CN113913627A - Preparation system and preparation method of high-nickel matte - Google Patents
Preparation system and preparation method of high-nickel matte Download PDFInfo
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- CN113913627A CN113913627A CN202111137460.5A CN202111137460A CN113913627A CN 113913627 A CN113913627 A CN 113913627A CN 202111137460 A CN202111137460 A CN 202111137460A CN 113913627 A CN113913627 A CN 113913627A
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- nickel
- containing material
- nickel matte
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 332
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUFZVLHKHTYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony;nickel Chemical compound [Sb]#[Ni] TUFZVLHKHTYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical group [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/11—Sulfides
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for preparing high-nickel matte. The preparation system comprises: a liquefaction plant, a vulcanization unit and a converting unit. The liquefaction device is provided with a sulfur-containing material inlet and a liquid sulfur-containing material outlet and is used for liquefying the sulfur-containing material; the vulcanizing unit is provided with a feed inlet, a liquid sulfur-containing material inlet and a nickel matte outlet, the liquid sulfur-containing material inlet is communicated with the liquid sulfur-containing material outlet, and the feed inlet is used for adding a nickel-iron alloy and a first fusing agent; the converting unit is provided with a nickel matte inlet, a second flux inlet, an oxygen-containing gas inlet and a high-nickel matte outlet, and the nickel matte inlet is communicated with the nickel matte outlet. The preparation system of the high-nickel matte takes the nickel-iron alloy as the raw material, thereby greatly solving the problem that the high-nickel matte can not be prepared by taking the nickel sulfide ore as the raw material; meanwhile, the preparation system is simple in structure, high in productivity and convenient for industrial popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metal smelting, in particular to a system and a method for preparing high-nickel matte.
Background
The existing nickel-containing raw materials mainly comprise a nickel sulfide raw material and laterite nickel ore. The high nickel matte is a nickel-containing alloy with the nickel content higher than 74 percent, and is a main raw material for producing battery-grade nickel sulfate. The prior art mainly prepares high-nickel matte by converting nickel sulfide as a raw material.
The prior document (CN1109914A) provides a process for producing high grade nickel matte without the need for charged type converting, which process comprises: a) refining at least part of the nickel sulfide concentrate to be treated and the auxiliary agent added into the nickel matte in a pyrometallurgical furnace (III); b) nickel matte is fed into a suspension smelting furnace, namely a rapid smelting furnace, together with a fluxing agent, smoke dust, supplementary fuel and oxygen-enriched air; c) forming high-grade nickel matte and molten slag in a rapid smelting furnace; d) carrying out hydrometallurgy treatment on high-grade nickel matte; e) the slag formed in the flash smelting furnace is treated with a pyrometallurgical furnace in order to recover valuable metals.
Another prior document (CN1730684A) provides a method for producing nickel matte from a nickel sulphide material, the method comprising: the method comprises the steps of oxidizing and roasting a main raw material nickel sulfide material, then assisting with a flux, carrying out iron suppression smelting on the main raw material nickel sulfide material and a reducing agent at 1300-1450 ℃ to obtain a nickel high-matte product, suppressing 83-93% of iron in the main raw material to enter furnace slag, carrying out dilution smelting on the furnace slag by taking gypsum ore as a nickel trapping agent to obtain nickel matte and depleted slag.
Yet another prior document (CN1376804A) provides a flash smelting process for copper and nickel sulphide concentrate, comprising: after deep drying, copper sulfide concentrate and nickel sulfide concentrate are subjected to oxygen-enriched oxidation in a suspension state in a flash smelting furnace to obtain liquid copper matte or nickel matte, and then the liquid copper matte or nickel matte directly enters a top-blown molten pool converting furnace through a launder to be subjected to further oxidation in a molten-liquid state by oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen or oxygen to obtain crude copper or nickel high matte.
However, with the shortage of nickel sulfide raw material, the productivity of the traditional process is greatly inhibited, the cost is also improved, and an alternative raw material is urgently needed. At present, the laterite-nickel ore has abundant yield, is mostly used for producing ferronickel alloy, and is then used for preparing stainless steel furnace burden. In order to improve the productivity of high-nickel matte, it is necessary to develop a method for preparing high-nickel matte using a nickel-iron alloy as a raw material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a preparation system and a preparation method of high-nickel matte, and aims to solve the problems of raw material shortage and high cost of the existing method for preparing high-nickel matte by taking nickel sulfide ore as a raw material.
In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a system for preparing nickel matte, the system comprising: a liquefaction plant, a vulcanization unit and a converting unit. The liquefaction device is provided with a sulfur-containing material inlet and a liquid sulfur-containing material outlet and is used for liquefying the sulfur-containing material; the vulcanizing unit is provided with a feed inlet, a liquid sulfur-containing material inlet and a nickel matte outlet, the liquid sulfur-containing material inlet is communicated with the liquid sulfur-containing material outlet, and the feed inlet is used for adding a nickel-iron alloy and a first fusing agent; the converting unit is provided with a nickel matte inlet, a second flux inlet, an oxygen-containing gas inlet and a high-nickel matte outlet, and the nickel matte inlet is communicated with the nickel matte outlet.
Further, the vulcanization unit includes: a vulcanizing device and a first injection device; the vulcanizing device is provided with a charging hole, a liquid sulfur-containing material inlet and a nickel matte outlet, and preferably, the vulcanizing device is a sulfur converter, a side-blown furnace or a bottom-blown furnace; the first injection device is provided with a vulcanization nozzle, an air nozzle, a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline, the inlet end of the first conveying pipeline is respectively communicated with the liquid sulfur-containing material conveying pipeline and the protective gas conveying pipeline, and the outlet end of the first conveying pipeline is communicated with the vulcanization nozzle so as to inject the liquid sulfur-containing material or the protective gas into the charging opening through the vulcanization nozzle; the inlet end of the second conveying pipeline is communicated with the air conveying pipeline, and the outlet end of the second conveying pipeline is communicated with the air nozzle so as to spray air into the charging opening through the air nozzle.
Further, the vulcanization unit comprises a feeding regulation and control device, and the feeding regulation and control device is used for controlling the flow of the materials in the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline.
Further, the vulcanization unit further includes: a first valve and a second valve. The first valve is arranged on the liquid sulfur-containing material conveying pipeline; the second valve is arranged on the protective gas conveying pipeline.
Further, the preparation system also comprises an automatic control device, and the automatic control device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the first valve and the second valve so as to control the spraying frequency of the liquid sulfur-containing material and the protective gas.
Further, the vulcanizing device comprises: a housing and a rotatable hearth. The shell is provided with a liquid sulfur-containing material inlet; rotatable furnace is provided with the opening, and reaction material is carried to rotatable furnace in through the opening, and rotatable furnace sets up the inside at the casing.
Further, the converting unit comprises: a blowing device and a second injection device. The converting device is provided with a nickel matte inlet, a second flux inlet, an oxygen-containing gas inlet and a high-nickel matte outlet; the second injection device is provided with a third inlet end communicating with the oxygen-containing gas delivery line and an oxygen-containing gas nozzle communicating with the oxygen-containing gas inlet for injecting the oxygen-containing gas into the converting device.
Further, the converting unit also comprises a metering device, and the metering device is used for controlling the charging ratio of the nickel matte and the second fusing agent.
Another aspect of the present application further provides a method for preparing high-nickel matte, where the preparation method is performed by using the system for preparing high-nickel matte provided by the present application, and the method includes: liquefying the sulfur-containing material to obtain a liquid sulfur-containing material; adding a liquid sulfur-containing material, a nickel-iron alloy and a first flux into a vulcanizing device through a feeding port, and performing vulcanization smelting to obtain nickel matte; and blowing the nickel matte, the second flux and oxygen-containing gas in a blowing device to obtain the high-nickel matte.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: spraying protective gas into a vulcanizing device through a charging opening; when the feed inlet is completely immersed in a molten pool of the vulcanizing device, stopping spraying the protective gas, adding the liquid sulfur-containing material into the vulcanizing device, and simultaneously spraying air into the vulcanizing device through an air nozzle; when the liquid sulfur-containing material stops adding, spraying protective gas into the vulcanizing device through the feed inlet again; preferably, the shielding gas is selected from nitrogen, inert gas or steam.
Further, adding the liquid sulfur-containing material into a vulcanizing device in an injection mode, wherein the injection pressure is 0.4-0.5 MPa, and the ratio of the sulfur element in the liquid sulfur-containing material to the total weight of the nickel element and the iron element in the nickel-iron alloy is 1: the air pressure is 0.08-0.13 MPa; preferably, the vulcanizing device is a sulfur converter, a side-blown furnace or a bottom-blown furnace.
Further, the temperature in the vulcanizing smelting process is 1200-1350 ℃, and the temperature in the blowing process is 1200-1500 ℃.
Further, the converting process comprises: and (2) spraying oxygen-containing gas into the converting device, wherein the spraying pressure of the oxygen-containing gas is 0.08-0.13 MPa, and the concentration of the oxygen in the converting process is 50-100%.
Further, the preparation method of the high-nickel matte further comprises the steps of detecting the components of the nickel matte, and performing an air refining process when the composition of the nickel matte reaches a preset index, wherein the preset index is as follows: the nickel matte comprises 30-50% of iron element, 10-20% of sulfur element and 35-55% of nickel element by weight percentage, and the melting point is 1200-1250 ℃.
Further, the first flux and the second flux are respectively and independently selected from quartz stone and/or silicon dioxide; preferably, the adding amount of the first fusing agent and the second fusing agent is respectively and independently selected from 15-30% by weight of the nickel-iron alloy.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, in the system, the sulfur-containing material is liquefied in the liquefaction unit to form the liquid sulfur-containing material. Then adding the liquid sulfur-containing material into a vulcanization unit, and carrying out vulcanization reaction on the liquid sulfur-containing material and the nickel-iron alloy to form nickel matte; the addition of the first fusing agent can reduce the smelting temperature in the vulcanization process and carry out slagging at the same time; the nickel matte is blown in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas to form a high nickel matte, and the addition of a second flux serves to lower the temperature of the blowing process and to produce slag. The preparation system of the high-nickel matte takes the nickel-iron alloy as the raw material, thereby greatly solving the problem that the high-nickel matte can not be prepared by taking the nickel sulfide ore as the raw material; meanwhile, the preparation system is simple in structure, high in productivity and convenient for industrial popularization.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a system for producing high nickel matte according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a vulcanizing device provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a converting apparatus provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a liquefaction plant; 20. a shielding gas supply device; 30. a vulcanization unit; 31. a vulcanizing device; 311. a feed inlet; 32. a first injection device; 321. a vulcanization nozzle; 322. an air nozzle; 301. a first valve; 302. a second valve; 40. a converting unit; 41. a converting device; 411. a nickel matte inlet; 42. a second injection device; 421. an oxygen-containing gas nozzle; 43. a metering device; 50. an automatic control device.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
As described in the background art, the existing method for preparing high nickel matte by taking nickel sulfide ore as raw material has the problems of raw material shortage and high cost. In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application provides a system for preparing high nickel matte, as shown in fig. 1, the system comprising: a liquefaction plant 10, a sulfidation unit 30 and a converting unit 40. The liquefaction device 10 is provided with a sulfur-containing material inlet and a liquid sulfur-containing material outlet and is used for liquefying the sulfur-containing material; the vulcanizing unit 30 is provided with a feed inlet 311, a liquid sulfur-containing material inlet and a nickel matte outlet, the liquid sulfur-containing material inlet is communicated with the liquid sulfur-containing material outlet, and the feed inlet 311 is used for adding a nickel-iron alloy and a first fusing agent; the converting unit 40 is provided with a nickel matte inlet 411, a second flux inlet, an oxygen-containing gas inlet, and a high nickel matte outlet, the nickel matte inlet being communicated with the nickel matte outlet.
In the existing vulcanization process, the solid sulfur-containing material and the nickel ore are directly subjected to vulcanization smelting, but when the solid sulfur-containing material and the nickel ore are subjected to vulcanization reaction, the yield of nickel matte is low, so that the high-nickel matte cannot be prepared in a subsequent converting mode. The inventor finds that the yield of the nickel matte can be improved by carrying out the sulfurization reaction on the liquid sulfur-containing material and the ferronickel alloy, thereby providing a system for preparing the high-nickel matte by taking the ferronickel alloy as a raw material.
In the above system, the sulfur-containing material is liquefied in a liquefaction unit to form a liquid sulfur-containing material. Then adding the liquid sulfur-containing material into a vulcanization unit 30, and carrying out vulcanization reaction on the liquid sulfur-containing material and the nickel-iron alloy to form nickel matte; the addition of the first fusing agent can reduce the smelting temperature in the vulcanization process and carry out slagging at the same time; the nickel matte is blown in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas to form a high nickel matte, and the addition of a second flux serves to lower the temperature of the blowing process and to produce slag. The preparation system of the high-nickel matte takes the nickel-iron alloy as the raw material, thereby greatly solving the problem that the high-nickel matte can not be prepared by taking the nickel sulfide ore as the raw material; meanwhile, the preparation system is simple in structure, high in productivity and convenient for industrial popularization.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the above-mentioned preparation system further comprises a shielding gas supply device 20 for supplying a shielding gas into the vulcanization unit 30.
The above-mentioned vulcanizing unit 30 is not particularly limited as long as it can perform a vulcanization reaction of the nickel-iron alloy. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the vulcanization unit 30 comprises: a vulcanizing device 31 and a first injection device 32. The vulcanizing device 31 is provided with a feed inlet 311, a liquid sulfur-containing material inlet and a nickel matte outlet; the first injection device 32 is provided with a vulcanization nozzle 321 and an air nozzle 322, as well as a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline, wherein the inlet end of the first conveying pipeline is respectively communicated with the liquid sulfur-containing material conveying pipeline and the shielding gas conveying pipeline, and the outlet end of the first conveying pipeline is communicated with the vulcanization nozzle 321 so as to inject the liquid sulfur-containing material or the shielding gas into the charging opening 311 through the vulcanization nozzle 321; the inlet end of the second delivery line is in communication with the air delivery line and the outlet end of the second delivery line is in communication with the air nozzle 322 for injecting air into the charging port 311 through the air nozzle 322.
The vulcanization process is started by injecting a shielding gas through the vulcanization nozzle 321 to suppress clogging of the vulcanization nozzle 321 with liquid. Meanwhile, when the vulcanizing nozzle 321 is completely immersed in the molten pool, the spraying of the protective gas is stopped, and the liquid sulfur-containing material is sprayed through the vulcanizing nozzle 321, which is beneficial to inhibiting the sulfur-containing material from being oxidized before the vulcanization reaction, so that the utilization rate of the sulfur-containing material is improved. Meanwhile, during the vulcanization, air is injected into the vulcanizing device 31 through the air nozzle 322, so that part of iron in the reaction system is oxidized and forms slag with the first flux. After the vulcanization process is completed, the protective gas is sprayed into the vulcanizing device 31 again.
In order to further improve the automation degree of the whole process and reduce the labor intensity of the operators, in a preferred embodiment, the vulcanizing unit 30 further comprises a feeding regulation device for controlling the flow rates of the materials in the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline. In a preferred embodiment, the feeding regulation and control device may include a multi-channel flow valve and a flow monitoring device, the multi-channel flow valve is respectively communicated with the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline and is electrically connected with the flow monitoring device, and the flow monitoring device controls the opening and closing of the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline. The flow of materials in the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline can be controlled more accurately by adopting the feeding regulation and control device.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the vulcanization unit 30 further comprises: a first valve 301 and a second valve 302. The first valve 301 is arranged on the liquid sulfur-containing material conveying pipeline; a second valve 302 is provided on the shield gas delivery line. The arrangement of the first valve 301 and the second valve 302 can select to introduce the liquid sulfur-containing material or the shielding gas into the vulcanizing device 31 as required, so as to reduce the probability of oxidation of the liquid sulfur-containing material.
In order to better control the input frequency of the liquid sulfur-containing material and the shielding gas, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the preparation system further comprises an automatic control device 50, wherein the automatic control device 50 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the first valve 301 and the second valve 302 so as to control the injection frequency of the liquid sulfur-containing material and the shielding gas. The automatic control device 50 can better control the input frequency of the liquid sulfur-containing material and the shielding gas, thereby further reducing the utilization efficiency of the sulfur-containing material, improving the yield of the nickel matte and the yield of the subsequent high-nickel matte.
The vulcanizing device 31 may be a vulcanizing device commonly used in the art. In order to further increase the vulcanization rate in the vulcanization process, the above-mentioned vulcanization device 31 is preferably a sulfur converter, a side-blown furnace or a bottom-blown furnace. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the vulcanizing device 31 includes; a housing and a rotatable hearth. The shell is provided with a liquid sulfur-containing material inlet; rotatable furnace is provided with the opening, and reaction material is carried to rotatable furnace in through the opening, and rotatable furnace sets up the inside at the casing.
In order to increase the converting efficiency, as shown in fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the converting unit 40 comprises a converting device 41 and a second injection device 42, the converting device 41 being provided with a nickel matte inlet 411, a second flux inlet, an oxygen-containing gas inlet and a high nickel matte outlet; the second injection device 42 is provided with a third inlet end communicating with the oxygen-containing gas conveying line and an oxygen-containing gas nozzle 421 communicating with the oxygen-containing gas inlet for injecting the oxygen-containing gas into the converting device 41.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the converting unit 40 further comprises a metering device 43, and the metering device 43 is used for controlling the charging ratio of the nickel matte to the second fluxing agent. The metering device 43 is used for controlling the charging ratio of the nickel matte to the second fusing agent, so that the heat consumption in the converting process can be reduced, and even the purpose of self-heating converting is realized, and the purpose of saving energy is achieved.
Another aspect of the present application further provides a method for preparing high-nickel matte, where the preparation method is performed by using the above preparation system provided in the present application, and the method includes: liquefying the sulfur-containing material to obtain a liquid sulfur-containing material; adding the liquid sulfur-containing material, the nickel-iron alloy and the first flux into a vulcanizing device 31 through a feeding port 311, and performing vulcanization smelting to obtain nickel matte; the nickel matte, the second flux and the oxygen-containing gas are blown in the blowing device 41 to obtain the high nickel matte.
In the above preparation method, the sulfur-containing material is liquefied to form a liquid sulfur-containing material. Then, carrying out a vulcanization reaction on the liquid sulfur-containing material and the nickel-iron alloy to form nickel matte; the addition of the first fusing agent can reduce the smelting temperature in the vulcanization process and simultaneously separate nickel matte from smelting slag; converting nickel matte in a sulfur converter in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas to form high nickel matte; the addition of the secondary flux serves to lower the temperature of the converting process and to separate it from the converting slag. The preparation system of the high-nickel matte takes the nickel-iron alloy as the raw material, thereby greatly solving the problem of preparing the high-nickel matte by taking the nickel sulfide ore as the raw material; meanwhile, the preparation system is simple in structure, high in productivity and convenient for industrial popularization.
In order to further increase the utilization of the liquid sulfur-containing material, in a preferred embodiment, the preparation method comprises: spraying protective gas into the vulcanizing device 31 through a feed inlet 311; when the feed inlet 311 is completely immersed in the molten pool of the vulcanizing device 31, the spraying of the shielding gas is stopped, and the liquid sulfur-containing material is fed into the vulcanizing device 31, and simultaneously air is sprayed into the vulcanizing device 31 through the air nozzle 322; when the liquid sulfur-containing material is stopped, the protective gas is sprayed into the vulcanizing device 31 through the feed opening 311 again.
The shielding gas may be any gas that does not participate in the sulfiding reaction and converting process. Preferably, the shielding gas includes, but is not limited to, nitrogen, inert gas, or steam.
In order to further improve the spraying efficiency and the vulcanization rate of the liquid sulfur-containing material, thereby further improving the yield of subsequent high-nickel matte and simultaneously improving the separation rate of the high-nickel matte and the smelting slag, in a preferred embodiment, the liquid sulfur-containing material is added into a vulcanizing device 31 in a spraying manner, the spraying pressure is 0.4-0.5 MPa, and the ratio of the total weight of the sulfur element in the liquid sulfur-containing material to the total weight of the nickel element and the iron element in the nickel-iron alloy is 1: (1-5) and the air pressure is 0.08-0.13 MPa.
In order to further increase the vulcanization rate in the vulcanization process, the above-mentioned vulcanization device 31 is preferably a sulfur converter, a side-blown furnace or a bottom-blown furnace.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the vulcanizing smelting process is 1200-1350 ℃, and the temperature of the blowing process is 1200-1500 ℃. The temperature of the sulfidizing process and the temperature of the blowing process include, but are not limited to, the above ranges, and it is advantageous to improve the yield of the high nickel matte by limiting them to the above ranges.
In order to further improve the efficiency of the injection of the oxygen-containing gas, in a preferred embodiment, the process comprises: and (2) injecting oxygen-containing gas into the converting device 41, wherein the injection pressure of the oxygen-containing gas is 0.08-0.13 MPa, and the concentration of the oxygen in the converting process is 50-100%, and more preferably 70-100%.
It should be noted that the high nickel matte is a vulcanized eutectic containing nickel, copper, cobalt, iron and the like produced in the pyrometallurgical process, and the total content of nickel, copper and cobalt is more than 70%, and the content of iron is less than 4.5%. Preferably, the high nickel matte comprises 60-80% of nickel element, 3-4.5% of iron element and 10-20% of sulfur element in percentage by weight of the high nickel matte.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing high-nickel matte further comprises detecting the components of the nickel matte, and performing the converting process when the composition of the nickel matte reaches a predetermined index, wherein the predetermined index is as follows: the nickel matte comprises 30-50% of iron element, 10-20% of sulfur element and 35-55% of nickel element by weight percentage, and the melting point is 1200-1250 ℃.
Because the composition of the nickel matte can influence the yield of the high nickel matte in the converting process to a certain extent, the composition of the nickel matte obtained through the vulcanizing process is limited in the range, so that the nickel element and the iron element can be transferred into the nickel matte as much as possible, and the influence of other impurity elements in the nickel-antimony alloy is removed, thereby enabling the high nickel matte to be produced in the converting process.
In the above-mentioned vulcanization, the first fusing agent may be one commonly used in the art. In a preferred embodiment, the first flux is quartz and/or silica. More preferably silica. The iron in the ferronickel alloy can be combined with the silicon dioxide after being oxidized to form iron silicate low melting slag. Compared with other fluxes, the silicon dioxide used as the first flux can better reduce the smelting temperature in the vulcanization process, and simultaneously further remove impurity elements and improve the grade of the high-nickel matte. In order to further improve the grade and yield of the high-nickel matte, the adding amount of the first fusing agent is more preferably 15-30% in percentage by weight of the nickel-iron alloy.
Preferably, the second fusing agent is selected from quartz stone and/or silicon dioxide, and the adding amount is 15-30% of the weight percentage of the nickel matte.
In order to further improve the extraction rate of nickel element in the nickel-iron alloy and the yield of high-nickel matte, the composition of the nickel-iron alloy is preferably 60-75 wt% of Fe element, 30-40 wt% of Ni element, 1-3 wt% of C element and 1-3 wt% of Si element.
The grade of ferronickel is between 30 percent and 40 percent, and the ferronickel is added into a vulcanization converter in a melting mode and a solid mode. The molten ferronickel alloy can be fed into the converter through an iron ladle in a batch mode from liquid ferronickel produced by a rotary kiln electric furnace or a molten bath smelting process, and the temperature of the molten ferronickel alloy is about 1500 ℃; after being weighed in the blowing process, the solid ferronickel is continuously added into a vulcanization converter together with a fluxing agent.
A part of nickel matte needs to be reserved when the intermediate nickel matte is discharged after the vulcanization process is finished, and because the temperature of molten ferronickel alloy is about 1500 ℃ when the molten ferronickel alloy is added into the vulcanization device, a certain amount of nickel matte needs to be maintained in the vulcanization device so as to reduce the temperature of a molten pool caused by adding the ferronickel alloy to the greatest extent. Meanwhile, the stored nickel matte is also beneficial to reducing the fluctuation of the chemical composition of the nickel matte and preventing the liquefaction temperature of the nickel matte from rising too much. Since the inside of the vulcanizing device always holds a large amount of nickel matte as a stock, the vulcanizing converter operation is regarded as a semi-continuous operation.
The intermediate nickel matte is received from the sulfidisation plant via a ladle, air is blown into the converting bath to oxidise the iron therein, and a silica fluxing agent is added for slagging. Slag is periodically removed through the converter mouth. When the iron content in the nickel matte is reduced to 4.5%, the nickel matte is discharged from the converter mouth.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
Example 1
The composition of the nickel iron synthesis is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Fe，wt％ | Ni，wt％ | C，wt％ | Si，wt％ |
| 71 | 26 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
A preparation process of high-nickel matte adopts a preparation device with a structure schematic diagram shown in figure 1, and comprises the following specific steps:
adding 1t of nickel-iron alloy and quartz stone into a molten pool of a vulcanizing device 31 (a vulcanizing converter) from a furnace mouth, blowing liquid sulfur and air from a vulcanizing nozzle 321 and an air nozzle 322 at the side part of a furnace body, controlling the operating temperature of the vulcanizing device 31 (the vulcanizing converter) to be 1300 ℃, controlling the weight ratio of iron element to silicon dioxide in slag to be 2:1, and obtaining the low-nickel matte with iron content of 39.5 wt%, nickel content of 53 wt%, sulfur content of 17.5 wt% and sulfur element utilization rate of 95%. Pouring the obtained low-nickel matte from a nickel matte outlet and conveying the low-nickel matte to an converting section; the generated slag is poured out from the furnace mouth and sold as building materials. The vulcanizing converter operates semi-continuously, and part of nickel matte bottom material is remained in the converter all the time.
The hot low-nickel matte is added into an converting device 41 (converting converter) from a steamed stuffed bun through a nickel matte inlet 411, the cold material of the high-nickel block ore and the quartz stone flux are added into the converting converter from a second flux inlet, air is blown in from an oxygen-containing gas inlet at the side part of the converter body under the blowing pressure of 0.13MPa, and the converting temperature is controlled to be 1300 ℃. The weight ratio of iron element to silicon dioxide in the blowing slag is 2:1, the nickel recovery rate is 98.75%, and the high nickel matte product contains 78% of nickel, 1.5% of iron and 19.5% of sulfur. And pouring the generated high-nickel matte out of the furnace mouth, and granulating to obtain high-nickel matte particles for sale or sending the high-nickel matte particles to downstream processes for treatment.
Example 2
The differences from example 1 are: the temperature of the vulcanizing smelting process is 1200 ℃, and the temperature of the blowing process is 1500 ℃.
The utilization rate of the sulfur element is 93.1 percent, the recovery rate of nickel is 95.8 percent, and the high-nickel matte product contains 75.2 weight percent of nickel, 1.7 weight percent of iron and 15.4 weight percent of sulfur.
Example 3
The differences from example 1 are: the temperature of the vulcanization smelting process is 1350 ℃, and the temperature of the blowing process is 1200 ℃.
The utilization rate of sulfur element is 94.3 percent, the recovery rate of nickel is 96.8 percent, and the high nickel matte product contains 76.3 weight percent of nickel, 1.4 weight percent of iron and 17.4 weight percent of sulfur.
Example 4
The differences from example 1 are: the temperature in the vulcanizing smelting process is 1150 ℃, and the temperature in the blowing process is 1300 ℃.
The utilization rate of the sulfur element is 72.1 percent, the recovery rate of nickel is 67.4 percent, and the high nickel matte product contains 72.2 weight percent of nickel, 1.9 weight percent of iron and 10.1 weight percent of sulfur.
Example 5
The differences from example 1 are: the vulcanizing device is a side-blown furnace.
The utilization rate of sulfur is 94.1 percent, the recovery rate of nickel is 95.4 percent, and the high nickel matte product contains 76.2 weight percent of nickel, 1.5 weight percent of iron and 14.4 weight percent of sulfur.
Example 6
The differences from example 1 are: the vulcanizing device is a bottom blowing furnace.
The utilization rate of sulfur is 94.7 percent, the recovery rate of nickel is 96.8 percent, and the high nickel matte product contains 75.2 weight percent of nickel, 1.9 weight percent of iron and 16.4 weight percent of sulfur.
Comparative example 1
The differences from example 1 are:
the sulfur-containing material is not liquefied, and is directly subjected to sulfidizing smelting in a solid state.
The utilization rate of sulfur is 60.1 percent, the recovery rate of nickel is 75.4 percent, and the high nickel matte product contains 72.2 weight percent of nickel, 7.5 weight percent of iron and 13.4 weight percent of sulfur.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: in the above system, the sulfur-containing material is liquefied in a liquefaction unit to form a liquid sulfur-containing material. Then adding the liquid sulfur-containing material into a vulcanization unit, and carrying out vulcanization reaction on the liquid sulfur-containing material and the nickel-iron alloy to form nickel matte; the addition of the first fusing agent can reduce the smelting temperature in the vulcanization process and carry out slagging at the same time; the nickel matte is blown in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas to form a high nickel matte, and the addition of a second flux serves to lower the temperature of the blowing process and to produce slag. The preparation system of the high-nickel matte takes the nickel-iron alloy as the raw material, thereby greatly solving the problem that the high-nickel matte can not be prepared by taking the nickel sulfide ore as the raw material; meanwhile, the preparation system is simple in structure, high in productivity and convenient for industrial popularization.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A system for producing high-nickel matte, the system comprising:
the liquefaction device (10), the liquefaction device (10) is provided with a sulfur-containing material inlet and a liquid sulfur-containing material outlet, and is used for liquefying the sulfur-containing material;
the device comprises a vulcanization unit (30), wherein the vulcanization unit (30) is provided with a feed inlet (311), a liquid sulfur-containing material inlet and a nickel matte outlet, the liquid sulfur-containing material inlet is communicated with the liquid sulfur-containing material outlet, and the feed inlet (311) is used for adding a nickel-iron alloy and a first fusing agent;
the device comprises an air refining unit (40), wherein the air refining unit (40) is provided with a nickel matte inlet (411), a second fusing agent inlet, an oxygen-containing gas inlet and a high-nickel matte outlet, and the nickel matte inlet is communicated with the nickel matte outlet.
2. The production system according to claim 1, wherein the vulcanization unit (30) comprises:
a vulcanizing device (31), wherein the vulcanizing device (31) is provided with the charging opening (311), the liquid sulfur-containing material inlet and the nickel matte outlet, and preferably, the vulcanizing device (31) is a sulfur converter, a side-blown furnace or a bottom-blown furnace;
the first injection device (32), the first injection device (32) is provided with a vulcanization nozzle (321), an air nozzle (322), a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline, the inlet end of the first conveying pipeline is respectively communicated with a liquid sulfur-containing material conveying pipeline and a shielding gas conveying pipeline, the outlet end of the first conveying pipeline is communicated with the vulcanization nozzle (321) so as to inject the liquid sulfur-containing material or the shielding gas into the charging opening (311) through the vulcanization nozzle (321),
the inlet end of the second conveying pipeline is communicated with an air conveying pipeline, and the outlet end of the second conveying pipeline is communicated with the air nozzle (322) so as to spray air into the charging opening (311) through the air nozzle (322).
3. A production system according to claim 2, wherein the vulcanisation unit (30) comprises feed regulation means for controlling the flow of material in the first and second transfer lines.
4. A production system according to claim 3, wherein the vulcanisation unit (30) further comprises:
a first valve (301), wherein the first valve (301) is arranged on the liquid sulfur-containing material conveying pipeline;
a second valve (302), the second valve (302) disposed on the shielding gas delivery line.
5. The system according to claim 4, further comprising an automatic control device (50), wherein the automatic control device (50) is configured to control the opening and closing of the first valve (301) and the second valve (302) to control the injection frequency of the liquid sulfur-containing material and the shielding gas.
6. A production system according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein said vulcanization device (31) comprises;
a housing provided with the liquid sulfur-containing material inlet;
rotatable furnace, rotatable furnace is provided with the opening, and the reactant material warp the opening is carried extremely in the rotatable furnace, just rotatable furnace sets up the inside of casing.
7. A preparation system according to claim 6, wherein said converting unit (40) comprises:
an converting device (41), the converting device (41) being provided with the nickel matte inlet (411), the second flux inlet, the oxygen-containing gas inlet, and the high nickel matte outlet;
a second injection device (42), the second injection device (42) being provided with a third inlet end communicating with an oxygen-containing gas delivery line and an oxygen-containing gas nozzle (421) communicating with the oxygen-containing gas inlet for injecting oxygen-containing gas into the converting device (41).
8. A preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the converting unit (40) further comprises a metering device (43), the metering device (43) being adapted to control the charge ratio of the matte and secondary flux.
9. A method for producing high-nickel matte, characterized by using the system for producing high-nickel matte according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:
liquefying the sulfur-containing material to obtain a liquid sulfur-containing material;
adding a liquid sulfur-containing material, a nickel-iron alloy and a first flux into a vulcanizing device (31) through a feeding port (311), and performing vulcanization smelting to obtain nickel matte;
and blowing the nickel matte, the second flux and oxygen-containing gas in a blowing device (41) to obtain the high-nickel matte.
10. The method of manufacturing according to claim 9, comprising:
protective gas is sprayed into the vulcanizing device (31) through the feed inlet (311);
when the feed inlet (311) is completely immersed in a molten pool of the vulcanizing device (31), stopping injecting the protective gas, adding the liquid sulfur-containing material into the vulcanizing device (31), and simultaneously injecting air into the vulcanizing device (31) through an air nozzle (322);
when the liquid sulfur-containing material is stopped to be added, spraying protective gas into the vulcanizing device (31) through the feed inlet (311) again;
preferably, the shielding gas is selected from nitrogen, an inert gas or steam.
11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the liquid sulfur-containing material is fed into the vulcanizing device (31) by injection at a pressure of 0.4 to 0.5MPa, and the ratio of the sulfur element in the liquid sulfur-containing material to the total weight of the nickel element and the iron element in the nickel-iron alloy is 1: (1-5), the air pressure is 0.08-0.13 MPa;
preferably, the vulcanizing device (31) is a sulfur converter, a side-blown furnace or a bottom-blown furnace.
12. The production method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the temperature of the sulfidizing smelting process is 1200 to 1350 ℃ and the temperature of the blowing process is 1200 to 1500 ℃.
13. The method of claim 9, wherein the converting process comprises: and (2) spraying the oxygen-containing gas into the converting device (41), wherein the spraying pressure of the oxygen-containing gas is 0.08-0.13 MPa, and the concentration of oxygen in the converting process is 50-100%.
14. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the method further comprises detecting the composition of the nickel matte, and performing the converting process when the composition of the nickel matte reaches a predetermined index: the nickel matte comprises 30-50% of iron element, 10-20% of sulfur element and 35-55% of nickel element by weight percentage, and the melting point is 1200-1250 ℃.
15. The method according to claim 9, wherein the first flux and the second flux are each independently selected from quartz stone and/or silica; preferably, the adding amount of the first fusing agent and the second fusing agent is respectively and independently selected from 15-30% by weight of the nickel-iron alloy.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1985001750A1 (en) * | 1983-10-19 | 1985-04-25 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Or | Smelting nickel ores or concentrates |
| CN111378851A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-07 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | System and method for treating laterite-nickel ore |
| CN111424167A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for treating laterite-nickel ore |
-
2021
- 2021-09-27 CN CN202111137460.5A patent/CN113913627A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1985001750A1 (en) * | 1983-10-19 | 1985-04-25 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Or | Smelting nickel ores or concentrates |
| CN111378851A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-07 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | System and method for treating laterite-nickel ore |
| CN111424167A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for treating laterite-nickel ore |
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Application publication date: 20220111 |