CN113914891A - Pre-empty soft rock roadway supporting structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Pre-empty soft rock roadway supporting structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113914891A CN113914891A CN202111083620.2A CN202111083620A CN113914891A CN 113914891 A CN113914891 A CN 113914891A CN 202111083620 A CN202111083620 A CN 202111083620A CN 113914891 A CN113914891 A CN 113914891A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 37
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/20—Special cross- sections, e.g. corrugated
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/02—Suspension devices for tubes or the like, e.g. for ventilating ducts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G9/00—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water
- H02G9/08—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water in tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soft rock roadway support, and particularly relates to a pre-hollow soft rock roadway support structure and a construction method thereof The cover plate can safely and effectively utilize the bottom angle space of the steel arch frame, and the laying difficulty of pipelines and power cables is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soft rock roadway support, and particularly relates to a pre-hollow soft rock roadway support structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
Along with the expansion of the coal mining range, the mining depth is continuously increased, the mining condition is more and more difficult, and particularly, the superposition pressure brought to roadway support by the self expansion of soft rock coal under large burial depth, complex structure and mining stress is always a difficult problem troubling the coal mine roadway support. Because these pressures have time to vary in speed, magnitude and direction, they are non-equal, non-uniform combinations of superimposed pressures. The roadway support can be repeatedly damaged under the action of the uneven superposition pressure, and the stability of the roadway is difficult to ensure by the conventional support technology. The roadway support is unstable, the safety production during the mine construction period is influenced, and potential safety hazards are brought to the later normal use.
The pre-empting technology is a technical measure aiming at the reality of weak rock and coal body tunnels with large rheology and expansibility and according to the section specification designed according to the functional requirements of the tunnels, a certain space is reserved in advance to promote the complex superposed stress in the surrounding rock bodies to be released when the tunnel space is excavated so as to achieve the purpose that a secondary stress field initially forms a balanced state. Because a large amount of convergence deformation is inevitable during the primary formation of the secondary stress field equilibrium state of the surrounding rock, if a certain space is reserved in advance, the pressure of the surrounding rock is released before the support measures are implemented, and a solid treatment foundation can be provided for the next procedure.
Two bottom corners of a U-shaped support frame widely adopted in a traditional supporting structure are intersection points of stress transfer, stand points for generating a sharp angle effect sensitive area and surrounding rock vectors supported by a roadway, the stress concentration condition is easy to occur, and the damage of the roadway can be accelerated after the deformation of the bottom corners of the wall walls, so that the ideal supporting effect cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Two bottom corners of a U-shaped support frame widely adopted in a traditional supporting structure are intersection points of stress transfer, stand points for generating a sharp angle effect sensitive area and surrounding rock vectors supported by a roadway, the stress concentration condition is easy to occur, and the damage of the roadway can be accelerated after the deformation of the bottom corners of the wall walls, so that the ideal supporting effect cannot be achieved. The invention provides a pre-hollow soft rock roadway supporting structure and a construction method thereof, wherein an approximately triangular supporting surface consisting of a steel arch frame and a V-shaped frame is good in stress balance and strong in supporting force on surrounding rocks, and a connecting plate and a cover plate which are opened by using special tools can safely and effectively utilize the bottom corner space of the steel arch frame and reduce the laying difficulty of pipelines and power cables.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a pre-empty soft rock roadway supporting structure comprises a roadway, wherein a connecting plate and a steel arch frame are arranged on the inner surface of the roadway, a bottom plate is paved at the bottom of the roadway, a gangue backfill layer is paved below the bottom plate, a reinforcing groove is formed in roadway surrounding rock below the gangue backfill layer, a base angle pressure relief groove is formed in a base angle of the roadway, concrete is sprayed in the base angle pressure relief groove and the reinforcing groove, the bottom end of the steel arch frame and two ends of a V-shaped frame are fixedly arranged in the base angle pressure relief groove, the middle end of the V-shaped frame is fixedly arranged in the reinforcing groove, a grouting layer is arranged on the surrounding rock surface of the roadway, a prestressed anchor rod and an anchor rope are fixedly arranged in the grouting layer, a steel wire rope net is hung on the prestressed anchor rod and the anchor rope, a concrete sealing layer is sprayed on the inner side of the steel wire rope net, a clamping plate is fixedly connected with a clamping plate in a clamping manner, the top end of the clamping plate is fixedly connected with a cover plate through a connecting bolt, and a gas and water pipeline system and a power cable system are respectively arranged between the cover plate and the connecting plate at the two sides of the roadway.
The steel arch is matched with the surface of surrounding rock of the roadway and arranged in the roadway, the steel arch comprises an arch structure at the top and vertical parts with two sides tangent to the arch structure, the included angle between the vertical parts at the two sides of the steel arch and the two ends of the V-shaped frame is 90 degrees, and the height of the middle end of the V-shaped frame is lower than the heights of the left end and the right end; the steel arch frame and the V-shaped frame can be matched to form an approximately triangular supporting surface, the supporting stress balance is good, and the supporting force to surrounding rocks can be effectively increased.
Wherein, the steel arch frame is an I-shaped steel structure.
The number of the V-shaped frames is the same as that of the steel arches, each V-shaped frame is composed of two vertical steel materials which are crossed with each other, and the crossed part of the two vertical steel materials which are crossed with each other is the middle end of the V-shaped frame; the V-shaped frame can simultaneously bear the external tension generated by the steel arch frame caused by the pressure below and the downward pressing of the roadway top wall, and the outward movement of the bottom angle of the steel arch frame is limited.
The connecting plate is composed of a plurality of W-shaped steel belts which are arranged at equal intervals along the wall of the roadway wall in an equal sequence, the longitudinal section of the clamping plate is of a V-shaped structure, and a convex block structure which is matched and clamped in a groove of the connecting plate is fixedly arranged on the side face of one end of the clamping plate; the connecting plate composed of a plurality of W-shaped steel strips can improve the supporting strength of the wall of the upper wall on one hand, and can also connect a plurality of prestressed anchor rods together on the other hand, so that the supporting strength is further improved.
The side face of the connecting plate is attached to the outer side face of the steel arch frame, and the cover plate is of a channel steel structure; the right trapezoid structure formed by the connecting plate and the cover plate can effectively utilize the bottom angle space of the steel arch frame and reduce the laying difficulty of a pipeline system and a power cable system.
The device comprises a cover plate, a pipe clamp, a support piece, a plurality of fixing bolts, a plurality of pipe clamps, a plurality of fixing bolts and a plurality of fixing bolts, wherein the plurality of fixing bolts are matched with the plurality of fixing bolts; the support piece can cooperate the apron to support the gas, water pipeline of installing in the pipe strap jointly, and support piece can improve the support intensity of apron simultaneously.
The anti-disassembly pipe is welded on the top surface of the cover plate on the periphery of the internal thread through hole; the tamper evident tube is used to limit personnel access to the open/spanner tool for turning the attachment bolt.
The anti-dismantling mechanism comprises a connecting bolt, an anti-dismantling stop block, a connecting bolt and a connecting bolt, wherein the head end of the connecting bolt is welded with the anti-dismantling stop block, the anti-dismantling stop block is a three-fork star-shaped mechanism with a claw end vertically downward, the diameter of an inscribed circle where the outer side surface of the claw end of the anti-dismantling stop block is located is larger than that of the head end of the connecting bolt, and the inner side surface of the claw end of the anti-dismantling stop block is in sliding fit with the vertical side surface of the head end of the connecting bolt; the low-cost location that the dog can be quick of preventing tearing open is installed on connecting bolt, makes ordinary solid mouthful of spanner can not the suit at connecting bolt's head end to open the apron, effectively avoid non professional to contact pipeline, electric power system.
The inner wall of the anti-disassembly pipe is connected with the outer side face of the rotating sleeve in a sliding mode, the bottom face of the rotating sleeve is provided with a groove body matched with the head end of the connecting bolt and the vertical projection of the anti-disassembly stop block on the horizontal plane in shape, and the top face of the rotating sleeve is fixedly connected with an L-shaped rod; the connecting bolt connected in an integrated manner can be conveniently screwed and the anti-disassembly stop block can be conveniently screwed by using the specially manufactured rotating sleeve, so that the pipeline and the power system are maintained.
A construction method of a pre-empty soft rock roadway supporting structure comprises the following steps:
s1, when a roadway is excavated, the boundary line of two sides of the roadway is used as a pressure relief groove symmetry line, two rectangular bottom corner pressure relief grooves are excavated on two bottom feet of the roadway, rectangular reinforcing grooves are excavated at the bottom of the roadway on the two bottom corner pressure relief groove symmetry lines, a groove for laying and installing a V-shaped frame is excavated between the bottom corner pressure relief grooves and the reinforcing grooves, and the horizontal included angle between the groove for embedding the V-shaped frame and the bottom corner pressure relief grooves and the reinforcing grooves is 90 degrees.
S2, when the tunnel is tunneled, anchor rod holes are drilled in the top of the tunnel and surrounding rocks, prestressed anchor rods and anchor cables are installed, a steel wire rope net is hung on the surface of the surrounding rocks, connecting plates are arranged, then steel arches and V-shaped frames are arranged, broken and argillized rocks are cleaned, and initial spraying operation is carried out according to specific geological conditions of the pre-empty soft rock tunnel to form concrete sealing layer closed surrounding rocks.
S3, fixing the bottom of the roadway, spraying concrete in the bottom corner pressure relief groove and the reinforcing groove, and after the concrete reaches a certain strength, firmly connecting the steel arch frame and the V-shaped frame into a whole to enhance the overall supporting effect.
And S4, backfilling waste rock, forming a waste rock backfill layer with a smooth surface at the bottom of the roadway, paving a bottom plate on the waste rock backfill layer, and then connecting a cover plate with a built-in power cable with a connecting plate at one side of the roadway.
S5, fixedly mounting a cover plate connecting support piece of a gas pipeline and a water pipeline through a pipe clamp, connecting the cover plate with a connecting plate on the other side of the roadway, sleeving a rotating sleeve at the head end of the connecting bolt and the outer side of the anti-disassembly stop block when the cover plate and the connecting plate are connected, and screwing the connecting bolt into a threaded hole in the connecting plate by rotating the L-shaped rod.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the steel arch frame and the V-shaped frame can be matched to form an approximately triangular supporting surface, the supporting force balance is good, the supporting force to the surrounding rock can be effectively increased, the V-shaped frame can simultaneously bear the pressure below and the external tension generated by the steel arch frame due to the fact that the roadway top side is pressed downwards, and the outward movement of the bottom corner of the steel arch frame is limited; the connecting plate composed of a plurality of W-shaped steel strips can improve the supporting strength of the wall of the upper wall on one hand, and can also connect a plurality of prestressed anchor rods together on the other hand, so that the supporting strength is further improved.
The right-angle trapezoidal structure formed by the connecting plates and the cover plate can effectively utilize the bottom angle space of the steel arch frame and reduce the laying difficulty of a pipeline system and a power cable system; the supporting piece can be matched with the cover plate to support the air and water pipelines arranged in the pipe clamp together, and meanwhile, the supporting piece can improve the supporting strength of the cover plate; the anti-disassembly pipe is used for limiting personnel to use an opening/shifting wrench tool to rotate the connecting bolt; the anti-dismantling stop block with low cost can be quickly positioned and installed on the connecting bolt, so that a common solid wrench cannot be sleeved at the head end of the connecting bolt, the cover plate is opened, and non-professional personnel are effectively prevented from contacting a pipeline and an electric power system; the connecting bolt connected in an integrated manner can be conveniently screwed and the anti-disassembly stop block can be conveniently screwed by using the specially manufactured rotating sleeve, so that the pipeline and the power system are maintained.
The parts of the device not involved are the same as or can be implemented using prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a connecting plate and a cover plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a connecting bolt and a tamper stop according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the tamper evidence block of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the rotating sleeve and L-shaped rod of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a roadway; 2. a steel arch frame; 3. a bottom corner pressure relief groove; 4. a V-shaped frame; 5. a base plate; 6. a waste rock backfill layer; 7. a reinforcing groove; 8. a wire rope mesh; 9. a pre-stressed anchor rod; 10. an anchor cable; 11. sealing the concrete layer; 12. grouting layer; 13. a connecting plate; 14. a cover plate; 15. a connecting bolt; 16. the pipe is prevented from being disassembled; 17. a tamper-evident stop; 18. rotating the sleeve; 19. an L-shaped rod; 20. a clamping and connecting plate; 21. fixing the bolt; 22. a pipe clamp; 23. and a support member.
Detailed Description
In this embodiment: referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a soft rock roadway support structure in advance, includes tunnel (1), connecting plate (13) and steel bow member (2) have been arranged to the internal surface in tunnel (1), bottom plate (5) have been laid to the bottom in tunnel (1), waste rock backfill layer (6) have been laid to the below of bottom plate (5), it adds reinforcing groove (7) to open in the tunnel country rock of waste rock backfill layer (6) below, base angle decompression groove (3) have been seted up to the base angle in tunnel (1), the spraying has concrete in base angle decompression groove (3) and reinforcing groove (7), the bottom of steel bow member (2) and the both ends of V type frame (4) are all fixed to be set up in base angle decompression groove (3), the middle-end of V type frame (4) is fixed to be set up in reinforcing groove (7), the country rock face in tunnel (1) is equipped with grouting layer (12), fixed mounting has prestressed anchorage pole (9) and anchor rope (10) in grouting layer (12), the prestressed anchor rod (9) and the anchor cable (10) are hung with a steel wire rope net (8), the inner side of the steel wire rope net (8) is sprayed with a concrete seal layer (11), a clamping plate (20) is fixedly clamped on a connecting plate (13), the top end of the clamping plate (20) is fixedly connected with a cover plate (14) through a connecting bolt (15), and a gas pipeline system, a water pipeline system and a power cable system are respectively installed between the cover plate (14) and the connecting plate (13) of two sides of the roadway.
The steel arch (2) is matched with the surrounding rock surface of the roadway (1) and arranged inside the roadway (1), the steel arch (2) consists of an arch structure at the top and vertical parts with two sides tangent to the arch structure, the included angle between the vertical parts at the two sides of the steel arch (2) and the two ends of the V-shaped frame (4) is 90 degrees, and the height of the middle end of the V-shaped frame (4) is lower than that of the left end and the right end; the steel arch frame (2) and the V-shaped frame (4) can be matched to form an approximately triangular supporting surface, the supporting stress balance is good, and the supporting force to surrounding rocks can be effectively increased.
The steel arch frame (2) is of an I-shaped steel structure.
Example two
The steel arch frame (2) is of a rail steel structure; compared with an I-shaped steel structure, the rail steel support strength is higher.
The number of the V-shaped frames (4) is the same as that of the steel arch frames (2), each V-shaped frame (4) is composed of two vertical steel materials which are crossed with each other, and the intersection of the two vertical steel materials which are crossed with each other is the middle end of the V-shaped frame (4); the V-shaped frame (4) can simultaneously bear the pressure below and the external tension generated by the steel arch frame (2) due to the downward pressing of the roadway top wall, so as to limit the outward movement of the bottom angle of the steel arch frame (2).
EXAMPLE III
The two ends of the V-shaped frame (4) are welded and connected with the bottom corners of the steel arch frame (2), and two steel materials in the V-shaped frame (4) are welded and connected.
Example four
Two ends of the V-shaped frame (4) are fixedly connected with a bottom angle of the steel arch frame (2) through bolts, and two steel materials in the V-shaped frame (4) are fixedly connected with each other through bolts; the welding/bolts can increase the connecting strength of the steel arch frame (2) and the V-shaped frame (4), thereby enhancing the supporting strength of the roadway (1).
The connecting plate (13) is composed of a plurality of W-shaped steel belts which are arranged at equal intervals along the wall of the roadway wall, the longitudinal section of the clamping plate (20) is of a V-shaped structure, and a convex block structure which is matched and clamped in a groove of the connecting plate (13) is fixedly arranged on the side face of one end of the clamping plate (20); the connecting plate (13) composed of a plurality of W-shaped steel strips can improve the supporting strength of the wall of the upper wall on one hand, and can also connect a plurality of prestressed anchor rods (9) together on the other hand to further improve the supporting strength.
The side surface of the connecting plate (13) is attached to the outer side surface of the steel arch frame (2), and the cover plate (14) is of a channel steel structure; the right-angle trapezoidal structure composed of the connecting plate (13) and the cover plate (14) can effectively utilize the bottom angle space of the steel arch (2), and the laying difficulty of a pipeline system and a power cable system is reduced.
A plurality of through holes matched with and used for installing fixing bolts (21) are formed in a cover plate (14) on one side of the roadway (1) for installing the air and water pipeline system, pipe clamps (22) are installed on the fixing bolts (21), a support piece (23) is installed on the inner side of the cover plate (14) on one side of the roadway (1) for installing the air and water pipeline system in a sliding mode, the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate of the support piece (23) are connected with the inner side surfaces of the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate of the cover plate (14) in a sliding mode, and the through holes matched with and used for installing the fixing bolts (21) are formed in the support piece (23); the support piece (23) can be matched with the cover plate (14) to support the air and water pipelines installed in the pipe clamp (22) together, and meanwhile, the support piece (23) can improve the support strength of the cover plate (14).
An internal thread through hole in threaded connection with a connecting bolt (15) is formed in one end of the top surface of the cover plate (14), and an anti-dismantling pipe (16) is welded on the top surface of the cover plate (14) on the periphery of the internal thread through hole; the tamper evident tube (16) is used to limit personnel access to the open/spanner tool for turning the attachment bolt (15).
An anti-dismantling stop block (17) is welded at the head end of the connecting bolt (15), the anti-dismantling stop block (17) is a three-fork star-shaped mechanism with a claw end vertically downward, the diameter of an inscribed circle where the outer side surface of the claw end of the anti-dismantling stop block (17) is located is larger than that of the head end of the connecting bolt (15), and the inner side surface of the claw end of the anti-dismantling stop block (17) is in sliding fit with the vertical side surface of the head end of the connecting bolt (15); the low-cost anti-dismantling stop block (17) can be quickly positioned and installed on the connecting bolt (15), so that a common solid wrench cannot be sleeved at the head end of the connecting bolt (15), the cover plate (14) is opened, and non-professional personnel are effectively prevented from contacting a pipeline and an electric power system.
The inner wall of the anti-disassembly pipe (16) is connected with the outer side surface of a rotating sleeve (18) in a sliding manner, the bottom surface of the rotating sleeve (18) is provided with a groove body matched with the head end of the connecting bolt (15) and the vertical projection of the anti-disassembly stop block (17) on the horizontal plane in shape, and the top surface of the rotating sleeve (18) is fixedly connected with an L-shaped rod (19); the connecting bolt (15) and the anti-disassembly stop block (17) which are integrally connected can be conveniently screwed by using the specially manufactured rotating sleeve (18), so that the pipeline and the power system can be maintained.
A construction method of a pre-empty soft rock roadway supporting structure comprises the following steps:
s1, when the roadway (1) is tunneled, the boundary line of two sides of the roadway is used as a pressure relief groove symmetrical line, two rectangular bottom corner pressure relief grooves (3) are dug on two bottom feet of the roadway, rectangular reinforcing grooves (7) are dug at the bottom of the roadway on the symmetrical line of the two bottom corner pressure relief grooves (3), grooves for laying and installing V-shaped frames (4) are dug between the bottom corner pressure relief grooves (3) and the reinforcing grooves (7), and the horizontal included angle between the grooves for embedding the V-shaped frames (4) and the bottom corner pressure relief grooves (3) and the reinforcing grooves (7) is 90 degrees.
S2, when a roadway (1) is tunneled, anchor rod holes are drilled in the top of the roadway (1) and surrounding rocks, pre-stressed anchor rods (9) and anchor cables (10) are installed, a steel wire rope net (8) is hung on the surrounding rock surface, connecting plates (13) are arranged, then steel arch frames (2) and V-shaped frames (4) are arranged, broken and argillized rocks are cleaned, and initial spraying operation is carried out to form a concrete seal (11) to seal the surrounding rocks according to specific geological conditions of a pre-empty soft rock roadway.
S3, fixing the bottom of the roadway (1), spraying concrete in the bottom corner pressure relief groove (3) and the reinforcing groove (7), and after the concrete reaches a certain strength, firmly connecting the steel arch frame (2) and the V-shaped frame (4) into a whole to enhance the overall supporting effect.
S4, performing gangue backfilling, forming a gangue backfill layer (6) with a smooth surface at the bottom of the roadway (1), paving a bottom plate (5) on the gangue backfill layer (6), and then connecting a cover plate (14) with a built-in power cable with a connecting plate (13) on one side of the roadway (1).
S5, connecting a support piece (23) with a cover plate (14) fixedly provided with a gas pipeline and a water pipeline through a pipe clamp (22), then connecting the cover plate (14) with a connecting plate (13) on the other side of the roadway (1), sleeving a rotating sleeve (18) at the head end of a connecting bolt (15) and the outer side of an anti-disassembly stop block (17) when connecting the cover plate (14) with the connecting plate (13), and screwing the connecting bolt (15) into a threaded hole in the connecting plate (13) by rotating an L-shaped rod (19).
EXAMPLE five
S1, when the roadway (1) is excavated, two bottom feet of the roadway are excavated downwards and two sides of the roadway by taking the boundary line of two upper sides of the roadway as a symmetrical line of the pressure relief groove.
S2, when a roadway (1) is tunneled, anchor rod holes are drilled in the top of the roadway (1) and surrounding rocks, prestressed anchor rods (9) and anchor cables (10) are installed, a steel wire rope net (8) is hung on the surface of the surrounding rocks, connecting plates (13) are laid, then steel arches (2) and V-shaped frames (4) are laid, the V-shaped frames (4) are installed in grooves dug out of the bottom of the roadway, broken and argillized rocks are cleaned, and a concrete seal layer (11) is formed in the primary spraying operation to seal the surrounding rocks.
S3, fixing the bottom of the roadway (1), pouring concrete at the middle end of the V-shaped frame (4) and the joint of the V-shaped frame (4) and the steel arch (2) along the extending direction of the roadway to form a rectangular cement block which completely wraps the middle end of the V-shaped frame (4) and the joint of the V-shaped frame (4) and the steel arch (2), and firmly connecting the steel arch (2) and the V-shaped frame (4) into a whole after the concrete reaches a certain strength to enhance the overall supporting effect.
S4, performing gangue backfilling, forming a gangue backfill layer (6) with a smooth surface at the bottom of the roadway (1), paving a bottom plate (5) on the gangue backfill layer (6), and then connecting a cover plate (14) with a built-in power cable with a connecting plate (13) on one side of the roadway (1).
S5, connecting a support piece (23) with a cover plate (14) fixedly provided with a gas pipeline and a water pipeline through a pipe clamp (22), then connecting the cover plate (14) with a connecting plate (13) on the other side of the roadway (1), sleeving a rotating sleeve (18) at the head end of a connecting bolt (15) and the outer side of an anti-disassembly stop block (17) when connecting the cover plate (14) with the connecting plate (13), and screwing the connecting bolt (15) into a threaded hole in the connecting plate (13) by rotating an L-shaped rod (19).
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: when a roadway (1) is tunneled, two rectangular bottom corner pressure relief grooves (3) are dug on two bottom feet of the roadway by taking the boundary line of two side edges of the roadway as a pressure relief groove symmetrical line, rectangular reinforcing grooves (7) are dug at the bottom of the roadway on the symmetrical line of the two bottom corner pressure relief grooves (3), grooves for laying and installing V-shaped frames (4) are dug between the bottom corner pressure relief grooves (3) and the reinforcing grooves (7), and the horizontal included angle between the grooves for embedding the V-shaped frames (4) and the bottom corner pressure relief grooves (3) and the reinforcing grooves (7) is 90 degrees; when a roadway (1) is tunneled, anchor rod holes are drilled in the top of the roadway (1) and surrounding rocks, prestressed anchor rods (9) and anchor cables (10) are installed, a steel wire rope net (8) is hung on the surface of the surrounding rocks, connecting plates (13) are arranged, then steel arch frames (2) and V-shaped frames (4) are arranged, broken and argillized rocks are cleaned, and initial spraying operation is carried out to form a concrete seal (11) to seal the surrounding rocks according to specific geological conditions of a pre-empty soft rock roadway; fixing the bottom of the roadway (1), spraying concrete in the bottom corner pressure relief groove (3) and the reinforcing groove (7), and after the concrete reaches a certain strength, firmly connecting the steel arch frame (2) and the V-shaped frame (4) into a whole to enhance the overall supporting effect; performing gangue backfilling, forming a gangue backfill layer (6) with a smooth surface at the bottom of the roadway (1), paving a bottom plate (5) on the gangue backfill layer (6), and then connecting a cover plate (14) with a built-in power cable with a connecting plate (13) at one side of the roadway (1); the cover plate (14) fixedly provided with the air and water pipelines through the pipe clamp (22) is connected with the supporting piece (23), then the cover plate (14) is connected with the connecting plate (13) on the other side of the roadway (1), when the cover plate (14) and the connecting plate (13) are connected, the rotating sleeve (18) is sleeved at the head end of the connecting bolt (15) and the outer side of the anti-disassembly stop block (17), and the L-shaped rod (19) is rotated to screw the connecting bolt (15) into the threaded hole in the connecting plate (13).
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a soft rock roadway support structure in advance which characterized in that: the device comprises a roadway, wherein a connecting plate and a steel arch frame are arranged on the inner surface of the roadway, a bottom plate is paved at the bottom of the roadway, a waste rock backfill layer is paved below the bottom plate, a reinforcing groove is formed in roadway surrounding rock below the waste rock backfill layer, a base angle pressure relief groove is formed in a base angle of the roadway, concrete is sprayed in the base angle pressure relief groove and the reinforcing groove, the bottom end of the steel arch frame and two ends of a V-shaped frame are fixedly arranged in the base angle pressure relief groove, the middle end of the V-shaped frame is fixedly arranged in the reinforcing groove, a grouting layer is arranged on the surrounding rock surface of the roadway, a prestressed anchor rod and an anchor rope are fixedly arranged in the grouting layer, a steel wire rope net is hung on the prestressed anchor rod and the anchor rope, a concrete seal layer is sprayed on the inner side of the steel wire rope net, a clamping plate is fixedly connected with the connecting plate in a clamping manner, and a cover plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the clamping plate through a connecting bolt, and a gas and water pipeline system and a power cable system are respectively arranged between the cover plate and the connecting plate at the two sides of the roadway.
2. The pre-empty soft rock roadway support structure of claim 1, wherein: the steel bow member cooperatees with the country rock surface in tunnel and sets up inside the tunnel, and the steel bow member comprises the domes at top and both sides and the tangent vertical portion of domes, and the vertical portion of steel bow member both sides is 90 with the contained angle at V type frame both ends, and the height at both ends about the middle-end height of V type frame is less than, the steel bow member is I shaped steel structure.
3. The pre-empty soft rock roadway support structure of claim 1, wherein: the number of the V-shaped frames is the same as that of the steel arch frames, the V-shaped frames are composed of two vertical steel materials which are crossed with each other, and the crossed part of the two vertical steel materials which are crossed with each other is the middle end of the V-shaped frame.
4. The pre-empty soft rock roadway support structure of claim 1, wherein: the connecting plate is composed of a plurality of W-shaped steel belts which are installed at equal intervals along the wall of the roadway wall in an equal sequence, the longitudinal section of the clamping plate is of a V-shaped structure, and a convex block structure which is matched and clamped in a groove of the connecting plate is fixedly arranged on the side face of one end of the clamping plate.
5. The pre-empty soft rock roadway support structure of claim 1, wherein: the lateral surface laminating steel bow member of connecting plate, the apron is the channel-section steel structure.
6. The pre-empty soft rock roadway support structure of claim 1, wherein: the fixing bolt is provided with a pipe clamp, the inner side of the cover plate on one side of the roadway is provided with a support piece in a sliding manner, the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate of the support piece are in sliding connection with the inner side surfaces of the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate of the cover plate, and the support piece is provided with a through hole for installing the adaptive mounting fixing bolt.
7. The pre-empty soft rock roadway support structure of claim 1, wherein: an internal thread through hole in threaded connection with the connecting bolt is formed in one end of the top surface of the cover plate, and an anti-dismantling pipe is welded on the top surface of the cover plate on the peripheral side of the internal thread through hole.
8. The pre-empty soft rock roadway support structure of claim 1, wherein: the welding of connecting bolt's head end has prevents tearing open the dog, prevent tearing open the dog and be the perpendicular decurrent trident star type mechanism of claw end, prevent tearing open the diameter of the inscribed circle at claw end lateral surface place of dog and be greater than the diameter of connecting bolt head end, prevent tearing open the perpendicular side of claw end medial surface slip laminating connecting bolt head end of dog.
9. The pre-empty soft rock roadway support structure of claim 7, wherein: the inner wall of the anti-dismantling pipe is connected with the outer side face of the rotating sleeve in a sliding mode, the bottom face of the rotating sleeve is provided with a groove body matched with the head end of the connecting bolt and the shape of the vertical projection of the anti-dismantling stop block on the horizontal plane, and the top face of the rotating sleeve is fixedly connected with an L-shaped rod.
10. A construction method of a pre-empty soft rock roadway support structure, the construction method being applied to the pre-empty soft rock roadway support structure of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, when a roadway is tunneled, taking the boundary line of two sides of the roadway as a pressure relief groove symmetry line, excavating two rectangular bottom corner pressure relief grooves on two bottom feet of the roadway, excavating rectangular reinforcing grooves at the bottom of the roadway on the two bottom corner pressure relief groove symmetry lines, excavating a groove for laying and installing a V-shaped frame between the bottom corner pressure relief grooves and the reinforcing grooves, and setting the horizontal included angle between the groove for embedding the V-shaped frame and the bottom corner pressure relief grooves and the reinforcing grooves to be 90 degrees;
s2, when a roadway is tunneled, anchor rod holes are drilled in the top of the roadway and surrounding rocks, prestressed anchor rods and anchor cables are installed, a steel wire rope net is hung on the surface of the surrounding rocks, connecting plates are arranged, then steel arches and V-shaped frames are arranged, broken and argillized rocks are cleaned, and initial spraying operation is carried out to form concrete sealing layer closed surrounding rocks according to specific geological conditions of the pre-empty soft rock roadway;
s3, fixing the bottom of the roadway, spraying concrete in the bottom corner pressure relief groove and the reinforcing groove, and after the concrete reaches a certain strength, firmly connecting the steel arch frame and the V-shaped frame into a whole to enhance the overall supporting effect;
s4, performing gangue backfilling, forming a gangue backfill layer with a smooth surface at the bottom of the roadway, paving a bottom plate on the gangue backfill layer, and then connecting a cover plate with a built-in power cable with a connecting plate at one side of the roadway;
s5, fixedly mounting a cover plate connecting support piece of a gas pipeline and a water pipeline through a pipe clamp, connecting the cover plate with a connecting plate on the other side of the roadway, sleeving a rotating sleeve at the head end of the connecting bolt and the outer side of the anti-disassembly stop block when the cover plate and the connecting plate are connected, and screwing the connecting bolt into a threaded hole in the connecting plate by rotating the L-shaped rod.
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