CN113511863A - High-performance anti-freezing concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance anti-freezing concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2623—Polyvinylalcohols; Polyvinylacetates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2682—Halogen containing polymers, e.g. PVC
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/29—Frost-thaw resistance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of concrete, and particularly discloses high-performance anti-freezing concrete which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: cement, water, mineral powder, broken stone, sand, fly ash, a water reducing agent, magnesium lithium silicate, polypropylene fiber and polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a water gel dispersion liquid A: mixing 2/5 water in the raw material with lithium magnesium silicate and stirring; preparing a mixture: stirring cement, mineral powder, broken stone, sand and fly ash, then adding polypropylene fiber, stirring, adding a water reducing agent and 2/5 water, and stirring to obtain a mixture; preparing concrete: and adding the aqueous gel dispersion liquid A and the rest water into the mixture, stirring, finally adding the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, and stirring to obtain the aqueous gel dispersion liquid. This application when concrete freezing resistance performance is specifically improved, can not reduce intensity, can further improve its compressive strength even.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to high-performance frost-resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In northern areas of China, concrete structures are in a freeze-thaw environment, and the internal stress of the concrete is increased and cracks are easily generated due to inconsistent internal and external shrinkage of conventional concrete in the environment.
In order to improve the frost resistance of concrete, an air entraining agent is usually added, which can introduce a large amount of uniformly distributed, stable and closed micro-bubbles into the concrete during the stirring process, and the micro-bubbles can accommodate the migration of free moisture, alleviate the water pressure during icing, and significantly improve the repeated freezing and thawing capacity of the concrete, but the compressive strength can be reduced by about 5% when the air content of the concrete is increased by 1%, and under the condition of the same mixing ratio, because a certain amount of air is introduced into the concrete, the dry shrinkage can be increased, and the shrinkage in various forms is an important cause of concrete cracking, and the cracking problem can also occur in the later stage of the concrete.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide a new method which can greatly improve the frost resistance of the concrete, is more suitable for construction in severe cold regions and other areas, and does not reduce the strength of the concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the frost resistance of concrete and not reduce the strength of the concrete, the application provides the high-performance frost-resistant concrete and the preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a high performance frost resistant concrete, using the following technical scheme:
the high-performance frost-resistant concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of cement in 200-class, 150 parts of water in 120-class, 70-90 parts of mineral powder, 1000 parts of crushed stone in 800-class, 700 parts of sand in 500-class, 60-75 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of water reducing agent, 25-40 parts of magnesium lithium silicate, 30-50 parts of polypropylene fiber and 15-25 parts of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion.
By adopting the technical scheme, the added lithium magnesium silicate plays a role of a thixotropic agent, the rheological property of the concrete is improved, the stress viscosity is lower during pumping, the pumpability is better, the constructability is strong, the concrete is not influenced by external force after being formed, the viscosity is higher, the internal pore structure of the concrete is improved probably due to the change of the viscosity, the compactness of the concrete is increased, the frost resistance of the concrete is greatly improved, and the strength of the concrete is also improved while the frost resistance of the obtained concrete is improved;
the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion has excellent corrosion resistance and certain film forming property, after the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion is compounded with mineral powder, sand, broken stone, fly ash and the like for use, the sand is filled among the broken stone and is lapped to form a basic skeleton of concrete, the mineral powder, the fly ash and the like replace part of cement, the cement consumption is reduced, shrinkage cracks caused by hydration heat are reduced, and the cement formed by mixing the cement, the fly ash and the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion has excellent bonding effect, so that the strength of the concrete can be improved. And the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion is weak in air permeability and water permeability after being dispersed into a film, so that certain obstacles are formed to the expansion of freezing water and the migration of supercooled water in a system in a freeze-thaw environment, and the subsequent drying shrinkage of the swelled magnesium lithium silicate is prevented, so that the frost resistance of the concrete can be improved, and the concrete cracking problem caused by the freeze thawing of the concrete is particularly prevented. The control of the addition amount of the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion enables a part of film structures to exist in a concrete system, the migration and expansion of water are inhibited to a certain degree, and the influence of the magnesium lithium silicate on the pore structure of the concrete is matched, so that the final concrete can be naturally condensed, and the concrete has excellent freezing resistance and compressive strength.
The polypropylene fibers are added to play a role in cracking resistance, and are uniformly dispersed in the cement to play a role similar to a screen, so that particles in the cement-based material are inhibited from sinking, and a capillary channel formed by overflowing of water in a matrix is reduced, so that the antifreezing effect is also played, the finally obtained concrete is more excellent in antifreezing performance, is particularly suitable for severe cold areas, reduces cracks caused by freezing and thawing, cannot be reduced, and can even further improve the strength of the concrete.
Preferably, the concrete further comprises 10 to 25 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyvinyl alcohol has certain viscosity after being dissolved in water, the bonding strength of a concrete system is further increased, the compressive strength of the concrete system is improved, and the polyvinyl alcohol and the magnesium lithium silicate are compounded for use, so that the inorganic rheological additive and the organic rheological additive are compounded for use and then have better anti-freezing performance and strength.
Preferably, the concrete further comprises 25-40 parts of an expanding agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the addition of the expanding agent can offset the cracks generated by the shrinkage of the concrete, and the crack resistance of the concrete is further improved.
Preferably, the swelling agent is calcium sulphoaluminate swelling agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent improves the crack resistance of concrete to a certain extent, but the freeze resistance and the heat resistance of the calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent are poor, and the applicant finds that the frost resistance of the concrete can be further improved by compounding the calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent with polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion and lithium magnesium silicate.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is one or two of sodium lignosulfonate and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Preferably, the fly ash is FI-grade fly ash; the sand is water-washed river sand with fineness modulus of 2.2-1.3; the crushed stone is crushed stone with continuous grain size of 5-25 mm; the cement is 42.5R portland cement; the mineral powder is S95 grade mineral powder.
Preferably, the polypropylene fibers have a length of 10 to 14mm and a diameter of 16 to 20 μm.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a high-performance frost-resistant concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of high-performance anti-freezing concrete comprises the following steps:
preparing a water gel dispersion liquid A: mixing 2/5 water in the raw materials with lithium magnesium silicate, and stirring to obtain a water gel dispersion liquid A;
preparing a mixture: stirring cement, mineral powder, broken stone, sand and fly ash, then adding polypropylene fiber, stirring, adding a water reducing agent and 2/5 water, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
preparing concrete: and adding the aqueous gel dispersion liquid A and the rest water into the mixture, stirring, finally adding the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, and stirring to obtain the aqueous gel dispersion liquid.
According to the technical scheme, firstly, a framework solid material is mixed, polypropylene fibers are added, the mixture is uniformly dispersed in a framework material system, water is added for mixing, then, a water gel dispersion liquid A is added, the water gel dispersion liquid A is uniformly dispersed in a cement system, finally, polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion is added, stirring is carried out, all raw material substances are uniformly dispersed, concrete is obtained, after the obtained concrete is pumped and poured, all raw materials can be bonded into a film in the subsequent process under the action of the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion and the temperature environment of hydration heat, and the film forming in the system is in regional distribution by combining the control of the addition amount of the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, so that the coagulation after the concrete pouring is not influenced.
Preferably, the concrete further comprises 10-25 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and/or 25-40 parts by weight of an expanding agent, the expanding agent is mixed with cement, the polyvinyl alcohol and the residual water in the concrete preparation step are stirred and dispersed to obtain a water gel dispersion liquid B, and the water gel dispersion liquid B and the water gel dispersion liquid A are mixed and then added into the mixture.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the concrete prepared by the method has more excellent frost resistance, is particularly suitable for severe cold areas, reduces cracks caused by freeze thawing, cannot be reduced, and can even further improve the strength of the concrete;
2. the addition of the lithium magnesium silicate and polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion in the application can not only greatly improve the frost resistance of the concrete, but also improve the compressive strength of the concrete.
2. In the application, the polyvinyl alcohol has certain viscosity after being dissolved in water, the bonding strength of a concrete system is further increased, the compressive strength of the concrete system is improved, the polyvinyl alcohol and the magnesium lithium silicate are compounded for use, and the inorganic rheological additive and the organic rheological additive are compounded for use and then have better anti-freezing performance and strength.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are specifically illustrated by the following: the following examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer, and the starting materials used in the following examples are available from ordinary commercial sources unless otherwise specified.
In the following examples and comparative examples, polyvinyl alcohol may be selected from powdered polyvinyl alcohol available from Jinan rich chemical Co., Ltd, model number cx 377;
the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion can be purchased from Takotao plastic raw material Co.Ltd of Dongguan, and is of the brand number Z101;
the polypropylene fiber is long and firm polypropylene fiber from Shanghai Tongji ark special building materials Co., Ltd, the length of the polypropylene fiber is 10-14mm, and the diameter of the polypropylene fiber is 16-20 μm;
the calcium sulfoaluminate expanding agent can be purchased from Guangxi Gao & building materials Co., Ltd, and is GH in model.
The calcium oxide expanding agent can be purchased from Henan energy-gathering new building materials Co, Ltd, and the model is CAL;
the sodium lignosulfonate water reducing agent can be purchased from chemical marketing limited company of Shengfujiang in Tianjin, and has the model of MN-4;
the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent can be purchased from Shandong \37075, Brilliant new building materials science and technology Limited;
the cement is 42.5R portland cement purchased from Ming's Shiwang building materials Ming Hui; the mineral powder is S95 grade mineral powder and can be purchased from Shandong Zhanze Biotech Co., Ltd;
the fly ash is FI-grade fly ash purchased from Sichuan mineral processing factories in Lingshou county, and has a cargo number of t-bas; the sand is water-washed river sand with fineness modulus of 2.2-1.3, and is purchased from Hubei Laishuixin building materials Co., Ltd; the crushed stone is crushed stone with continuous grain size of 5-25mm and is from West river crushed stone factories in Miyun county, Beijing.
The fumed silica can be selected from Texasi fumed silica AEROSIL 200 available from Dingxin plastics materials Ltd of Dongguan;
the organic bentonite is selected from organic bentonite purchased from Shangjin and Chuan trades Co., Ltd, Hui jin Chuan, and the brand is Hui jin Chuan;
the attapulgite can be selected from attapulgite which is purchased from Hebei rock mineral products Limited and has a brand of rock mineral products.
In the following examples and comparative examples, in the step of preparing the aqueous colloidal dispersion a, the dispersion of the lithium magnesium silicate in water may be carried out at room temperature or at high temperature, and the swelling by soaking in water is achieved, and the swelling time at high temperature is short, and the soaking and stirring are usually carried out at room temperature for 1 to 2 hours.
Examples
Example 1
A preparation method of high-performance anti-freezing concrete comprises the following steps:
preparing a water gel dispersion liquid A: mixing 25kg of lithium magnesium silicate with 48kg of water at 35 ℃ and stirring for 30min to obtain a water gel dispersion liquid A;
preparing a mixture: stirring 200kg of cement, 70kg of mineral powder, 800kg of broken stone, 500kg of sand and 60kg of fly ash for 10min, then adding 30kg of polypropylene fiber, stirring for 5min, adding 2kg of water reducing agent and 48kg of water, and stirring for 15min to obtain a mixture;
preparing concrete: and adding the aqueous colloidal dispersion A prepared in the preparation step of the aqueous colloidal dispersion A and 24kg of water into the mixture, stirring for 20min, finally adding 15kg of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, and stirring for 15min to obtain the aqueous colloidal dispersion.
Wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Example 2
A preparation method of high-performance anti-freezing concrete comprises the following steps:
preparing a water gel dispersion liquid A: mixing 32kg of lithium magnesium silicate with 54kg of water at 40 ℃ and stirring for 25min to obtain a water gel dispersion liquid A;
preparing a mixture: stirring 250kg of cement, 80kg of mineral powder, 900kg of broken stone, 600kg of sand and 70kg of fly ash for 10min, then adding 40kg of polypropylene fiber, stirring for 5min, adding 3kg of water reducing agent and 54kg of water, and stirring for 20min to obtain a mixture;
preparing concrete: and adding the aqueous colloidal dispersion A prepared in the preparation step of the aqueous colloidal dispersion A and 27kg of water into the mixture, stirring for 25min, finally adding 20kg of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, and stirring for 20min to obtain the aqueous colloidal dispersion.
Wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Example 3
A preparation method of high-performance anti-freezing concrete comprises the following steps:
preparing a water gel dispersion liquid A: mixing 40kg of lithium magnesium silicate with 60kg of water at 45 ℃ and stirring for 20min to obtain a water gel dispersion liquid A;
preparing a mixture: stirring 300kg of cement, 90kg of mineral powder, 1000kg of broken stone, 700kg of sand and 75kg of fly ash for 15min, then adding 50kg of polypropylene fiber, stirring for 10min, adding 5kg of water reducing agent and 60kg of water, and stirring for 20min to obtain a mixture;
preparing concrete: and adding the aqueous colloidal dispersion A prepared in the preparation step of the aqueous colloidal dispersion A and 30kg of water into the mixture, stirring for 30min, finally adding 25kg of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, and stirring for 20min to obtain the aqueous colloidal dispersion.
Wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Example 4
A process for the preparation of high performance frost resistant concrete, as per the process of example 2, with the exception that the concrete preparation: stirring and dispersing 10kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 27kg of water to obtain a water gel dispersion liquid B, mixing the water gel dispersion liquid B and the water gel dispersion liquid A, adding the mixture obtained in the mixture preparation step, stirring for 30min, finally adding 25kg of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, and stirring for 20min to obtain the polyvinyl chloride copolymer emulsion.
Example 5
A process for the preparation of high performance frost resistant concrete, as per the process of example 2, with the exception that the concrete preparation: stirring and dispersing 18kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 27kg of water to obtain a water gel dispersion liquid B, mixing the water gel dispersion liquid B and the water gel dispersion liquid A, adding the mixture obtained in the mixture preparation step, stirring for 30min, finally adding 25kg of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, and stirring for 20min to obtain the polyvinyl chloride copolymer emulsion.
Example 6
A process for the preparation of high performance frost resistant concrete, as per the process of example 2, with the exception that the concrete preparation: stirring and dispersing 25kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 27kg of water to obtain a water gel dispersion liquid B, mixing the water gel dispersion liquid B and the water gel dispersion liquid A, adding the mixture obtained in the mixture preparation step, stirring for 30min, finally adding 25kg of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, and stirring for 20min to obtain the polyvinyl chloride copolymer emulsion.
Example 7
A process for the preparation of high-performance frost-resistant concrete, as in example 5, with the following exceptions:
preparing a mixture: stirring 25kg of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent, 300kg of cement, 90kg of mineral powder, 1000kg of broken stone, 700kg of sand and 75kg of fly ash for 15min, then adding 50kg of polypropylene fiber, stirring for 10min, adding 5kg of water reducing agent and 60kg of water, and stirring for 20min to obtain a mixture.
Example 8
A process for the preparation of high-performance frost-resistant concrete, as in example 5, with the following exceptions:
preparing a mixture: stirring 35kg of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent, 300kg of cement, 90kg of mineral powder, 1000kg of broken stone, 700kg of sand and 75kg of fly ash for 15min, then adding 50kg of polypropylene fiber, stirring for 10min, adding 5kg of water reducing agent and 60kg of water, and stirring for 20min to obtain a mixture.
Example 9
A process for the preparation of high-performance frost-resistant concrete, as in example 5, with the following exceptions:
preparing a mixture: stirring 40kg of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent, 300kg of cement, 90kg of mineral powder, 1000kg of broken stone, 700kg of sand and 75kg of fly ash for 15min, then adding 50kg of polypropylene fiber, stirring for 10min, adding 5kg of water reducing agent and 60kg of water, and stirring for 20min to obtain a mixture.
Example 10
A process for the preparation of high performance frost resistant concrete, as in example 8, with the following exceptions: in the step of preparing the aqueous dispersion A, the amount of the added magnesium lithium silicate was 25 kg.
Example 11
A process for the preparation of high performance frost resistant concrete, as in example 8, with the following exceptions: in the step of preparing the aqueous dispersion A, the amount of the magnesium lithium silicate added was 40 kg.
Example 12
A process for the preparation of high performance frost resistant concrete, as in example 8, with the following exceptions: in the step of preparing the aqueous dispersion A, the addition amount of the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion is 15 kg.
Example 13
A process for the preparation of high performance frost resistant concrete, as in example 8, with the following exceptions: in the step of preparing the aqueous dispersion A, the addition amount of the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion is 25 kg.
Example 14
A process for the preparation of high performance frost resistant concrete, as in example 8, with the following exceptions: in the step of preparing the mixture, the calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent is replaced by a calcium oxide expanding agent in an equivalent way.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
A method for producing concrete, which was carried out in the same manner as in example 8, except that no copolymer emulsion of magnesium lithium silicate and polyvinylidene chloride was added to the starting materials.
Comparative example 2
A concrete was prepared as in example 8, except that lithium magnesium silicate was replaced with fumed silica in equal amounts.
Comparative example 3
A concrete was prepared as described in example 8, except that lithium magnesium silicate was replaced with organobentonite in equal amounts.
Comparative example 4
A preparation method of concrete is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 8, and is characterized in that the attapulgite is replaced by the lithium magnesium silicate in an equal amount.
Comparative example 5
A concrete was prepared as in example 8, except that lithium magnesium silicate was replaced with polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion in equal amounts.
Comparative example 6
A concrete was prepared as described in example 8, except that the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion was replaced with lithium magnesium silicate in equal amounts.
Comparative example 7
A concrete was produced by following the procedure in example 8 except that the amount of magnesium lithium silicate added was 20 kg.
Comparative example 8
A concrete was produced by following the procedure in example 8 except that the amount of magnesium lithium silicate added was 45 kg.
Comparative example 9
A concrete was prepared as described in example 9, except that the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion was replaced with polyvinyl alcohol in equal amounts.
Comparative example 10
A concrete was prepared as described in example 8, except that 12kg of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion was added.
Comparative example 11
A concrete was prepared as described in example 8, except that the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion was added in an amount of 30 kg.
Comparative example 12
A method of making concrete was performed as in example 8, except that polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, calcium sulfoaluminate expansive agent, and lithium magnesium silicate were not added to the raw materials.
Performance detection
The concrete obtained in the examples and the comparative examples is subjected to detection on the compressive strength and the freeze-thaw performance, the compressive strength is made into a standard test block according to GB/T50081-2002 Standard test method for mechanical Properties of ordinary concrete, and the compressive strength of the standard test block is measured after being cured for 28 days and 60 days; the freeze-thaw performance detection method comprises the following steps: soaking a concrete test block which is maintained for 28d in standard for 24h, wiping off surface moisture, and then putting the concrete test block into a freeze-thaw box for freeze-thaw cycle test, wherein the concrete test steps refer to a quick-freeze freezing-thawing test in GB/T50082-plus-material 2009 Standard test method for testing long-term performance and durability of common concrete, after 25 cycles of the freeze-thaw test, the compression strength is detected, the ratio of the compression strength before and after the freeze-thaw of the test block is a freeze-tolerant coefficient, and the smaller the freeze-tolerant coefficient value is, the stronger the freeze-tolerant performance is. The measurement results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1:
referring to the detection results in the table 1 above and the detection results in the examples 2 and 4 to 6, polyvinyl alcohol is added in the concrete raw material step, the compressive strength and the frost resistance are firstly obviously increased with the increase of the addition amount of the polyvinyl alcohol, and then the amplitude is smaller, and the pumpability of the concrete raw material is reduced when the addition amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is too large, wherein the addition amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 10 to 25kg, and the pumpability of the concrete raw material is better when the concrete raw material has better compressive strength and frost resistance;
referring to the test results of example 5 and examples 7-9, it can be seen that the antifreeze performance of the raw material system is further enhanced by the addition of the calcium sulfoaluminate expanding agent, and the antifreeze performance is enhanced first and then basically unchanged with the increase of the addition amount of the calcium sulfoaluminate; referring to the detection results of the embodiment 14 and the embodiment 8, it can be seen that the anti-freezing performance of the calcium sulphoaluminate is reduced when the calcium sulphoaluminate is replaced by other expanding agents, and referring to the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 12, it can be seen that the influence of the magnesium lithium silicate and the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion on the anti-freezing performance is small when the magnesium lithium silicate and the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion are not added in the raw materials and only the calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent is added in the raw materials.
Referring to the test results of examples 8, 10-11 and comparative examples 7 and 8, it can be seen that, with the addition of magnesium lithium silicate, the frost resistance of the concrete is firstly significantly increased and then slightly changed, the compressive strength is firstly increased and then slightly reduced, when the addition amount of magnesium lithium silicate is too low, the frost resistance is low, when the addition amount is too large, the frost resistance is slightly reduced, and the compressive strength is significantly reduced;
referring to the results of examples 8, 12-13 and 10-11, it can be seen that the addition of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion increases, the frost resistance and compressive strength of the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion are both enhanced significantly, and then the enhancement range is reduced, while when the addition of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion is too small, the frost resistance and compressive strength are lower, and when the addition is too large, the compressive strength and frost resistance are not changed basically, and the setting time is longer.
Referring to the detection results of comparative example 1, example 8, comparative example 5 and comparative example 6, it can be seen that the synergistic effect of the magnesium lithium silicate and the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion is achieved when the magnesium lithium silicate and the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion are compounded, and the frost resistance and the compressive strength of the concrete are greatly improved.
Referring to the detection results of comparative examples 2 to 4 and example 8, it can be seen that when fumed silica or attapulgite and other raw materials with thixotropic properties are adopted, although the frost resistance and the compressive strength are enhanced, the performance of the concrete is far lower than that of the concrete prepared by compounding the lithium magnesium silicate and the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion in example 8; referring again to the test results of example 8 and comparative example 9, it can be seen that the polyvinyl alcohol equivalent-substituted polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion has poor anti-freeze properties.
In addition, after the concrete prepared in the above examples is subjected to the above-mentioned 25 cycles of freeze-thaw, the concrete test block hardly generates cracks, and has excellent frost resistance, while the concrete in the comparative example gradually generates cracks during repeated freeze-thaw, the strength of the concrete whole test block is reduced, and especially the cracking phenomenon in the concrete freeze-thaw tests in the comparative examples 1 and 12 is serious. It can be seen that the concrete obtained by compounding the lithium magnesium silicate and the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion has better frost resistance, when the addition amount of the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion is too large, the frost resistance and the compressive strength are basically unchanged, and the setting time is prolonged, so that the addition amount of the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion in the embodiment is 15-25kg, the excellent frost resistance and the compressive strength are realized, the forming of the concrete is not influenced, and when polyvinyl alcohol is further added on the basis of compounding the lithium magnesium silicate and the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, the frost resistance and the compressive strength are further enhanced, and the forming of the concrete is not influenced.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The high-performance frost-resistant concrete is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
300 parts of cement in 200-class, 150 parts of water in 120-class, 70-90 parts of mineral powder, 1000 parts of crushed stone in 800-class, 700 parts of sand in 500-class, 60-75 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of water reducing agent, 25-40 parts of magnesium lithium silicate, 30-50 parts of polypropylene fiber and 15-25 parts of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion.
2. A high performance frost resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the concrete also comprises 10-25 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.
3. A high performance frost resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the concrete also comprises 25-40 parts of an expanding agent.
4. A high performance frost resistant concrete according to claim 3, wherein: the swelling agent is calcium sulphoaluminate swelling agent.
5. A high performance frost resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the water reducing agent is one or two of sodium lignosulfonate or polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
6. A high performance frost resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the fly ash is FI-grade fly ash; the sand is water-washed river sand with fineness modulus of 2.2-1.3; the crushed stone is crushed stone with continuous grain size of 5-25 mm; the cement is 42.5R portland cement; the mineral powder is S95 grade mineral powder.
7. A high performance frost resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the polypropylene fiber is 10-14mm, and the diameter is 16-20 μm.
8. A process for the preparation of a high performance frost-resistant concrete according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
preparing a water gel dispersion liquid A: mixing 2/5 water in the raw materials with lithium magnesium silicate, and stirring to obtain a water gel dispersion liquid A;
preparing a mixture: stirring cement, mineral powder, broken stone, sand and fly ash, then adding polypropylene fiber, stirring, adding a water reducing agent and 2/5 water, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
preparing concrete: and adding the aqueous gel dispersion liquid A and the rest water into the mixture, stirring, finally adding the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, and stirring to obtain the aqueous gel dispersion liquid.
9. The method for preparing a high performance frost-resistant concrete according to claim 8, wherein: the concrete further comprises 10-25 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and/or 25-40 parts by weight of an expanding agent, the expanding agent is mixed with cement and added, the polyvinyl alcohol and the water left in the concrete preparation step are stirred and dispersed to obtain a water gel dispersion liquid B, and the water gel dispersion liquid B and the water gel dispersion liquid A are mixed and added into the mixture.
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