CN113897535B - Ductile cast iron with toughness and high-temperature performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ductile cast iron with toughness and high-temperature performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113897535B CN113897535B CN202111172160.0A CN202111172160A CN113897535B CN 113897535 B CN113897535 B CN 113897535B CN 202111172160 A CN202111172160 A CN 202111172160A CN 113897535 B CN113897535 B CN 113897535B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
- C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
Abstract
The invention relates to ductile cast iron with toughness and high-temperature performance, which comprises the following components: 3.5-3.9%, Si: 2.3-2.6%, Mn: 0.3-0.6%, Mg: 0.02-0.08%, RE: 0.01-0.05%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, Cr: 1-2%, Ni: 0.3-0.8%, 30-150% of Cr/Al, 10-70% of Ni/Al and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the preparation method comprises the steps of smelting, spheroidizing, inoculating and casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to ductile cast iron with toughness and high-temperature performance, which has excellent high-temperature strength and high-temperature oxidation resistance and excellent room-temperature mechanical properties (particularly toughness), and is particularly suitable for parts applied under high-temperature working conditions such as engine parts, turbocharging parts, piston rings, exhaust manifolds, grates, boilers, sintering trolleys and the like on the basis of meeting the requirements of common applications of the ductile cast iron such as crankshafts, camshafts, connecting shafts, connecting rods, gears and the like.
Background
Compared with steel, the cost of the nodular cast iron is lower, the performance of the nodular cast iron is similar to that of the steel, and therefore the nodular cast iron is regarded as an ideal material for replacing the steel by the iron.
In high temperature conditions, such as piston rings, exhaust manifolds, boilers, turbocharger components, etc., a large amount of ductile iron has been used. With higher and higher working requirements, the high-temperature load and high-temperature environment borne by the nodular cast iron material are worse and worse, so that higher requirements are provided for the high-temperature performance of the nodular cast iron. The excellent high-temperature strength and high-temperature oxidation resistance are regarded as important material selection basis of the nodular cast iron applied under the high-temperature working condition.
As is well known in the art, Al, Cr and Ni are all elements capable of improving the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the nodular cast iron, but the addition amount of Al is generally more than 5%, the addition amounts of Ni and Cr are higher, and some parts can even be more than 15%, although the high-temperature oxidation resistance can be improved by adding the elements into the nodular cast iron, the toughness of the nodular cast iron is sharply reduced when the contents of Cr, Al and Ni are higher, so that the material becomes brittle and is easy to crack in the using process, and the high-temperature resistant nodular cast iron added with Ni, Cr and Al does not consider the strength characteristics at high temperature, so that the reliability of the high-temperature operation cannot be guaranteed, and the application of the nodular cast iron material is limited.
Based on the above knowledge, the inventors of the present invention propose a ductile iron with both toughness and high temperature performance, especially with excellent high temperature strength and excellent high temperature oxidation resistance, as well as excellent toughness, to meet the increasingly severe and complex requirements of high temperature operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a nodular cast iron material with high-temperature oxidation resistance, high-temperature strength and toughness. The material is not only suitable for the application of the conventional nodular cast iron, but also has good adaptability to parts for high-temperature application.
The technical object of the present invention is achieved by the following means.
The invention provides nodular cast iron with excellent toughness and high-temperature performance, which comprises the following components: 3.5-3.9%, Si: 2.3-2.6%, Mn: 0.3-0.6%, Mg: 0.02-0.08%, RE: 0.01-0.05%, Al: 0.01-0.05%, Cr: 1-2%, Ni: 0.3-0.8%, 30-150% Cr/Al, 10-70% Ni/Al, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities.
The basis for the design of the composition of the present invention is described below.
C: carbon is an element constituting the graphite structure, and is advantageous for improving the molten iron fluidity of graphite cast iron. The carbon is beneficial to improving the strength, the performances such as strength, toughness and elongation and the like are simultaneously reduced due to graphite segregation when the carbon is too high, the strength of the nodular cast iron cannot be guaranteed when the carbon is too low, the fluidity of molten iron is poor, casting defects are increased, and various mechanical properties are reduced. Suitable C contents of the present invention are 3.5-3.9%, preferably 3.6-3.8%, more preferably 3.65-3.75%.
Si: silicon is a graphitization promoting element and a solid solution strengthening element, the influence of the content of Si on the fluidity of molten iron is large, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of Si can be improved. If the Si content is too low, the graphitization effect and the strengthening effect of the nodular cast iron are obtained, and if the Si content is too high, the plasticity and the elongation of the nodular cast iron are remarkably reduced, and the toughness is remarkably deteriorated, and the Si content in the present invention is limited to 2.3 to 2.6%, preferably 2.4 to 2.5%.
Mn: manganese can be combined with sulfur to generate MnS, so that the deterioration of the performance of nodular cast iron caused by sulfur impurity is reduced, a proper amount of Mn is beneficial to ensuring the strength of the nodular cast iron, the plasticity and toughness of the nodular cast iron are reduced due to overhigh Mn, and the desulfurization effect and the strengthening effect are insufficient due to overlow Mn. The Mn content in the present invention is set to 0.3 to 0.6%, preferably 0.4 to 0.5%.
Mg: magnesium is an element that promotes spheroidization, O and S are impurities that hinder spheroidization of graphite, and Mg can react with O and S to promote nodular crystallization. If the content of Mg is too low, the spheroidization promoting effect is not remarkable, and if the content of Mg is too high, impurities are easy to form or precipitate during crystallization, so that the nodular cast iron becomes brittle, and the plasticity and the toughness are reduced. The content of Mg in the present invention is set to 0.02 to 0.08%, preferably 0.03 to 0.06%, more preferably 0.04 to 0.05%.
RE: rare earth is an element promoting spheroidization, which can react with O, S, ensure spheroidization effect of graphite, and contribute to refinement of spheroidal graphite. Too low results in insufficient refining and ensuring spheroidization effect, too high a cost rises and the cost of the preparation process increases. The rare earth content is set to 0.01 to 0.05%, preferably 0.02 to 0.04%, more preferably 0.025 to 0.035% in the present invention.
Al: aluminum is an element for improving the high-temperature oxidation resistance, but when the aluminum content is higher, the graphite loses the spherical shape, the abnormal graphite is increased, the nodular cast iron is quickly embrittled, and the plasticity and toughness are rapidly deteriorated, in the common high-temperature nodular cast iron, the aluminum content reaches about 5%, the material is very brittle, and the toughness and the plasticity are extremely low.
Cr: chromium is a commonly used additive element in cast iron, has a strengthening effect, has positive significance for improving high-temperature oxidation resistance, high-temperature strength and high-temperature creep resistance, and is easy to form carbide once the content of Cr is too high, so that the toughness and plasticity of the nodular cast iron are reduced rapidly. According to the invention, by adding low contents of Al and Cr, excellent toughness can be achieved while excellent high-temperature performance is ensured. The Cr content in the present invention is 1 to 2%, preferably 1.2 to 1.8%, more preferably 1.4 to 1.6%.
Ni: nickel is an element for improving the high-temperature strength and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the nodular cast iron, the effect is obvious when the nickel content is high, the nickel can improve the toughness of the nodular cast iron, the effect is obvious when the nickel content is low, and in the common nodular cast iron, the addition of the nickel cannot give consideration to the obtainment of both the high-temperature performance and the toughness. According to the invention, by adding low content of Ni and matching with a certain amount of Al, excellent high-temperature performance is obtained on the basis of ensuring excellent toughness. The amount of Ni added in the present invention is 0.3 to 0.8%, preferably 0.4 to 0.7%, more preferably 0.5 to 0.6%.
Cr/Al and Ni/Al: the chromium-aluminum ratio and the nickel-aluminum ratio are important for obtaining the technical effect of the invention, and Cr, Al and Ni are elements for improving the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the nodular cast iron, but in the prior art, the contents of Al, Cr and Ni which need to be added are higher to obtain the beneficial high-temperature oxidation resistance, and the toughness must be sacrificed. The inventor of the invention finds that by controlling the proportion of Cr, Ni and Al within a certain range, excellent high-temperature strength and high-temperature oxidation resistance can be obtained under the condition of lower addition amount of Al, Cr and Ni, toughness can be considered, and various mechanical properties of room temperature can not be lost. When Cr/Al or Ni/Al is out of the range of the invention, the nodular cast iron with high temperature performance, toughness and other mechanical properties cannot be obtained. In order to obtain the technical effects, the invention limits the Cr/Al to be in the range of 30-150, preferably 40-80, more preferably 50-70, and particularly preferably 55-65; the Ni/Al ratio is limited to a range of 10 to 70, preferably 10 to 50, more preferably 10 to 40, particularly preferably 12 to 25.
In the present invention, a non-exhaustive list of the inevitable impurity elements is P, S, and the contents of the inevitable impurity elements are defined as P: 0.05% or less, S: below 0.03%, the lower the content of impurities, the better, but the higher the requirements for raw materials and smelting, the higher the cost, and the preferred P: 0.03% or less, S: less than 0.02%.
The nodular cast iron of the invention can further comprise 0.3 to 0.8 percent of Cu and 0.01 to 2 percent of V and/or Mo on the basis of the elements.
Cu: copper is a strengthening element of nodular cast iron, but causes a reduction in elongation. If Cu is too low, the strengthening effect is not significant, and if Cu is too high, the elongation is seriously deteriorated. The Cu content in the present invention is limited to 0.3 to 0.8%, preferably 0.4 to 0.7%, more preferably 0.5 to 0.6%.
V and/or Mo: both V and Mo are elements capable of enhancing the room temperature strength and the high temperature strength of the spheroidal graphite cast iron by forming carbides, but too high content of V or Mo causes too much carbides to be generated to affect the spheroidizing effect of graphite, and the increase of carbides drastically deteriorates the toughness and plasticity of the spheroidal graphite cast iron. Thus, the amount of V and Mo to be added is controlled to be 0.01 to 2%, preferably 0.05 to 1.5%, more preferably 0.1 to 1.0%, and still more preferably 0.3 to 0.8%.
The room temperature performance of the nodular cast iron is as follows: tensile strength of 850- 2 The above; the high temperature performance is as follows: tensile strength at 400 ℃ of 450-; the thickness of the oxide layer after being kept at 900 ℃ for 120h in an air atmosphere is not more than 80 μm, and more preferably not more than 50 μm.
The nodular cast iron of the invention can be applied to the application of the conventional nodular cast iron such as crankshafts, camshafts, connecting shafts, connecting rods, gears and the like, and is also particularly suitable for high-temperature resistant parts applied to high-temperature working conditions such as engine parts, turbocharging parts, piston rings, exhaust manifolds, grates, boilers, sintering trolleys and the like.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows.
Compared with the heat-resistant nodular cast iron with high aluminum, high chromium and high nickel in the prior art, the invention adopts the design concept of components with low aluminum, low chromium and low nickel, and the ratio of Cr/Al and Ni/Al is controlled, excellent high-temperature mechanical property and room-temperature toughness property are obtained, and the mechanical property at room temperature is not lost, by compositely adding Cr, Ni and Al and controlling the proportion of Cr/Al and Ni/Al, so that the excellent high-temperature strength and high-temperature oxidation resistance can be obtained under the condition that the sum of the contents of the oxidation resisting elements Cr, Ni and Al of the nodular cast iron is less than 5 percent, and has excellent room temperature toughness, when the Cr, Ni and Al are controlled in a proper range and the proportion range is proper, the nodular cast iron can easily form a thin oxidation layer rich in Cr, Ni and Al at high temperature, and the oxide layer is not obviously thickened at high temperature for a long time, the alloy performance is excellent, and the cost of the elements is lower. Through the content control of other low-price basic alloy elements and the matching of the content of Cr, Ni and Al, the nodular cast iron with excellent high-temperature strength, high-temperature oxidation resistance, room-temperature toughness, room-temperature strength, room-temperature elongation and other properties is finally obtained.
In addition, another technical object of the present invention is to provide the method for preparing spheroidal graphite cast iron, wherein the spheroidal graphite cast iron having both toughness and high-temperature performance is prepared by smelting, spheroidizing, inoculating and pouring, and the spheroidizing can be spheroidizing at least once or the inoculating can be inoculating at least once.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art fully understand the technical scheme and the beneficial effects of the present invention, the following further description is made in combination with specific test examples.
And preparing the nodular cast iron according to the design components, wherein all P elements are qualified when being controlled to be 0.02% +/-0.002%, and all S elements are qualified when being controlled to be 0.015% +/-0.002%. The specific preparation method is as follows.
The first step, chemical composition design: selecting pig iron, scrap steel, foundry returns and the like with low sulfur, phosphorus and manganese contents as raw materials according to target chemical components, and calculating the consumption of each raw material.
Step two, smelting in an intermediate frequency furnace: and smelting each component into molten iron by adopting a medium-frequency induction furnace.
Step three, spheroidizing: the nodulizer is a rare earth magnesium silicon nodulizer, and the nodulizing method is to perform nodulizing treatment by adopting a flushing method.
Step four, inoculation treatment and pouring: adopting a ferrosilicon inoculant to perform inoculation treatment in a ladle; and sand casting is adopted to obtain the nodular cast iron.
And (4) carrying out chemical component analysis on the nodular cast iron obtained by pouring, and detecting the strength, elongation, toughness and high-temperature oxidation resistance. The analysis of chemical components and the test of various mechanical properties at room temperature are carried out according to the national standard GB/T1348-2009 and the standard requirements cited by the national standard GB/T228.2-2015, the high-temperature mechanical properties are carried out according to the national standard GB/T228.2-2015, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance is characterized by measuring the thickness of an oxide layer by observing and measuring a microscope after a sample is kept at 900 ℃ in the air atmosphere for 120 hours. The results of the analysis of the chemical components of the spheroidal graphite cast irons of test nos. 1 to 30 are recorded in table 1, and the results of the various mechanical property tests are shown in table 2.
Table 1 (the components are in percentage by mass, and the balance is Fe)
In the above test examples, the numbers 1 to 14 are all inventive examples of the present invention. The element contents of Nos. 15 to 30 or Cr/Al, Ni/Al do not meet the requirements of the present invention, and therefore, test examples Nos. 15 to 30 are comparative examples of the present invention.
Table 2 shows the mechanical properties and high-temperature oxidation resistance of test examples Nos. 1 to 30.
TABLE 2
The chemical components in table 1 and the mechanical properties and high temperature oxidation resistance in table 2 are combined to further analyze and explain the invention examples of the invention.
The numbers 1-14 in table 1 are inventive examples of the present invention, which satisfy the requirements of the present invention for the content of each element and the ratio of Cr/Al and Ni/Al, and each inventive example in table 2 can satisfy the performance requirements of the present invention, i.e. room temperature performance: tensile strength of 850- 2 The above; high temperature performance: the tensile strength is 650MPa at 400 ℃, 120 MPa at 900 ℃, and the thickness of an oxide layer is not more than 80 μm after heat preservation for 120h at 900 ℃ in an air atmosphere. In particular, in the invention examples 3-6 and 11-14 in which Cr/Al is 55-65 and Ni/Al is 12-25, the thickness of the oxide layer after heat preservation at 900 ℃ for 120 hours in the air atmosphere is 50 μm or less.
In particular, in the invention examples 11-14, the content of Al in the invention examples 1-2, 7 and 9 was adjusted on the basis of meeting the requirements of the invention, and the comparison shows that the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the nodular cast iron is obviously improved when the content of Al is increased or decreased and the content of Cr/Al is 55-65 and the content of Ni/Al is 12-25, for example, the thicknesses of the oxidation layers of the nodular cast iron of the invention examples 11-14 after being kept at 900 ℃ for 120h in an air atmosphere are 46 μm, 43 μm, 35 μm and 39 μm respectively, while the thicknesses of the oxidation layers of the nodular cast iron of the invention examples 1-2, 7 and 9 after being kept at 900 ℃ for 120h in the air atmosphere are 77 μm, 74 μm, 68 μm and 67 μm respectively.
Comparative examples of the present invention are analyzed one by one in conjunction with tables 1 and 2 below.
Comparative examples 15 to 21 are comparative examples of inventive example 1, and the contents of Cr, Ni and Al are adjusted so that at least one of Cr, Al, Cr/Al and Ni/Al does not satisfy the requirements of the present invention. Specifically, the contents of Cr, Ni and Al in the comparative example 15 all meet the invention requirements, but Cr/Al and Ni/Al do not meet the requirements of the invention, so that the thickness of an oxide layer after the temperature of 900 ℃ is multiplied by 120h cannot meet the invention requirements; the Al content of comparative example 16 is too low, and although Cr/Al and Ni/Al are within the range of the present invention, the thickness of the oxide layer after 900 ℃ X120 h could not meet the invention requirements; compared with the comparative example 17, the Al content is too high, Cr/Al and Ni/Al do not meet the requirements of the invention, the too high Al causes the toughness and plasticity of the material to be reduced, and finally the room temperature toughness, the room temperature elongation and the oxide layer thickness after 900 ℃ multiplied by 120h of the nodular cast iron can not meet the requirements of the invention; the comparative example 18 has a Cr content too low, and although Cr/Al and Ni/Al are within the range of the present invention, the thickness of the oxide layer after 900 ℃ for 120h cannot meet the requirements of the invention; the Cr content of the comparative example 19 is too high, and Cr/Al does not meet the requirements of the invention, so that the room-temperature tensile strength, the room-temperature yield strength, the room-temperature toughness, the room-temperature elongation, the 400-DEG C tensile strength, the 900-DEG C tensile strength and the oxide layer thickness after 900-DEG C x 120h can not meet the requirements of the invention; the comparative example 20 has too high Ni content, which causes that the room temperature tensile strength, the room temperature yield strength, the room temperature toughness, the room temperature elongation, the 400 ℃ tensile strength, the 900 ℃ tensile strength and the oxide layer thickness after 900 ℃ multiplied by 120h can not meet the invention requirements; the Ni content of the comparative example 21 is too low, and the Ni/Al does not meet the requirements of the invention, so that the thickness of the oxide layer after 900 ℃ multiplied by 120h can not meet the requirements of the invention. Through comparison of comparative examples 15-21 and inventive example 1, it is shown that controlling reasonable Al content is important for obtaining high temperature oxidation resistance, plasticity and toughness, controlling reasonable Cr content is important for obtaining room temperature yield strength, room temperature tensile strength, plasticity, toughness, high temperature strength and high temperature oxidation resistance, and controlling reasonable Ni jaw is important for obtaining room temperature yield strength, room temperature tensile strength, plasticity, toughness, high temperature strength and high temperature oxidation resistance; reasonable control of Cr/Al and Ni/Al is important for obtaining excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance.
Comparative examples 22 to 24 were comparative examples of inventive example 3, in which Al, Cr or Ni was added alone in an amount similar to the Al + Cr + Ni content of inventive example 3. Specifically, the Al content of comparative example 22 is out of the range of the present invention, which causes the room temperature tensile strength, room temperature yield strength, room temperature toughness, room temperature elongation, 400 ℃ tensile strength, 900 ℃ tensile strength to be out of the requirements of the invention, and since it does not contain Cr, Ni, Al, Cr, Ni cannot synergistically exert the high temperature oxidation resistance, causing the oxide layer thickness to be out of the requirements of the invention after 900 ℃ x 120 h; the Cr content of the comparative example 23 is within the range of the present invention, but because Al and Ni are not contained, Cr, Al and Ni cannot synergistically exert the high temperature oxidation resistance, so that the thickness of the oxide layer after 900 ℃ x 120h cannot meet the requirements of the present invention; the Ni content of the comparative example 24 is higher than the range of the present invention, and since Al and Cr are not contained, Ni, Al and Cr cannot synergistically exert the high-temperature oxidation resistance, the oxide layer thickness after 900 ℃ x 120h cannot meet the requirements of the present invention, and too high Ni content causes a drastic decrease in the room-temperature elongation and room-temperature toughness of nodular cast iron, and cannot meet the requirements of the present invention. By comparison, it is shown that adding Al and Cr, Ni simultaneously and ensuring that the contents and ratio of Cr/Al and Ni/Al are within a certain range is important for obtaining excellent toughness, plasticity and high temperature oxidation resistance.
Comparative examples 25 to 26 comparative examples of inventive example 2 were prepared, and the C content was adjusted. Specifically, the content of C in comparative example 25 is lower than the requirement of the present invention, resulting in that the room temperature tensile strength and room temperature yield strength as well as the high temperature tensile strength thereof do not satisfy the requirement of the present invention, and the content of C in comparative example 26 is higher than the requirement of the present invention, resulting in that the room temperature plasticity and room temperature toughness thereof do not satisfy the requirement of the present invention. By comparison, it is shown that controlling the appropriate C content is important for obtaining excellent room temperature strength, room temperature elongation, room temperature toughness, and high temperature strength.
Comparative examples 27 to 28 comparative examples of inventive example 7 were prepared, and the content of Si was adjusted. Specifically, the Si content of the comparative example 27 is lower than the requirement of the invention, but the nodular cast iron has higher C content and Mn content, so the strength characteristic can still meet the requirement of the invention, but the Si also has important influence on the high-temperature oxidation resistance, so the oxide layer thickness after 900 ℃ multiplied by 120h can not meet the requirement of the invention; the comparative example No. 28, which has Si contents higher than those of the present invention, has too high room temperature strength, too low room temperature elongation, too low room temperature toughness and too high temperature strength, failing to satisfy the requirements of the present invention. By comparison, the control of proper Si content is proved to have important significance on room temperature strength, room temperature elongation, room temperature toughness, high temperature strength and high temperature oxidation resistance.
Comparative examples 29 to 30 comparative examples of inventive example 9 were prepared, and the Mn content was adjusted. Specifically, the Mn content of comparative example 29 is lower than the requirement of the present invention, which results in the strength reduction of spheroidal graphite cast iron, but the room temperature strength and the high temperature strength can still meet the requirement of the present invention due to the higher C and Si contents, but the sulfur-fixing effect is reduced due to the lower Mn content, which causes sulfur inclusions to easily become the starting point of the surface oxide film destruction at high temperature, so that the oxide layer thickness after 900 ℃x120 h cannot meet the requirement of the present invention; the Mn content of comparative example 30, which is higher than the requirement of the present invention, results in excessively high room temperature tensile strength and room temperature yield strength, and drastically deteriorated room temperature elongation and room temperature toughness, failing to satisfy the requirement of the present invention. By comparison, the reasonable control of the Mn content is proved to have important effects on obtaining room temperature strength, room temperature elongation, room temperature toughness and high temperature oxidation resistance.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. The ductile iron with both toughness and high-temperature performance is characterized by comprising the following components: 3.5-3.9%, Si: 2.3-2.6%, Mn: 0.3-0.6%, Mg: 0.02-0.08%, RE: 0.01-0.05%, Al: 0.01-0.04%, Cr: 1-2%, Ni: 0.3-0.7%, Cr/Al =70-150, Ni/Al =10-70, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the room temperature toughness of the nodular cast iron is 55J/cm 2 The thickness of the oxide layer after heat preservation for 120h at 900 ℃ in the air atmosphere is not higher than 80 μm, the tensile strength at 400 ℃ is 650MPa, and the tensile strength at 900 ℃ is 240 MPa.
2. The ductile iron having both toughness and high temperature performance according to claim 1, further comprising 0.3-0.8% Cu.
3. The ductile iron having both toughness and high temperature performance according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the content of Al is 0.02-0.04%, the content of Cr is 1.2-1.8%, the content of Ni is 0.4-0.6%, and Cr/Al =70-80, Ni/Al = 12-25.
4. The ductile iron having both toughness and high temperature performance according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the ductile iron further comprises 0.01-2% of V and/or Mo.
5. The ductile iron with both toughness and high temperature performance according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the room temperature performance of the ductile iron is as follows: tensile strength is 850-1050MPa, yield strength is 600-800MPa, and elongation is more than 5%.
6. The method for preparing ductile iron with toughness and high temperature performance according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of smelting, spheroidizing, inoculating and pouring.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the spheroidizing step comprises at least one spheroidizing step, and/or the inoculating step comprises at least one inoculating step.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101768693A (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2010-07-07 | 浙江佳力风能技术有限公司 | Ferrite matrix ductile cast iron, fabrication method and shaft made of ductile cast iron |
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|---|---|
| CN113897535A (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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