CN113914822B - Shock wave discharge electrode, shock wave emitter and unblocking system suitable for unblocking - Google Patents
Shock wave discharge electrode, shock wave emitter and unblocking system suitable for unblocking Download PDFInfo
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- CN113914822B CN113914822B CN202111116623.1A CN202111116623A CN113914822B CN 113914822 B CN113914822 B CN 113914822B CN 202111116623 A CN202111116623 A CN 202111116623A CN 113914822 B CN113914822 B CN 113914822B
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MEOSMFUUJVIIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [W].[C] Chemical compound [W].[C] MEOSMFUUJVIIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a shock discharge electrode, a shock emitter and a deblocking system suitable for deblocking, which comprises: an electrode fixing cylinder; the negative electrode base is fixedly arranged in the electrode fixing cylinder and is provided with a negative electrode; an insulator which is installed in the electrode fixing cylinder, and an electrode connecting rod for connecting a power supply is arranged in the insulator; and the positive electrode is partially arranged in the insulator and is electrically connected with the electrode connecting rod, the positive electrode is provided with a discharge part exposed out of the insulator, the discharge part is ellipsoidal, and the discharge part is opposite to the negative electrode. The shock discharge electrode, the shock emitter and the unblocking system are suitable for unblocking, can excite periodic pressure waves and strong electromagnetic fields to an oil layer, remove the pollution of the oil layer by utilizing the cavitation effect, cause microcracks to a stratum, remove the blockage of a perforation position, further enhance the permeability of crude oil and avoid polluting the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil well blocking removal and yield increase, in particular to a shock wave discharge electrode, a shock wave transmitter and a blocking removal system suitable for blocking removal.
Background
At present, in the petroleum drilling and production process, due to mud invasion pollution in the drilling process and sand and cement in an oil-water mixture, pores of an oil-bearing layer of an oil well are blocked or an oil-water seepage channel is narrowed after the oil well is mined and operated for a long time, so that the oil yield of the oil well is gradually reduced, and even production stopping occurs.
In the related art, conventional oil well plugging removal and production increase means generally comprise chemical plugging removal, pressure plugging removal, ultrasonic plugging removal and the like. Among them, the method of fracturing unblocking and chemical unblocking is eliminated by steps because of complex implementation process and the ecological problems (such as groundwater pollution) that bring about limit the wide application of the method. Although the ultrasonic blocking removal method is simple in structure, powerful ultrasonic waves are difficult to generate in a deep well environment with high static pressure, so that the blocking removal effect is not obvious.
Therefore, there is a need to design a new shock discharge electrode and shock emitter, shock emitter and deblocking system suitable for deblocking to overcome the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a shock wave discharge electrode, a shock wave emitter and a blocking removal system suitable for blocking removal, which are used for solving the problems that the method for pressure blocking removal and chemical blocking removal in the related technology is easy to bring ecological problems, and the method for ultrasonic blocking removal is difficult to generate powerful ultrasonic waves in a deep well environment with high static pressure.
In a first aspect, there is provided a shock discharge electrode adapted for unblocking, comprising: an electrode fixing cylinder; the negative electrode base is fixedly arranged in the electrode fixing cylinder and is provided with a negative electrode; an insulator which is installed in the electrode fixing cylinder, and an electrode connecting rod for connecting a power supply is arranged in the insulator; and the positive electrode is partially arranged in the insulator and is electrically connected with the electrode connecting rod, the positive electrode is provided with a discharge part exposed out of the insulator, the discharge part is ellipsoidal, and the discharge part is opposite to the negative electrode.
In some embodiments, a mounting portion is disposed on a side of the electrode connecting rod, which is close to the negative electrode, the mounting portion has an inner cavity, and one end of the positive electrode, which is far away from the negative electrode, is inserted into the inner cavity.
In some embodiments, a dual-stage O-ring seal is disposed between the outer surface of the mounting portion and the insulator.
In some embodiments, the insulator comprises: an electrode insulating layer which is coated outside the electrode connecting rod; and the electrode insulation sleeve is coated outside the positive electrode, and the electrode insulation sleeve is coated outside the electrode insulation sleeve.
In some embodiments, a rubber gasket is arranged between the electrode insulating layer and the electrode insulating sleeve, and the rubber gasket is sleeved outside the electrode connecting rod and is positioned at the joint of the electrode connecting rod and the electrode insulating sleeve; and a silica gel pad is arranged at the contact part of the electrode insulating layer and the electrode connecting rod.
In some embodiments, a first lock nut is fixedly arranged in the electrode insulation sleeve, and the first lock nut is clamped between the electrode connecting rod and the electrode insulation sleeve; the positive electrode part is inserted into the electrode connecting rod, the positive electrode is in contact with the electrode connecting rod, and sequentially penetrates through the first locking nut and the electrode insulating sleeve to enable the positive electrode to be exposed out of the electrode insulating sleeve, and the positive electrode is in threaded connection with the first locking nut.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode base is fixed on the electrode fixing cylinder through a locking screw, and a second locking nut is fixedly arranged in the negative electrode base; the negative electrode penetrates through the negative electrode base and the second locking nut, and the negative electrode is in threaded connection with the second locking nut.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode has an end face opposite the positive electrode, the end face being planar.
In a second aspect, there is provided a shock transmitter comprising: a high voltage conversion power supply for converting a low voltage into a high voltage; the high-temperature energy storage capacitor is connected with the high-voltage conversion power supply to enable the high-voltage conversion power supply to charge the high-temperature energy storage capacitor; and the shock wave discharge electrode suitable for blocking removal is connected with the high-temperature energy storage capacitor through the pulse power supply body, and the pulse power supply body is used for electrically conducting the electrode connecting rod of the shock wave discharge electrode with the high-temperature energy storage capacitor when the voltage of the high-temperature energy storage capacitor reaches a preset voltage value.
In a third aspect, there is provided a unblocking system comprising: the power supply is connected with the variable frequency control cabinet; and the shock wave transmitter is connected with the variable frequency control cabinet through a transmission cable.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The embodiment of the invention provides a shock wave discharge electrode, a shock wave emitter and a unblocking system suitable for unblocking, wherein the shock wave discharge electrode is provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode which are opposite to each other, when the positive electrode is powered on, electric quantity is instantly released between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a high-voltage pulse current with a certain frequency can be generated in a well filled with an oil-water mixture, so that a periodic pressure wave and a strong electromagnetic field are excited to an oil layer, the pollution of the oil layer is relieved by utilizing the generated cavitation effect, microcracks are caused to a stratum, and the blockage of a perforation position is relieved, so that the permeability of crude oil is enhanced, and the pollution to the environment is avoided; the discharge part of the positive electrode is in an elliptic sphere shape, so that the part of the positive electrode, which leaves a point of the positive electrode exposed in the liquid, is in a smaller needle point shape, the interelectrode resistance is greatly improved, the discharge distance can be greatly improved, the electric field intensity near the positive electrode is greatly increased under the same voltage, the elliptic sphere shape can better reflect the shock wave, the radial component of the shock wave can be directly transmitted to the well wall, the axial component can be reflected to the radial direction through the hemispherical electrode, and the energy efficiency is fully improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a shock discharge electrode suitable for blocking removal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a working state of a shock discharge electrode for plugging removal in an oil well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a shock discharge electrode suitable for blocking removal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a unblocking system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
100. A shock wave discharge electrode;
1. An electrode fixing cylinder; 2. a negative electrode base; 21. a negative electrode; 22. locking a screw; 3. an insulator; 31. an electrode insulating layer; 311. a step; 32. an electrode insulating sleeve; 33. a rubber gasket; 4. an electrode connecting rod; 41. a mounting part;
5. A positive electrode; 51. a discharge section; 6. a guide steel cylinder; 7. a two-stage O-shaped sealing ring; 8. a first lock nut; 9. a second lock nut;
200. A high voltage switching power supply; 300. a high temperature energy storage capacitor; 400. a pulse power source body; 500. a power supply; 600. a variable frequency control cabinet; 700. a transmission cable; 800. a cable winch; 801. a pulley; 900. a horse tap.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a shock wave discharge electrode, a shock wave emitter and a blocking removal system suitable for blocking removal, which can solve the problem that the method for blocking removal by pressure and chemical blocking removal in the related technology is easy to bring ecological problems, and the method for blocking removal by ultrasonic waves is difficult to generate powerful ultrasonic waves in a deep well environment with high static pressure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a shock discharge electrode 100 for unblocking according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: the electrode fixing cylinder 1 is made of a high-strength metal material, such as 17-4PH alloy, capable of bearing high static pressure and chemical corrosion in the pit and avoiding electrochemical reaction corrosion caused by different metal materials, and the electrode fixing cylinder 1 is preferably cylindrical, and in other embodiments, the electrode fixing cylinder 1 can also be square or other shapes; a negative electrode base 2, which can be fixedly arranged in the electrode fixing cylinder 1, wherein the negative electrode base 2 is provided with a negative electrode 21, that is, the negative electrode 21 is mounted on the negative electrode base 2, and in this embodiment, the negative electrode base 2 is preferably arranged at the lower part of the electrode fixing cylinder 1; an insulator 3 mounted in the electrode fixing cylinder 1, wherein the insulator 3 is preferably disposed at an upper portion of the electrode fixing cylinder 1, and an electrode connecting rod 4 for connecting to a power source is disposed in the insulator 3, wherein the electrode connecting rod 4 is elongated in the embodiment, and the electrode connecting rod 4 can extend into the electrode fixing cylinder 1 from an outside of the electrode fixing cylinder 1; and a positive electrode 5, wherein the positive electrode 5 is partially installed in the insulator 3, and the positive electrode 5 is electrically connected with the electrode connecting rod 4, and the positive electrode 5 can be directly contacted with the electrode connecting rod 4 or indirectly connected with the electrode connecting rod 4, the positive electrode 5 has a discharge portion 51 exposed out of the insulator 3, that is, the positive electrode 5 is partially exposed out of the insulator 3, the insulator 3 is not covered with the discharge portion 51, the discharge portion 51 is in an ellipsoidal shape, and the discharge portion 51 is opposite to the negative electrode 21, in this embodiment, the discharge portion 51 is preferably in a semi-ellipsoidal shape, in other embodiments, the discharge portion 51 can also be in a complete ellipsoidal shape, and a gap is provided between the discharge portion 51 and the negative electrode 21.
Referring to fig. 3, which shows a working principle of the present invention, the shock discharge electrode of the embodiment of the present invention uses the principle of the liquid-electricity effect, since the shock discharge electrode 100 is provided with the positive electrode 5 and the negative electrode 21 which are opposite, a gap is provided between the positive electrode 5 and the negative electrode 21, when the electrode connecting rod 4 is powered on, the electrode connecting rod 4 can rapidly conduct the positive electrode 5 and the power, electric energy is instantaneously applied to the positive electrode 5, the isolation gap between the positive electrode 5 and the negative electrode 21 is connected, so that the electric energy is instantaneously released between the positive electrode 5 and the negative electrode 21, a strong electric spark explosion and a strong shock wave are generated, a high-voltage pulse current with a certain frequency is generated in a well filled with an oil-water mixture at a position opposite to an oil layer through the underground discharge electrode, the strong shock wave generated by the spark explosion of the discharge electrode is utilized to spread in the radial direction to bombard the oil layer perforation compacting layer, throat blockage and pollutant in the near wellbore zone, so that the oil layer perforation compacting layer and the throat blockage and pollutant are vibrated and broken, cavitation (namely, cavities or bubbles in liquid in an oil well can vibrate under the action of pulse shock waves, when the pressure reaches a certain value, the cavities or the bubbles expand rapidly and then are suddenly closed, and shock waves are generated when the cavities or the bubbles are closed), micro cracks are caused to the stratum, and the broken and loosened blockage after the breaking and the vibration is pumped and pushed into a wellbore, so that the effects of removing the oil layer blockage, dredging an oil flow channel and improving the penetration characteristics of the near wellbore zone are achieved, and thus the blockage removal, the increase in yield and the injection are realized. Meanwhile, acoustic energy, electromagnetic field energy and the like generated by electric spark explosion can be transferred to the deep part of an oil layer, so that an oil-water interface is improved, the oil-water migration speed is increased, and the liquid yield of an oil well is increased. The shock wave discharge electrode 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention is based on the liquid-electricity pulse shock wave technology, belongs to a pure physical means, has the advantages of simple structure, good universality, simplicity and convenience in operation, environmental friendliness, controllable energy, multiple shock wave repeated action improving effect, low cost and the like, and can be expanded to the fields of shale gas, coal exploitation and the like.
Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the discharge portion 51 of the positive electrode 5 is in an ellipsoidal shape, so that only a portion of the positive electrode 5 with a needle tip exposed in the liquid is in a smaller needle tip shape, the interelectrode resistance is greatly improved, the discharge distance can be greatly improved under the same voltage, the discharge distance is increased, the easier the discharge is under the same voltage, the better the discharge current effect is, the stronger the shock wave is, the electric field intensity near the positive electrode 5 is greatly increased, the ellipsoidal shape can better reflect the shock wave, the radial component of the shock wave can be directly transmitted to the well wall, the axial component can be reflected to the radial direction through the hemispherical electrode, and the energy efficiency is fully improved.
Further, the lower part of the electrode fixing cylinder 1 may be screw-coupled with a guide steel cylinder 6, wherein the guide steel cylinder 6 is also preferably in an ellipsoidal shape, i.e., the lower end is small and the upper end is large, and the discharge electrode may be guided in the process of entering the oil well.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, a mounting portion 41 is disposed on a side of the electrode connecting rod 4 near the negative electrode 21, that is, the mounting portion 41 is located at a lower portion of the electrode connecting rod 4, the mounting portion 41 has an inner cavity, in this embodiment, the mounting portion 41 is cylindrical, the inner cavity is located at a center of the mounting portion 41, one end of the positive electrode 5, which is far away from the negative electrode 21, is inserted into the inner cavity, wherein a cross section of the inner cavity may be circular, and a portion of the positive electrode 5, which is inserted into the inner cavity, may be cylindrical, so that after the positive electrode 5 is inserted into the inner cavity, tight contact with an inner wall surface of the inner cavity can be ensured, no gap is formed, so that no discharge phenomenon occurs between the positive electrode 5 and the electrode connecting rod 4, and the mounting portion 41 wraps the positive electrode 5, so that a contact area between the electrode connecting rod 4 and the positive electrode connecting rod 4 is increased, and an electrical conduction efficiency between the positive electrode 5 and the electrode connecting rod 4 is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, in some alternative embodiments, a two-stage O-ring 7 is disposed between the outer surface of the mounting portion 41 and the insulator 3, in this embodiment, the two-stage O-ring 7 is sleeved outside the mounting portion 41, the two-stage O-ring 7 can prevent liquid from penetrating into the inner cavity to perform a sealing function, meanwhile, since the two-stage O-ring 7 is clamped between the mounting portion 41 and the insulator 3, the two-stage O-ring 7 performs a sealing function, and can reduce a lateral load generated by vibration of the insulator 3 on the mounting portion 41 during a discharging process, thereby reducing an impact on the electrode connecting rod 4, and when the two-stage O-ring 7 is mounted in the sealing groove, the sealing groove on the mounting portion 41 and the sealing groove on the insulator 3 are positioned on the same horizontal line, so that the two-stage O-ring 7 performs a positioning function.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the insulator 3 may include: the electrode insulating layer 31 may be coated outside the electrode connecting rod 4, in this embodiment, the electrode connecting rod 4 is embedded in a cavity of the electrode insulating layer 31, and the electrode insulating layer 31 is preferably made of PEEK (polyether ether ketone) material, and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, self lubrication and high mechanical strength; an electrode insulating sleeve 32, which can be coated outside the positive electrode 5, and the electrode insulating sleeve 32 is coated outside the electrode insulating layer 31, wherein the electrode insulating sleeve 32 can partially or completely coat the electrode insulating layer 31 to increase the insulating sealing performance of the electrode insulating layer 31, in this embodiment, the electrode insulating sleeve 32 is preferably a rubber sleeve, and is made of a material with high temperature resistance (300 ℃) and heat resistance, oxidation resistance, oil resistance, corrosion resistance and elongation above 200%, and the surface of the electrode insulating sleeve 32 is smooth and can resist the repeated instantaneous mechanical impact of shock waves with high strength; the electrode connecting rod 4 extends downwards to form an electrode insulating layer 31, the electrode insulating sleeve 32 is sleeved on the lower part of the electrode connecting rod 4, and the electrode insulating sleeve 32 extends upwards to cover part of the electrode insulating layer 31. Specifically, the longitudinal section of the lower part of the electrode insulating layer 31 is trapezoid, a trapezoid cavity is formed in the electrode insulating sleeve 32, the shape of the cavity is matched with that of the electrode insulating layer 31, the lower part of the electrode insulating layer 31 can be sleeved with the cavity just in size, in the embodiment, the electrode insulating sleeve 32 and the electrode insulating layer 31 are designed into inclined trapezoid structures, foreign matters can be removed conveniently, and impact strength of shock waves on the electrode insulating sleeve can be reduced; preferably, a step 311 is disposed at a contact position between the outer circumference of the electrode insulating layer 31 and the electrode insulating sleeve 32, and the step 311 contacts with the top surface of the electrode insulating sleeve 32, so that the liquid outside the electrode insulating sleeve 32 can reach the electrode connecting rod 4 only after at least two turns, thereby forming a barrier for the liquid and preventing the liquid from reaching the electrode connecting rod 4 smoothly.
Referring to fig. 1, in some alternative embodiments, a rubber gasket 33 may be disposed between the electrode insulating layer 31 and the electrode insulating sleeve 32, where the rubber gasket 33 is sleeved outside the electrode connecting rod 4 and is located at the junction between the electrode connecting rod 4 and the electrode insulating sleeve 32, that is, in this embodiment, the lower end of the electrode connecting rod 4 may penetrate through the electrode insulating layer 31 and extend downward, so as to facilitate connection with the positive electrode 5, and ensure the contact strength between the electrode connecting rod 4 and the electrode insulating layer 31 and the electrode insulating sleeve 32, and further prevent the contact between the liquid and the electrode connecting rod 4 by disposing the rubber gasket 33 between the electrode insulating layer 31 and the electrode insulating sleeve 32, so as to further enhance the sealing effect, and ensure that part of the electrode connecting rod 4 exposed outside the electrode insulating sleeve 32 is not easy to contact with the liquid; a silica gel pad can be arranged at the contact position of the electrode insulating layer 31 and the electrode connecting rod 4 to play a role of buffering; meanwhile, the contact positions between the electrode insulating layer 31 and the electrode connecting rod 4 are tightly connected, and the contact positions between the electrode insulating layer 31 and the electrode insulating sleeve 32 are also tightly connected, so that the discharge electrode is ensured not to cause explosion in the process of generating shock waves in discharge.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, a first lock nut 8 may be fixed in the electrode insulating sleeve 32, the first lock nut 8 is sandwiched between the electrode connecting rod 4 and the electrode insulating sleeve 32, specifically, a groove may be disposed on a side of the electrode insulating sleeve 32 near the electrode insulating layer 31, the first lock nut 8 is accommodated in the groove, and the first lock nut 8 may be relatively fixed with the electrode insulating sleeve 32; the positive electrode 5 is partially inserted into the electrode connecting rod 4, that is, into the mounting portion 41, so that the positive electrode 5 is in contact with the electrode connecting rod 4, electrical conduction can be achieved, the positive electrode 5 sequentially passes through the first lock nut 8 and the electrode insulation sleeve 32, the positive electrode 5 is exposed out of the electrode insulation sleeve 32, the positive electrode 5 is in threaded connection with the first lock nut 8, that is, the outer surface of the positive electrode 5 can be provided with external threads, so that the positive electrode 5 can be in threaded connection with the first lock nut 8, the positive electrode 5 is locked and fixed at the end portion of the mounting portion 41 through the first lock nut 8, up-and-down movement of the positive electrode 5 can be achieved through the arrangement of the first lock nut 8, the gap between the positive electrode 5 and the negative electrode 21 can be adjusted, when the positive electrode 5 is worn due to multiple discharges, the distance between the positive electrode 5 and the negative electrode 21 can be ensured through adjustment, and meanwhile, the positive electrode 5 is convenient to replace; the discharge voltage level of the shock discharge electrode 100 is adjustable while the service life of the shock discharge electrode 100 is increased.
Referring to fig. 1, in some alternative embodiments, the negative electrode base 2 may be fixed to the electrode fixing cylinder 1 by a locking screw 22, in this embodiment, 7M 8 bolt holes are formed in the negative electrode base 2, including 6 bolt holes located at the periphery of the negative electrode base 2 and distributed in a circular shape, and one bolt hole located at the center of the negative electrode base 2, 7M 8 bolt holes are correspondingly formed in the bottom of the electrode fixing cylinder 1, and the electrode base is fixed to the electrode fixing cylinder 1 by 6 bolts; the second lock nut 9 is fixedly arranged in the negative electrode base 2, the second lock nut 9 is positioned at the right center of the negative electrode base 2 and is opposite to a bolt hole at the right center M8 of the negative electrode base 2, and the second lock nut 9 can be fixed relative to the negative electrode base 2; the negative electrode 21 is arranged through the bolt hole in the center of the negative electrode base 2 and the second locking nut 9 in a penetrating way, and the negative electrode 21 is in threaded connection with the second locking nut 9, so that the negative electrode 21 is fixed in the center of the negative electrode base 2 through the second locking nut 9, and the negative electrode base 2 is detachably connected with the electrode fixing cylinder 1 through the bolt hole arranged on the negative electrode base 2, so that the negative electrode base is convenient to replace; meanwhile, the negative electrode 21 is fixed with the negative electrode base 2 through the second lock nut 9, so that the negative electrode 21 can move up and down, the gap between the positive electrode 5 and the negative electrode 21 is adjusted, and meanwhile, the negative electrode 21 is convenient to replace.
Referring to fig. 1, in some alternative embodiments, the negative electrode 21 has an end face opposite to the positive electrode 5, and the end face is a plane, that is, the face of the positive electrode 5 opposite to the negative electrode 21 is an ellipsoid, and the face of the negative electrode 21 opposite to the positive electrode 5 is a plane; in this embodiment, the positive electrode 5 is designed into an ellipsoid, which is favorable for weakening the impact of the impact wave on the positive electrode 5, so as to reduce the failure rate of the electrode insulation sleeve 32 being shattered, and the negative electrode 21 is designed into a plane, so that the tip part can be prevented from being partially burned in the discharging process, and the service life can be prevented from being influenced.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the electrode insulating sleeve 32, the electrode connecting rod 4, the electrode insulating layer 31, the positive electrode 5, the negative electrode 21 and the negative electrode base 2 are all coaxially arranged, and the materials of the positive electrode 5 and the negative electrode 21 are made of high-hardness carbon tungsten alloy, so that the electrode insulating sleeve has strong electric corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, insolubility in water, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, and good stability.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a shock transmitter, which may include: a high voltage conversion power supply 200 for converting a low voltage into a high voltage, that is, the high voltage conversion power supply 200 is connected to the low voltage power supply and converts the low voltage of the low voltage power supply into a high voltage output; the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 may be connected to the high-voltage conversion power supply 200, so that the high-voltage conversion power supply 200 may transmit a high voltage to the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 to charge the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300, and the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 may store electric energy; and the above-mentioned shock discharge electrode 100 suitable for blocking removal, it can be connected with said high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 through the pulse power source body 400, the said pulse power source body 400 is used for when the voltage of the said high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 reaches the preset voltage value, electrically conduct the electrode connecting rod 4 of the said shock discharge electrode 100 with said high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300, make the energy stored in the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 apply to the shock discharge electrode 100 in the moment, the isolation gap between positive electrode 5 and negative electrode 21 in the shock discharge electrode 100 is switched on, and then the electric energy stored in the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 is released in the moment of both ends of positive electrode 5 and negative electrode 21, produce the electric spark; the high-voltage conversion power supply 200, the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300, the pulse power supply body 400 and the shock wave discharge electrode 100 can be sequentially and coaxially connected through a special interface, and the underground liquid electric pulse shock wave transmitter is integrally formed.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a blocking removal system, which may include: the power supply 500 is connected with the variable frequency control cabinet 600, in this embodiment, the power supply 500 and the variable frequency control cabinet 600 are disposed on the ground, and the variable frequency control cabinet 600 can control the output of the power supply 500; and the shock wave transmitter may be connected to the variable frequency control cabinet 600 through a transmission cable 700, so that the variable frequency control cabinet 600 controls the electric energy in the power supply 500 to be transmitted to the shock wave transmitter, and supplies power to the high temperature energy storage capacitor 300 in the shock wave transmitter. In this embodiment, a cable winch 800 and a pulley 801 may be further disposed on the ground, the transmission cable 700 may be wound on the cable winch 800, one end of the transmission cable 700 is connected to the variable frequency control cabinet 600, the other end bypasses the pulley 801 and is connected to the faucet 900, and is connected to the shock wave emitter through the faucet 900, where the transmission cable 700 may use a dedicated oil well cable, may use the inductance and resistance of the transmission cable 700 itself as a protection element, and does not need to add a new current limiting protection element, and is connected to the shock wave emitter by using a dedicated faucet 900, so as to have functions of transmitting electric energy and bearing; in the embodiment of the invention, the ground power supply 500 preferably adopts a 380V/50Hz power supply, and can be converted into an intermediate frequency voltage of 500V/1500HZ by using the variable frequency control cabinet 600.
The working flow of the oil well blocking removal system of the embodiment of the invention is as follows: according to the oil well condition and the site demand, the specification of the blocking removal and production increase operation is made, the power supply 500 and the variable frequency control cabinet 600 on the ground are used for controlling the low-voltage power supply to be sent to the shock wave transmitter under the well through the transmission cable 700, the high-voltage conversion power supply 200 of the shock wave transmitter converts the low-voltage power supply into high-voltage power to charge the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300, the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 stores electric energy, when the charging voltage of the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 reaches a preset value, the pulse power supply body 400 is rapidly conducted, the energy stored in the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 is instantaneously applied to the discharge electrode, the isolation gap between the positive electrode 5 and the negative electrode 21 in the discharge electrode is communicated, the electric energy stored in the high-temperature energy storage capacitor 300 is instantaneously released at two ends of the electrode to generate electric sparks, the perforation blockage and surrounding rock stratum are bombarded by the transmission cable 700, and then the shock wave transmitter is lifted out of the well mouth, and the blocking removal and production increase operation is completed.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
It should be noted that in the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A shock discharge electrode adapted for unblocking, comprising:
an electrode fixing cylinder (1);
a negative electrode base (2) fixedly arranged in the electrode fixing cylinder (1), wherein the negative electrode base (2) is provided with a negative electrode (21);
The insulator (3) is arranged in the electrode fixing cylinder (1), the insulator (3) comprises an electrode insulating layer (31) and an electrode insulating sleeve (32) coated outside the electrode insulating layer (31), an electrode connecting rod (4) for switching on a power supply is arranged in the electrode insulating layer (31), one side, close to the negative electrode (21), of the electrode connecting rod (4) is provided with an installation part (41), and the installation part (41) is provided with an inner cavity; a first lock nut (8) is fixedly arranged in the electrode insulating sleeve (32), and the first lock nut (8) is clamped between the electrode connecting rod (4) and the electrode insulating sleeve (32);
A rubber gasket (33) is arranged between the electrode insulating layer (31) and the electrode insulating sleeve (32), and the rubber gasket (33) is sleeved outside the mounting part (41) and is positioned at the joint of the mounting part (41) and the electrode insulating sleeve (32);
The positive electrode (5) is partially installed in the insulator (3), the electrode insulating sleeve (32) is coated outside the positive electrode (5), one end, far away from the negative electrode (21), of the positive electrode (5) is inserted into the inner cavity and is electrically conducted with the electrode connecting rod (4), the positive electrode (5) is in threaded connection with the first locking nut (8), the positive electrode (5) is provided with a discharging part (51) exposed out of the insulator (3), the discharging part (51) is in an ellipsoidal shape, and the discharging part (51) is opposite to the negative electrode (21); the positive electrode (5) sequentially passes through the first locking nut (8) and the electrode insulating sleeve (32), so that the discharge part (51) is exposed out of the electrode insulating sleeve (32).
2. The shock discharge electrode adapted for unblocking of claim 1, wherein: a two-stage O-shaped sealing ring (7) is arranged between the outer surface of the mounting part (41) and the insulator (3).
3. The shock discharge electrode adapted for unblocking of claim 1, wherein:
And a silica gel pad is arranged at the contact part of the electrode insulating layer (31) and the electrode connecting rod (4).
4. The shock discharge electrode adapted for unblocking of claim 1, wherein:
the negative electrode base (2) is fixed on the electrode fixing cylinder (1) through a locking screw (22), and a second locking nut (9) is fixedly arranged in the negative electrode base (2);
The negative electrode (21) penetrates through the negative electrode base (2) and the second locking nut (9), and the negative electrode (21) is in threaded connection with the second locking nut (9).
5. The shock discharge electrode adapted for unblocking of claim 1, wherein: the negative electrode (21) has an end face facing the positive electrode (5), the end face being planar.
6. A shock wave transmitter, comprising:
a high-voltage conversion power supply (200) for converting a low voltage into a high voltage;
a high-temperature energy storage capacitor (300) connected to the high-voltage conversion power supply (200) to charge the high-temperature energy storage capacitor (300) by the high-voltage conversion power supply (200);
The shock discharge electrode suitable for blocking removal according to claim 1 is connected with the high-temperature energy storage capacitor (300) through a pulse power supply body (400), wherein the pulse power supply body (400) is used for electrically conducting an electrode connecting rod (4) of the shock discharge electrode with the high-temperature energy storage capacitor (300) when the voltage of the high-temperature energy storage capacitor (300) reaches a preset voltage value.
7. A unblocking system, comprising:
the power supply (500) is connected with the variable frequency control cabinet (600);
And the shock wave transmitter according to claim 6, which is connected to the variable frequency control cabinet (600) by a transmission cable (700).
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| CN202111116623.1A CN113914822B (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Shock wave discharge electrode, shock wave emitter and unblocking system suitable for unblocking |
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| CN202111116623.1A CN113914822B (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Shock wave discharge electrode, shock wave emitter and unblocking system suitable for unblocking |
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