CN113915254A

CN113915254A - Index plate brake structure

Info

Publication number: CN113915254A
Application number: CN202111033573.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张海强
Original assignee: Woshi Machinery Jiangsu Co ltd
Current assignee: Woshi Machinery Jiangsu Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-03
Filing date: 2021-09-03
Publication date: 2022-01-11

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of graduated disk brakes, in particular to a graduated disk brake structure, which comprises a base, a main shaft and a workbench, wherein the main shaft drives the workbench to rotate relative to the base, a movable brake pad is arranged on the main shaft, a fixed brake assembly is arranged in a placing cavity of the base, the fixed brake assembly is provided with a sliding cavity, a piston is arranged in the sliding cavity, a gap is formed between the piston and a first end surface of the sliding cavity, the movable brake pad is arranged in the gap, the piston is tightly attached to a second end surface of the sliding cavity, a hydraulic oil cavity is arranged on the second end surface, accommodating grooves are formed in the piston and the first end surface in a relative mode, elastic parts are arranged in the two opposite accommodating grooves, and after the hydraulic oil cavity is pressurized, the piston and the first end surface clamp the movable brake pad. According to the invention, the fixed brake component and the dynamic brake pad realize braking of the distributing disc through the piston, and the single hydraulic oil cavity is matched with the elastic part, so that the piston slides in the sliding cavity, the structure is compact, the installation space is saved, and the braking effect is improved.

Description

Index plate brake structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of graduated disk brakes, in particular to a graduated disk brake structure.

Background

The index plate is one of main components of the machine tool, and is used for clamping and fixing a workpiece on the index plate, and enabling the workpiece to rotate, index and position so as to execute machining operations such as index drilling, milling and the like on the machine tool. When the rotary table of the common index plate rotates to a preset angle, the rotary table must stop rotating to allow the tool to process a workpiece, so the index plate is usually provided with a brake structure to effectively lock the main shaft at a brake and stop position, and the influence on the processing precision due to the micromotion of the rotary table caused by the cutting of the tool is avoided.

The existing graduated disk brake device has the following problems: the oil cylinder and the piston are oversized, two oil cavities are needed for clamping and loosening the brake, so that the numerical control rotary table is oversized, and the brake force is insufficient, so that the brake effect cannot be guaranteed.

In view of the above problems, the inventor of the present invention has made active research and innovation based on the practical experience and professional knowledge of the engineering application of such products for many years, in order to create a graduated disc brake structure, which is more practical.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the provided dial brake structure improves the brake effect.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a graduated disk brake structure comprises a base, a main shaft and a workbench, wherein the main shaft drives the workbench to rotate relative to the base, a movable brake pad is arranged on the main shaft, a fixed brake assembly is arranged in a placing cavity of the base and provided with a sliding cavity, a piston is arranged in the sliding cavity, a gap is formed between the piston and a first end face of the sliding cavity, the movable brake pad is arranged in the gap, the piston is tightly attached to a second end face of the sliding cavity, a hydraulic oil cavity is arranged on the second end face, a containing groove is formed in the piston and the first end face in a relative mode, elastic pieces are arranged in the containing grooves in the two phases, and after the hydraulic oil cavity is pressurized by the piston, the movable brake pad is clamped between the piston and the first end face.

Further, the fixed brake assembly comprises a fixed seat and a fixed brake block, the fixed seat is fixedly arranged on the base, the fixed brake block is fixedly arranged on the fixed seat, a step hole is formed in the fixed seat, a step shaft is arranged on the piston, a first step surface of the step shaft is in contact with a second end surface, double-layer annular grooves are formed in a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface of the step hole in contact with the step shaft, and sealing rings are arranged in the double-layer annular grooves.

Furthermore, the hydraulic oil cavity is of an annular structure, the fixed seat is provided with a plurality of oil inlets along the circumferential direction, the oil inlets are communicated with the hydraulic oil cavity, the section of the hydraulic oil cavity is of a trapezoidal structure, and the section of the hydraulic oil cavity is gradually enlarged along the direction of clamping the movable brake block.

Furthermore, a plurality of oil passages are arranged on the base and correspond to the oil inlet holes one by one.

Further, the elastic part is a spring, and the accommodating groove is matched with the spring.

Further, the fixed brake block with the dynamic brake block is annular contact, just the fixed brake block with the annular contact zone of dynamic brake block all is equipped with the net.

Further, the grid is processed by laser.

Furthermore, the dynamic brake pad and the main shaft are locked through a plurality of annular gaskets.

Furthermore, a plurality of buffer grooves are uniformly distributed on the dynamic brake pad along the circumferential direction, and the buffer grooves are located between the annular contact area and the annular gasket locking area.

Further, the dashpot include first cell body and with a plurality of second cell bodies of first cell body intercommunication, first cell body is the circular arc structure, and follows the circumferencial direction setting of dynamic brake piece, it is a plurality of the second cell body intersect in first cell body just points to the centre of a circle direction setting of dynamic brake piece.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the fixed brake assembly and the movable brake pad realize braking of the index plate through the piston, and the single hydraulic oil cavity is matched with the elastic part, so that the piston slides in the sliding cavity, the structure is compact, the installation space is saved, when the brake structure is in an initial state, the piston is tightly attached to the second end surface under the action of the elastic part, and the movable brake pad is not contacted with the first end surface, so that the normal rotation of the index plate is realized; when the brake structure is in a braking state, the hydraulic oil cavity on the second end face enters hydraulic oil, and the piston clamps the brake pad with the first end face after the hydraulic oil cavity is pressurized, so that the brake of the dividing plate is realized, and the brake effect is improved.

According to the invention, the friction force between the movable brake block and the first end surface is increased and the braking force is improved through the arrangement of the grids on the movable brake block, and the buffer slots on the movable brake block play a certain buffer role on the braking inertia force, so that the influence of the braking inertia force on braking is reduced and the braking accuracy is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the brake structure in an initial state according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the brake structure in a braking state according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a brake actuating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a structural view of a brake fixing block in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a structural view of the brake pad of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial structural view of the service brake pad according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a base; 2. a main shaft; 3. a work table; 4. a dynamic brake pad; 5. a fixed brake assembly; 51. a fixed seat; 511. a second end face; 511a and a hydraulic oil chamber; 512. a double-layer annular groove; 513. an oil inlet hole; 52. a brake fixing block; 521. a first end face; 6. a piston; 61. a first step surface; 7. a containing groove; 8. an elastic member; 9. a grid; 10. an annular gasket; 11. a buffer tank; 111. a first tank body; 112. a second trough body.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the index plate brake structure includes a base 1, a main shaft 2 and a workbench 3, the main shaft 2 drives the workbench 3 to rotate relative to the base 1, and is characterized in that a movable brake pad 4 is disposed on the main shaft 2, a fixed brake assembly 5 is disposed in a placement cavity of the base 1, the fixed brake assembly 5 is provided with a sliding cavity, a piston 6 is disposed in the sliding cavity, a gap is formed between the piston 6 and a first end surface 521 of the sliding cavity, the movable brake pad 4 is disposed in the gap, the piston 6 is tightly attached to a second end surface 511 of the sliding cavity, a hydraulic oil cavity 511a is disposed on the second end surface 511, an accommodating groove 7 is disposed on the piston 6 and the first end surface 521, elastic members 8 are disposed in the two opposite accommodating grooves 7, and the piston 6 and the first end surface 521 clamp the movable brake pad 4 after the hydraulic oil cavity 511a is pressurized.

In the brake process of the invention, when the brake structure is in an initial state, under the action of the elastic part 8, the piston 6 is tightly attached to the second end surface 511, and the movable brake pad 4 is not contacted with the first end surface 521, so that the normal rotation of the index plate is realized; when the brake structure starts to brake, the hydraulic oil cavity 511a on the second end surface 511 enters hydraulic oil, the piston 6 clamps the moving brake pad 4 with the first end surface 521 after the hydraulic oil cavity 511a is pressurized, and braking of the index plate is achieved.

In the embodiment of the invention, the fixed brake assembly 5 is a split structure, specifically, the fixed brake assembly 5 comprises a fixed seat 51 and a fixed brake block 52, the fixed seat 51 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, the fixed brake block 52 is fixedly arranged on the fixed seat 51, a step hole is arranged on the fixed seat 51, a step shaft is arranged on the piston 6, a first step surface 61 of the step shaft is in contact with a second end surface 511, a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface of the step hole in contact with the step shaft are both provided with a double-layer annular groove 512, and the double-layer annular groove 512 is provided with a sealing ring. The double-layer annular groove 512 ensures the pressure in the hydraulic oil cavity 511a on the second end surface 511, improves the clamping force between the piston 6 and the first end surface 521, and effectively ensures the braking effect.

In order to further increase the braking effect, the hydraulic oil chamber 511a has an annular structure, the fixing seat 51 is provided with a plurality of oil inlets 513 along the circumferential direction, the plurality of oil inlets 513 are communicated with the hydraulic oil chamber 511a, and the section of the hydraulic oil chamber 511a has a trapezoidal structure and is gradually enlarged along the direction of clamping the movable brake pad 4. The hydraulic oil cavity 511a has a trapezoidal structure design, so that the contact area of the hydraulic oil and the piston 6 is increased, the pressure of the hydraulic oil on the piston 6 is increased, and the braking effect of the piston 6 on the brake pad 4 is improved.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the base 1 is provided with a plurality of oil passages, and the plurality of oil passages correspond to the plurality of oil inlet holes 513 one by one.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the elastic member 8 is a spring, the accommodating groove 7 is matched with the spring, two ends of the spring are respectively arranged in the accommodating groove 7, when the brake structure is in an initial state, the spring is in a relaxed state, when the brake structure is in a braking state, the spring is in a compressed state, and the compression force of the spring is ensured to push the piston 6 to an initial position when the piston 6 loses oil pressure, so that the dividing plate can normally rotate, and the brake feasibility of the single-oil-chamber brake is ensured.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the fixed brake block 52 and the movable brake block 4 are in annular contact, and the annular contact areas of the fixed brake block 52 and the movable brake block 4 are both provided with grids 9. According to the invention, the friction force between the brake pad 4 and the grid 9 on the first end surface 521 is increased, the braking force is improved, and the braking accuracy is ensured.

Preferably, the grid 9 is laser machined.

In order to increase the locking effect of the dynamic brake pad 4 and the main shaft 2, the dynamic brake pad 4 and the main shaft 2 are locked through a plurality of annular gaskets 10, and the locking force of the dynamic brake pad 4 is improved.

Because the movable brake block 4 needs to have a gap between the movable brake block 4 and the first end surface 521 when not receiving the clamping force of the piston 6 and the fixed brake block 52, and the movable brake block 4 is fixed on the spindle 2, the clamping force can deform the surface of the movable brake block 4 in the long-time use process, so that the surface of the movable brake block 4 is inclined to contact with the first end surface when the movable brake block 4 loses the clamping force, and the rotation precision of the index plate is influenced, therefore, in order to reduce the influence of the clamping force on the surface flatness of the movable brake block 4, a plurality of buffer grooves 11 are uniformly distributed on the movable brake block 4 along the circumferential direction, the plurality of buffer grooves 11 are positioned between the annular contact area and the locking area of the annular gasket 10, when the movable brake block 4 receives the clamping force, the surface can have an elastic deformation space, and when the movable brake block 4 loses the locking force, the gap between the movable brake block 4 and the first end surface 521 is unchanged by virtue of the elastic deformation force, the rotating precision of the dividing plate is ensured, and the braking effect of the dynamic brake block 4 is improved.

Specifically, buffer slot 11 includes first cell body 111 and a plurality of second cell bodies 112 with first cell body 111 intercommunication, and first cell body 111 is the circular arc structure, and sets up along the circumferencial direction of moving brake block 4, and the directional centre of a circle that moves brake block 4 of a plurality of second cell bodies 112 sets up, and through moving brake block 4 on buffer slot 11 sets up, plays certain cushioning effect to brake braking through elastic deformation, has improved the accuracy of brake.

In the braking process of the indexing plate, after the indexing plate rotates to a set angle, the control system controls the injection of hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic oil cavity 511a through a plurality of oil ways on the base 1 through the corresponding oil inlet holes 513, the oil pressure generated in the hydraulic oil cavity 511a pushes the piston 6, and is pressed against the dynamic brake pad 4, the dynamic brake pad 4 is clamped by the first end surface 521 of the fixed brake block 52 and the piston 6, the surface of the grid 9 on the dynamic brake block 4 is tightly contacted with the surface of the grid 9 on the fixed brake block 52 to realize the braking of the graduated disk, when the dial is required to be rotated, the hydraulic oil stops being injected into the hydraulic oil chamber 511a, the pressure of the hydraulic oil chamber 511a disappears, the elastic member 8 provided in the housing groove 7 pushes the piston 6 in the opposite direction with respect to the clamping force, the hydraulic oil is discharged from the oil passage on the base 1 along the oil inlet hole 513, and the switching from the clamping braking to the initial state is realized. According to the invention, the fixed brake component 5 and the dynamic brake block 4 realize braking of the distributing disc through the piston 6, and the single hydraulic oil cavity 511a is matched with the elastic part 8, so that the piston 6 slides in the sliding cavity, the structure is compact, the installation space is saved, and the braking effect is improved.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A graduated disk brake structure comprises a base (1), a main shaft (2) and a workbench (3), wherein the main shaft (2) drives the workbench (3) to rotate relative to the base (1), and is characterized in that a movable brake pad (4) is arranged on the main shaft (2), a fixed brake component (5) is arranged in a placing cavity of the base (1), the fixed brake component (5) is provided with a sliding cavity, a piston (6) is arranged in the sliding cavity, a gap is formed between the piston (6) and a first end face (521) of the sliding cavity, the movable brake pad (4) is arranged in the gap, the piston (6) is tightly attached to a second end face (511) of the sliding cavity, an oil cavity (511a) is arranged on the second end face (511), and a containing groove (7) is arranged between the piston (6) and the first end face (521), elastic parts (8) are arranged in the two opposite accommodating grooves (7), and after the piston (6) is pressurized in the hydraulic oil cavity (511a), the piston (6) and the first end surface (521) clamp the dynamic brake pad (4).

2. The graduated disk brake structure according to claim 1, wherein the fixed brake assembly (5) comprises a fixed seat (51) and a fixed brake block (52), the fixed seat (51) is fixedly arranged on the base (1), the fixed brake block (52) is fixedly arranged on the fixed seat (51), a stepped hole is formed in the fixed seat (51), a stepped shaft is arranged on the piston (6), a first stepped surface (61) of the stepped shaft is in contact with the second end surface (511), a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface of the stepped hole in contact with the stepped shaft are both provided with double-layer annular grooves (512), and a sealing ring is arranged in each double-layer annular groove (512).

3. The graduated disc brake structure according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic oil chamber (511a) is an annular structure, the fixed seat (51) is provided with a plurality of oil inlets (513) along the circumferential direction, the plurality of oil inlets (513) are communicated with the hydraulic oil chamber (511a), and the section of the hydraulic oil chamber (511a) is in a trapezoidal structure and gradually expands along the direction of clamping the movable brake pad (4).

4. The graduated disc brake structure according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of oil passages are provided on the base (1), and the plurality of oil passages correspond to the plurality of oil inlet holes (513) one by one.

5. Graduated disc brake structure according to claim 1, wherein the resilient member (8) is a spring, and the receiving groove (7) is adapted to the spring.

6. The graduated disc brake structure according to claim 1, wherein the fixed brake block (52) is in annular contact with the dynamic brake pad (4), and the annular contact areas of the fixed brake block (52) and the dynamic brake pad (4) are provided with grids (9).

7. The graduated disc brake actuation structure according to claim 6, wherein the grid (9) is laser machined.

8. Graduated disc brake structure according to claim 6, wherein the dynamic brake pads (4) are locked with the spindle (2) by means of a plurality of annular shims (10).

9. The graduated disc brake structure according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of buffer grooves (11) are uniformly distributed on the brake pad (4) along the circumferential direction, and the buffer grooves (11) are located between the annular contact area and the annular gasket (10) locking area.

10. The graduated disc brake structure according to claim 9, wherein the buffer groove (11) comprises a first groove body (111) and a plurality of second groove bodies (112) communicated with the first groove body (111), the first groove body (111) is of an arc structure and is arranged along the circumferential direction of the dynamic brake pad (4), and the plurality of second groove bodies (112) are intersected with the first groove body (111) and point to the direction of the center of the dynamic brake pad (4).