CN111454023A - Concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111454023A CN111454023A CN202010454065.9A CN202010454065A CN111454023A CN 111454023 A CN111454023 A CN 111454023A CN 202010454065 A CN202010454065 A CN 202010454065A CN 111454023 A CN111454023 A CN 111454023A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, and provides concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of cement 200-plus, 130 parts of water 105-plus, 1050 parts of aggregate 850-plus, 1-6 parts of water reducing agent, 18-36 parts of expanding agent, 12-20 parts of polypropylene fiber, 50-80 parts of modified phosphogypsum and 50-80 parts of nano kaolin, and the phosphogypsum is modified to replace natural gypsum, so that waste is changed into wealth, and the problem of gypsum shortage is solved; the nano kaolin is added, so that the concrete pore can be filled, the concrete is more compact, the cement hydration process can be promoted, and the durability and the strength of the concrete are improved; the water reducing agent improves the phenomenon that the nano kaolin is easy to agglomerate while reducing the dosage of mixing water, and the prepared concrete solves the problems that the existing concrete is insufficient in strength and durability and cannot meet the requirements of modern engineering structures on high-quality concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete is a main material of modern engineering structures, and is widely applied to engineering such as industrial and civil building engineering, road and bridge engineering, hydraulic engineering, underground engineering, national defense construction and the like. It is an artificial stone material made up by using cement as cementing material, aggregate, water and additive and admixture through the processes of uniformly stirring, compacting, curing and hardening.
Patent numbers: 201710988374.2 discloses a concrete formula, a preparation method and a concrete regeneration process thereof, which comprises the following components: cement, sand, broken stone aggregate, fly ash, a binder, a mineral admixture, a concrete additive, quicklime and talcum powder. When the concrete is prepared, the concrete aggregate in the concrete is treated, so that the formed concrete is knocked into smaller concrete at the later stage to be used as the concrete aggregate again, and the phenomenon that the internal structure of the concrete is loosened by acting force generated during hammering to cause the strength of a concrete structure prepared by using the concrete aggregate as recycled concrete aggregate to be obviously reduced is avoided. Although the invention changes waste into valuable and realizes the reutilization of resources, the invention does not improve the performances of the concrete in the aspects of strength, crack resistance, durability and the like, and can not meet the requirement of modern engineering structures on high-quality concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, aiming at the above content, the invention provides concrete and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems that the strength and durability of the concrete in the prior art are insufficient, and the requirement of modern engineering structures on high-quality concrete cannot be met.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
200 portions of cement and 300 portions of cement;
130 portions of water 105-;
850-1050 parts of aggregate;
1-6 parts of a water reducing agent;
18-36 parts of an expanding agent;
12-20 parts of polypropylene fiber;
50-80 parts of modified phosphogypsum;
50-80 parts of nano kaolin.
The further improvement is that: the preparation method of the modified phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: calcium hydroxide and phosphogypsum are stirred and mixed for 2-3h, the mass of the calcium hydroxide is 2 percent of that of the phosphogypsum, and then the calcium hydroxide is calcined for 40-80min at the temperature of 550-750 ℃.
The further improvement is that: the concrete also comprises 32-48 parts of diatomite.
The further improvement is that: the aggregate comprises coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate is crushed stone with the particle size of 5-20mm and continuous gradation, the fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.0-2.5, and the mass ratio of the crushed stone to the river sand is 1: 0.7 to 0.9.
The further improvement is that: the expanding agent is a calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide composite expanding agent.
A preparation method of concrete comprises the following steps:
step 1: pouring the nano kaolin, the diatomite and part of the water reducing agent into water for ultrasonic dispersion for 8-30 min;
step 2: and (3) putting the modified phosphogypsum, the aggregate, the cement, the polypropylene fiber, the expanding agent and the residual water reducing agent into a concrete mixer, stirring for 3-6min, finally adding the solution subjected to the ultrasonic treatment in the step (1), and continuously stirring and mixing for 5-10min to obtain the required concrete.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the concrete construction process, when cement hydration releases heat and leads to the inside and outside difference in temperature of concrete great, can produce the tensile stress at the concrete surface because of the concrete surface cooling process that the heat dissipation leads to, when the tensile stress surpassed the early tensile strength limit of concrete, the concrete was easily cracked and produced the temperature crack. The coagulant is added during concrete construction, so that the coagulation and hardening of concrete can be delayed, the heat release amount of hydration and the hydration reaction rate are reduced, and the occurrence probability of temperature cracks is reduced. The concrete is usually added with a proper amount of gypsum, the gypsum is used as a retarder to adjust the setting time of the cement, and the retarding mechanism is mainly that the gypsum reacts with tricalcium aluminate in the cement to generate hydrated calcium sulphoaluminate (namely, ettringite), so that the concentration of the tricalcium aluminate in the solution is reduced, and the rapid setting phenomenon is avoided. Meanwhile, the ettringite is coated on the surface of the cement particles to form a film which is not easy to permeate water, and the tricalcium aluminate is prevented from further hydrating. In addition, the addition of a proper amount of gypsum can also increase the strength of cement, reduce drying shrinkage deformation and improve the corrosion resistance and impermeability. The phosphogypsum is a solid byproduct generated when phosphorite is treated by sulfuric acid in the production of phosphoric acid, the emission amount is large, the utilization rate is low, meanwhile, the environment is seriously polluted, the phosphogypsum is not well utilized at present, and the common treatment method is to pour the phosphogypsum into rivers, oceans or embankments to build dams and accumulate like mountains. The industrial waste phosphogypsum is used for replacing natural gypsum, so that the environmental pollution caused by industrial waste residue is reduced, waste is turned into wealth, and the problem of gypsum shortage in the cement industry is solved. However, the water-soluble phosphorus, water-soluble fluorine, eutectic phosphorus, organic matters and other harmful substances contained in the phosphogypsum are easy to cause corrosion of production equipment, abnormal setting time of cement and reduction of cement strength, and the application of the phosphogypsum in concrete production is limited. The phosphogypsum is modified by using calcium hydroxide, water-soluble phosphorus and fluorine in the phosphogypsum are neutralized by the calcium hydroxide, insoluble matters are generated and removed, the eutectic phosphorus is insoluble phosphorus entering the crystal lattice of the phosphogypsum, and the eutectic phosphorus is difficult to remove by using the calcium hydroxide.
2. The concrete is likely to generate cracks due to temperature change in the hardening stage, so that the durability, the impermeability and the mechanical property of the concrete are influenced, a proper amount of polypropylene fiber is added into the concrete, the formation of the cracks can be reduced, the further expansion of the formed cracks can be prevented, and meanwhile, the binding force in the concrete is increased by the doping of the polypropylene fiber, so that the concrete is more compact, and the defects of the mechanical property, the durability and the impermeability of the concrete are improved.
3. The nano kaolin has small size and great chemical activity, can be filled in the pores of concrete to enable the concrete to be more compact, and can promote the cement hydration process to generate gel with hydration products, thereby improving the durability and strength of the concrete, particularly improving the early strength of the concrete, and having weaker influence on the later strength. The nano kaolin has large surface energy, is easy to agglomerate when being directly mixed with other concrete raw materials, and reduces the improvement effect of the nano kaolin on the concrete performance, so the invention carries out ultrasonic treatment on the nano kaolin, and adds a proper amount of water reducing agent, and the water reducing agent belongs to a surfactant and can improve the dispersibility of the nano kaolin in a solution. The main component of the nano kaolin is Al2O3And SiO2With the simple addition of nano SiO2Compared with the concrete prepared by the invention, the concrete prepared by the invention has better frost resistance. Further, the raw materialsAdding a certain amount of diatomite which has volcanic ash activity and can add Ca (OH) which is unfavorable for concrete strength2The diatomite and the nano kaolin are uniformly mixed and added, so that the early strength of the concrete can be improved, and the later strength of the concrete can also be improved.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description will be provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
Unless otherwise indicated, the techniques employed in the examples are conventional and well known to those skilled in the art, and the reagents and products employed are also commercially available. The source, trade name and if necessary the constituents of the reagents used are indicated at the first appearance.
Example one
The concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of cement, 105 parts of water, 500 parts of coarse aggregate, 350 parts of fine aggregate, 1 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 18 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide composite expanding agent, 12 parts of polypropylene fiber, 50 parts of modified phosphogypsum, 50 parts of nano kaolin and 32 parts of diatomite. Wherein the coarse aggregate is crushed stone with the grain diameter of 5-20mm and continuous gradation, and the fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.0-2.5. The preparation process of the modified phosphogypsum is that 1 part by weight of calcium hydroxide and 50 parts by weight of phosphogypsum are stirred and mixed for 2 hours and then calcined for 80min at 550 ℃.
A preparation method of concrete comprises the following steps:
step 1: pouring nano kaolin, diatomite and half of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into water, and ultrasonically dispersing for 8 min;
step 2: and (3) putting the modified phosphogypsum, the aggregate, the cement, the polypropylene fiber, the expanding agent and the residual polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a concrete mixer, stirring for 3min, finally adding the solution subjected to ultrasonic treatment in the step (1), and continuously stirring and mixing for 5min to obtain the required concrete.
Example two
The concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 250 parts of cement, 120 parts of water, 530 parts of coarse aggregate, 420 parts of fine aggregate, 3.5 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 27 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide composite expanding agent, 16 parts of polypropylene fiber, 65 parts of phosphogypsum, 60 parts of nano kaolin and 40 parts of diatomite. Wherein the coarse aggregate is crushed stone with the grain diameter of 5-20mm and continuous gradation, and the fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.0-2.5. The preparation process of the modified phosphogypsum is that 1.3 weight parts of calcium hydroxide and 65 weight parts of phosphogypsum are stirred and mixed for 2.5 hours and then calcined for 60min at 650 ℃.
A preparation method of concrete comprises the following steps:
step 1: pouring nano kaolin, diatomite and half of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into water, and ultrasonically dispersing for 20 min;
step 2: and (3) putting the modified phosphogypsum, the aggregate, the cement, the polypropylene fiber, the expanding agent and the residual polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a concrete mixer, stirring for 5min, finally adding the solution subjected to ultrasonic treatment in the step (1), and continuously stirring and mixing for 7min to obtain the required concrete.
EXAMPLE III
The concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of cement, 130 parts of water, 560 parts of coarse aggregate, 490 parts of fine aggregate, 6 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 36 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide composite expanding agent, 20 parts of polypropylene fiber, 80 parts of phosphogypsum, 80 parts of nano kaolin and 48 parts of diatomite. Wherein the coarse aggregate is crushed stone with the grain diameter of 5-20mm and continuous gradation, and the fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.0-2.5. The preparation process of the modified phosphogypsum is that 1.6 weight parts of calcium hydroxide and 80 weight parts of phosphogypsum are stirred and mixed for 3 hours and then calcined for 40min at 750 ℃.
A preparation method of concrete comprises the following steps:
step 1: pouring nano kaolin, diatomite and half of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into water, and ultrasonically dispersing for 30 min;
step 2: and (3) putting the modified phosphogypsum, the aggregate, the cement, the polypropylene fiber, the expanding agent and the residual polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a concrete mixer, stirring for 6min, finally adding the solution subjected to ultrasonic treatment in the step (1), and continuously stirring and mixing for 10min to obtain the required concrete.
Example four
The concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of cement, 105 parts of water, 500 parts of coarse aggregate, 350 parts of fine aggregate, 1 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 18 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide composite expanding agent, 12 parts of polypropylene fiber, 50 parts of phosphogypsum and 50 parts of nano kaolin. The concrete was prepared according to the first example.
Comparative example
The concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of cement, 105 parts of water, 500 parts of coarse aggregate, 350 parts of fine aggregate, 1 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 18 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide composite expanding agent, 12 parts of polypropylene fiber, 50 parts of phosphogypsum, 50 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 32 parts of diatomite. The concrete was prepared according to the first example.
Performance testing
The concrete prepared in the first to fourth examples was tested for slump, impermeability, freezing resistance and compressive strength, and the test results are shown in table 1. The slump test method refers to GB/T50080-2016 Standard test method for common concrete mixture Performance. The impermeability test method refers to GB/T50082-2009 Standard test method for long-term performance and durability of common concrete. The freezing resistance was evaluated by a slow freezing test with the maximum number of freeze-thaw cycles. The test method of the compressive strength refers to GB/T50081-2016 standard for testing the mechanical property of common concrete.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the concrete prepared by the invention has good durability and strength and large slump, which shows that the workability of the concrete is good and is beneficial to construction; the 7d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength of the concrete are higher; the concrete has high anti-permeability grade and can bear larger hydrostatic pressure without water seepage; compared with the fourth embodiment, the compressive strength of the concrete is enhanced after the diatomite is added; example one compared to the comparative example, nano kaolin is more capable of improving the crack resistance of concrete than the commonly used nano silica.
The above description is only an embodiment utilizing the technical content of the present disclosure, and any modification and variation made by those skilled in the art can be covered by the claims of the present disclosure, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed.
Claims (6)
1. A concrete characterized by: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight:
200 portions of cement and 300 portions of cement;
130 portions of water 105-;
850-1050 parts of aggregate;
1-6 parts of a water reducing agent;
18-36 parts of an expanding agent;
12-20 parts of polypropylene fiber;
50-80 parts of modified phosphogypsum;
50-80 parts of nano kaolin.
2. A concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the modified phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: calcium hydroxide and phosphogypsum are stirred and mixed for 2-3h, the mass of the calcium hydroxide is 2 percent of that of the phosphogypsum, and then the calcium hydroxide is calcined for 40-80min at the temperature of 550-750 ℃.
3. A concrete according to claim 2, wherein: the concrete also comprises 32-48 parts of diatomite.
4. A concrete according to claim 3, wherein: the aggregate comprises coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate is crushed stone with the particle size of 5-20mm and continuous gradation, the fine aggregate is river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.0-2.5, and the mass ratio of the crushed stone to the river sand is 1: 0.7 to 0.9.
5. A concrete according to claim 4, wherein: the expanding agent is a calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide composite expanding agent.
6. A method of producing concrete according to claim 5, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: pouring the nano kaolin, the diatomite and part of the water reducing agent into water for ultrasonic dispersion for 8-30 min;
step 2: and (3) putting the modified phosphogypsum, the aggregate, the cement, the polypropylene fiber, the expanding agent and the residual water reducing agent into a concrete mixer, stirring for 3-6min, finally adding the solution subjected to the ultrasonic treatment in the step (1), and continuously stirring and mixing for 5-10min to obtain the required concrete.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113979659A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-28 | 赵源 | Modified beta-phosphogypsum and modification method thereof, modifier for beta-phosphogypsum and application method thereof |
| CN115611540A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-01-17 | 廊坊荣盛混凝土有限公司 | Preparation and application of calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide double-expansion-source concrete |
| CN116283187A (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-06-23 | 上海宝生新型建材有限公司 | Environment-friendly concrete with high compressive strength and preparation method thereof |
| CN116675460A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-09-01 | 湖北腾辰科技股份有限公司 | Seepage-proofing and crack-proofing concrete additive and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115611540A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-01-17 | 廊坊荣盛混凝土有限公司 | Preparation and application of calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide double-expansion-source concrete |
| CN113979659A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-28 | 赵源 | Modified beta-phosphogypsum and modification method thereof, modifier for beta-phosphogypsum and application method thereof |
| CN116283187A (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-06-23 | 上海宝生新型建材有限公司 | Environment-friendly concrete with high compressive strength and preparation method thereof |
| CN116283187B (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-08-22 | 上海宝生新型建材有限公司 | Environment-friendly concrete with high compressive strength and preparation method thereof |
| CN116675460A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-09-01 | 湖北腾辰科技股份有限公司 | Seepage-proofing and crack-proofing concrete additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN116675460B (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2024-02-02 | 湖北腾辰科技股份有限公司 | Seepage-proofing and crack-proofing concrete additive and preparation method thereof |
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