CN113916198A - Inclined station setting method for automatically matching control points and application - Google Patents
Inclined station setting method for automatically matching control points and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN113916198A CN113916198A CN202111128706.2A CN202111128706A CN113916198A CN 113916198 A CN113916198 A CN 113916198A CN 202111128706 A CN202111128706 A CN 202111128706A CN 113916198 A CN113916198 A CN 113916198A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
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Abstract
The invention discloses an inclined station setting method capable of automatically matching control points, which is characterized in that after a total station is erected at any position, centering and leveling operations are not needed, any three control points nearby are directly measured, the control points are automatically matched in a control point network according to the geometric relation between the control points obtained through measurement, the roll names and the geodetic coordinates of the control points are obtained, the geodetic coordinates and the inclined compensation values of the station are obtained through calculation by utilizing a seven-parameter model according to the geodetic coordinates and the measured coordinates, and the precision of subsequent measurement is ensured. The technical scheme of the invention simplifies the station setting steps of the total station, saves the station setting time and does not influence the precision of subsequent measurement. In engineering survey, especially in the rail maintenance work of subway, railway, etc., survey crew need frequently establish the station when measuring, and this technical scheme has saved total powerstation and has established the station time, has guaranteed measurement accuracy simultaneously, has effectively improved measurement of efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit measurement, in particular to an application of an inclined station setting method for automatically matching control points.
Background
Total stations are a common measurement tool in engineering surveying. Before starting measurement, the total station needs to complete station setting, that is, determining coordinates of a station according to coordinates of a known control point. The traditional total station setting mode is that the total station is erected at a known point, then centering and leveling operations are carried out on the total station, then the roll name and the geodetic coordinates of a control point are sequentially input into the total station, then the corresponding control point is sequentially measured, so that the set point coordinates are calculated, the total station setting can be completed, and then the unknown point coordinates are measured. Since the introduction of the free station measurement technology from germany, the total station setting method is improved, the free station setting technology removes the centering step from the traditional total station setting process, the total station setting process is simplified, but the free station setting technology can only measure the coordinates of the set station, namely one unknown point, each time, and the free station setting process needs to be repeated when the next unknown point is measured. So far, the total station still needs to be leveled and control point information needs to be selected and input in advance. Namely, the total station cannot complete the station setting under the state that the total station is inclined. At present, although the development of free standing is not leveled, a control point needs to be selected before standing measurement, the roll name and the coordinates of the control point are input into a total station, and measuring personnel need to match the control points one by one during measurement. The traditional total station setting method needs centering and leveling, then selects and inputs the geodetic coordinates of the control points, and finally completes the station setting after measuring the selected control points. The existing free station setting method eliminates the centering step, but still needs leveling, and needs to match the information of the control points, and then the station setting can be completed after the selected control points are measured one by one. The total station leveling and matching control points consume more time, for the maintenance work of rails such as subways and railways, maintenance personnel can only carry out measurement and maintenance work in the time of a skylight at night, the measurement time is urgent, and the existing total station setting mode can not fully meet the use requirements of the maintenance personnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an inclined station setting method for automatically matching control points, aiming at the problems. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an inclined station setting method capable of automatically matching control points comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting the CP III control point coordinates of the measuring area in the total station;
s2, erecting a total station at any unknown position, directly and randomly selecting a plurality of control points near the total station as random measurement control points without centering and leveling operation, and obtaining coordinates of the random measurement control points according to measurement;
s3, automatically calculating the position relation of the random measurement control points, searching and matching the position relation with the CP III control point input in the step S1 to obtain the actual point name and geodetic coordinates of the random measurement control points;
and S4, calculating a station setting coordinate and an inclination compensation value by using the actual coordinate and the measurement coordinate of the random measurement control point, and finishing the inclined station setting of the total station.
As a further description of the present invention, when a total station is set, the total station does not need to be erected on a known control point, any unknown point can be selected as a set point, and after the total station is erected, a centering leveling operation is not needed, nearby control points can be directly measured, and the number of the random measurement control points is three.
Further, in step S4, the parametric model for setting the site coordinates and the tilt compensation value is calculated as a seven-parametric model.
Furthermore, the method is applied to the plate adjustment measurement of the track plate.
Furthermore, in the tuning measurement of the track slab, a compensation value is calculated to perform coordinate conversion and correction on the measured coordinates.
Further, the compensation value is calculated by coordinate conversion.
Further, the model of the coordinate transformation is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing coordinates under an original coordinate system;
representing coordinates under a target coordinate system; [ Delta X Delta y Delta Z]TIs a translation factor; m is a scale variation parameter, and R is a coordinate rotation matrix.
When the station is set, the total station does not need to be erected on a known control point, any unknown point can be selected for erection, the total station does not need to be centered and leveled, and the total station can directly start to measure the control point in an inclined state; meanwhile, control points do not need to be matched when the control points are measured, corresponding roll names and coordinates of the control points are automatically matched according to the position relation obtained through measurement, geodetic coordinates and tilt compensation values of the station are obtained through calculation according to the seven-parameter model, the station setting work is completed, and the tilt compensation values are used for compensating the coordinates measured in the tilting state of the total station, so that the measurement accuracy of the total station is guaranteed. The technical scheme of the invention simplifies the station setting steps of the total station, saves the station setting time and does not influence the precision of subsequent measurement. In engineering survey, especially in the rail maintenance work of subway, railway, etc., survey crew need frequently establish the station when measuring, and this technical scheme has saved total powerstation and has established the station time, has guaranteed measurement accuracy simultaneously, has effectively improved measurement of efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for setting a station for tilt of an automatic matching control point according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
An inclined station setting method capable of automatically matching control points comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting the CP III control point coordinates of the measuring area in the total station;
s2, selecting a total station to erect at any position, directly and randomly selecting a plurality of control points near the total station as random measurement control points without centering and leveling operation, and obtaining coordinates of the random measurement control points according to measurement;
s3, automatically calculating the position relation of the random measurement control points, and searching and matching the position relation of the control points of CP III input in the step S1 to obtain the actual point names and geodetic coordinates of the random measurement control points;
and S4, calculating a station setting coordinate and an inclination compensation value by using the actual coordinate and the measurement coordinate of the random measurement control point, and finishing the inclined station setting of the total station.
The method aims to design a method for quickly setting the total station under the inclined state of the total station, wherein the total station under the inclined state refers to the total station which is randomly set, namely, centering and leveling operations are not needed after the total station is set. Correspondingly, in the existing total station setting method, according to the existing engineering measurement specification, centering and leveling operations are required when the total station is set. The invention eliminates the steps of centering and leveling and matching control points in the traditional total station setting process, simplifies the station setting process of the total station, saves the station setting time and improves the measuring efficiency. In the subsequent measurement process, the measured coordinates are subjected to coordinate conversion and correction through the coordinate conversion and compensation values, so that the accuracy of the subsequent measurement is ensured.
In the actual station setting process, three or more than three random measurement control points near the total station are generally selected randomly for measurement, and the position relationship can be automatically calculated according to the coordinates of the control points obtained through measurement. Specifically, the randomly measured parameters include the horizontal angle, vertical angle, and skew distance of three randomly measured control points, and the like.
Preferably, in step S4 of the method of the present invention, a seven-parameter model is used for calculation, where the seven parameters refer to 7 coordinate transformation parameters (3 translation parameters, 3 rotation parameters, and 1 scale change parameter), and finally, an absolute three-dimensional coordinate of the total station center is obtained by using a spatial coordinate transformation formula. Seven parameters, namely seven coordinate conversion parameters, can be calculated according to the three measured known control points. And when the unknown point is measured subsequently, the measurement coordinate is obtained, and the real coordinate of the unknown point can be obtained according to the coordinate conversion parameter.
The transformation model (1) can be obtained by a space three-dimensional coordinate transformation process:
in which T represents a matrix transpose, i.e.
Representing coordinates under an original coordinate system;
representing coordinates under a target coordinate system; [ Delta X Delta Y Delta Z]TIs a translation factor; m is a scale variation parameter, and generally k is 1+ m; and R is a coordinate rotation matrix.
The model (1) is set to be 7 parameter initial value delta X0、ΔY0、ΔZ0、θ°、
Ψ0、κ0Expanded in a Taylor series and retaining only the first order term, the rounding error being controlled by iterative calculations, i.e.
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
by converting equation (2), we can obtain:
XT＝R′x-l (3)
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
e is an identity matrix;
an error equation can be obtained from equation (3):
V＝R′x-(l+XT) (4)
at this time, x is the number of 7 parameter corrections. By utilizing 3 or more than 3 common points (namely three randomly-selected random measurement control points when the station is obliquely set), the optimal estimated value of the parameter can be solved through calculation.
Error in unit weight for accuracy assessment
f is the degree of freedom, in which case f is 3n-7, n is the number of common points, and P is the weight. According to the measurement and calculation method, seven parameters required for coordinate conversion can be calculated when geodetic coordinates of three known control points, i.e., the (x, y, z) values of the three known control points are known.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention only and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, the specific construction of which allows variations, and in any case variations, which are within the scope of the invention as defined in the independent claims.
Claims (7)
1. An inclined station setting method capable of automatically matching control points is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting the CP III control point coordinates of the measuring area in the total station;
s2, selecting a total station to erect at any position, directly and randomly selecting a plurality of control points near the total station as random measurement control points, and obtaining coordinates of the random measurement control points according to measurement;
s3, automatically calculating the position relation of the random measurement control points, searching and matching the position relation with the CP III control point input in the step S1 to obtain the actual point name and geodetic coordinates of the random measurement control points;
and S4, calculating a station setting coordinate and an inclination compensation value by using the actual coordinate and the measurement coordinate of the random measurement control point, and finishing the inclined station setting of the total station.
2. The method for inclined station setting of automatic matching control points according to claim 1, characterized in that: selecting any unknown point as a set point, and directly measuring a nearby known control point; the number of the random measurement control points is three.
3. The method for inclined station setting of automatic matching control points according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S4, the parametric model for setting the site coordinates and the tilt compensation value is calculated as a seven-parameter model.
4. The method for inclined station setting of automatic matching control points according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method is applied to the plate adjusting measurement of the track plate.
5. The method for automatically matching inclined stations of control points according to claim 4, wherein: and calculating a compensation value to perform coordinate conversion and correction on the measured coordinate in the plate adjustment measurement of the track plate.
6. The method for setting the tilt of the automatic matching control point according to claim 5, wherein: the compensation value is obtained through coordinate conversion calculation.
7. The method for setting the tilt of the automatic matching control point according to claim 5, wherein: the model of the coordinate transformation is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing coordinates under an original coordinate system;
representing coordinates under a target coordinate system; [ Delta X Delta Y Delta Z]T is a translation factor; m is a scale variation parameter, and R is a coordinate rotation matrix.
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| CN202111128706.2A CN113916198A (en) | 2021-09-26 | 2021-09-26 | Inclined station setting method for automatically matching control points and application |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107044852A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-15 | 西南交通大学 | Total station survey method under out-of-flatness state |
| CN110030943A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-07-19 | 中铁二十二局集团有限公司 | A kind of Free Station mode specifies the scan method of particular range |
| CN111854712A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 北京龙软科技股份有限公司 | Method for automatically measuring coordinates of target point of fully mechanized coal mining face and measuring robot system |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107044852A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-15 | 西南交通大学 | Total station survey method under out-of-flatness state |
| CN110030943A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-07-19 | 中铁二十二局集团有限公司 | A kind of Free Station mode specifies the scan method of particular range |
| CN111854712A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 北京龙软科技股份有限公司 | Method for automatically measuring coordinates of target point of fully mechanized coal mining face and measuring robot system |
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