 311 is communicated with the right water guiding channel 301 inside the pressure head, the water gap 311 is provided on the first semi-cylinder 309, and one of the circular grooves 310 is communicated, so that water flowing out of the first pressure head 30 can uniformly enter the rock sample, and the same circular groove 310 is also provided on the second pressure head 20.
Since the end of the ram is divided into the first half cylinder 309 and the second half cylinder 308 in this embodiment, each annular groove 310 of the ram end is also divided into two parts.
Further, in this embodiment, the first ram 30 is further provided with an axial pressure sensor 312, through which the load applied in the axial direction can be recorded, and the axial pressure sensor 312 is placed inside the first ram 30, so that more accurate measurement of the shear strength of the rock is achieved.
Referring to fig. 6, the second ram 20 in this embodiment is fixed on the reaction frame by the left axial fixing device 50, the first ram 30 is connected to the axial pushing device 60 and the special connector 314, and the axial pushing device 60 is connected to the axial displacement meter, where the axial displacement meter and the normal displacement meter form a displacement measurement system for detecting the displacement condition of the rock sample during the shear seepage test.
Meanwhile, the first ram 30 is connected to an axial loading computer control end 316 through a special connector 314, and the load applied by the first ram 30 is controlled through the axial loading computer control end.
The test method based on the rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device is described in detail below:
step one: installing a rock fracture sample, forming a second indenter 20, a granite sample 307, and a first indenter 30 into a composite;
specifically, in this step, first, a standard cylindrical granite sample of 50×100mm is processed; then splitting the granite sample by using Brazilian splitting test equipment to form a horizontal crack surface parallel to the end surface, thereby obtaining a granite crack sample; finally, the second ram 20, granite sample 307, first ram 30 and transparent teflon heat shrink tube 306 are assembled together to form a combination, ensuring that the plane of protrusion of the shear ram body is at the same level as the rock fracture surface;
step two: installing the flexible tubular body 40 within the pressure chamber while installing the combination within the flexible tubular body 40;
specifically, in this step, the flexible tubular body 40 is installed in the triaxial cell 10, and the upper normal displacement gauge 101, the lower normal displacement gauge 102, the triaxial cell 10 main body and the flexible tubular body 40 together form a confining pressure cavity while confining pressure oil is separated from the rock fracture sample; the combination body is arranged in the tube of the flexible tubular body 40 from right to left, and the two ends of the flexible tubular body 40 are tightly fixed on the end surfaces of the two ends of the pressure chamber by using the locking nut 105 and the pressing ring 104 to realize integral sealing; meanwhile, the position of the combination body is finely adjusted through the installed adjusting cover 106, so that the accurate installation position of the sample is ensured;
step three: starting to realize a shear seepage coupling test of the rock sample;
specifically, in this step, the test operation thereof is as follows: through the confining pressure loading system, confining pressure oil is injected into the confining pressure cavity through the oil injection port 107, so that the confining pressure of the granite crack sample is applied, a confining pressure concrete value is obtained at the confining pressure loading computer control end 108, and the confining pressure is kept unchanged after the confining pressure concrete value is loaded to a target confining pressure value; through the seepage control system 305, seepage fluid is injected through the first flowmeter 304, the first fluid pressure gauge 303, the water inlet pipeline and the right water inlet 302, then flows into the granite crack sample through the first pressure head 30, the right water guide channel 301 and the water gap 311, flows out to the fluid collector 205 through the water gap 311, the left water guide channel 301, the second pressure head 20, the left water outlet 202, the water outlet pipeline, the second fluid pressure gauge 203 and the second flowmeter 204, and reaches a target seepage pressure value;
applying an axial load to the granite crack sample by an axial loading device; recording the axially applied load by an axial pressure sensor 312 integrated into the first ram 30, and recording the axial shear displacement by an axial displacement sensor; the normal displacement change of the granite crack sample in the shearing seepage process is accurately measured through a normal displacement sensor, and the seepage flow and seepage pressure change in the shearing process are calculated through a pressure gauge and a flowmeter in the seepage control system 305.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The rock fracture shear seepage test device is characterized by comprising a pressure chamber, an integrated flexible tubular body, and a first pressure head and a second pressure head which are arranged at two ends of the flexible tubular body;
the flexible tubular body is placed in a pressure chamber, a normal displacement sensor for monitoring the direction perpendicular to the axis of the flexible tubular body is arranged in the pressure chamber, a rock fracture sample is placed in the flexible tubular body, pressure heads at two ends of the flexible tubular body can do relative motion in the axis direction of the flexible tubular body to squeeze the rock fracture sample, so that shearing force is generated in the flexible tubular body, a water inlet channel is arranged in the first pressure head, and a water outlet channel is arranged in the second pressure head;
the end parts of the first pressure head and the second pressure head, which are contacted with the rock fracture sample, are respectively divided into a first semi-cylindrical rigid bulge and a second semi-cylindrical rigid bulge, the first semi-cylindrical rigid bulge and the pressure head body are integrally arranged, the second semi-cylindrical rigid bulge can move along the axial direction of the pressure head, and the first semi-cylindrical rigid bulge and the second semi-cylindrical rigid bulge are symmetrical about the center of the sample to be tested;
polytetrafluoroethylene semi-cylinders are arranged between the second semi-cylindrical rigid protrusions and the pressure head body;
the first pressure head is provided with a pressure sensor and can move along the axial direction of the flexible tubular body, and the second pressure head is fixed;
the end face of the first pressure head is provided with a plurality of concentric annular grooves which are communicated with each other, the second pressure head is also provided with the same annular groove, and the annular grooves are communicated with the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel;
the both ends and the pressure chamber sealing connection of flexible tubular body, and the outer wall surface of flexible tubular body, pressure chamber and normal direction displacement sensor form annular seal cavity jointly, be equipped with oil inlet and oil-out on the pressure chamber, oil inlet and oil-out all are linked together with annular seal cavity, the both ends of flexible tubular body form a disc and butt joint with the terminal surface of the both sides of pressure chamber, be equipped with the sealing washer between the both ends of flexible tubular body and the pressure chamber, and the outside of flexible tubular body is equipped with the clamping ring, the clamping ring passes through the round pin axle to be fixed on the pressure chamber, be equipped with lock nut in the outside of clamping ring, lock nut passes through threaded connection with the pressure chamber, normal direction displacement sensor includes upward direction displacement meter and lower normal direction displacement meter, wherein upward normal direction displacement meter and lower normal direction displacement meter set up in annular seal cavity.
2. The rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device according to claim 1, wherein a first annular seepage groove is formed in the end portion, in contact with the rock fracture sample, of the first pressure head, the first annular seepage groove is communicated with the water inlet channel, a second annular seepage groove is formed in the end portion, in contact with the rock fracture sample, of the second pressure head, and the second annular seepage groove is communicated with the water outlet channel.
3. The rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device according to claim 1, wherein the first pressure head is provided with a water inlet communicated with the water inlet channel, the second pressure head is provided with a water outlet communicated with the water outlet channel, the water inlet is connected with a water inlet pipeline, the water outlet is connected with a water outlet pipeline, and the water inlet pipeline and the water outlet pipeline are connected with a flowmeter and a liquid pressure meter.
4. A test method based on a rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a rock fracture sample to be tested in the flexible tubular body, so that two ends of the rock fracture sample are respectively contacted with the second pressure head and the first pressure head;
and controlling the first pressure head and the second pressure head to do relative motion to extrude the rock fracture sample, so that shearing force is generated inside the rock fracture sample to be detected, simultaneously, water is injected into a water inlet channel in the first pressure head, water flows out from a water outlet channel in the second pressure head through the rock fracture sample to be detected, the rock sample shearing seepage coupling test is realized, and meanwhile, the change of a normal displacement sensor is observed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111165382.XA CN113916647B (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device and test method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111165382.XA CN113916647B (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Rock fracture shear seepage coupling test device and test method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113916647A CN113916647A (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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| CN106769797B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2020-01-21 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Geological structure surface stress seepage coupling shear rheological system |
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