CN113909594A

CN113909594A - Electrochemical machining device and electrochemical machining method for island-shaped special-shaped boss

Info

Publication number: CN113909594A
Application number: CN202111322794.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄明涛; 张明岐; 傅军英; 程小元
Original assignee: AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
Current assignee: AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
Priority date: 2021-11-09
Filing date: 2021-11-09
Publication date: 2022-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-09
Also published as: CN113909594B

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrolytic machining device and an electrolytic machining method for island-shaped special-shaped bosses, which comprise the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of processing a cathode, a water jacket and a fixing sleeve, wherein the processed cathode is a hollow conductor; the machining water jacket is sleeved on the machining cathode and can move along the length direction of the machining cathode, and a first inner cavity is formed by the inner wall of the machining water jacket and the part to be machined; a processing area electrolyte inlet communicated with the first inner cavity is formed outside the processing water jacket; the fixed sleeve is sleeved on the processing cathode, a second inner cavity is formed in the fixed sleeve, a static liquid area electrolyte inlet communicated to the second inner cavity is formed in the outer portion of the fixed sleeve, a piston body is arranged in the second inner cavity, the piston body is connected with a piston rod, and one end of the piston rod is arranged in the second inner cavity. The invention realizes the fastening of the reverse flow type water jacket and solves the problem that the part to be processed with densely distributed bosses has no position to fix the water jacket.

Description

Electrochemical machining device and electrochemical machining method for island-shaped special-shaped boss

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, in particular to an electrolytic machining device and an electrolytic machining method for island-shaped special-shaped bosses.

Background

In advanced aviation and aerospace engines in China, integral structural parts are increasingly adopted, wherein a casing is an important force bearing part of the aviation engine and is characterized by large overall dimension and thin wall thickness, and island-shaped special-shaped bosses with different shapes are distributed on the inner wall and the outer wall of the casing. If the mechanical processing is adopted, the problems of large mechanical processing removal amount, long processing period and large cutter consumption are existed, and in addition, the deformation is difficult to control because of large residual stress. And the electrochemical machining can adopt a forming cathode to realize the forming of a complex boss, a cavity and a molded surface by simple feeding. Compared with the traditional mechanical processing, the electrolytic processing can greatly improve the efficiency in the processing of complex structures such as a case and the like; because the processing cathode is not consumed, a large amount of cutter cost can be saved, and the cost can be greatly reduced. Electrolytic machining has significant advantages in the manufacture of the cartridge.

A typical boss electrochemical process flow field is shown in figure 1. In the electrolytic machining of the special-shaped boss structure, a forward flow type is mostly adopted. The forward flow type liquid inlet device is generally adopted due to the fact that the liquid inlet device is simple in design and manufacture and easy to achieve. However, the forward flow type forms a divergent processing flow field, the requirement on flow pressure during processing is high, and the sufficient scouring flow velocity is obtained only through high electrolyte pressure to make up for the deficiency of the divergent processing flow field. The water outlet of the positive flow processing is positioned on the side surface of the boss, so that the forming control of the side surface of the boss is very difficult due to the divergently-scoured flow field, flow marks scoured by electrolyte are formed, the processing precision and the surface quality are influenced, and short circuit can occur in serious cases, so that the cathode and workpieces are burnt and damaged.

For the island-shaped special-shaped boss of the casing with higher requirements on all dimensions (including the side surface), the reverse flow type processing is mostly adopted, as shown in fig. 1. The convergence machining flow field formed by the reverse flow type has low requirement on flow pressure, the flow field is stable, and higher machining precision and surface quality are easy to obtain.

During electrolytic machining, the water jacket needs to be fixed on the machining surface, and the water jacket and the surface of the casing need to be tightly attached, so that the electrolyte is prevented from leaking through the contact surface of the water jacket and the casing, and the loss of the electrolyte flowing to a machining area is avoided. For the surface of the casing with densely distributed island-shaped special-shaped bosses, the water jacket cannot be fixed by a conventional mechanical connection mode which is usually adopted due to the limitation of a processing area space.

In view of the fact that island-shaped special-shaped bosses are densely distributed, how to provide a counter-flow type electrolytic processing device is a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

(1) Technical problem to be solved

The first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides an island-shaped special-shaped boss electrolytic machining device which comprises a machining cathode, a machining water jacket and a fixing sleeve, wherein the machining cathode is a conductor with a hollow structure. The invention realizes the fastening of the reverse flow type water jacket and solves the problem that the part to be processed with densely distributed bosses has no position to fix the water jacket.

The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides an island-shaped special-shaped boss electrolytic machining method, which comprises the following steps: and (3) pressing the processing water jacket, introducing electrolyte solution into the electrolyte inlet of the processing area, introducing electrolyte into the electrolyte inlet of the hydrostatic area, connecting the processing cathode with the cathode of the direct-current power supply, connecting the part to be processed with the anode of the direct-current power supply, and starting the electrolytic processing operation. The invention realizes the fastening of the reverse flow type water jacket, and the electrolytic machining process is convenient and the application is convenient.

(2) Technical scheme

The embodiment of the invention provides an electrolytic machining device for island-shaped special-shaped bosses in a first aspect, which comprises: the machining cathode is a conductor with a hollow structure, the shape of the section of the end part of the machining cathode facing the part to be machined corresponds to the forming contour of the part to be machined, and insulating layers are arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the machining cathode; the machining water jacket is sleeved on the machining cathode and can move along the length direction of the machining cathode, the machining water jacket is arranged towards one end of a to-be-machined area of the to-be-machined part in an opening mode, and a first inner cavity is formed by the inner wall of the machining water jacket and the to-be-machined part; a processing area electrolyte inlet communicated with the first inner cavity is formed outside the processing water jacket; the processing cathode is sleeved with the fixed sleeve, a second inner cavity is formed in the fixed sleeve, a static liquid area electrolyte inlet communicated with the second inner cavity is formed in the outer portion of the fixed sleeve, a piston body is arranged in the second inner cavity and connected with a piston rod, one end of the piston rod is arranged in the second inner cavity, the other end of the piston rod is communicated with the outer portion of the fixed sleeve and is abutted to the outer wall of the processing water jacket, and the piston rod is parallel to the length direction of the processing cathode and used for driving the processing water jacket to face or be far away from the part to be processed.

Further, a sealing gasket is arranged at an opening of one end, facing the part to be machined, of the machining water jacket.

Further, one end of the machining cathode, which is far away from the part to be machined, is arranged on the cathode mounting seat.

Furthermore, an electrolyte outlet is formed in one end, far away from the part to be processed, of the processing cathode, a hollow structure is arranged inside the cathode mounting seat, the electrolyte outlet is communicated to the inside of the cathode mounting seat, and an electrolyte recycling port communicated with the inside is formed in the cathode mounting seat.

Further, the cathode mounting seat is mounted on a spindle of the electrolytic machining machine tool.

Further, the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the cathode mounting seat.

Further, the distance between the piston body and the electrolyte inlet of the static liquid area is larger than the distance between the fixed sleeve and the processing water jacket.

Further, the inner diameter of the fixing sleeve is not less than twice of the inner diameter of the machining water jacket.

Further, a processing part is arranged at the end part, facing the part to be processed, of the processing cathode, and the cross section of the processing part corresponds to the molding contour of the part to be processed; the distance between the upper inner wall of the processing water jacket and the processing part is larger than the sum of the thickness of the processing part and the initial processing clearance.

An embodiment of the invention in a second aspect provides an electrochemical machining method for the electrochemical machining device for island-shaped special-shaped bosses according to any one of the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention, comprising the following steps:

applying pressure to the processing water jacket towards the to-be-processed area of the to-be-processed part for pressing;

introducing electrolyte solution into the electrolyte inlet of the processing area, and introducing electrolyte into the electrolyte inlet of the hydrostatic area;

connecting the processing cathode with the negative pole of a direct current power supply, connecting the part to be processed with the positive pole of the direct current power supply, setting the electrochemical machining parameters, and starting the electrochemical machining operation until the electrochemical machining is finished.

(3) Advantageous effects

According to the invention, the second inner cavity can be filled with the electrolyte, and the electrolyte exerts acting force on the piston body after being filled into the second inner cavity, so that the piston body moves outwards to expand the internal volume and release pressure, and further the purpose that the piston rod pushes the piston rod to move is realized. Therefore, the piston rod applies thrust to the machining water jacket in the direction parallel to the length direction of the machining cathode, and the machining water jacket is driven to be tightly attached to the part to be machined.

In conclusion, the reverse flow type water jacket is fastened by adopting the differential pressure generated by the fixed sleeve and different areas of the processing water jacket, so that sufficient electrolyte is provided for the processing area, the reverse flow type water jacket is fastened, and the problem that the position to be processed with densely distributed bosses has no position to fix the water jacket is solved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a typical electrochemical process flow field.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an electrochemical machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: the electrolytic machining tool comprises a main shaft 1 of the electrolytic machining tool, a cathode mounting seat 2, an electrolyte outlet 3, a machining cathode 4, a fixing sleeve 5, a piston body 6, a machining water jacket 7, a part to be machined 8, a static liquid area electrolyte inlet 9, a machining area electrolyte inlet 10, an electrolyte recovery opening 11, a second inner cavity 12, a first inner cavity 13, a machining area 14, a sealing gasket 15, a piston rod 16 and a machining part 17.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, alterations, and improvements in the parts, components, and connections without departing from the spirit of the invention.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

The present application will be described in detail with reference to the embodiment shown in fig. 2.

According to the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the electrolytic machining device for the island-shaped special-shaped bosses comprises: the machining cathode 4 is a conductor with a hollow structure, the cross section of the end part of the machining cathode 4 facing the part 8 to be machined corresponds to the forming contour of the part 8 to be machined, and insulating layers are arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the machining cathode 4; the machining water jacket 7 is sleeved on the machining cathode 4 and can move along the length direction of the machining cathode 4, the machining water jacket 7 is arranged towards one end of a to-be-machined area of the to-be-machined part 8 in an opening mode, and a first inner cavity 13 is formed by the inner wall of the machining water jacket 7 and the to-be-machined part 8; a processing area electrolyte inlet 10 communicated with the first inner cavity 13 is formed outside the processing water jacket 7; the processing cathode 4 is sleeved with the fixed sleeve 5, a second inner cavity 12 is formed in the fixed sleeve 5, a static liquid area electrolyte inlet 9 communicated with the second inner cavity 12 is formed in the outer portion of the fixed sleeve 5, a piston body 6 is arranged in the second inner cavity 12, the piston body 6 is connected with a piston rod 16, one end of the piston rod 16 is arranged in the second inner cavity 12, the other end of the piston rod 16 is communicated with the outer portion of the fixed sleeve 5 and is abutted against the outer wall of the processing water jacket 7, and the piston rod 16 is parallel to the length direction of the processing cathode 4 and used for driving the processing water jacket 7 to face or be far away from the part 8 to be processed.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2, in which the machining cathode 4 is used as a cathode during electrolytic machining, the to-be-machined part 8 is used as an anode during electrolytic machining, and the machining cathode 4 and the to-be-machined part 8 can be respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a dc machining power supply during electrolytic machining. Therefore, the part 8 to be processed is used as an anode, the material of the part can be removed in the electrolytic processing process, the processing cathode 4 is not consumed, a large amount of cutter cost can be saved, and the cost can be greatly reduced.

Meanwhile, in the embodiment of the invention, the processing cathode 4 is sleeved with the processing water jacket 7, the processing water jacket 7 can be attached to the surface of the to-be-processed part 8 during processing, the electrolyte is supplemented to the to-be-processed area of the to-be-processed part 8 through the processing area electrolyte inlet 10 on the processing water jacket 7, the electrolyte overflows from the hollow structure of the processing cathode 4 after passing through the processing area 14, the supplemented electrolyte is used for conducting an electrolytic processing circuit on one hand, and on the other hand, a product generated by electrolytic processing can be taken out, so that the reverse flow type electrolytic processing shown in figure 1 is realized, and a convergence processing flow field formed by the reverse flow type electrolytic processing has the advantages of low requirement on the flow pressure of the electrolyte entering from the processing area electrolyte inlet 10, stable flow field and easiness in obtaining higher processing precision and surface quality.

In order to solve the problem that the island-shaped special-shaped bosses are densely distributed and the processing region space is limited easily to cause that the processing water jacket 7 cannot be fixed in a conventional mechanical connection mode, in the embodiment of the invention, the processing cathode 4 is sleeved with the fixing sleeve 5, the fixing sleeve 5 can be fixed at a fixed position on the processing cathode 4 without moving, a piston body 6 is arranged in a second inner cavity 12 formed in the fixing sleeve 5, and the piston body 6 is abutted to the outer wall of the processing water jacket 7 through the connected piston rod 16. Therefore, the second inner cavity 12 can be filled with the electrolyte (the electrolyte can be the electrolyte from the same source as the electrolyte entering the processing region electrolyte inlet 10), and after the electrolyte is filled into the second inner cavity 12, acting force is applied to the piston body 6, so that the piston body 6 moves outwards to expand the inner volume to release pressure, and further the purpose that the piston body 6 pushes the piston rod 16 to move is achieved, and finally, the piston rod 16 abuts against the outer wall of the processing water jacket 7, and the length direction of the piston rod 16 is parallel to the length direction of the processing cathode 4. Therefore, the piston rod 16 applies thrust to the machining water jacket 7 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the machining cathode 4, and the machining water jacket 7 is driven to be tightly attached to the part 8 to be machined.

When the machining process is carried out, the part to be machined is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply, the machining cathode 4 is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, the machining cathode 4 is continuously fed along the normal direction of the surface of the part to be machined, and the material of the part to be machined 8 is continuously removed until the part to be machined 8 is machined. At the moment, the electrolyte can be continuously supplemented through the electrolyte inlet 9 in the hydrostatic zone, the piston body 6 is continuously in a high-pressure environment, and the piston rod 16 always generates a thrust action on the machining water jacket 7 under the thrust action of the piston body 6, so that the machining water jacket 7 is always tightly attached to the surface of the part 8 to be machined.

In summary, the embodiment of the invention adopts the differential pressure generated by the different areas of the fixed sleeve 5 and the processing water jacket 7 to realize the fastening of the reverse flow type water jacket, so that the reverse flow type water jacket is fastened while sufficient electrolyte is provided for the processing area, and the problem that the position to be processed with densely distributed bosses has no position to fix the water jacket is solved.

In addition, the electrolyte in the fixed sleeve 5 and the processing water jacket 7 is homologous electrolyte, and the homologous electrolyte can provide the electrolyte in the fixed sleeve 5 and the processing water jacket 7 at the same time, so that the integral structure is simplified, the integral layout is more compact, and an effective technical approach is provided for precision processing of parts with higher boss density.

Of course, the electrolyte in the fixing sleeve 5 and the electrolyte in the processing water jacket 7 may be connected to different sources, and the electrolyte may be determined according to the needs and should not limit the application.

According to another embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 2, the processing water jacket 7 is provided with a sealing gasket 15 at an opening end facing the component 8 to be processed. The sealing gasket 15 can further improve the compactness between the processing water jacket 7 and the part 8 to be processed, and the electrolyte in the processing water jacket 7 is prevented from overflowing from the position between the processing water jacket 7 and the part 8 to be processed, so that the electrolyte can be saved, the electrolyte completely flows out from the processing cathode 4, a complete reverse flow type electrolytic processing mode is formed, and the electrolytic processing effect is favorably improved.

According to another embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 2, the end of the machining cathode 4 remote from the part to be machined 8 is mounted on a cathode mount 2. The cathode mount 2 is provided for connection with a machining cathode 4 so that the entire apparatus can be mounted on the cathode mount 2 for easy movement during machining.

Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, an electrolyte outlet 3 is provided at an end of the processing cathode 4 away from the component 8 to be processed, the inside of the cathode mounting base 2 is a hollow structure, the electrolyte outlet 3 is communicated to the inside of the cathode mounting base 2, and an electrolyte recovery port 11 communicated with the inside is provided on the cathode mounting base 2. Thus, the electrolyte enters the region to be processed through the electrolyte inlet 10 of the processing region, takes away impurities generated by processing, passes through the processing cathode 4, the electrolyte outlet 3 and the inside of the cathode mounting seat 2, and is finally discharged from the electrolyte recovery port 11 to form a complete flow circulation.

Further, according to still another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the cathode mount 2 is mounted on the spindle 1 of the electrolytic machine. Therefore, the electrolytic machining device of the embodiment of the invention can be driven by the electrolytic machining machine tool main shaft 1 of the electrolytic machining machine tool, so that the automatic operation of electrolytic machining can be better realized.

In particular, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the fixing sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to the cathode mounting seat 2. For example, referring to fig. 2, the fixing sleeve 5 is fixed to the cathode mounting base 2 by screws, so that the mounting stability of the fixing sleeve 5 can be improved. Of course, as shown in fig. 2, the machining cathode 4 may be fixed to the cathode mounting base 2 by screws, so that the stability of the installation of the whole apparatus to the cathode mounting base 2 may be improved.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer is an insulating epoxy resin coating, and the insulating epoxy resin coating has the advantages of thin layer wall, good insulating effect and close adhesion.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the piston body 6 is at a greater distance from the electrolyte inlet 9 of the hydrostatic zone than the distance between the fixing sleeve 5 and the machining water jacket 7. Referring to fig. 2, the distance of the piston body 6 from the electrolyte inlet 9 in the dead space can be recorded as H1, and the distance between the fixing sleeve 5 and the processing water jacket 7 can be recorded as H2. When H1 is greater than H2, it is ensured that the piston body 6 still has a longer space in the second inner cavity 12, and then sufficient space is used for filling the electrolyte from the same source as that entering the processing water jacket 7 to drive the piston body 6 and the piston rod 16 to move, and sufficient space is ensured to be filled with sufficient filled electrolyte, so that sufficient high pressure can be provided, so when the distance from the piston body 6 to the electrolyte inlet 9 in the hydrostatic zone is greater than the distance between the fixed sleeve 5 and the processing water jacket 7, the applied force can meet the use requirement, and the pushing effect is optimal.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the internal diameter of said fixing sleeve 5 is not less than twice the internal diameter of said machining water jacket 7. Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, both the fixing sleeve 5 and the processing water jacket 7 may be cylindrical structures, when the inner diameter of the fixing sleeve 5 is recorded as L1, and the inner diameter of the processing water jacket 7 is recorded as L2, when L1 is greater than 2L2, it may be ensured that the fixing sleeve 5 may be filled with sufficient electrolyte, so as to provide sufficient high pressure, so that the applied acting force may meet the use requirement, and the pushing effect is optimal.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the end of the machining cathode 4 facing the component 8 to be machined is provided with a machined portion 17, the cross-sectional shape of the machined portion 17 corresponding to the profiled contour of the component 8 to be machined; the distance from the upper inner wall of the processing water jacket 7 to the processing part 17 is larger than the sum of the thickness of the processing part 17 and the initial processing clearance. Referring to fig. 2, the distance from the upper inner wall of the machining water jacket 7 to the machining portion 17 may be recorded as h1, and the thickness of the machining portion 17 may be recorded as h2, that is, h1 is greater than h2+ the initial machining gap. This ensures that the machining water jacket 7 does not come into rigid contact with the machining portion 17 during movement, which may cause a stop of the machining process and damage to equipment.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an electrolytic processing method for use in an island-shaped deformed boss electrolytic processing apparatus according to any one of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention. The above-mentioned detailed description of the island-shaped special-shaped boss electrolytic processing device according to any one of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention is omitted for brevity. The electrolytic processing method according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, applying pressure to a to-be-machined area of a to-be-machined part 8 by a machining water jacket 7 for pressing; secondly, introducing electrolyte solution into an electrolyte inlet 10 of the processing area, and introducing electrolyte into an electrolyte inlet 9 of the hydrostatic area; and finally, connecting the machining cathode 4 with the negative pole of a direct current power supply, connecting the part to be machined 8 with the positive pole of the direct current power supply, setting the electrochemical machining parameters, and starting the electrochemical machining operation until the electrochemical machining is finished.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the component 8 to be processed is first fixed on a worktable, then the island-shaped special-shaped boss electrochemical machining device of the first aspect of the present invention is directed toward and close to the region to be processed of the component 8 to be processed, i.e., the processing region 14 in fig. 1, and the processing water jacket 7 of the island-shaped special-shaped boss electrochemical machining device is pressed toward the region to be processed of the component 8 to be processed by external force, so as to preliminarily seal the processing water jacket 7 to form the first inner cavity 13.

Subsequently, the electrolyte is introduced into the electrolyte inlet 9 of the static liquid area, and after the electrolyte is introduced into the electrolyte inlet 9 of the static liquid area, the pressure in the second inner cavity 12 is increased, so that a thrust force towards the side of the part to be machined 8 is generated on the piston body 6, the thrust force is applied to the machining water jacket 7 through the piston rod 16, the machining water jacket 7 is continuously and stably abutted with the part to be machined 8, the sealing performance of the first inner cavity 13 is maintained, and the electrolyte cannot overflow.

Then, the electrolyte is introduced into the electrolyte inlet 10 of the processing area, and the electrolyte can be continuously input by using an electrolyte tank for storing the electrolyte from the outside under the condition of pumping pressure, so that the electrolyte can enter the first inner cavity 13 and flow out through the hollow structure of the processing cathode 4, circulation of a washing point decomposition product is formed, and circuit conduction between the processing cathode 4 and the part 8 to be processed is formed.

Finally, the machining cathode 4 is connected with the negative pole of the direct current power supply, the part to be machined 8 is connected with the positive pole of the direct current power supply, the electrochemical machining parameters are set according to the actual conditions of the electrochemical machining, and the electrochemical machining operation is started. During the electrolytic machining, the machining area 14 of the part to be machined 8 disappears continuously, at this time, the machining cathode 4 continuously moves towards the inner side of the part to be machined 8 under the pushing of external force (the machining cathode 4 can continuously apply force towards the part to be machined 8 during the installation), and the machining water jacket 7 is continuously abutted with the part to be machined 8 under the pushing of the piston rod 16, so that the electrolyte cannot overflow to the end of the electrolytic machining due to the fact that a notch is formed due to the disappearance of the material of the machining area 14.

After the electrolytic machining is finished, the direct-current power supply can be disconnected, then the electrolyte is stopped being supplemented into the electrolyte inlet 10 of the machining area, the electrolyte is stopped being introduced into the electrolyte inlet 9 of the static liquid area, and then the island-shaped special-shaped boss electrolytic machining device provided by the embodiment of the invention is dismounted, so that the machined and formed workpiece can be obtained.

The embodiment of the invention utilizes the island-shaped special-shaped boss electrochemical machining device to perform electrochemical machining on the island-shaped special-shaped boss, is convenient for fixing the machining water jacket 7 of the electrochemical machining device, can adapt to the complex environment of the island-shaped special-shaped boss, is convenient to install and process, and has strong application advantages.

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the above-mentioned apparatus and method for electrolytic processing of island-shaped irregular shaped projections.

Referring to fig. 2, an electrochemical machining apparatus for an island-shaped irregular-shaped boss according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the machining cathode 4, the machining water jacket 7 and the fixing sleeve 5 are arranged, the machining cathode 4 is a conductor with a hollow structure, the cross section of the end part, facing the part 8 to be machined, of the machining cathode 4 corresponds to the forming contour of the part 8 to be machined, insulating layers are arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the machining cathode 4, and the insulating layers are insulating epoxy resin coatings; the machining water jacket 7 is sleeved on the machining cathode 4 and can move along the length direction of the machining cathode 4, the machining water jacket 7 is arranged towards one end of a to-be-machined area of the to-be-machined part 8 in an opening mode, and a first inner cavity 13 is formed by the inner wall of the machining water jacket 7 and the to-be-machined part 8; a processing area electrolyte inlet 10 communicated with the first inner cavity 13 is formed outside the processing water jacket 7; the fixed sleeve 5 is sleeved on the machining cathode 4, a second inner cavity 12 is formed in the fixed sleeve 5, a static liquid area electrolyte inlet 9 communicated to the second inner cavity 12 is formed in the outer portion of the fixed sleeve 5, a piston body 6 is arranged in the second inner cavity 12, the piston body 6 is connected with a piston rod 16, one end of the piston rod 16 is arranged in the second inner cavity 12, the other end of the piston rod 16 is communicated to the outer portion of the fixed sleeve 5 and is abutted against the outer wall of the machining water jacket 7, and the piston rod 16 is parallel to the length direction of the machining cathode 4 and used for driving the machining water jacket 7 to face or be far away from the part 8 to be machined. The end opening of the processing water jacket 7 facing the part 8 to be processed is provided with a sealing gasket 15, and the end of the processing cathode 4 far away from the part 8 to be processed is arranged on the cathode mounting seat 2. One end of the machining cathode 4, which is far away from the part 8 to be machined, is provided with an electrolyte outlet 3, the inside of the cathode mounting seat 2 is of a hollow structure, the electrolyte outlet 3 is communicated to the inside of the cathode mounting seat 2, the cathode mounting seat 2 is provided with an electrolyte recycling port 11 communicated with the inside, and the cathode mounting seat 2 is arranged on a main shaft 1 of the electrolytic machining machine tool. The fixed sleeve 5 is fixedly connected on the cathode mounting seat 2, and the processing cathode 4 is also fixed on the cathode mounting seat 2 through a screw. The distance between the piston body 6 and the electrolyte inlet 9 of the static liquid area is the distance between the fixed sleeve 5 and the processing water jacket 7, the inner diameter of the fixed sleeve 5 is twice of the inner diameter of the processing water jacket 7, the end part of the processing cathode 4 facing the part 8 to be processed is provided with a processing part 17, and the cross section shape of the processing part 17 corresponds to the molding contour of the part 8 to be processed; the distance from the upper inner wall of the machining water jacket 7 to the machined portion 17 is greater than the sum of the thickness of the machined portion 17 and the initial machining gap.

Next, an island-shaped special-shaped boss having a titanium alloy TC25 as a part was machined by the electrolytic machining method according to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention using the apparatus for electrolytic machining of island-shaped special-shaped bosses according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention. The boss is about 180mm by 150mm in size and about 20mm in height. The initial machining gap was set to 1mm in terms of the cross-sectional dimension.

After the island-shaped special-shaped boss electrolytic machining device is installed, firstly, the TC25 titanium alloy island-shaped special-shaped boss and the machining cathode 4 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a direct-current machining power supply, and the electrolyte inlet 9 of the hydrostatic zone and the electrolyte inlet 10 of the machining zone are respectively communicated with an electrolyte pipeline; secondly, selecting the parameters of the electrolytic machining process and the power supply: processing parameters are as follows: the electrolyte is 15% NaCl water solution, and the temperature of the electrolyte is 25 ℃; the machining voltage of 22V is applied between the electrodes, the electrolyte is washed from the machining area 14 at a high speed under the pressure of 12MPa, the feeding speed of the electrochemical machining device is 2mm/min, the cathode retracts after the machining is thoroughly finished, the power supply is cut off, and the cathode retracts.

And (3) processing results: the processing time is about 10 minutes, the processing error is +/-0.1 mm, and the processing surface roughness reaches Ra1.6 mu m. The machining efficiency is greatly improved compared with the traditional machining.

It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For embodiments of the method, reference is made to the description of the apparatus embodiments in part. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not limited to the present application. Various modifications and alterations to this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An island-shaped special-shaped boss electrolytic machining device is characterized by comprising: the machining cathode (4) is a conductor with a hollow structure, the cross section of the end part, facing the part (8) to be machined, of the machining cathode (4) corresponds to the forming contour of the part (8) to be machined, and insulating layers are arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the machining cathode (4);

the machining water jacket (7) is sleeved on the machining cathode (4) and can move along the length direction of the machining cathode (4), the machining water jacket (7) is arranged towards one end of a to-be-machined area of the to-be-machined part (8) in an opening mode, and a first inner cavity (13) is formed by the inner wall of the machining water jacket (7) and the to-be-machined part (8); a processing area electrolyte inlet (10) communicated with the first inner cavity (13) is formed in the outer part of the processing water jacket (7);

the machining device comprises a fixing sleeve (5), wherein the fixing sleeve (5) is sleeved on the machining cathode (4), a second inner cavity (12) is formed in the fixing sleeve (5), a hydrostatic zone electrolyte inlet (9) communicated to the second inner cavity (12) is formed in the outer portion of the fixing sleeve (5), a piston body (6) is arranged in the second inner cavity (12), the piston body (6) is connected with a piston rod (16), one end of the piston rod (16) is arranged in the second inner cavity (12), the other end of the piston rod (16) is communicated to the fixing sleeve (5) and is abutted to the outer wall of the machining water jacket (7), and the piston rod (16) is parallel to the length direction of the machining cathode (4) and used for driving the machining water jacket (7) to face or be far away from the part (8) to be machined.

2. The device for electrolytic machining of an island-shaped special-shaped boss according to claim 1, wherein a sealing gasket (15) is provided at an opening of the machining water jacket (7) facing the part to be machined (8).

3. The electrochemical machining device for the island-shaped special-shaped bosses, according to claim 1, is characterized in that one end of the machining cathode (4), which is far away from the part to be machined (8), is installed on the cathode installation seat (2).

4. The device for electrolytic machining of the island-shaped special-shaped boss according to claim 3, wherein an electrolyte outlet (3) is formed at one end of the machining cathode (4) far away from the part (8) to be machined, the inside of the cathode mounting seat (2) is of a hollow structure, the electrolyte outlet (3) is communicated with the inside of the cathode mounting seat (2), and an electrolyte recovery port (11) communicated with the inside is formed in the cathode mounting seat (2).

5. The electrochemical machining device for island-shaped profiled bosses, according to claim 3, characterized in that the cathode mounting base (2) is mounted on the spindle (1) of the electrochemical machining tool.

6. The electrochemical machining device for island-shaped special-shaped bosses according to claim 3, wherein the fixing sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to the cathode mounting seat (2).

7. The device for electrochemical machining of island-shaped special-shaped bosses as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance from the piston body (6) to the electrolyte inlet (9) of the static liquid zone is greater than the distance between the fixing sleeve (5) and the machining water jacket (7).

8. The electrochemical machining apparatus for an island-shaped irregular shaped boss according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the fixing sleeve (5) is not less than twice the inner diameter of the machining water jacket (7).

9. The electrolytic machining device for island-shaped special-shaped bosses according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the machining cathode (4) facing the part to be machined (8) is provided with a machined portion (17), and the cross-sectional shape of the machined portion (17) corresponds to the forming profile of the part to be machined (8); the distance between the upper inner wall of the processing water jacket (7) and the processing part (17) is larger than the sum of the thickness of the processing part (17) and the initial processing clearance.

10. An electrolytic processing method for an island-shaped profiled ridge electrolytic processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

applying pressure to the processing water jacket (7) towards a to-be-processed area of the to-be-processed part (8) for pressing;

electrolyte solution is introduced into the electrolyte inlet (10) of the processing area, and electrolyte is introduced into the electrolyte inlet (9) of the static liquid area;

connecting the processing cathode (4) with the negative pole of a direct current power supply, connecting the part (8) to be processed with the positive pole of the direct current power supply, setting the electrochemical processing parameters, and starting the electrochemical processing operation until the electrochemical processing is finished.