CN1139037C - 任定范围高解析指控输入装置及实现方法 - Google Patents

任定范围高解析指控输入装置及实现方法 Download PDF

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CN1139037C
CN1139037C CNB971202699A CN97120269A CN1139037C CN 1139037 C CN1139037 C CN 1139037C CN B971202699 A CNB971202699 A CN B971202699A CN 97120269 A CN97120269 A CN 97120269A CN 1139037 C CN1139037 C CN 1139037C
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叶富国
陈美雍
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/038Control and interface arrangements therefor, e.g. drivers or device-embedded control circuitry
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0338Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of limited linear or angular displacement of an operating part of the device from a neutral position, e.g. isotonic or isometric joysticks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0354Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
    • G06F3/03548Sliders, in which the moving part moves in a plane
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G2009/04703Mounting of controlling member
    • G05G2009/04733Mounting of controlling member with a joint having a nutating disc, e.g. forced by a spring

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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract

一种任定范围高解析指控输入装置,包括一指控元件,其具有多个薄层叠接组成的感应面,该感应面被近接划过时可产生相对位移的0与1信号;一格式化对位单元,可对任何一种特定范围产生0与1信号以坐标轴予区划,使游标可相对取得绝对座标方式的移动及定位效果,其中指控元件可为一触碰输入板,其上可设一输入介质,该输入介质具有一抵触端点短距间隔腾设于触碰输入板上。整个指控元件的制造成本及体积都大为缩减,且令游标输入控制上更为平稳,易于操作。

Description

任定范围高解析指控输入装置及实现方法
本发明是有关任定范围高解析指控输入装置及实现方法,尤指一种以触碰输入板为基础,不限任何解析度下,在一特定范围内移动就可以绝对座标方式控制其游标作动,并准确地对应到显示幕上每一点的新式指控输入装置实现方法。
在信息时代力求更新、更好、更小的冲击下,一项产品的实用功能性及其制造成本占有极为重要的地位,每一业者无不竭力开发研究祈能制出成本低而效用高的新产品,以保持在市场上的竞争力,唯就指控元件来讲现有电脑滑鼠因其组成的基本构件较多本就不利于组装与简化,加上实用性又要考虑手握移动可侦测的最小距离,故其成品体积受限而无法有效的缩小,相对地使制造成本亦无法明显下降,相反的同一类的指控元件中触碰输入板因可如一般滑鼠作动,且经适度设计又可兼具手写输入功能,故势头极为看好被广泛应用,尤其是该项产品经多年来改进后已可做得很薄,因而连以往手提电脑上所设的轨迹球现都以触碰输入板来代替成为当今的主流,现有的触碰输入板可分为电磁感应式、压阻式、电容式,现设于手提电脑上的以电阻、电容感应式的居多,其中电容式是一多层体主要是在硬性耐磨片下设有一导电栅板,藉手指在耐磨片上移动以人体静电使导电栅板上产生磁场变化,进而测知人手所指移动方向转换成0、1信号,相对控制其游标的运动方向,然无论是用来当作一般电脑附加式输入设备或作为手提电脑的基本配备,其触碰输入板以人手始终无法作精细的位移,而且亦存有以下几点问题:
1、成品设计为能容纳手指划动以相对控制游标的移动,故所设的触碰输入板仍需具一定大小的接触面方能满足操作所需,使其结构再缩小的可能性受到限制。
2、在操作使用上因触压施力大小不同及个人导电系数不同,常使其游标产生飘浮跑位不稳的情形发生。
3、其设计上是以触控板上有限分割的感应单位以对应整个显示幕,故其每一感应单位必须对应到好几个点,而使游标呈跳格方式移动无法作精细的位移,除非将感应单位扩增至与显示幕解析度相匹配方可有效解决此一问题,不过如此一来整个触控板的面积与成本又会明显加大不符缩小的精简需求。
总之在其体积及操作效果上仍存有缺陷,为该产品后续发展的局限,无法面对上述信息工业求新、求好、日愈缩小的要求。
因此,要如何针对现有滑鼠及触碰输入板的缺点而改进,全新开发出一种更好用及更省成本的指控输入装置为本发明的发明动机。
本发明的主要目的,是设计一种可适于各式解析度环境下使用,在有限的任定范围内移动就可以绝对座标方式而准确控制游标动作的新式指控输入装置。
本发明的次要目的,是赋予这种新式指控输入装置具有易制造、成本较省、手控方便且又不占空间的实用特性。
为达上述的发明目的,本发明所设计的任定范围高解析指控输入装置,主要包括:一指控元件,其具有多个薄层叠接组成的感应面,该感应面被近接划过时可产生相对位移的0与1信号;以及,一格式化对位单元,可对任何一种特定范围产生的0与1信号以座标轴予区划,其中以各轴的0、1信号全数C,区分为低速C1、低速以上C2等多个不同速度区CN,令其每一速度区各自分别对应不同的移动倍率K1、K2..KN,再集所划分不同速的C1、C2..CN相乘移动倍率K1、K2..KN的总合等于所要对应显示幕的解析度,又其每一轴至少设有两只计录器分别记录C1及C2以上的行走格数,两记录器的总合等于C,记录中当以超过低速的行走速度时对应于C2的记录器是以至少加2,另一记录器至少减1,总移动值不变仍为1的方式作为行进记录;藉此,可在指控元件的感应面上任意区划,获得一个对应全显示幕解析度大小的输入范围,使指控元件在范围内低速移动时可作点对点的精细位移,高速时可作加速移动及回归原点的动作,以有效控制游标对应到显示幕上的每一点。
其中,指控元件可为一触碰输入板其上可腾设一输入介质,使输入介质在触碰输入手写板上移动时,基游标可相对取得绝对座标方式的移动及定位效果,该触碰输入板可为电阻式或电容式,而该输入介质具有一抵触端点短距间隔腾设于触碰输入板上,该抵触端点可为一杆体或一端带有平板供指贴触的顶针所构成,藉以传导手按力或人体静电,使其在触碰输入板的一特定极限范围内作动,就可控制其游标呈稳定的间隙移动且对应到显示幕上的每一点,其有效的设计促使整个指控元件的制造成本及体积都大为缩减,且令游标输入控制上更为平稳与方便易于操作。
值得一提的是本发明所采用格式化对位单元,是发明人多年来研发所得一种不限解析度大小的绝对座标对位系统,其技术内容曾与圆片式光栅片搭配,申请为中国发明专利申请案第97112536号,申请名称“游标控制装置及其方法”,由于其中所涉技术在解说上极占篇幅,故本文内仅提列如图16A-16I的详细流程图、附表及其内容浓缩重点以兹介绍,表1-3是图16A-图16I中各种记号的说明,其中该单元主要是在硬件的有限移动范围内,利用人手操作指控元件的移动速度VX不同作为控制,使游标在显示区上产生不同的移动距离,具体作法是将硬件有限的行走空间分割成若干等份C=C1+C2..,以C1、C2..代表指控元件在不同速度区V1、V2、..中各自拥有的行走格数,并令其在不同速度V1、V2、..下可对应不同比例的移动常数K1、K2..值,故可进一步设计使(K1×C1)+(K2×C2)+....=显示幕的距离。
例:有限硬件上可行走的距离=196格×0.08mm/格=15.68mm的极小任定范围内
用以对应显示幕X轴解析度=640
640=(1×C1)+(4×C2)    K1=1,K2=4
196=C1+C2
  ∴C2=148,C1=48;
亦既利用短短15.68mm有限范围的硬件,可以设计出48格1对1的精细位移及148格1对4的粗调位移,以对应到X轴640的解析度。
又若显示幕X轴解析度被调高=1024,
1024=(1+C1)+(7×C2)    K1=1,K2=7
196=C1+C2
则经单元运算结果所取得的值将变为C2=138,C1=58;
(上列说明虽仅举X轴为例,但不难推知其Y轴亦得以相同原理予分配,故不赘述。)
其中当显示幕解析度由640增加至1024,但显示幕的PIXEL到PIXEL间亦缩小,所以K2由4增加到7并不影响游标于显示幕上行走的平稳性。且无论显示幕解析度如何改变其K1=1恒在,故当处于慢速V1时其游标都可作PIXEL到PIXEL精细位移,另外,单元上配置其正方向具有两个记录器而负方向亦有两个记录器,以对应计算C1及C2行走时所剩的格数,该正方向与负方向是相互对应,故使指控元件在指标区可以正确返回原点,相对地令游标于显示幕亦可正确返回原点,因而得使其以绝对座标方式适用各式解析度环境下工作,其中,更大的特色是两记录器在指控元件在超过低速以上移动时,是以C2加二C2减一整体移动量相当于增一的方式作计算,故可在不影响整体计数的前提下,让高速行走位移计数同时又可对C1记录器内存值作归零的动作,所有的资料内可先以单元内的固件(Firmware)收集,再传到指控元件的驱动程式(Driver)内处理,使人手移位一旦由高速切换到慢速时,游标所到达的定点四周环围都会有已经归零而足量的精细位移以供应用,操作上就像具有一精细位移的圈圈跟着游票在显示幕上到处移动的感觉一样,故而使在有限的硬件距离内可以做到绝对座标方式控制其游标的行走,同时又可准确的对应到显示幕上的每一点,因为有此格式化的对位单元存在,本发明方能在有限的移动范围内赋有绝对座标的移动及准确的对位,为实施上不可缺少的一项重要因素。
本发明的技术方案确可使指控输入装置的制造成本及体积都大为缩减,且使游标输入控制上更为平稳、方便、易于操作。
为进一步介绍本发明的结构组成、操作方法及使用上的优点,兹配合下述实施例与附图详细说明如下:
图1是本发明在指控元件上可随意区划供作绝对座标及对位控制的示意图;
图2是本发明以有限硬件移动范围得作绝对座标及对位控制的示意图;
图3是本发明指控输入装置实施例1的分解示意图;
图4是本发明指控输入装置实施例1的组合图;
图5是本发明指控输入装置实施例1操作示意图;
图6是本发明指控输入装置实施例2的分解示图;
图7是本发明指控输入装置实施例2的组合图;
图8是本发明指控输入装置实施例2操作移位的平面示意图;
图9是本发明指控输入装置实施例3的分解示图;
图10是本发明指控输入制装置实施例3的操作平面示图;
图11是本发明指控输入装置实施例4分解示图;
图12是本发明指探输入装置实施例4的操作平面示意图;
图13是本发明指控输入装置实施例5分解示图;
图14是本发明指控输入装置实施例5的组合平面示图;
图15是本发明实施例5的操作平面示意图;
图16A 16I为本发明格式化对位单元程式流程图。
如图1所示本发明任定范围高解析指控输入装置,是透过一控制电路以控制电脑显示幕上的游标的移动及定位,该输入装置包括有:
一指控元件1,其具有多个薄层叠接组成的感应面11,该感应面11被近接划过时可产生相对位移的0与1信号,以及,一格式化对位单元3,可对任何一种特定范围31产生的0与1信号以座标轴予区划,使游标可相对取得绝对座标方式的移动及定位效果,其中以各轴的0、1信号全数为C,区分成低速C1、低速以上C2等多个不同速度区CN,令其每一速度区各自分别对应不同的移动倍率K1、K2..KN,再集所划分不同速的C1、C2..CN相乘移动倍率K1、K2..KN的总合等于所要对应显示幕的解析度,又其每一轴至少设有两只记录器分别记录C1及C2以上的行走格数,两记录器的总合等于C,记录中当以超过低速的行走速度时对应于C2的记录器是以至少加2,另一记录器至少减1,总移动值不变仍为1的方式作为行进记录。
藉此,可在指控元件1的感应面11上任意区划,获得一个对应全显示幕解析度大小的输入范围31,使指控元件1在范围31内低速移动时可作点对点的精细位移,高速时可作加速移动及回归原点的动作,以有效控制游标对应到显示幕上的每一点,其中特别之处是在本发明所采用的格式化对位单元3可用与指控元件1间取得十分良好的弹性调整搭配,使用者可在指控元件1的感应面11任一位置上自行区划出不同的范围31或31..等,无论大小为何当在其内近接移动时,游标都可获得同样的精细控制以执行点对点或快速移动,而且所对应的游标绝对不会有通常跳格的情况出现,应用上较为平顺精准,效果远超过现有技术许多而有产业上可利用性。
如图2所示,本发明的指控元件1可进一步直接设成一个具有特定小范围31的触碰输入板10;其上供腾设一输入介质2,以作为触碰输入板10及人手间的传导,该输入介质2至少设有一抵触端点21用以近接上述触碰输入板10的感应面11;再利用上述的格式化对位作业单元3,使输入介质2在触碰输入板10上移动时,其游标可相对取得绝对座标方式的移动及定位效果。
其中:触碰输入板10可为电阻式或电容式皆无仿,因为在其有限的范围31距离内皆可作一定数量的感应分割,而产生足量的格数以符合本发明操作上的需求,使其输入介质2横向、直向可移动的距离x及y,可用绝对座标方式对应到显示幕上的X轴及Y轴长度,并且在移动时其游标环围四周始终保有足量可作精细位移的对位功能,故使其可完全准确地对应在显示幕上的每一点。
如图3、4所示,具体实施时其中触碰输入板10边上可设有槽轨12、12′供容置两维极向轴13、14以分别对应X轴及Y轴,其轴上设有贯穿长孔131、141,而其两轴交叉位15则供输入介质2填入,该输入介质2具有一凹室22,凹室22中设穿孔23供抵触端点21由输入介质2的一端穿过以达另一端,该抵触端点21为具传导性的T形顶针,其一端呈片状触板211供手指按,而另端为一短针212在穿过上述的穿孔23,在短针212及凹室22中并设有顶撑弹簧24,以提供抵触端点21受按恢复的能力。
藉此,如图5所示其输入介质2可由极向轴13、14所支撑,供手指按于触板211上将抵触端点21下压,令短针212近接触碰输入板1,在其感应面11有限的范围31内移动,应用格式化对位作业单元3使在任何解析度环境下,皆可使游标呈稳定的间隙移动且对应到显示幕上的每一点。
如图6、7、8所示,其中触碰输入板10亦可仅在一对边上设有槽轨12供容置一级向单轴13,轴上设有贯穿长孔131,供输入介质2的凹室22置入滑行,藉此同样可应用格式化对位作业单元3使在任何解析度下,使其输入介质2受按于单轴13行走的含盖范围31内活动,而令游标呈稳定的间隙移动且对应到显示幕上的每一点。
如图9、10所示,其中触碰输入板10与输入介质2上可各设有一限制框16、25,该限制框25中间上设有凹室22,凹室22中设穿孔23供抵触端点21由输入介质2的一端穿过以达另一端,抵触端点21亦为具传导性的T形顶针,其一端呈片状触板211供手指按,而另端为一短针212以穿过上述的穿孔23,在短针212及凹室22中并设有顶撑弹簧24,以提供抵触端点21受按恢复的能力,又该两限制框16、25具不同大小且呈对接状,以两者的间隙作为抵触端点21移动的限制,藉此,同样可应用格式化对位作业单元3使在任何解析度下,其输入介质2受按于单轴13行走的含盖范围31内活动,而令游标呈稳定的间隙移动且对应到显示幕上的每一点。
如图11、12所示,其中限制框16、25的大小亦可互异,在限制框16外留有较大唇缘161,使该两限制框16、25对接时,可以抵触端点21在限制框16中限格范围31内移动。
如图13、14所示,其触碰输入板10上的感应面11设成圆弧凹形,触碰输入板10上腾设一隔板17,其隔板17上具有一圆凹贯穿孔171,而该输入介质2中截上具一圆球部26用与上述贯穿孔171的圆凹位对接,其圆球部26内设有一凹室22,凹室22内设有穿孔23供抵触端点21穿过,该抵触端点21中截设有抵环27的杆体,杆的一端供手握而另端同时穿过上述的圆球部26及贯穿孔171,且在抵环27与凹室22间并设有顶撑弹簧24,以提供受按恢复的能力。
藉此如图15所示,组合时则可利用手按抵触端点21外露的杆部,以圆球部26为支撑作摇晃,使抵触端点21的另端抵至触碰输入板10的圆弧凹形表面11,以同样格式化对位作业单元3使在任何解析度下,使其输入介质2受按在可晃动圆周最大范围内活动,而令游标呈稳定的间隙移动且对应到显示幕上的每一点,同时亦可作为游戏的摇杆使用而达双重实用效果。
综上所述,本发明所提供的技术手段确可使指控输入装置的体积显著缩小并有效降低其生产成本,实用上更可将成品缩至大约半英寸左右仅以人手拇指即可灵活操控的程度,便于配置于各式键盘、遥控器或手提电脑上使用,使可在绝对座标下操作执行平稳的移动及准确对位的效果,所具功能诚为前所未有,足可供产业上利用。
附表
表1
状态表
      1234
   XA 0110
   XB 0011
 X+方向
   XA 1100
   XB 0110
X-方向
  XA  0011
  XB  1001
Xmax  1
        1
  Xmin  0
        0
Flag:Xmax·Xmin·X+
      旗标
reg:Xreg·x+reg·X-reg·Xmax reg·Xmin reg
记录器
表2
1、Vx一指控元件的速度,预定速率参考值
2、Vn一指控元件不同速度,设定位阶参考值
   C1一指控元件在最小速度位阶的最大移动距离
   C2一指控元件于第二速度位阶的最大移动距离
   C3一指控元件的距离;C1+C2=C3
   Kn一指控元件不同速度位阶的参考常数与指控元件速度相互对应
   VnXn一指控元件在不同速度位阶所移动距离
   V1X1+reg一指控元件在正方向于最小速度位阶所移动距离的记录器
   V2X2+reg一指控元件在正方向于第二速度位阶所移动距离的记录器
   V1X1-reg一指控元件在负方向于最小速度位阶所移动距离的记录器
   V2X2-reg一指控元件在负方向于第二速度位阶所移动距离的记录器
表3
公式1.C1+C2=C3
公式2.Kn=(n-1)K2-(n-2)K1 n≥3 K2>K1
公式3.(K1×C1)+(K2×C2)=显示幕的距离
公式4.Kn×VnXn=K2×V2×X2+K1×V1X1
公式5.VnXn=V2X2+V1X1

Claims (1)

1、一种任定范围高解析指控输入装置实现方法,其特征是包括:
由多个薄层叠接组成的感应面形成一指控元件,该感应面被近接划过时产生相对位移的0与1信号;
对任何一种特定范围产生的0与1信号以座标轴予区划形成一格式化对位单元,其中以各轴的0、1信号全数为C,区分成低速C1、低速以上C2多个不同速度区CN,令其每一速度区各自分别对应不同的移动倍率K1、K2..KN,再集所划分不同速的C1、C2..CN相乘移动倍率K1、K2..KN的总合等于所要对应显示幕的解析度,又其每一轴至少设有两只记录器分别记录C1及C2以上的行走格数,两记录器的总合等于C,记录中当以超过低速的行走速度时对应于C2的记录器是以至少加2,另一记录器至少减1,总移动值不变仍为1的方式作为行进记录;
指控元件的感应面上作上述区划,获得一个对应全显示幕解析度大小的输入范围,使指控元件在范围内低速移动时作点对点的精细位移,高速时作加速移动及回归原点的动作,有效控制游标对应到显示幕上的每一点。
CNB971202699A 1997-11-11 1997-11-11 任定范围高解析指控输入装置及实现方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1139037C (zh)

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