CN113907000B

CN113907000B - Simple and efficient castration device for rice hybridization

Info

Publication number: CN113907000B
Application number: CN202111258040.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李志新; 江靖; 范谷成; 张帅; 陈汝秋; 韩容
Original assignee: Yangtze University
Current assignee: Yangtze University
Priority date: 2021-10-27
Filing date: 2021-10-27
Publication date: 2022-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-27
Also published as: CN113907000A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of a rice emasculation device, in particular to a simple, convenient and efficient rice hybridization emasculation device which comprises a first shell and a second shell, wherein the first shell and the second shell are detachably connected, a emasculation pen is formed by the first shell and the second shell, one end of the emasculation pen is provided with a first opening, the first opening is provided with a cover in threaded connection with the emasculation pen, the emasculation pen is internally and fixedly connected with a partition plate and a first fixed shell, one side of the partition plate is provided with a power supply, the power supply is detachably connected inside the emasculation pen, a pressing block is slidably connected in the first fixed shell, an air bag is arranged between the pressing block and the inner wall of the first fixed shell, the pressing block is matched with the air bag, one end, far away from the first opening, of the emasculation pen is provided with a second opening, and a heating clamping emasculation assembly is arranged between the second opening and the first fixed shell; by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the problems of complex operation and limited use conditions of the existing emasculation method can be solved, the emasculation efficiency is improved, and the method is suitable for rice hybridization emasculation.

Description

Simple and efficient castration device for rice hybridization

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of emasculation devices, in particular to a simple and efficient rice hybridization emasculation device.

Background

Rice hybridization is one of the most important ways for breeding new varieties and creating variation sources, and is a common method in rice hybridization breeding or genetic research. The rice is a self-pollinated crop, and the male and female flowers are the same, and the complete rice glume flower contains one pistil (positioned at the base of a glume) and six stamens (positioned on the female stamen part before blooming), and the stamens are removed before blooming, otherwise the rice is selfed. The emasculation method commonly used at present comprises (1) a warm scalding emasculation method: at present, a large amount of materials can be processed by a matched special device at one time, but the device has the defects that although the temperature control is strict and stable, the requirements of different rice varieties on water temperature are different, the castration operation must be carried out on the morning of the rice pollination day, the glume opening effect is influenced by weather, rice plants generally need to be moved to the bank for operation, and the rice plants are transplanted to the field after pollination is finished, so that the device is troublesome. (2) glume emasculation method: the method has low emasculation efficiency and low hybridization maturing rate, and is only suitable for emasculation operation of a small amount of materials. (3) The glume cutting wet water method is simple and convenient to operate, if castration is performed on the day of pollination, corresponding operation should be stopped at least 2 hours before pollination, so that water in glumes is fully evaporated, male parent pollen is prevented from losing efficacy when meeting water during pollination, and false hybrids are excessive. (4) a reduced pressure castration method: the device does not need to be operated under the conditions of high temperature and high humidity, the castration operation can be carried out one day before the powder is received, a matched special device is also provided, the castration efficiency is high, the hybridization success rate is also high, but the device can not control impurities, water and the like to be sucked into a filter bottle, the constant air pressure is ensured, the castration effect is influenced, and the service life of the machine is prolonged

In conclusion, no matter the genetic research or the breeding research of the rice is carried out, a large number of hybridization combinations are required to be prepared, so that the hybridization emasculation device which is small in size, simple and convenient to operate, economical and efficient is very important for improving the working efficiency of rice hybridization.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a simple, convenient and efficient rice hybridization castration device, and aims to solve the problems that the existing castration method is complex in operation and limited in use conditions.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following basic scheme: a simple, convenient and efficient rice hybridization castration device comprises a first shell and a second shell, wherein the first shell and the second shell are detachably connected, the first shell and the second shell jointly form a castration pen, one end of the castration pen is provided with a first opening, the first opening is provided with a cover in threaded connection with the castration pen, the castration pen is fixedly connected with a partition plate and a first fixed shell, one side of the partition plate is provided with a power supply, the power supply is detachably connected inside the castration pen, the first fixed shell is in sliding connection with a pressing block, one end of the pressing block is arranged on the outer side of the castration pen, an air bag is arranged between the pressing block and the inner wall of the first fixed shell, the air bag is arranged in the movement track of the pressing block, the pressing block is matched with the air bag, one end, far away from the first opening, of the castration pen is provided with a second opening, and a heating clamping castration assembly is arranged between the second opening and the first fixed shell;

the heating clamping castration assembly comprises a pressing plate, a second fixing shell and a third fixing shell, wherein the second fixing shell and the third fixing shell are fixedly connected with the inner wall of a castration pen, a piston is slidably connected in the second fixing shell, a first connecting rod is fixedly connected between the piston and the pressing plate, a plastic hose is communicated between the second fixing shell and an air bag, the third fixing shell is provided with two pieces of third fixing shells, the two pieces of third fixing shells are symmetrically arranged relative to the second fixing shell, a baffle is slidably connected in the third fixing shell, a second connecting rod is fixedly connected between the baffle and the pressing plate, a spring is arranged between the baffle and the third fixing shell, an electric heating plate is connected to the surface of the pressing plate, away from the second fixing shell, and is communicated with a power supply through a lead, the heating clamping castration assembly is provided with two pieces of heating clamping castration assembly, and the heating clamping castration assembly is symmetrically arranged relative to the castration pen.

The principle and the effect of the scheme are as follows: when castration is performed on rice, the castration pen is held by a hand, one end of the rice is placed into the second opening, only one section of the rice needs to be placed into the second opening due to the fact that the length of a stamen of the rice is larger than that of a stamen of the rice, the pressing block is pressed by fingers at the moment, the pressing block is connected to the inside of the first fixing shell in a sliding mode, an air bag is further arranged between the pressing block and the first fixing shell, the pressing block can extrude the air bag under the pressing of the fingers, a plastic hose is communicated between the air bag and the second fixing shell, a piston is connected to the second fixing shell in a sliding mode, the piston is fixedly connected with a pressing plate through a first connecting rod, the pressing plate is further fixedly connected with a baffle through a second connecting rod, a spring is arranged between the baffle and a third fixing shell, after the air bag is extruded, air in the air bag is transmitted to the inside of the second fixing shell through the plastic hose, the piston and the pressing plate are pushed to move, the spring is compressed, two pressing plates are arranged on the heating clamping assembly, the two pressing plates are moved towards the direction of the rice simultaneously, the rice, the pressing plate can perform electric heating deactivation on the rice, and the rice, the heating plate can also perform heating of the rice; the pressing block is maintained to be extruded for several seconds and then can be loosened, at the moment, the spring stretches and restores to a natural state, the spring can push the baffle to reset, the baffle drives the pressing plate to reset through the second connecting rod, rice can be taken out, the pressing plate can drive the piston to reset through the first connecting rod while resetting, the piston can extrude gas in the second fixed shell into the air bag, and the air bag pushes the pressing block to reset; when castration is performed on rice again, the operation is only required to be repeated.

Furthermore, a power switch assembly fixedly connected with the inner wall of the detasseling pen is arranged on the inner side of the first fixing shell, the power switch assembly is respectively communicated with a power supply and the electric heating plate through a lead, the power switch assembly is arranged in a motion track of the pressing block, and the power switch assembly is matched with the pressing block.

Adopt above-mentioned scheme, when the extrusion was pressed the briquetting, pressed the briquetting and can pass through switch module intercommunication electric heating board and power, disconnection when not using, practiced thrift the electric energy.

Further, the switch module includes protection casing, turning block, first connecting block and second connecting block, protection casing fixed connection is at the pen inner wall of castrating, the turning block rotates the inboard of connecting at the protection casing, be connected with the torsional spring between turning block and the protection casing, one side at the protection casing is worn to establish by the one end of turning block, the turning block is in the movement track according to the pressing block, set up with the turning block cooperation according to the pressing block, the equal fixed connection of first connecting block and second connecting block is in the inside of protection casing, first connecting block and second connecting block are all in the movement track of turning block, first connecting block passes through wire and power intercommunication, the second connecting block passes through wire and electric heating board intercommunication.

Adopt above-mentioned scheme, press the power that the piece switched on or cut off the electric heating board at the motion in-process according to the pressure, the turning block rotates the back, with the electric current switch-on between first connecting block and the second connecting block respectively, improves work efficiency.

Furthermore, one end of the rotating block, which is arranged outside the protective shell, is wedge-shaped.

By adopting the technical scheme, the rotating block can be pushed to move in the moving process of the extrusion block, and the rotating block can be connected with the power supply of the electric heating plate.

Furthermore, the surface of the pressing block, which is arranged on the outer side of the castration pen, is provided with anti-slip stripes, and the outer surface of the castration pen is provided with anti-slip stripes.

By adopting the technical scheme, the friction coefficient is improved, and the friction force is increased.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. when castration is performed on rice, the operation process is convenient and rapid, rice to be castrated is placed into the second opening, the pressing block is pressed by fingers and kept for several seconds, and then the rice stamens can be inactivated by the electric heating plate in the castration pen at high temperature to complete castration;

2. the invention greatly improves the working efficiency and reduces the burden of workers, when castrating the rice, the invention does not need to carry out any pretreatment on the rice, does not need to modulate various chemical reagent materials and the like, and only needs to simply put the rice into the castrating pen, then press the extrusion block, and finally loosen the extrusion block and take out the rice;

3. the castration pen has the advantages that the occupied area is small, the castration of rice is flexible and convenient, the castration pen is not limited by places and is convenient to carry, and castration can be completed only by hand-held operation;

4. low manufacturing cost, simple structure and suitability for mass production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simple and efficient castration device for rice hybridization according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the first housing according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a first schematic view of the internal structure of the protective housing according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective housing according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the pen comprises a pen body 1, a first shell 2, a second shell 3, a cover 4, a partition 5, a first fixed shell 6, a power supply 7, a pressing block 8, an air bag 9, a pressing plate 10, a second fixed shell 11, a third fixed shell 12, a piston 13, a first connecting rod 14, a plastic hose 15, a baffle 16, a second connecting rod 17, an electric heating plate 18, a lead 19, a protective shell 20, a rotating block 21, a first connecting block 22, a second connecting block 23 and a spring 24.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a simple and efficient rice hybridization emasculation device comprises a first shell 2 and a second shell 3, the first shell 2 and the second shell 3 are detachably connected, the first shell 2 and the second shell 3 jointly form an emasculation pen 1, the emasculation pen 1 is cylindrical, anti-slip stripes are arranged on the outer surface, friction is increased when a user holds the emasculation pen 1, a first opening is formed in the right end of the emasculation pen 1, the first opening is provided with a cover 4 in threaded connection with the emasculation pen 1, anti-slip stripes are also arranged on the outer surface of the cover 4, a partition 5 and a first fixed shell 6 are fixedly connected inside the emasculation pen 1, a power source 7 is arranged on the upper side of the partition 5, the power source 7 adopts a rechargeable battery, the power source 7 is detachably connected inside the emasculation pen 1, a pressing block 8 is slidably connected inside the first fixed shell 6, the left end of the pressing block 8 is arranged outside the emasculation pen 1, a part of the left end of the pressing block, the pressing block 8 is in an arc shape, the outer surface of the emasculation pen 1 is provided with the anti-slip stripes, a pressing block 8 is arranged on the inner wall of the pressing block 9 of the first fixed shell 6, a heating air bag 9, a second shell 9 is arranged between the second shell and the second shell, and the second shell 9, the bottom of the emasculation pen 1 and a heating air bag for clamping block 8, and a second shell for clamping movement track of the emasculation pen 1;

the heating clamping emasculation component comprises a pressure plate 10, a second fixed shell 11 and a third fixed shell 12, wherein the second fixed shell 11 and the third fixed shell 12 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the emasculation pen 1, a piston 13 is connected in the second fixed shell 11 in a sliding manner, a first connecting rod 14 is fixedly connected between the piston 13 and the pressure plate 10, the right end of a second connecting rod 17 penetrates through the right side of the second fixed shell 11, a plastic hose 15 is communicated between the second fixed shell 11 and an air bag 9, the third fixed shell 12 is provided with two pieces, the two third fixed shells 12 are symmetrically arranged relative to the second fixed shell 11, a baffle 16 is connected in the third fixed shell 12 in a sliding manner, a second connecting rod 17 is fixedly connected between the baffle 16 and the pressure plate 10, the right end of the second connecting rod 17 penetrates through the right side of the third fixed shell 12, a spring 24 is arranged between the baffle 16 and the third fixed shell 12, an electric heating plate 18 is fixedly connected on the surface of the pressure plate 10 far away from the second fixed shell 11, and the electric heating plate 18 is communicated with a power supply 7 through a lead 19, wherein the temperature of the electric heating plate 18 is 45 ℃ or above, which can ensure that the stamens inside the electric heating plate 18 can be inactivated when clamping rice, according to the actual situation, the temperature is increased, the inactivation of stamens can be accelerated, the heating clamping castration component is provided with two heating clamping castration components which are symmetrically arranged relative to the castration pen 1, the inner side of the first fixed shell 6 is provided with a power supply 7 switch component which is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the castration pen 1, the length between the second opening and the bottom end of the first fixing shell 6 is just equal to the length of the stamen of the rice, the stamen is positioned outside the second opening, the working efficiency can be improved, and workers only need to put the rice into the second opening and stop after resistance, and do not need to additionally adjust the position;

the power supply 7 switch assembly comprises a protection shell 20, a rotating block 21, a first connecting block 22 and a second connecting block 23, the protection shell 20 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the emasculation pen 1, the rotating block 21 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the inner side of the protection shell 20, a torsion spring is connected between the rotating block 21 and the protection shell 20, the upper end of the rotating block 21 penetrates through one side of the protection shell 20, the surface of the rotating block 21 penetrating through the outer side of the protection shell 20 is wedge-shaped, a part of the right side of the extrusion block penetrates through one side of the first fixing shell 6, the rotating block 21 is arranged in the motion track of the pressing block 8, the pressing block 8 is matched with the rotating block 21, the first connecting block 22 and the second connecting block 23 are fixedly connected to the inside of the protection shell 20, the first connecting block 22 and the second connecting block 23 are both arranged in the motion track of the rotating block 21, the first connecting block 22 is communicated with the power supply 7 through a wire 19, and the second connecting block 23 is communicated with the electric heating plate 18 through a wire 19; as shown in fig. 5, the rotating block 21 is pressed by the pressing block and then rotated to the inner side of the protective housing 20, the rotating block 21 respectively connects the first connecting block 22 and the second connecting block 23, and at this time, the electric heating plate 18 is connected to the power supply 7 and starts heating.

The specific implementation process is as follows:

when castration is carried out on rice, the castration pen 1 is held by a hand, one end of the rice is placed into the second opening, the stamen of the rice is just placed into the second opening due to the distance between the second opening and the bottom of the first fixing shell 6, the pistil is located on the outer side of the castration pen 1, only one section of the rice needs to be placed into the second opening, one end where the rice is placed is abutted against the bottom of the first fixing shell 6, the pressing block 8 is pressed by fingers, the air bag 9 can be extruded by the pressing block 8 under the pressing of the fingers, after the air bag 9 is extruded, air in the air bag 9 is transmitted into the second fixing shell 11 through the plastic hose 15, the piston 13 and the pressing plates 10 are pushed to move, the two pressing plates 10 simultaneously move towards the direction of the rice and extrude the rice, and the two electric heating plates 18 can also heat and inactivate the stamen while extruding the rice, so that the castration of the rice is completed; the pressing block 8 is kept to be pressed for a period of time and then can be loosened, the electric heating plate 18 is guaranteed to completely inactivate stamens at high temperature, rice can be taken out after the pressing block 8 is loosened, the pressing plate 10 and the pressing block 8 can automatically reset, and when castration is carried out on the rice again, the operation is only needed to be repeated; the whole operation process is convenient and quick, the learning cost is low, and the method is suitable for most production environments.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common general knowledge of the known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described too much, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it can make several variations and modifications without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. A simple and efficient rice hybridization castration device comprises a first shell (2) and a second shell (3), and is characterized in that: the first shell (2) and the second shell (3) are detachably connected, the first shell (2) and the second shell (3) jointly form a castration pen (1), one end of the castration pen (1) is provided with a first opening, the first opening is provided with a cover (4) in threaded connection with the castration pen (1), a partition plate (5) and a first fixing shell (6) are fixedly connected inside the castration pen (1), one side of the partition plate (5) is provided with a power supply (7), the power supply (7) is detachably connected inside the castration pen (1), a pressing block (8) is slidably connected inside the first fixing shell (6), one end of the pressing block (8) is arranged on the outer side of the castration pen (1), an air bag (9) is arranged between the pressing block (8) and the inner wall of the first fixing shell (6), the air bag (9) is arranged in the movement track of the pressing block (8), the pressing block (8) is matched with the air bag (9), one end, far away from the first opening, and one end of the castration pen (1) is provided with a second opening, and a heating component is arranged between the first fixing shell (6);

the heating clamping emasculation assembly comprises a pressing plate (10), a second fixing shell (11) and a third fixing shell (12), the second fixing shell (11) and the third fixing shell (12) are fixedly connected with the emasculation pen (1) inner wall, a piston (13) is slidably connected with the second fixing shell (11), a first connecting rod (14) is fixedly connected between the piston (13) and the pressing plate (10), a plastic hose (15) is communicated between the second fixing shell (11) and an air bag (9), the third fixing shell (12) is provided with two pieces, the two third fixing shells (12) are symmetrically arranged relative to the second fixing shell (11), a baffle (16) is slidably connected in the third fixing shell (12), a second connecting rod (17) is fixedly connected between the baffle (16) and the pressing plate (10), a spring (24) is arranged between the baffle (16) and the third fixing shell (12), the pressing plate (10) is far away from the surface of the second fixing shell (11) and is electrically connected with an electric heating plate (18), the electric heating clamping assembly (7) is communicated with the heating clamping assembly (1) through two heating wires (19).

2. The simple and efficient rice hybridization emasculation device according to claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the first fixing shell (6) is provided with a power supply (7) switch assembly fixedly connected with the inner wall of the detasseling pen (1), the power supply (7) switch assembly is respectively communicated with the power supply (7) and an electric heating plate (18) through a lead (19), the power supply (7) switch assembly is arranged in a motion track of the pressing block (8), and the power supply (7) switch assembly is matched with the pressing block (8).

3. The simple and efficient rice hybridization emasculation device according to claim 2, wherein: power (7) switch module includes protection casing (20), turning block (21), first connecting block (22) and second connecting block (23), protection casing (20) fixed connection is at detasseling pen (1) inner wall, turning block (21) rotate the inboard of connecting at protection casing (20), be connected with the torsional spring between turning block (21) and protection casing (20), one side at protection casing (20) is worn to establish by the one end of turning block (21), turning block (21) are in the movement track of pressing piece (8), press piece (8) and turning block (21) cooperation setting, the equal fixed connection of first connecting block (22) and second connecting block (23) is in the inside of protection casing (20), first connecting block (22) and second connecting block (23) all are in the movement track of turning block (21), first connecting block (22) communicate with power (7) through wire (19), second connecting block (23) communicate with electric heating board (18) through wire (19).

4. The simple and efficient rice hybridization emasculation device according to claim 3, wherein: the rotating block (21) is arranged at one end outside the protective shell (20) and is wedge-shaped.

5. The simple and efficient rice hybridization emasculation device according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the pressing block (8) arranged on the outer side of the castration pen (1) is provided with anti-slip stripes, and the outer surface of the castration pen (1) is provided with anti-slip stripes.