CN113912371A - Anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113912371A CN113912371A CN202111366513.0A CN202111366513A CN113912371A CN 113912371 A CN113912371 A CN 113912371A CN 202111366513 A CN202111366513 A CN 202111366513A CN 113912371 A CN113912371 A CN 113912371A
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/16—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement
- C04B28/165—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement containing synthetic anhydrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/48—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B41/483—Polyacrylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/62—Coating or impregnation with organic materials
- C04B41/63—Macromolecular compounds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall and a construction method thereof, wherein the rammed earth wall comprises clay, coarse sand, a soil curing agent, transparent waterproof glue and water, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows: 8-10 parts of clay, 8-10 parts of coarse sand, 0.005-0.007 part of soil curing agent, 0.002-0.005 part of transparent waterproof glue and 15-20 parts of water. The construction method of the rammed earth wall comprises the following steps of (1) preparing materials; crushing; mixing materials: firstly, mixing clay, coarse sand and a soil mixing agent, and then adding water into the mixed dry material to obtain a mixed wet material; fourthly, entering a mold: the mixed wet materials are loaded into a mould in layers; fifth, tamping: after each layer of mixed wet material is filled in the mold, a pneumatic rammer is needed to tamp the mixed wet material; sixthly, maintaining; and (c) coating the glue. The raw materials of the invention are simple, the preparation method is reasonable, and the prepared rammed earth wall has good durability, waterproofness and crack resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to an anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall and a construction method thereof.
Background
In the field of construction technology, earth walls include adobe walls and rammed earth walls. The rammed earth wall is characterized in that a support formwork of the rammed earth wall is utilized, earth materials are filled into the support formwork, the earth materials are tamped manually, a second layer of earth materials is paved on the tamped first layer of earth materials, tamping is continued, the earth materials are continuously filled according to the method and are tamped continuously until the rammed earth wall in the whole support formwork is tamped, and then the rammed earth formwork is disassembled. The rammed earth wall not only has better bearing performance, but also has the advantages of heat preservation, heat insulation, sound insulation, fire prevention and the like. Houses built by rammed earth walls are widely distributed in China, have distinctive local characteristics and national characteristics, are full of thick local history and cultural atmosphere, are important components of the traditional residences of China, and at present, a large number of houses built by rammed earth walls still exist in vast rural areas of China. The rammed earth wall house is popular because of the advantages of convenient material taking, low manufacturing cost, heat preservation, heat insulation, natural fusion, environmental protection and the like. The building most in accordance with ecological principles contains extremely high scientific connotation and rich ecological ideas. The rammed earth wall has the obvious characteristics of ecological environmental protection and almost no construction waste generated when earth returns to earth. However, the filling materials of the traditional rammed earth wall are only soil powder, and part of the filling materials can be added with wheat straws, rice straws and other materials as anti-cracking fibers, the materials are single, after the traditional rammed earth wall is used for a period of time, due to the limitation of the self performance of the rammed earth material, the building shear resistance of the rammed earth wall is low, the integrity and the anti-seismic performance of the wall body and the house are poor, under the action of long-time natural factors, a large number of rammed earth walls have the phenomena of wall body cracking, bearing capacity reduction and the like, and have great potential safety hazards, and when the rammed earth wall is washed by rainwater for a long time, loose soil layers on the surface of the wall body are firstly peeled off, the rammed earth wall basically has no waterproof performance, and the durability of the rammed earth wall is not ideal. Therefore, the development of an anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall with reasonable formula, low cost, high strength and good waterproofness and a construction method thereof are objectively needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide an anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall with a reasonable formula, low cost, high strength and good waterproofness and a construction method thereof.
The anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall comprises clay, coarse sand, a soil curing agent, a transparent waterproof glue and water, wherein the components are mixed in parts by weight as follows: 8-10 parts of clay, 8-10 parts of coarse sand, 0.005-0.007 part of soil curing agent, 0.002-0.005 part of transparent waterproof glue and 15-20 parts of water.
Further, the rammed earth wall also comprises a waterproof agent in an amount of 0.1-0.2 parts by mass, wherein the waterproof agent comprises methyl methacrylate and paraffin emulsion, and the mass ratio of the methyl methacrylate to the paraffin emulsion is 1: 1-1.5.
Further, the rammed earth wall also comprises an anti-cracking agent in an amount of 0.05-0.1 part by mass, wherein the anti-cracking agent comprises polyvinyl alcohol fibers and a UEA expanding agent, and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers to the UEA expanding agent is 1: 0.5-1.
Further, the clay has a water content of 13.1%, a liquid limit of 21.9%, and a plastic limit of 18.2%.
Furthermore, the average particle size of the coarse sand is 3-5 mm.
Furthermore, the transparent waterproof glue is an acrylic emulsion colloid which is prepared by taking acrylic emulsion as a base material and adding various modification aids such as a film forming aid, a thickening agent and the like, mixing and dispersing.
Further, the soil curing agent consists of 15-25% of quicklime, 50-65% of sodium silicate glass and 15-25% of anhydrous gypsum in percentage by mass, wherein the modulus of the sodium silicate glass is 0.5-0.8, the content of effective calcium oxide in the quicklime is more than 80%, and the anhydrous gypsum is a product of dihydrate gypsum calcined at the high temperature of 850-900 ℃.
Further, the soil curing agent consists of 15-20% by mass of polyvinyl acid, 30-50% by mass of anhydrous gypsum and 20-40% by mass of cement, the anhydrous gypsum is a product of dihydrate gypsum calcined at a high temperature of 850-900 ℃, and the fineness of the cement is 800-1000 meshes.
The construction method of the anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall comprises the following steps:
preparing materials: preparing materials according to the weight ratio of 8-10 parts of clay, 8-10 parts of coarse sand, 0.005-0.007 part of soil curing agent, 0.002-0.005 part of transparent waterproof glue and 15-20 parts of water;
crushing: firstly, crushing clay and coarse sand, wherein the particle sizes of the clay and the coarse sand are required to be not more than 5 mm;
mixing materials: firstly, mixing clay, coarse sand and a soil mixing agent, stirring for 2-5 min by using a stirrer to obtain a dry mixed material, then adding water into the dry mixed material, and stirring for 5-10 min by using the stirrer to obtain a wet mixed material;
fourthly, entering a mold: the mixed wet material prepared in the step three is loaded into a pre-erected mould in a layered mode, and the thickness of one-step mould loading is required to be 15-20 cm when the mixed wet material is loaded into the mould;
fifth, tamping: after each layer of mixed wet materials is filled in the mold, a pneumatic rammer is needed to tamp the mixed wet materials, each layer of mixed wet materials is tamped back and forth for three times in a 'return' form, and tamping paths among the mixed wet materials in each layer are required to be staggered;
sixthly, maintenance: after the filling and tamping are finished, naturally curing the mixed wet material for 15-20 days;
and seventh, gluing: and after the maintenance is finished, demoulding to obtain the rammed earth wall, and then coating the transparent waterproof glue on the surface of the rammed earth wall.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following excellent effects: firstly, the raw material cost and the proportion of the rammed earth wall are optimized, wherein the clay and the coarse sand can play a role of ramming an earth framework, the strength of the rammed earth wall is improved, the water in the soil can be removed by the doped soil curing agent, the strength and the durability of the rammed earth wall are further improved, the waterproof performance of the rammed earth wall can be enhanced by the transparent waterproof adhesive coated on the surface of the rammed earth wall, and the rammed earth wall with high strength, good waterproof performance and durability can be prepared by optimizing the raw material cost and the proportion; secondly, the raw materials used by the invention can be obtained from local materials, so that a large amount of transportation cost and energy consumption processing cost are saved, and the manufacturing cost is low; the raw materials are simple, the manufacturing method is reasonable, the manufactured rammed earth wall is attractive in appearance and strong in applicability, has good durability, waterproofness and crack resistance, simultaneously the ramming technology used in the construction process embodies industrialization and standardization, the construction efficiency is improved while the quality of the rammed earth wall is ensured, good economic benefits can be generated, and the rammed earth wall has good popularization and utilization values.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall in the embodiment 1 comprises clay, coarse sand, a soil curing agent, a transparent waterproof glue and water, wherein the components are mixed in parts by weight as follows: 8 parts of clay, 8 parts of coarse sand, 0.005 part of soil curing agent, 0.002 part of transparent waterproof glue and 15 parts of water, wherein the clay and the coarse sand are used as main materials, the clay and the coarse sand can play a role of ramming a soil framework, the strength of the rammed soil wall is improved, the water in the soil can be removed by the doped soil curing agent, the strength and durability of the rammed soil wall are further improved, and the waterproof performance of the transparent waterproof glue coated on the surface of the rammed soil wall can be enhanced
Further, the clay has a water content of 13.1%, a liquid limit of 21.9%, and a plastic limit of 18.2%.
Further, the average particle size of the coarse sand was 3 mm.
Further, the transparent waterproof glue is an acrylic emulsion type colloid which is formed by taking acrylic emulsion as a base material and adding various modified additives such as a film forming additive, a thickening agent and the like, and mixing and dispersing, and preferably, the type of the transparent waterproof glue is penetrating waterproof-PY 075 by a house doctor brand.
Further, the soil curing agent consists of 15% of quicklime, 65% of sodium silicate glass and 20% of anhydrous gypsum in percentage by mass, the modulus of the sodium silicate glass is 0.5, the content of effective calcium oxide in the quicklime is more than 80%, and the anhydrous gypsum is a product of dihydrate gypsum calcined at the high temperature of 850 ℃.
The construction method of the anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
preparing materials: preparing materials according to the weight parts of 8 parts of clay, 8 parts of coarse sand, 0.005 part of soil curing agent, 0.002 part of transparent waterproof glue and 15 parts of water;
crushing: firstly, crushing the clay and the coarse sand, wherein the particle size of the clay and the coarse sand is required to be not more than 5mm, and the bonding capability of the clay, the coarse sand and the soil curing agent can be improved through crushing;
mixing materials: firstly, mixing clay, coarse sand and a soil mixing agent, stirring for 2min by using a stirrer to obtain a dry mixed material, then adding water into the dry mixed material, stirring for 5min by using the stirrer to obtain a wet mixed material, and stirring by using a stirring mechanism, so that the production efficiency can be improved, and the uniform mixing effect of the materials can also be improved;
fourthly, entering a mold: the mixed wet material prepared in the step three is loaded into a pre-erected mould in a layered mode, and the thickness of one-step mould loading is required to be 15cm when the mixed wet material is loaded into the mould;
fifth, tamping: after each layer of mixed wet materials is filled in the mold, a pneumatic rammer is needed to tamp the mixed wet materials, each layer of mixed wet materials are tamped back and forth for three times in a 'back' form, and tamping paths among the mixed wet materials of each layer are required to be staggered, wherein the pneumatic rammer is adopted to enhance the tamping force and improve the compaction degree of rammed soil; on the other hand, the effective tamping action area is increased, the tamping work efficiency is improved, and the thickness of the mixed wet material entering the mold at each layer is 15cm, so that the mixed wet material can be fully tamped, the tamping compactness of the mixed wet material is improved, and the strength of the rammed earth wall is further improved;
sixthly, maintenance: after the filling and tamping are finished, the mixed wet material is naturally cured for 15 days, and the internal stress of the rammer in real time is completely released through curing, so that the strength of the rammed earth wall can be further improved;
and seventh, gluing: and after the maintenance is finished, demoulding to obtain the rammed earth wall, and then coating the transparent waterproof glue on the surface of the rammed earth wall.
Example 2
The anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall in the embodiment 2 comprises clay, coarse sand, a soil curing agent, a transparent waterproof glue and water, wherein the components are mixed in parts by weight as follows: the rammed earth wall comprises 9 parts of clay, 9 parts of coarse sand, 0.006 part of soil curing agent, 0.004 part of transparent waterproof glue and 18 parts of water, wherein the clay and the coarse sand are used as main materials and can play a role of ramming an earth framework to improve the strength of the rammed earth wall, the water in the soil can be removed by the doped soil curing agent, the strength and durability of the rammed earth wall are further improved, and the waterproof performance of the transparent waterproof glue coated on the surface of the rammed earth wall can be enhanced
Further, the clay has a water content of 13.1%, a liquid limit of 21.9%, and a plastic limit of 18.2%.
Further, the average particle size of the coarse sand was 4 mm.
Further, the transparent waterproof glue is an acrylic emulsion type colloid which is formed by taking acrylic emulsion as a base material and adding various modified additives such as a film forming additive, a thickening agent and the like, and mixing and dispersing, and preferably, the type of the transparent waterproof glue is penetrating waterproof-PY 075 by a house doctor brand.
Further, the soil curing agent consists of 25 mass percent of quicklime, 50 mass percent of sodium silicate glass and 25 mass percent of anhydrous gypsum, wherein the modulus of the sodium silicate glass is 0.8, the content of effective calcium oxide in the quicklime is more than 80 percent, and the anhydrous gypsum is a product of dihydrate gypsum calcined at the high temperature of 900 ℃.
The construction method of the anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall in the embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:
preparing materials: preparing materials according to the weight ratio of 9 parts of clay, 9 parts of coarse sand, 0.006 part of soil curing agent, 0.004 part of transparent waterproof glue and 18 parts of water;
crushing: firstly, crushing the clay and the coarse sand, wherein the particle size of the clay and the coarse sand is required to be not more than 5mm, and the bonding capability of the clay, the coarse sand and the soil curing agent can be improved through crushing;
mixing materials: firstly, mixing clay, coarse sand and a soil mixing agent, stirring for 4min by using a stirrer to obtain a dry mixed material, then adding water into the dry mixed material, stirring for 8min by using the stirrer to obtain a wet mixed material, and stirring by using a stirring mechanism, so that the production efficiency can be improved, and the uniform mixing effect of the materials can also be improved;
fourthly, entering a mold: the mixed wet material prepared in the step three is loaded into a pre-erected mould in a layered mode, and the thickness of one-step mould loading is required to be 17cm when the mixed wet material is loaded into the mould;
fifth, tamping: after each layer of mixed wet materials is filled in the mold, a pneumatic rammer is needed to tamp the mixed wet materials, each layer of mixed wet materials are tamped back and forth for three times in a 'back' form, and tamping paths among the mixed wet materials of each layer are required to be staggered, wherein the pneumatic rammer is adopted to enhance the tamping force and improve the compaction degree of rammed soil; on the other hand, the effective tamping action area is increased, the tamping work efficiency is improved, and the thickness of the mixed wet material entering the mold at each layer is 17cm, so that the mixed wet material can be fully tamped, the tamping compactness of the mixed wet material is improved, and the strength of the rammed earth wall is further improved;
sixthly, maintenance: after the filling and tamping are finished, the mixed wet material is naturally cured for 18 days, and the internal stress of the rammer in real time is completely released through curing, so that the strength of the rammed earth wall can be further improved;
and seventh, gluing: and after the maintenance is finished, demoulding to obtain the rammed earth wall, and then coating the transparent waterproof glue on the surface of the rammed earth wall.
Example 3:
the anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall in the embodiment 3 comprises clay, coarse sand, a soil curing agent, a transparent waterproof glue and water, wherein the components are mixed in parts by weight as follows: the soil rammed earth wall comprises, by weight, 10 parts of clay, 10 parts of coarse sand, 0.007 parts of soil curing agent, 0.005 part of transparent waterproof glue and 20 parts of water, wherein the clay and the coarse sand are used as main materials, the clay and the coarse sand can play a role of ramming an earth framework, the strength of the rammed earth wall is improved, the water in the soil can be removed by the doped soil curing agent, the strength and durability of the rammed earth wall are further improved, and the waterproof performance of the rammed earth wall can be enhanced by the transparent waterproof glue coated on the surface of the rammed earth wall
Further, the rammed earth wall also comprises a waterproof agent with the mass part of 0.1, wherein the waterproof agent comprises methyl methacrylate and paraffin emulsion, and the mass ratio of the methyl methacrylate to the paraffin emulsion is 1:1.
Further, the rammed earth wall also comprises an anti-cracking agent with the mass part of 0.05, wherein the anti-cracking agent comprises polyvinyl alcohol fibers and a UEA expanding agent, and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers to the UEA expanding agent is 1: 0.5.
Further, the clay has a water content of 13.1%, a liquid limit of 21.9%, and a plastic limit of 18.2%.
Further, the average particle size of the coarse sand was 3.5 mm.
Further, the transparent waterproof glue is an acrylic emulsion type colloid which is formed by taking acrylic emulsion as a base material and adding various modified additives such as a film forming additive, a thickening agent and the like, and mixing and dispersing, and preferably, the type of the transparent waterproof glue is penetrating waterproof-PY 075 by a house doctor brand.
Further, the soil curing agent consists of 15% of polyvinyl acid, 50% of anhydrous gypsum and 35% of cement in percentage by mass, the anhydrous gypsum is a product of dihydrate gypsum calcined at a high temperature of 850 ℃, and the fineness of the cement is 800 meshes.
The construction method of the anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall in the embodiment 4 comprises the following steps:
preparing materials: preparing materials according to the weight parts of 10 parts of clay, 10 parts of coarse sand, 0.007 part of soil curing agent, 0.005 part of transparent waterproof glue, 20 parts of water, 0.1 part of waterproof agent and 0.05 part of anti-cracking agent;
crushing: firstly, crushing the clay and the coarse sand, wherein the particle size of the clay and the coarse sand is required to be not more than 5mm, and the bonding capability of the clay, the coarse sand and the soil curing agent can be improved through crushing;
mixing materials: firstly, mixing clay, coarse sand and a soil mixing agent, stirring for 4min by using a stirrer to obtain a dry mixed material, then adding water, a waterproof agent and an anti-cracking agent into the dry mixed material, stirring for 9min by using the stirrer to obtain a wet mixed material, and stirring by using a stirring mechanism, so that the production efficiency can be improved, and the uniform mixing effect of the materials can also be improved;
fourthly, entering a mold: the mixed wet material prepared in the step three is loaded into a pre-erected mould in a layered mode, and the thickness of one-step mould loading is required to be 18cm when the mixed wet material is loaded into the mould;
fifth, tamping: after each layer of mixed wet materials is filled in the mold, a pneumatic rammer is needed to tamp the mixed wet materials, each layer of mixed wet materials are tamped back and forth for three times in a 'back' form, and tamping paths among the mixed wet materials of each layer are required to be staggered, wherein the pneumatic rammer is adopted to enhance the tamping force and improve the compaction degree of rammed soil; on the other hand, the effective tamping action area is increased, the tamping work efficiency is improved, and the thickness of the mixed wet material entering the mold at each layer is 18cm, so that the mixed wet material can be fully tamped, the tamping compactness of the mixed wet material is improved, and the strength of the rammed earth wall is further improved;
sixthly, maintenance: after the filling and tamping are finished, the mixed wet material is naturally cured for 18 days, and the internal stress of the rammer in real time is completely released through curing, so that the strength of the rammed earth wall can be further improved;
and seventh, gluing: and after the maintenance is finished, demoulding to obtain the rammed earth wall, and then coating the transparent waterproof glue on the surface of the rammed earth wall.
Example 4
The anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall in embodiment 4 comprises clay, coarse sand, a soil curing agent, a transparent waterproof glue and water, wherein the components are mixed in parts by weight as follows: 8 parts of clay, 9 parts of coarse sand, 0.007 part of soil curing agent, 0.002 part of transparent waterproof glue and 18 parts of water, wherein the clay and the coarse sand are used as main materials, the clay and the coarse sand can play a role of ramming a soil framework, the strength of the rammed soil wall is improved, the water in the soil can be removed by the doped soil curing agent, the strength and durability of the rammed soil wall are further improved, and the waterproof performance of the transparent waterproof glue coated on the surface of the rammed soil wall can be enhanced
Further, the rammed earth wall also comprises a waterproof agent with the mass part of 0.2, wherein the waterproof agent comprises methyl methacrylate and paraffin emulsion, and the mass ratio of the methyl methacrylate to the paraffin emulsion is 1: 1.5.
Further, the rammed earth wall also comprises an anti-cracking agent with the mass part of 0.1 part, wherein the anti-cracking agent comprises polyvinyl alcohol fibers and a UEA expanding agent, and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers to the UEA expanding agent is 1:1.
Further, the clay has a water content of 13.1%, a liquid limit of 21.9%, and a plastic limit of 18.2%.
Further, the average particle size of the coarse sand was 5 mm.
Furthermore, the type of the transparent waterproof glue is PY075 which is permeable and waterproof for a house doctor.
Further, the soil curing agent consists of 20 mass percent of polyvinyl acid, 40 mass percent of anhydrous gypsum and 40 mass percent of cement, the anhydrous gypsum is a product of dihydrate gypsum calcined at high temperature of 900 ℃, and the fineness of the cement is 1000 meshes.
The construction method of the anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall in the embodiment 4 comprises the following steps:
preparing materials: preparing materials according to the weight ratio of 8 parts of clay, 9 parts of coarse sand, 0.007 part of soil curing agent, 0.002 part of transparent waterproof glue, 18 parts of water, 0.2 part of waterproof agent and 0.1 part of anti-cracking agent;
crushing: firstly, crushing the clay and the coarse sand, wherein the particle size of the clay and the coarse sand is required to be not more than 5mm, and the bonding capability of the clay, the coarse sand and the soil curing agent can be improved through crushing;
mixing materials: firstly, mixing clay, coarse sand and a soil mixing agent, stirring for 5min by using a stirrer to obtain a dry mixed material, then adding water, a waterproof agent and an anti-cracking agent into the dry mixed material, stirring for 10min by using the stirrer to obtain a wet mixed material, and stirring by using a stirring mechanism, so that the production efficiency can be improved, and the uniform mixing effect of the materials can also be improved;
fourthly, entering a mold: the mixed wet material prepared in the step three is loaded into a pre-erected mould in a layered mode, and the thickness of one-step mould loading is required to be one layer of 20cm when the mixed wet material is loaded into the mould;
fifth, tamping: after each layer of mixed wet materials is filled in the mold, a pneumatic rammer is needed to tamp the mixed wet materials, each layer of mixed wet materials are tamped back and forth for three times in a 'back' form, and tamping paths among the mixed wet materials of each layer are required to be staggered, wherein the pneumatic rammer is adopted to enhance the tamping force and improve the compaction degree of rammed soil; on the other hand, the effective tamping action area is increased, the tamping work efficiency is improved, and the thickness of the mixed wet material entering the mold at each layer is 20cm, so that the mixed wet material can be fully tamped, the tamping compactness of the mixed wet material is improved, and the strength of the rammed earth wall is further improved;
sixthly, maintenance: after the filling and tamping are finished, the mixed wet material is naturally cured for 20 days, and the internal stress of the rammer in real time is completely released through curing, so that the strength of the rammed earth wall can be further improved;
and seventh, gluing: and after the maintenance is finished, demoulding to obtain the rammed earth wall, and then coating the transparent waterproof glue on the surface of the rammed earth wall.
The samples of the rammed earth walls prepared in the above examples 1 to 4 were used as test examples, the samples of the rammed earth walls prepared from clay in the prior art were used as comparative examples, and the test samples and the comparative examples were subjected to the tests of compressive strength, frost resistance and water absorption, and the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Test items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Comparative example |
| Compressive Strength at Normal temperature (MPa) | 6.7 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 8.0 | 3.5 |
| Compression strength after freezing (MPa) | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 1.3 |
| Water absorption (%) | 35.9 | 35.4 | 40.3 | 42.7 | 20 |
| Coefficient of saturation | 0.89 | 0.76 | 0.92 | 0.94 | 0.65 |
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the rammed earth walls prepared in examples 1 to 4 have high compressive strength and water absorption performance because the rammed earth walls prepared in the comparative examples have high strength, good water resistance, no cracking, freeze thawing resistance, low aging tendency, good durability, water resistance and crack resistance, good ornamental and decorative properties, and good economic benefits.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a waterproof type rammed earth wall of anti-cracking which characterized in that: the rammed earth wall comprises clay, coarse sand, a soil curing agent, a transparent waterproof adhesive and water, wherein the rammed earth wall comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of clay, 8-10 parts of coarse sand, 0.005-0.007 part of soil curing agent, 0.002-0.005 part of transparent waterproof glue and 15-20 parts of water.
2. The anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall according to claim 1, wherein: the rammed earth wall further comprises a waterproof agent in an amount of 0.1-0.2 parts by mass, wherein the waterproof agent comprises methyl methacrylate and paraffin emulsion, and the mass ratio of the methyl methacrylate to the paraffin emulsion is 1: 1-1.5.
3. The anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall according to claim 1, wherein: the rammed earth wall further comprises an anti-cracking agent in an amount of 0.05-0.1 part by mass, wherein the anti-cracking agent comprises polyvinyl alcohol fibers and a UEA expanding agent, and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers to the UEA expanding agent is 1: 0.5-1.
4. The anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall according to claim 1, wherein: the water content of the clay is 13.1%, the liquid limit is 21.9%, and the plastic limit is 18.2%.
5. The anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall according to claim 1, wherein: the average particle size of the coarse sand is 3-5 mm.
6. The anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall according to claim 1, wherein: the transparent waterproof glue is an acrylic emulsion colloid which is formed by taking acrylic emulsion as a base material and adding various modification aids such as a film-forming aid, a thickening agent and the like to be mixed and dispersed.
7. The anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall according to claim 1, wherein: the soil curing agent consists of 15-25% of quicklime, 50-65% of sodium silicate water glass and 15-25% of anhydrous gypsum in percentage by mass, the modulus of the sodium silicate water glass is 0.5-0.8, the content of effective calcium oxide in the quicklime is more than 80%, and the anhydrous gypsum is a product of dihydrate gypsum calcined at the high temperature of 850-900 ℃.
8. The anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall according to claim 1, wherein: the soil curing agent consists of 15-20% by mass of polyvinyl acid, 30-50% by mass of anhydrous gypsum and 20-40% by mass of cement, wherein the anhydrous gypsum is a product of dihydrate gypsum calcined at a high temperature of 850-900 ℃, and the fineness of the cement is 800-1000 meshes.
9. The method for constructing an anti-cracking waterproof rammed earth wall according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
preparing materials: preparing materials according to the weight ratio of 8-10 parts of clay, 8-10 parts of coarse sand, 0.005-0.007 part of soil curing agent, 0.002-0.005 part of transparent waterproof glue and 15-20 parts of water;
crushing: firstly, crushing clay and coarse sand, wherein the particle sizes of the clay and the coarse sand are required to be not more than 5 mm;
mixing materials: firstly, mixing clay, coarse sand and a soil mixing agent, stirring for 2-5 min by using a stirrer to obtain a dry mixed material, then adding water into the dry mixed material, and stirring for 5-10 min by using the stirrer to obtain a wet mixed material;
fourthly, entering a mold: the mixed wet material prepared in the step three is loaded into a pre-erected mould in a layered mode, and the thickness of one-step mould loading is required to be 15-20 cm when the mixed wet material is loaded into the mould;
fifth, tamping: after each layer of mixed wet materials is filled in the mold, a pneumatic rammer is needed to tamp the mixed wet materials, each layer of mixed wet materials is tamped back and forth for three times in a 'return' form, and tamping paths among the mixed wet materials in each layer are required to be staggered;
sixthly, maintenance: after the filling and tamping are finished, naturally curing the mixed wet material for 15-20 days;
and seventh, gluing: and after the maintenance is finished, demoulding to obtain the rammed earth wall, and then coating the transparent waterproof glue on the surface of the rammed earth wall.
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| CN116535177A (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-08-04 | 中建海峡建设发展有限公司 | Soil grouting material formula and process for repairing crack of rammed earth wall |
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