CN113904116A - Broadband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports - Google Patents
Broadband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports Download PDFInfo
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- CN113904116A CN113904116A CN202111296349.0A CN202111296349A CN113904116A CN 113904116 A CN113904116 A CN 113904116A CN 202111296349 A CN202111296349 A CN 202111296349A CN 113904116 A CN113904116 A CN 113904116A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/28—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the amplitude
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports, which comprises three input ports, three output ports, two open short circuit line loading phase shift lines, three-branch directional couplers and two phase shift lines. The output phases of the two open short-circuit line loading phase-shifting lines are determined by the phase difference between the open short-circuit line loading phase-shifting line and the phase-shifting line. The invention realizes broadband matching characteristic by adopting the three-branch directional coupler, and then adjusts the flatness of output amplitude and phase by adjusting two open short circuit loading phase shift lines, thereby realizing the performance of beam forming in a broadband range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave antennas, in particular to a broadband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports.
Background
A beam forming network is an important component of a multi-beam antenna array. The main functions of the beam forming network are to provide different power and phase distributions on the antennas, so that the control of the beam directivity and the formation of a multi-beam antenna can be achieved. A Butler matrix is more commonly used in beamforming networks. The Butler matrix has the advantages of convenience, simplicity, low loss and the like, and is widely used in a beam forming network. However, in the structural design of the Butler matrix, the complexity of the Butler matrix is increased due to the use of the cross-junctions. In order to simplify the structure of the Butler matrix, a Blass matrix and a Nolen matrix are proposed. The Blass matrix mainly comprises a coupler, a phase shifter and a load end, and has the same input and output ports as the Butler matrix. Due to the presence of the termination load, a portion of the energy will flow into the load, resulting in a lower overall efficiency of the Blass matrix than the Butler matrix.
The Nolen matrix structurally reduces the use of cross-junctions compared to the Butler matrix, so that the whole circuit structure is simpler, the size of the whole structure is reduced compared to the Blass matrix, and energy loss is reduced. However, the couplers are connected by a phase shift line, and thus the amplitude and phase difference between the output ports are not flat. The output amplitude and the output phase difference of the currently proposed Nolen matrix have discrete characteristics, the required amplitude and phase difference cannot be realized in a wide band, and the research on the Nolen matrix of the wide band is less, so that the Nolen matrix which realizes the flatness of the amplitude and the phase difference between output ports in the wide band is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a broadband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports, which comprises a first open short-circuit line loading phase-shifting line, a second open short-circuit line loading phase-shifting line, a first three-branch directional coupler, a second three-branch directional coupler, a third three-branch directional coupler, a first phase-shifting line, a second phase-shifting line, an input port and an output port;
the first open short circuit line loading phase shifting line comprises a first open circuit line, a first short circuit line, a second open circuit line, a second short circuit line and a 50 ohm transmission line; the second open short circuit line loading phase shift line comprises a third open circuit line, a third short circuit line, a fourth open circuit line, a fourth short circuit line and a 50-ohm winding line;
the first three-branch directional coupler comprises a first low-impedance horizontal microstrip line, a second low-impedance horizontal microstrip line, a first high-impedance vertical microstrip line, a second high-impedance vertical microstrip line and a first low-impedance vertical microstrip line; the second three-branch directional coupler and the third three-branch directional coupler have the same structure; the second three-branch directional coupler and the first three-branch directional coupler are different in structure; the second three-branch directional coupler comprises a third low-impedance horizontal microstrip line, a fourth low-impedance horizontal microstrip line, a third high-impedance vertical microstrip line, a fourth high-impedance vertical microstrip line and a second low-impedance vertical microstrip line;
the input ports comprise a first input port, a second input port and a third input port; the output ports comprise a first output port, a second output port and a third output port;
the first input port is connected with one end of the first phasing line; the other end of the first phase shifting line is connected with the upper left port of the first three-branch directional coupler; the upper right port of the first three-branch directional coupler is connected with one end of a first open short circuit line loading phase shifting line; the other end of the first open short circuit line loading phase shift line is connected with a first output port;
the second input port is connected with the upper left port of the second three-branch directional coupler; the upper right port of the second three-branch directional coupler is connected with the lower left port of the first three-branch directional coupler; the right lower port of the first three-branch directional coupler is connected with the left end of the second phasing line; the right end of the second phase shifting line is connected with the upper left port of the third branch directional coupler; the upper right port of the third branch directional coupler is connected with a second output port;
the third input port is connected with the lower left port of the second three-branch directional coupler; the right lower port of the second three-branch directional coupler is connected with the left end of the second open short circuit line loading phase shifting line; the right end of the second open short circuit line loading phase shift line is connected with the left lower port of the third three-branch directional coupler; and the lower right port of the third branch directional coupler is connected with a third output port.
The impedances of the first phase shifting line and the second phase shifting line are 50 ohms; the first open line and the second open line have the same size; the first short circuit line and the second short circuit line have the same size; the first open circuit line and the first short circuit line have the same electrical length and different impedances; the third opening line and the fourth opening line have the same size; the third short circuit line and the fourth short circuit line have the same size; the third open line and the third short-circuit line have the same impedance and different electrical lengths.
Carrying out broadband matching by adopting a first three-branch directional coupler, a second three-branch directional coupler and a third three-branch directional coupler; and the flat amplitude difference and phase difference between the output ports are obtained by adjusting the phase relationship among the first open short circuit line loading phase shift line, the second open short circuit line loading phase shift line and the second phase shift line.
When the first input port is excited, the phase difference between the first output port and the second output port and the phase difference between the second output port and the third output port are both-90 degrees; when the second input port is excited, the phase difference between the first output port and the second output port and the phase difference between the second output port and the third output port are both 150 degrees; when the third input port is excited, the phase difference between the first output port and the second output port and the phase difference between the second output port and the third output port are both 30 degrees.
The phase difference between the first open short circuit line loading phase shift line and the second phase shift line is 180 degrees; and the phase difference between the second open short circuit line loading phase shift line and the second phase shift line is 90 degrees.
The coupling degree of the first three-branch directional coupler is 1.76dB, and the coupling degree of the second three-branch directional coupler is 3 dB.
The impedance of the first open circuit line and the impedance of the first short circuit line are both greater than 50 ohms; the electrical length of the third open route is less than 45 °; the third short-circuit line has an electrical length greater than 45 °.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the broadband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports is realized by adopting the three-branch directional coupler, and the flat amplitude difference and phase difference between the output ports are realized by adopting the open short circuit line to load the phase shifting line.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wideband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first three-branch directional coupler and a second three-branch directional coupler in a wideband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first open short-circuited line loading phasing line and a second open short-circuited line loading phasing line in a broadband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the result of impedance matching for each input/output port of a wide-band Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the isolation curves between ports of a wide band Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the amplitude difference results between the output ports of a wide-band Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between the output ports of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the phase difference between the output ports of a wide band Nolen matrix of the present invention with flat amplitude and phase between the output ports;
in the figure: 1. a first open short-circuited line-loading phase-shifting line, 11, a first open line, 12, a first short-circuited line, 13, a second open line, 14, a second short-circuited line, 15, 50 ohm transmission line 2, a second open short-circuited line-loading phase-shifting line, 21, a third open line, 22, a third short-circuited line, 23, a fourth open line, 24, a fourth short-circuited line, 25, 50 ohm meander line 3, a first three-branch directional coupler, 31, a first low-impedance horizontal microstrip line, 32, a second low-impedance horizontal microstrip line, 33, a first high-impedance vertical microstrip line, 34, a second high-impedance vertical microstrip line, 35, a first low-impedance vertical microstrip line, 4, a second three-branch directional coupler, 41, a third low-impedance horizontal microstrip line, 42, a fourth low-impedance horizontal microstrip line, 43, a third high-impedance vertical microstrip line, 44, a fourth high-impedance vertical microstrip line, 45, a second vertical microstrip line, 5. a third three-branch directional coupler 51, a fourth low-impedance horizontal microstrip line 52, a fifth low-impedance horizontal microstrip line 53, a fourth high-impedance vertical microstrip line 54, a fifth high-impedance vertical microstrip line 55, a third low-impedance vertical microstrip line 6, a first phase-shifting line 7, a second phase-shifting line 81, an input port 1, 82, an input port 2, 83, an input port 3, 91, an output port 1, 92, an output port 2, 93 and an output port 3.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, implementation methods and functions of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
The technical indexes adopted by the embodiment are as follows:
frequency range: 3 GHz-8 GHz
Return loss: >15 dB;
isolation degree: >15 dB;
output port amplitude: -4.77. + -. 1dB
Port 1 input output port phase difference: -90 ° ± 5 °;
As shown in fig. 1-3, the broadband Nolen matrix beam forming network with flat amplitude and phase difference between output ports includes three input ports, three output ports, three-branch directional couplers, two open-short loaded phase shifters, and two phasing lines;
the first open short circuit line loading phasing line 1 comprises a first open circuit line 11, a first short circuit line 12, a second open circuit line 13, a second short circuit line 14 and a 50 ohm transmission line 15; the second open short-circuited line loading phasing line 2 includes a third open short-circuited line 21, a third short-circuited line 22, a fourth short-circuited line 23, a fourth short-circuited line 24, and a 50-ohm meandering line 25;
the first three-branch directional coupler 3 comprises a first low-impedance horizontal microstrip line 31, a second low-impedance horizontal microstrip line 32, a first high-impedance vertical microstrip line 33, a second high-impedance vertical microstrip line 34 and a first low-impedance vertical microstrip line 35; the second three-branch directional coupler 4 and the third three-branch directional coupler 5 have the same structure; the second three-branch directional coupler 4 and the first three-branch directional coupler 3 have different structures; the second three-branch directional coupler 4 comprises a third low-impedance horizontal microstrip line 41, a fourth low-impedance horizontal microstrip line 42, a third high-impedance vertical microstrip line 43, a fourth high-impedance vertical microstrip line 44 and a second low-impedance vertical microstrip line 45;
the input port 8 includes a first input port 81, a second input port 82, and a third input port 83; the output port 9 includes a first output port 91, a second output port 92, and a third output port 93;
the first input port 81 is connected with the left end of the first phasing line 6; the right end of the first phasing line 6 is connected with the upper left port of the first three-branch directional coupler 3; the upper right port of the first three-branch directional coupler 3 is connected with the left end of the first open short circuit loading phasing line 1; the right end of the first open short circuit line loading phasing line 1 is connected with a first output port 91;
the second input port 82 is connected with the upper left port of the second three-branch directional coupler 4; the upper right port of the second three-branch directional coupler 4 is connected with the lower left port of the first three-branch directional coupler 3; the lower right port of the first three-branch directional coupler 3 is connected with the left end of a second phasing line 7; the right end of the second phasing line 7 is connected with the upper left port of the third three-branch directional coupler 5; the upper right port of the third branch directional coupler 5 is connected with the second output port 92;
the third input port 83 is connected with the lower left port of the second three-branch directional coupler 4; the right lower port of the second three-branch directional coupler 4 is connected with the left end of the second open short circuit loading phasing line 2; the right end of the second open short circuit line loading phase shift line 2 is connected with the left lower port of the third three-branch directional coupler 5; the lower right port of the third branched directional coupler 5 is connected to a third output port 93;
the impedances of the first phase shifting line 6 and the second phase shifting line 7 are 50 ohms; the first open route line 11 and the second open route line 13 are the same in size; the first short-circuit line 12 and the second short-circuit line 14 are the same in size; the first open circuit line 11 and the first short circuit line 12 have the same electrical length and different impedance; the third opening line 21 and the fourth opening line 23 have the same size; the third short-circuit line 22 and the fourth short-circuit line 24 have the same size; the third open line 21 and the third short-circuit line 22 have the same impedance and different electrical lengths;
by adopting the first three-branch directional coupler 3, the second three-branch directional coupler 4 and the third three-branch directional coupler 5, the broadband matching characteristic can be realized; by adjusting the phase relationship among the first open short-circuit line loading phasing line 1, the second open short-circuit line loading phasing line 2 and the second phasing line 7, the amplitude difference and the phase difference among the flat output ports can be obtained;
when the first input port 81 is excited, the phase difference between the first output port 91 and the second output port 92 and the phase difference between the second output port 92 and the third output port 93 are both-90 degrees; when the second input port 82 is excited, the phase difference between the first output port 91 and the second output port 92 and the phase difference between the second output port 92 and the third output port 93 are both 150 degrees; when the third input port 83 is excited, the phase difference between the first output port 91 and the second output port 92 and the phase difference between the second output port 92 and the third output port 93 are both 30 °.
The phase difference between the first open short circuit line loading phase shift line 1 and the second phase shift line 7 is 180 degrees; the phase difference between the second open short circuit line loading phase shift line 2 and the second phase shift line 7 is 90 degrees;
the coupling degree of the first three-branch directional coupler 3 is 1.76dB, and the coupling degree of the second three-branch directional coupler 4 is 3 dB;
the impedance of the first open line 11 and the first short-circuit line 12 is greater than 50 ohms; the electrical length of the third opening line 21 is less than 45 °; the electrical length of the third short-circuit line 22 is greater than 45 °.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the coupling ratio of the first three-branch directional coupler is C1-2/3, and the coupling ratio of the second three-branch directional coupler and the third three-branch directional coupler is C2-1/2, and the magnitude is equal between the output ports of the Nolen matrix, and the phase difference between the input port and the output port is equal for each port, so that the coupling ratio of the first three-branch directional coupler is equal to 2/3, and the coupling ratio of the second three-branch directional coupler and the third three-branch directional coupler is equal to 1/2
θ4(f)-θ3(f)＝π
In this example take
θ3(f0)＝π，θ4(f0) 2 pi. Wherein theta is2(f) For loading the second open short circuit lineElectrical length of 50 ohm meander line in phase-shift line, theta, as a function of frequency3(f) Is the electrical length of the first phasing line, θ, as a function of frequency4(f) For the first open short-circuit line, the frequency-dependent electrical length, theta, of the 50-ohm transmission line in the phase-shifting line is loaded2(f0) Loading the second open short-circuit line with the electrical length of the phasing line at the center frequency, θ3(f0) Is the electrical length of the second phasing line at the center frequency, θ4(f0) The first open short loads the electrical length of the phasing line at the center frequency.
For the first open-short circuit line loading phasing line, an expression related to unknown parameters can be obtained as follows:
wherein theta is11(f) Loading the first open short-circuit line with the electrical length, θ, of the 50 ohm transmission line in the phasing line as a function of frequency12(f) For loading the first open-short circuit line with an electrical length, theta, of the first open-short circuit line with respect to the frequency change in the phase-shifting line13(f) For the first open short-circuit line, the electrical length, Z, of the first short-circuit line in the phase-shifting line is applied, said electrical length varying with respect to the frequency11For the first open short-circuit line, the impedance value, Z, of the 50 ohm transmission line in the phase-shift line is loaded12Loading the impedance value, Z, of the first open path in the phasing line for the first open short path13For the first open short-circuit line, the impedance value, Z, of the first short-circuit line in the phasing line is loaded0Is a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms, a1Loading the port matching value of the phasing line for the first open short-circuit line, b1And loading the port of the phase shift line for the first open short circuit line to output a phase difference.
For the second open-short circuit line loading phase shift line, an expression related to unknown parameters can be obtained as follows:
wherein theta is21(f) Loading of the second open short-circuit line with a 50 ohm meander line in the phase-shift line as a function of frequencyElectrical length of change, theta22(f) Loading the second open short circuit line with the electrical length, theta, of the third open line in the phase shift line with respect to the frequency change23(f) For the second open short-circuit line, the electrical length, Z, of the third short-circuit line in the phase-shifting line is applied, said electrical length varying with respect to the frequency21Loading the second open short-circuit line with the impedance value, Z, of the 50 ohm meander line in the phase-shift line22Loading the impedance value, Z, of the third open path in the phasing line for the second open short path23Loading the second open short-circuit line with the impedance value, Z, of the third short-circuit line in the phasing line0Is a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms, a2Loading the port matching value of the phasing line for the second open short-circuit line, b2And loading the port of the phase shift line for the second open short circuit line to output the phase difference.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A wideband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports, comprising: the device comprises a first open short circuit line loading phase shifting line (1), a second open short circuit line loading phase shifting line (2), a first three-branch directional coupler (3), a second three-branch directional coupler (4), a third three-branch directional coupler (5), a first phase shifting line (6), a second phase shifting line (7), an input port (8) and an output port (9);
the first open short circuit line loading phase shift line (1) comprises a first open circuit line (11), a first short circuit line (12), a second open circuit line (13), a second short circuit line (14) and a 50 ohm transmission line (15); the second open short circuit line loading phase shift line (2) comprises a third open circuit line (21), a third short circuit line (22), a fourth open circuit line (23), a fourth short circuit line (24) and a 50 ohm winding line (25);
the first three-branch directional coupler (3) comprises a first low-impedance horizontal microstrip line (31), a second low-impedance horizontal microstrip line (32), a first high-impedance vertical microstrip line (33), a second high-impedance vertical microstrip line (34) and a first low-impedance vertical microstrip line (35); the second three-branch directional coupler (4) and the third three-branch directional coupler (5) have the same structure; the second three-branch directional coupler (4) and the first three-branch directional coupler (3) are different in structure; the second three-branch directional coupler (4) comprises a third low-impedance horizontal microstrip line (41), a fourth low-impedance horizontal microstrip line (42), a third high-impedance vertical microstrip line (43), a fourth high-impedance vertical microstrip line (44) and a second low-impedance vertical microstrip line (45);
the input port (8) comprises a first input port (81), a second input port (82), a third input port (83); the output port (9) comprises a first output port (91), a second output port (92) and a third output port (93);
the first input port (81) is connected with one end of the first phasing line (6); the other end of the first phase shifting line (6) is connected with the upper left port of the first three-branch directional coupler (3); the upper right port of the first three-branch directional coupler (3) is connected with one end of a first open short circuit line loading phase shifting line (1); the other end of the first open short circuit line loading phase shifting line (1) is connected with a first output port (91);
the second input port (82) is connected with the upper left port of the second three-branch directional coupler (4); the upper right port of the second three-branch directional coupler (4) is connected with the lower left port of the first three-branch directional coupler (3); the lower right port of the first three-branch directional coupler (3) is connected with the left end of a second phasing line (7); the right end of the second phase shifting line (7) is connected with the upper left port of the third branch directional coupler (5); the upper right port of the third branch directional coupler (5) is connected with a second output port (92);
the third input port (83) is connected with the lower left port of the second three-branch directional coupler (4); the right lower port of the second three-branch directional coupler (4) is connected with the left end of the second open short-circuit line loading phase shifting line (2); the right end of the second open short circuit line loading phase shift line (2) is connected with the lower left port of the third three-branch directional coupler (5); and the lower right port of the third branch directional coupler (5) is connected with a third output port (93).
2. A wideband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports according to claim 1, characterized by: the impedances of the first phase shifting line (6) and the second phase shifting line (7) are 50 ohms; the first open line (11) and the second open line (13) are the same size; the first short-circuit line (12) and the second short-circuit line (14) are the same in size; the first open circuit line (11) and the first short circuit line (12) have the same electrical length and different impedance; the third opening line (21) and the fourth opening line (23) are the same in size; the third short-circuit line (22) and the fourth short-circuit line (24) are the same in size; the third open line (21) and the third short-circuit line (22) have the same impedance and different electrical lengths.
3. A wideband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports according to claim 1, characterized by: broadband matching is carried out by adopting a first three-branch directional coupler (3), a second three-branch directional coupler (4) and a third three-branch directional coupler (5); the flat amplitude difference and phase difference between the output ports are obtained by adjusting the phase relation among the first open short circuit line loading phase shifting line (1), the second open short circuit line loading phase shifting line (2) and the second phase shifting line (7).
4. A wideband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports according to claim 1, characterized by: when the first input port (81) is excited, the phase difference between the first output port (91) and the second output port (92) and the phase difference between the second output port (92) and the third output port (93) are both-90 degrees; when the second input port (82) is excited, the phase difference between the first output port (91) and the second output port (92) and the phase difference between the second output port (92) and the third output port (93) are both 150 degrees; when the third input port (83) is excited, the phase difference between the first output port (91) and the second output port (92) and the phase difference between the second output port (92) and the third output port (93) are both 30 degrees.
5. A wideband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports according to claim 1, characterized by: the phase difference between the first open short circuit line loading phase shift line (1) and the second phase shift line (7) is 180 degrees; the phase difference between the second open short circuit line loading phase shift line (2) and the second phase shift line (7) is 90 degrees.
6. A wideband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports according to claim 1, characterized by: the coupling degree of the first three-branch directional coupler (3) is 1.76dB, and the coupling degree of the second three-branch directional coupler (4) is 3 dB.
7. A wideband Nolen matrix with flat amplitude and phase between output ports according to claim 1, characterized by: the impedance of the first open route (11) and the first short route (12) is more than 50 ohm; -the electrical length of the third opening line (21) is less than 45 °; the electrical length of the third short-circuit line (22) is greater than 45 °.
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