CN113900027B - Battery SOC estimation method, device, control unit and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
Battery SOC estimation method, device, control unit and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN113900027B CN113900027B CN202111165645.7A CN202111165645A CN113900027B CN 113900027 B CN113900027 B CN 113900027B CN 202111165645 A CN202111165645 A CN 202111165645A CN 113900027 B CN113900027 B CN 113900027B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
- G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery SOC estimation method, a battery SOC estimation device, a control unit and a computer readable storage medium. The invention relates to a battery SOC estimation method, which comprises the steps of obtaining a current value I of a target battery at the current temperature at the current moment; converting the obtained current value I into a current value I at a target temperature 1 And obtain the current value I 1 Corresponding current SOC 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining static state of charge (SOC) of a target battery at a target temperature at current moment 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to the static SOC 2 And the current SOC 1 Obtaining a current correction parameter a; and (5) correcting the current value I by using the current correction parameter a to obtain a battery SOC value. Because the relation between the electric quantity in the current temperature state of the battery and the electric quantity in the target temperature is established, the electric quantity in the static state of the battery at the target temperature is introduced as a parameter basis, the battery SOC value is calculated by the corrected current value after the current correction parameter is obtained, the correction standard at the uniform temperature is provided, and the accuracy of the battery SOC value is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery control, in particular to a battery SOC estimation method. Meanwhile, the invention also relates to a battery SOC estimation device for realizing the battery SOC estimation method, a control unit applying the battery SOC estimation method and a computer readable storage medium applying the battery SOC estimation method.
Background
Along with the promotion of related policies such as carbon neutralization, carbon peak and the like in China, the development of new energy is widely focused, and the most representative new energy automobile starts to widely enter the field of view of the public. The new energy automobile can be classified into a hybrid electric automobile, a fuel cell automobile and a pure electric automobile according to different power batteries. The pure electric vehicle gradually becomes the main direction of new energy vehicle development by virtue of the advantages of small noise, small pollution, simple structure, easy maintenance and the like. However, the power battery of the electric automobile does not reach an ideal state at present, and becomes a key technology for restricting the development of the electric automobile.
The performance of a power battery is affected by various factors such as the materials of a battery core, the production process, a battery management system and the like, wherein an accurate and reliable battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) can maximize the function of the battery and maintain the safety of the battery system under the existing conditions, and is the main research direction for improving the research on the performance of the battery at present. The State of Charge (SOC) of the battery is one of the key parameters of the BMS, and can reflect the Charge and discharge states of the battery, provide a strategy for controlling the whole vehicle, and directly influence the utilization rate of the battery and the performance of the vehicle. However, since SOC cannot be measured directly by a measuring device, and since the battery operating conditions are complicated and the battery voltage and current show nonlinear variations, accurate estimation of SOC is extremely important.
At present, the common lithium battery SOC estimation algorithm at home and abroad mainly comprises a direct measurement method, a data driving method and a model basic method. Direct measurement is a method of Open loop estimation, which generally includes an Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) method and an ampere-hour integration method. The open circuit voltage method is an estimation method based on the relationship between the OCV and the SOC, and presents a simple monotonic function relationship between the OCV and the SOC within a certain SOC range, but in actual engineering, the relationship is not a fixed function relationship, so that the SOC estimation error is larger. The ampere-hour integration method has high requirement on initial value precision, and accumulated integration errors with time are larger and larger, so that the SOC estimation precision is greatly reduced. The data driving method is also an open-loop estimation method, is an SOC estimation algorithm of machine learning and artificial intelligence, and can provide associative memory and good nonlinear function approximation characteristics according to self-learning and self-adaptive capacity, but the estimation result is influenced by experimental data and quality, and the data volume is high in calculation cost. The simulation basic method is a closed-loop estimation method, the method simulates the internal dynamic reaction process of the lithium battery by establishing an electrochemical model or an equivalent circuit model, takes the real-time parameters (current, terminal voltage and temperature) of the lithium battery which are measured on line as the input of the equivalent model, and combines a filtering algorithm in a control theory to estimate the SOC, but the estimation accuracy is also not ideal.
Because the SOC estimation requires a current sensor with extremely high precision to measure a current value, and the precision of the current sensor is easily influenced by temperature and noise, in order to reduce the influence of errors caused by current on the SOC estimation precision, the prior art describes a related method for correcting the current value to improve the battery SOC estimation precision; acquiring the battery temperature of the target battery at the current moment, and determining the temperature correction coefficient of the target battery at the current moment according to the battery temperature of the target battery at the current moment and the corresponding relation between the battery temperature of the target battery and the temperature correction coefficient; and determining the battery capacity of the target battery at the current moment according to the current correction coefficient of the target battery at the current moment, the temperature correction coefficient of the target battery at the current moment and the reference capacity of the target battery. By adopting the method, the corresponding relation between the correction current and the current temperature of the battery is mainly established so as to determine the correction coefficient of the current. However, in the use process of the battery, the temperature change rule is nonlinear, so that the estimation result of the battery capacity is not high in accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to propose a battery SOC estimation method to improve the accuracy of the battery SOC value.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to a battery SOC estimation method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a current value I of a target battery at the current temperature at the current moment;
converting the obtained current value I into a current value I at a target temperature 1 And obtain the current value I 1 Corresponding current SOC 1 ；
Acquiring the current target battery at the current timeStatic SOC at temperature 2 ；
According to the static SOC 2 And the current SOC 1 Obtaining a current correction parameter a;
and (5) correcting the current value I by using the current correction parameter a to obtain a battery SOC value.
Further, according to the relation between the battery capacity value of the target battery in the current temperature full-discharge state and the battery capacity value of the target battery in the target temperature full-discharge state, converting the acquired current value I into a current value I at the target temperature 1 。
Further, converting the ratio between the battery capacity value of the target battery in the current temperature full-discharge state and the battery capacity value of the target battery in the target temperature full-discharge state as a current value I to a current value I at the target temperature 1 Is set for the correction factor M.
Further, the current value I 1 Obtaining current SOC by an ampere-hour integration method 1 。
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
wherein SOC is 1-t A battery capacity value representing the time 1-t; q (Q) n A battery capacity value representing a state where the target battery is fully discharged at the target temperature.
Further, according to the open-circuit voltage of the target battery at the current moment at the target temperature, obtaining the static SOC 2 。
Further, the current correction parameter a is a static SOC 2 And the current SOC 1 And the ratio of the difference Δsoc of the target battery to the battery capacity value of the target battery in the target temperature full-discharge state.
Further, the target temperature is 25 ℃.
The invention also provides an estimation device of the battery capacity, which comprises:
the acquisition module acquires a current value I of the target battery at the current moment at the current temperature and a standing SO of the target battery at the current moment at the target temperatureC 2 ；
The calculation module converts the acquired current value I into a current value I at the target temperature 1 And obtain the current value I 1 Corresponding current SOC 1 ；
Processing module according to static SOC 2 And the current SOC 1 Obtaining a current correction parameter a;
the determining module is used for determining the SOC value of the battery after correcting the current value I by using the current correction parameter a.
The present invention also provides a battery SOC control unit including a processor and a memory having computer readable code stored therein, which when executed by the processor, performs the battery SOC estimation method as described above.
Furthermore, the invention provides a computer readable storage medium having instructions stored therein which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the battery SOC estimation method, the relation between the electric quantity in the current temperature state of the battery and the electric quantity in the target temperature state is established, the electric quantity in the static state of the battery in the target temperature state is introduced as a parameter basis, the current correction parameter is obtained, and the corrected current value is used for calculating the battery SOC value, so that the battery SOC value has the correction standard under the unified temperature, and the accuracy of the battery SOC value is effectively improved.
The battery SOC estimation device, the control unit and the computer-readable storage medium of the present invention have the same advantageous effects as those of the battery SOC estimation method described above with respect to the prior art, and are not described in detail herein.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery SOC estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a battery capacity estimating apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a battery SOC control unit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. an acquisition module; 2. a computing module; 3. a processing module; 4. a determining module; 5. a processor; 6. a memory.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connecting" are to be construed broadly, unless otherwise specifically defined. For example, the connection can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integrated connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in combination with specific cases.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Example 1
The present embodiment relates to a battery SOC estimation method, as shown in fig. 1, which generally includes the steps of:
step 101, obtaining a current value I of a target battery at the current temperature at the current moment;
step 102, converting the obtained current value I into a current value I at the target temperature 1 And obtain the current value I 1 Corresponding current SOC 1 ；
Step 103, obtaining the static state of the target battery at the target temperature at the current momentPut SOC 2 ；
Step 104, according to the static SOC 2 And the current SOC 1 Obtaining a current correction parameter a;
step 105, the battery SOC value is obtained after the current value I is corrected by the current correction parameter a.
According to the battery SOC estimation method, the relation between the electric quantity in the current temperature state of the battery and the electric quantity in the target temperature state is established, the electric quantity in the static state of the battery in the target temperature state is introduced as a parameter basis, the current correction parameter is obtained, and the corrected current value is used for calculating the battery SOC value, so that the battery SOC value has the correction standard under the unified temperature, and the accuracy of the battery SOC value is effectively improved.
In step 102, according to the relationship between the battery capacity value of the target battery in the current temperature full-discharge state and the battery capacity value of the target battery in the target temperature full-discharge state, the obtained current value I is converted into the current value I at the target temperature 1 . In the following description, setting the target temperature to 25 ℃ enables the result to be more accurate.
Specifically, in order to convert the current value into the current value I at the target temperature 1 Converting the ratio between the battery capacity value of the full-discharge state of the target battery at the current temperature and the battery capacity value of the target battery at the full-discharge state of the target temperature as a current value I to a current value I at the target temperature 1 Is set for the correction factor M.
In order to obtain the battery capacity value of the target battery in the fully-discharged state at 25 ℃, the battery capacity value C of the target battery at 25 ℃ in the initial state can be obtained first, and the actual capacity value C of the target battery at 25 ℃ can be obtained according to the SOH (percent of the current capacity and the delivery capacity) value of the battery 25 ＝C*SOH。
Obtaining battery capacity value of the target battery in full-discharge state at other temperatures, such as battery capacity value C of the target battery at-20 ℃ or-10 ℃ or 0 ℃ or 45 DEG C tem At this time, m=c tem /C 25 。
Based on the obtained correction coefficient M, willThe current value I of the current target battery is converted into a current value I of 25 DEG C 1 ，I 1 ＝I*M。
By the method of I 1 Carrying out ampere-hour integration processing, and calculating and obtaining the current SOC 1 ：
Wherein SOC is 1-t A battery capacity value representing the time 1-t; q (Q) n A battery capacity value representing a state where the target battery is fully discharged at the target temperature.
By the above steps, a battery capacity value corresponding to 25 ℃ without current correction can be obtained.
To obtain current I 1 At this time, an open circuit voltage is introduced. At this time, after the target battery is left to stand for a certain period of time, an open circuit voltage OCV of the target battery after being left to stand at 25 ℃ is obtained, and a standing SOC corresponding to the open circuit voltage OCV is obtained according to an OCV curve 2 . SOC at this time 2 Is a more accurate battery capacity value under the current condition of the target battery. At this time, the static SOC 2 And the current SOC 1 There is a deviation, and the current correction parameter a is set according to the difference Δsoc of the deviation.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the current correction parameter a, the difference Δsoc, and the battery capacity value of the target battery at 25 ℃. Specifically, the present battery capacity of the target battery at 25 ℃ is based on the current I 1 An accumulated capacity AH obtained by integration, which is equal to C obtained as above 25 The ratio of (2) is the battery capacity value of the full-discharge state of the target battery at 25 ℃.
Based on this, the current correction parameter a=Δsoc/AH/C 25 。
Correcting the current I by using the acquired current correction parameter a 1 Obtaining corrected current i=i 1 * (1+a) the corrected current I is calculated as a final current value according to the ampere-hour integration method described above, and a final SOC value is obtained.
Example two
The present embodiment designs an estimation device of battery capacity, which is shown in fig. 2, and includes an acquisition module 1, a calculation module 2, a processing module 3, and a determination module 4. Wherein, the acquisition module 1 acquires a current value I of the target battery at the current moment at the current temperature and a static state of charge (SOC) of the target battery at the current moment at the target temperature 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The calculation module 2 converts the acquired current value I into a current value I at the target temperature 1 And obtain the current value I 1 Corresponding current SOC 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The processing module 3 is based on the static SOC 2 And the current SOC 1 Obtaining a current correction parameter a; the determination module 4 determines the battery SOC value after correcting the current value I using the current correction parameter a.
Example III
The present embodiment relates to a battery SOC control unit, which mainly includes a processor 5 and a memory 6, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the memory 6 stores computer readable codes, and when the processor 5 executes the computer readable codes, the battery SOC control unit performs the battery SOC estimation method steps of the first embodiment.
Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the battery SOC estimation method of the first embodiment.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A battery SOC estimation method, comprising:
acquiring a current value I of a target battery at the current temperature at the current moment;
converting the obtained current value I into a current value I at a target temperature 1 And obtain the current value I 1 Corresponding current SOC 1 Wherein I 1 =i×m, and converting the ratio between the battery capacity value of the target battery in the current temperature full-discharge state and the battery capacity value of the target battery in the target temperature full-discharge state as a current value I to a current value I at the target temperature 1 A correction coefficient M of (a);
obtaining static state of charge (SOC) of a target battery at a target temperature at current moment 2 ；
According to the static SOC 2 And the current SOC 1 Obtaining a current correction parameter a, wherein the current correction parameter a is a static state SOC 2 And the current SOC 1 A ratio of the difference Δsoc of the target battery to the battery capacity value of the target battery in the target temperature full-discharge state;
and (5) correcting the current value I by using the current correction parameter a to obtain a battery SOC value.
2. The battery SOC estimation method according to claim 1, wherein:
the current value I 1 Obtaining current SOC by an ampere-hour integration method 1 。
3. The battery SOC estimation method according to claim 2, wherein:
wherein SOC is 1-t A battery capacity value representing the time 1-t; q (Q) n A battery capacity value representing a state where the target battery is fully discharged at the target temperature.
4. The battery SOC estimation method according to claim 1, wherein:
obtaining a static state of charge (SOC) according to the open-circuit voltage of the target battery at the current moment at the target temperature 2 。
5. The battery SOC estimation method according to claim 1, wherein: the target temperature was 25 ℃.
6. An estimation apparatus of battery capacity for performing the estimation method of claim 1, characterized in that the estimation apparatus comprises:
an acquisition module (1) for acquiring a current value I of the target battery at the current time at the current temperature and a static state of charge (SOC) of the target battery at the current time at the target temperature 2 ；
A calculation module (2) for converting the acquired current value I into a current value I at the target temperature 1 And obtain the current value I 1 Corresponding current SOC 1 ；
A processing module (3) for determining the static SOC 2 And the current SOC 1 Obtaining a current correction parameter a;
and a determination module (4) for determining the battery SOC value after correcting the current value I by the current correction parameter a.
7. A battery SOC control unit, characterized by:
comprising a processor (5) and a memory (6), the memory (6) having stored therein computer readable code, the battery SOC control unit performing the battery SOC estimation method of any of claims 1-5 when the processor (5) executes the computer readable code.
8. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 5.
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