CN113912357A - Antifreezing concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antifreezing concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113912357A CN113912357A CN202111426450.3A CN202111426450A CN113912357A CN 113912357 A CN113912357 A CN 113912357A CN 202111426450 A CN202111426450 A CN 202111426450A CN 113912357 A CN113912357 A CN 113912357A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004227 calcium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004494 calcium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013927 calcium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NEEHYRZPVYRGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O NEEHYRZPVYRGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- ITCAUAYQCALGGV-XTICBAGASA-M sodium;(1r,4ar,4br,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C([O-])=O ITCAUAYQCALGGV-XTICBAGASA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 1-dichloroethane Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- NQBXSWAWVZHKBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOC(C)=O NQBXSWAWVZHKBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses an antifreezing concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) mixing bentonite, perlite, a coupling agent, an antifreezing agent and water for the first time, then performing ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a modified mixture, and mixing the modified mixture and cement for the second time to obtain cement soil; 2) mixing gravel, fine aggregate sand and grinding wheel ash for the third time to obtain an aggregate mixture; 3) and mixing the composite water reducing agent, the air entraining agent, the accelerator and the solvent for the fourth time to obtain an additive mixture, and mixing the cement soil, the aggregate mixture and the additive mixture for the fifth time to obtain the antifreezing concrete. The antifreezing concrete still has excellent antifreezing performance on the premise of using less mineral powder and mineral soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to concrete, in particular to anti-freezing concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The concrete has the advantages of high strength, good durability, simple process and rich raw materials, so that the concrete has a wide application range and becomes an indispensable building material at present. The concrete is usually prepared by mixing aggregate such as cement, sand, stone and the like with water according to a certain proportion and stirring. However, as the modern building industry is rapidly developed, the demand for concrete is higher and higher, and particularly, the demand for concrete for building and road construction in a cold environment is particularly strict. Wherein, the biggest examination is as the frost resistance of the concrete.
Especially, under the condition that the temperature difference between day and night is large, the frozen water can volatilize at the high temperature in the day, so that more gaps can be formed in the concrete, the internal structure of the concrete is loosened, and the durability of the concrete is further influenced. Therefore, some concrete manufacturing enterprises add water reducing agents to reduce the water content in concrete materials during the concrete processing process, thereby improving the frost resistance of the concrete materials to a certain extent, for example, the Chinese patent 'a frost resistant concrete' with the application number of 201610470901.6 discloses a frost resistant concrete which has a certain frost resistance effect, but uses a large amount of water reducing agents during the preparation process, so that the production cost of the concrete is increased virtually, and the slump of the concrete is increased easily, therefore, the improvement is needed.
In order to solve the above problems, patent publication No. CN108503279B discloses an antifreeze concrete, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, weighing 400kg of cement, 80kg of bentonite and 100kg of kaolin, adding the cement, the bentonite and the kaolin into a concrete stirrer, stirring and mixing for 5min, then adding water accounting for 30% of the total amount of the raw materials, stirring and mixing again for 4min, and controlling the stirring speed at 500rpm to prepare the cement soil; s2, weighing 1100kg of 5-15mm broken stone, 800kg of fine aggregate sand and 100kg of grinding wheel ash, adding the grinding wheel ash and the fine aggregate sand into the 5-15mm broken stone, and fully stirring and mixing the materials, wherein the stirring time is 10min, and the stirring speed is 800rpm, so as to obtain a mixture; s3, adding the mixture obtained in the step S2, 75kg of mineral powder and 90kg of fly ash into a concrete stirrer together for stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring time is 20min, and the stirring speed is 500 rpm; s4, weighing 10kg of composite water reducing agent, 3.5kg of air entraining agent, 20kg of antifreezing agent and 3kg of accelerating agent, fully mixing the materials with ethylene glycol accounting for 10% of the total amount of the admixture, adding the mixture into a concrete mixer for stirring, wherein the stirring time is 20min, the stirring speed is 1000rpm, and then discharging to obtain the finished concrete. Although the antifreezing concrete has excellent antifreezing performance, a large amount of mineral powder and mineral soil are used, which is not beneficial to environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an antifreezing concrete and a preparation method thereof, and the antifreezing concrete still has excellent antifreezing performance on the premise of using less mineral powder and mineral soil.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing an antifreeze concrete, comprising:
1) mixing bentonite, perlite, a coupling agent, an antifreezing agent and water for the first time, then performing ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a modified mixture, and mixing the modified mixture and cement for the second time to obtain cement soil;
2) mixing gravel, fine aggregate sand and grinding wheel ash for the third time to obtain an aggregate mixture;
3) and mixing the composite water reducing agent, the air entraining agent, the accelerator and the solvent for the fourth time to obtain an additive mixture, and mixing the cement soil, the aggregate mixture and the additive mixture for the fifth time to obtain the antifreezing concrete.
The invention also provides an antifreeze concrete prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
In the technical scheme, firstly, the bentonite and the perlite are modified in an ultrasonic oscillation mode, so that the antifreezing performance of the concrete is improved through the modified mixture; meanwhile, compared with the prior art (patent of publication number CN 108503279B), the application does not use mineral powder and fly ash, and the usage amount of mineral soil is greatly reduced, so that the environmental protection performance of the concrete is improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The invention provides a preparation method of antifreezing concrete, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing bentonite, perlite, a coupling agent, an antifreezing agent and water for the first time, then performing ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a modified mixture, and mixing the modified mixture and cement for the second time to obtain cement soil;
2) mixing gravel, fine aggregate sand and grinding wheel ash for the third time to obtain an aggregate mixture;
3) and mixing the composite water reducing agent, the air entraining agent, the accelerator and the solvent for the fourth time to obtain an additive mixture, and mixing the cement soil, the aggregate mixture and the additive mixture for the fifth time to obtain the antifreezing concrete.
In step 1) of the present invention, the amount of each material may be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the concrete obtained, it is preferable that the weight ratio of the bentonite, the perlite, the coupling agent, the antifreeze, water and the cement is 80: 40-50: 5-8: 10-13: 100-150: 300-350.
In step 1) of the present invention, the kind of the coupling agent may be selected from a wide range, but in order to further improve the anti-freezing property and strength of the prepared concrete, it is preferable that the coupling agent is selected from at least one of silane coupling agent KH560, silane coupling agent KH550, and silane coupling agent KH 570.
In step 1) of the present invention, the kind of the antifreeze may be selected from a wide range, but in order to further improve the antifreeze performance and strength of the prepared concrete, it is preferable that the antifreeze is selected from at least one of propylene glycol, glycerol, 1-dichloroethane, butyl cellosolve acetate, methanol, and urea.
In step 1) of the present invention, the average particle size of bentonite and perlite can be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the concrete produced, it is preferable that the average particle size of bentonite and perlite is 0.30-0.50 mm.
In step 1) of the present invention, the conditions of the ultrasonic vibration may be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the concrete produced, it is preferable that the ultrasonic vibration satisfies at least the following conditions: the ultrasonic frequency is 30-50KHz, and the oscillation time is 30-50 min.
In step 1) of the present invention, the conditions of the primary mixing may be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the concrete produced, it is preferable that the primary mixing satisfies at least the following conditions: the time is 30-60min, and the stirring speed is 400-600 rpm.
In step 1) of the present invention, the conditions of the second mixing may be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the concrete produced, it is preferable that the second mixing satisfies at least the following conditions: the time is 20-40min, and the stirring speed is 400-600 rpm.
In step 2) of the present invention, the amount of each material may be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the anti-freezing property and strength of the concrete produced, it is preferable that the weight ratio of the crushed stone, the fine aggregate sand and the grinding wheel ash in step 2) is 1000: 500-800: 80-120.
In step 2) of the present invention, the average particle size of the crushed stone may be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the concrete produced, it is preferable that the average particle size of the crushed stone is 5 to 15 mm.
In step 2) of the present invention, the average particle size of the fine aggregate sand may be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the prepared concrete, it is preferable that the average particle size of the fine aggregate sand is 0.35 to 0.60 mm.
In step 2) of the present invention, the conditions of the third mixing may be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the concrete produced, it is preferable that the third mixing satisfies at least the following conditions: the time is 10-20min, and the stirring speed is 700-900 rpm.
In step 3) of the present invention, the amount of each material can be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the anti-freezing performance and strength of the prepared concrete, it is preferable that in step 3), the weight ratio of the composite water reducing agent, the air entraining agent, the accelerator and the solvent is 10: 2-4: 2-4: 3-5, wherein the weight ratio of the cement soil to the aggregate mixture to the additive mixture is 700: 1800-2200: 30-40.
In step 3) of the present invention, the conditions of the fourth mixing may be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the concrete produced, it is preferable that in step 3), the fourth mixing satisfies at least the following conditions: the time is 5-10min, and the stirring speed is 1000-1200 rpm.
In step 3) of the present invention, the conditions of the fifth mixing may be selected within a wide range, but in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the prepared concrete, it is preferable that in step 3), the fifth mixing satisfies at least the following conditions: the time is 15-25min, and the stirring speed is 1000-1200 rpm.
In step 3) of the present invention, the kind of each material may be selected within a wide range, but preferably, in order to further improve the freezing resistance and strength of the prepared concrete, in step 3), the solvent is selected from at least one of ethylene glycol, methanol, propanol and ethanol, the air-entraining agent is selected from at least one of sodium abietate and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, the accelerator is selected from at least one of polyaluminium sulfate, sodium aluminate and calcium carbonate, and the composite water-reducing agent is selected from at least one of sodium gluconate, calcium gluconate and melamine formaldehyde polycondensate.
The invention also provides an antifreeze concrete prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples. In the following examples, cement 1 is indicated by reference numeral 425 and cement 2 by reference numeral 525. 1 part by weight represents 1 Kg.
Example 1
1) Mixing bentonite (average particle size is 0.40mm), perlite (average particle size is 0.40mm), a coupling agent (silane coupling agent KH5604), an antifreezing agent (propylene glycol 4) and water for the first time (time is 50min, stirring speed is 500rpm), then performing ultrasonic oscillation (ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, oscillation time is 40min) to obtain a modified mixture, and mixing the modified mixture and cement 2 for the second time (time is 30min, stirring speed is 500rpm) to obtain cement soil; wherein the weight ratio of the bentonite to the perlite to the coupling agent to the antifreezing agent to the water to the cement 2 is 80: 45: 6: 12: 130: 320, a first step of mixing;
2) gravel (average particle size of 10mm), fine aggregate sand (average particle size of 0.50mm), and grinding wheel ash were mixed in a ratio of 1000: 600: mixing for the third time (time 15min, stirring speed 800rpm) at a weight ratio of 100 to obtain an aggregate mixture;
3) mixing a composite water reducing agent (sodium gluconate), an air entraining agent (sodium abietate), an accelerating agent (polyaluminium sulfate) and a solvent (ethylene glycol) according to the weight ratio of 10: 3: 3: 4 (time 8min, stirring speed 1100rpm) to obtain an additive mixture, mixing the cement soil, the aggregate mixture and the additive mixture according to a weight ratio of 700: 1900: 35 (time 20min, stirring speed 1100rpm) to obtain the antifreeze concrete.
Example 2
1) Mixing bentonite (average particle size is 0.30mm), perlite (average particle size is 0.30mm), coupling agent (silane coupling agent KH550), antifreezing agent (glycerol) and water for the first time (time is 30min, stirring speed is 600rpm), then performing ultrasonic oscillation (ultrasonic frequency is 30KHz, oscillation time is 50min) to obtain a modified mixture, and mixing the modified mixture and cement 2 for the second time (time is 20min, stirring speed is 600rpm) to obtain cement soil; wherein the weight ratio of the bentonite to the perlite to the coupling agent to the antifreezing agent to the water to the cement 2 is 80: 40: 5: 10: 100: 300, respectively;
2) gravel (average particle size of 5mm), fine aggregate sand (average particle size of 0.60mm), and grinding wheel ash were mixed in a ratio of 1000: 500: 80 for the third mixing (time of 10-20in, stirring speed of 700rpm) to obtain an aggregate mixture;
3) mixing a composite water reducing agent (calcium gluconate), an air entraining agent (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate), an accelerating agent (sodium aluminate) and a solvent (methanol) according to the weight ratio of 10: 2: 2: 3 (time 5min, stirring speed 1200rpm) to obtain an additive mixture, and mixing the cement soil, the aggregate mixture and the additive mixture according to a weight ratio of 700: 1800: 30 (time 15min, stirring speed 1200rpm) to obtain the antifreeze concrete.
Example 3
1) Primarily mixing bentonite (the average particle size is 0.50mm), perlite (the average particle size is 0.50mm), a coupling agent (a silane coupling agent KH570), an antifreezing agent (1, 1-dichloroethane) and water (the time is 60min, the stirring speed is 400rpm), then performing ultrasonic oscillation (the ultrasonic frequency is 50KHz, the oscillation time is 30min) to obtain a modified mixture, and secondarily mixing the modified mixture and cement 1 (the time is 40min, and the stirring speed is 400rpm) to obtain cement soil; wherein the weight ratio of bentonite, perlite, coupling agent, antifreezing agent, water and cement 1 is 80: 50: 8: 13: 150: 350 of (a);
2) gravel (average particle size of 15mm), fine aggregate sand (average particle size of 0.60mm), and grinding wheel ash were mixed in a ratio of 1000: 800: 120 for a third mixing (time 20min, stirring speed 700rpm) to obtain an aggregate mixture;
3) mixing a composite water reducing agent (melamine formaldehyde polycondensate), an air entraining agent (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate), an accelerating agent (calcium carbonate) and a solvent (propyl alcohol) according to the weight ratio of 10: 4: 4: 5 (time 10min, stirring speed 1000rpm) to obtain an additive mixture, and mixing the cement soil, the aggregate mixture and the additive mixture according to a weight ratio of 700: 2200: 40 (time 25min, stirring speed 1200rpm) to obtain the antifreeze concrete.
Comparative example 1
The process is carried out according to the method of example 1, with the only difference that the ultrasonic oscillation is changed to the condition of the rotation speed of 400-600rpm for stirring for 30-50 min.
Comparative example 2
The procedure is followed as in example 1, except that the perlite is replaced by an equal weight of bentonite.
Comparative example 3
The procedure is followed as in example 1, except that the bentonite is replaced by perlite of equal weight.
Detection example 1
The concrete of the preparation example is divided into two parts and respectively molded, one part is subjected to various tests before freezing, and the other part is subjected to various tests after 300 rapid freeze-thaw cycles at the temperature of-15 ℃ on day 28 according to the description in GB/T50082, and specific results are shown in Table 1.
The compressive strength is measured by the concrete standard test block with 95 percent of guarantee rate on 7 days and 28 days according to the standard in GB50010 concrete structure design Specification; mass loss rate: and (3) determining a concrete standard test block according to a quick freezing method in GB/T50082, and determining the mass loss rate of the concrete at the cycle times of quick freezing and thawing for 300 times at the temperature of-15-20 ℃.
TABLE 1
It can be known through the table above that ultrasonic oscillation, bentonite and perlite can show the intensity and the frost resistance that improves the concrete, compares through the patent with publication No. CN108503279B simultaneously, and the intensity and the frost resistance of the product of this application show the improvement.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the antifreezing concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) mixing bentonite, perlite, a coupling agent, an antifreezing agent and water for the first time, then performing ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a modified mixture, and mixing the modified mixture and cement for the second time to obtain cement soil;
2) mixing gravel, fine aggregate sand and grinding wheel ash for the third time to obtain an aggregate mixture;
3) and mixing the composite water reducing agent, the air entraining agent, the accelerator and the solvent for the fourth time to obtain an additive mixture, and mixing the cement soil, the aggregate mixture and the additive mixture for the fifth time to obtain the antifreezing concrete.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the bentonite, the perlite, the coupling agent, the antifreezing agent, the water and the cement is 80: 40-50: 5-8: 10-13: 100-150: 300-350.
3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the coupling agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of a silane coupling agent KH560, a silane coupling agent KH550, and a silane coupling agent KH 570;
preferably, the anti-freezing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, glycerol, 1-dichloroethane, ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, methanol and urea;
preferably, the average grain diameter of the bentonite and the average grain diameter of the perlite are both 0.30-0.50 mm;
preferably, the ultrasonic oscillation at least satisfies the following condition: the ultrasonic frequency is 30-50KHz, and the oscillation time is 30-50 min.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the primary mixing satisfies at least the following conditions: the time is 30-60min, and the stirring speed is 400-600 rpm;
preferably, the second mixing satisfies at least the following condition: the time is 20-40min, and the stirring speed is 400-600 rpm.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the weight ratio of the gravel, the fine aggregate sand and the grinding wheel ash is 1000: 500-800: 80-120 parts of;
preferably, the average particle size of the crushed stones is 5-15 mm;
preferably, the fine aggregate sand has an average particle size of 0.35 to 0.60 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the third mixing is performed under at least the following conditions: the time is 10-20min, and the stirring speed is 700-900 rpm.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the weight ratio of the composite water reducing agent, the air entraining agent, the accelerator and the solvent is 10: 2-4: 2-4: 3-5;
the weight ratio of the cement soil to the aggregate mixture to the additive mixture is 700: 1800-2200: 30-40.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3), the fourth mixing satisfies at least the following condition: the time is 5-10min, and the stirring speed is 1000-1200 rpm;
preferably, in step 3), the fifth mixing at least satisfies the following condition: the time is 15-25min, and the stirring speed is 1000-1200 rpm.
9. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the solvent is selected from at least one of ethylene glycol, methanol, propanol and ethanol, the air-entraining agent is selected from at least one of sodium abietate and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the accelerator is selected from at least one of polyaluminium sulfate, sodium aluminate and calcium carbonate, and the composite water reducing agent is selected from at least one of sodium gluconate, calcium gluconate and melamine formaldehyde polycondensate.
10. An antifreeze concrete, characterized in that the antifreeze concrete is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Application publication date: 20220111 |