CN113893890B - Fractal step channel type double-emulsion micro-fluidic mass production device - Google Patents

Fractal step channel type double-emulsion micro-fluidic mass production device Download PDF

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CN113893890B
CN113893890B CN202111128784.2A CN202111128784A CN113893890B CN 113893890 B CN113893890 B CN 113893890B CN 202111128784 A CN202111128784 A CN 202111128784A CN 113893890 B CN113893890 B CN 113893890B
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陈永平
卢悦
李波
刘向东
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Southeast University
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Abstract

一种分形阶跃通道式双重乳液微流控量产装置,包括若干并行的横向渐扩‑纵向突扩乳化单元和多级配置的分形结构流体分配通道,横向渐扩‑纵向突扩乳化单元包括相互连接的等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构和变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构。横向渐扩‑纵向突扩乳化单元中,等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构将流体从通道壁面推离,促进液滴在表面张力作用下加速脱离,变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构则会引起内界面拉普拉斯压差的变化,产生定向毛细驱动压差,促进流体快速流出,并在瑞利不稳定作用下断裂形成液滴,两种效应相互协同,提升乳液生成动力,串联两级乳化模块可促成双重乳液生成;分形结构流体分配通道可解决各相流体在多路并行制备单元之间出现分配不均的问题。

Figure 202111128784

A fractal step channel double emulsion microfluidic mass production device, including several parallel horizontal gradual expansion-longitudinal sudden expansion emulsification units and multi-stage configuration fractal structure fluid distribution channel, the horizontal gradual expansion-longitudinal sudden expansion emulsification unit includes The interconnected equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradually expands and the variable-depth longitudinally suddenly expands the step structure. In the horizontal gradual expansion-longitudinal sudden expansion emulsification unit, the gradual expansion structure of the wedge-shaped flow section of equal depth pushes the fluid away from the wall of the channel, and promotes the accelerated detachment of droplets under the action of surface tension. The change of the interface Laplace pressure difference produces a directional capillary driving pressure difference, which promotes the rapid outflow of the fluid, and breaks to form droplets under the Rayleigh instability. The two effects cooperate with each other to improve the power of the emulsion. The module can promote the formation of double emulsion; the fractal structure fluid distribution channel can solve the problem of uneven distribution of each phase fluid among multiple parallel preparation units.

Figure 202111128784

Description

一种分形阶跃通道式双重乳液微流控量产装置A Fractal Step Channel Double Emulsion Microfluidic Mass Production Device

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及双重乳液微流控生产技术领域,尤其涉及一种分形阶跃通道式双重乳液微流控量产装置。The invention relates to the technical field of double emulsion microfluidic production, in particular to a fractal step channel double emulsion microfluidic mass production device.

背景技术Background technique

与单液滴相比,双重乳液是含有较小液滴的乳液滴,内部存在特有的壳-核结构,因其特有的灵活性和可控性而被广泛应用于化学化工、医药、化妆品等领域。传统的搅拌法、机械振荡法等传统双重乳液制备技术中,制备过程通常伴随强烈的振荡与剪切,这些制备方法下生成的双重乳液存在可控性差、球形度低、分散度低等问题。Compared with single droplets, double emulsions are emulsion droplets containing smaller droplets, and there is a unique shell-core structure inside. Because of its unique flexibility and controllability, it is widely used in chemical engineering, medicine, cosmetics, etc. field. In the traditional double emulsion preparation techniques such as traditional stirring method and mechanical oscillation method, the preparation process is usually accompanied by strong oscillation and shearing. The double emulsion produced by these preparation methods has problems such as poor controllability, low sphericity, and low dispersion.

微流控技术可通过对微小通道内多相流体的有效组织,实现多相流体及其相界面行为的精确控制。因此,与传统的乳液制备技术相比,采用微流控技术制备双重乳液具有单分散性好、球形度优、可控性高等优点,且原材料消耗小,整个制备过程更加经济、安全。Microfluidic technology can realize the precise control of multiphase fluid and its phase interface behavior through the effective organization of multiphase fluid in tiny channels. Therefore, compared with the traditional emulsion preparation technology, the preparation of double emulsion by microfluidic technology has the advantages of good monodispersity, excellent sphericity, high controllability, etc., and the consumption of raw materials is small, and the whole preparation process is more economical and safer.

目前,针对单通路微流控液滴生成过程的研究已经较为成熟,可以生产出高品质、单分散的单、双重乳液乃至多重乳液液滴,且液滴的尺寸、核壳比、内液滴的个数均能实现连续可调。但在双重乳液量产过程中,各相流体在多路并行制备单元之间会出现分配不均的问题,在并行常规的流动聚焦结构的乳化体系中,当各相流体流量出现波动时,液滴尺寸也会随之变化,导致双重乳液的分散度低。此外,微流控装置中的各相流体流动缓慢,常引起单元出口处相界面包覆及脱离过程“动力不足”,进而造成乳液生成失败甚至通道阻塞。因此,各相流体的均匀分配和制备单元液滴生成的充足动力是高品质双乳液工业化量产的两大瓶颈问题。At present, the research on the single-channel microfluidic droplet generation process has been relatively mature, and high-quality, monodisperse single-, double-emulsion, and even multiple-emulsion droplets can be produced, and the droplet size, core-shell ratio, inner droplet The number can be continuously adjusted. However, in the process of mass production of double emulsions, there will be uneven distribution of the fluids of each phase among the multi-channel parallel preparation units. The droplet size will also vary, resulting in low dispersion of the double emulsion. In addition, the fluid flow of each phase in the microfluidic device is slow, which often causes "insufficient power" in the phase interface coating and detachment process at the outlet of the unit, which in turn leads to failure of emulsion formation and even channel blockage. Therefore, the uniform distribution of the fluids of each phase and the sufficient power of the droplet generation of the preparation unit are two bottlenecks in the industrial mass production of high-quality double emulsions.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明目的在于针对现有技术的缺陷,提供一种结合了等深度楔形渐扩通道结构与变深度纵向突扩阶跃通道结构的分形阶跃通道式双重乳液微流控量产装置。The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects of the prior art and provide a fractal step channel double emulsion microfluidic mass production device that combines a wedge-shaped gradually expanding channel structure of equal depth and a step channel structure of variable depth longitudinal expansion.

为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供技术方案如下:In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides technical solutions as follows:

一种分形阶跃通道式双重乳液微流控量产装置,其特征在于:包括一级乳化模块、二级乳化模块和双重乳液输送通道,所述一级乳化模块包括若干并行的一级乳化单元,所述一级乳化单元包括内相流体输送通道、一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构、一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构和中间相流体输送通道,所述内相流体输送通道的出口与所述一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构的入口连接,所述一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构的出口与所述一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构的入口连接,所述中间相流体输送通道连通一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构的底部,所述二级乳化模块包括若干并行的二级乳化单元,所述二级乳化单元包括二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构、二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构和外相流体输送通道,所述一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构的出口与所述二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构的入口连接,所述二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构的出口与所述二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构的入口连接,所述外相流体输送通道连通二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构的底部,所述一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构和二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构的渐扩角度范围为10~35°,所述一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构和二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构的深度分别至少为一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构和二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构的2倍,所述双重乳液输送通道与二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构的出口连接。A fractal step channel double emulsion microfluidic mass production device, characterized in that it includes a primary emulsification module, a secondary emulsification module, and a double emulsion delivery channel, and the primary emulsification module includes several parallel primary emulsification units , the first-stage emulsification unit includes an internal phase fluid delivery channel, a first-order equal-depth wedge-shaped flow cross-section gradual expansion structure, a first-stage variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure, and an interphase fluid delivery channel, and the internal phase fluid delivery channel The outlet is connected to the inlet of the first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure, and the outlet of the first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure is connected to the entrance of the first-level variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure, so The mesophase fluid delivery channel communicates with the bottom of the first-stage variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure. The second-stage emulsification module includes several parallel second-stage emulsification units. expansion structure, two-stage variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure and external fluid delivery channel, the outlet of the first-stage variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure is connected to the entrance of the second-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure, The outlet of the two-stage equal-depth wedge-shaped flow cross-section gradual expansion structure is connected to the inlet of the two-stage variable-depth longitudinal sudden-expansion step structure, and the external phase fluid delivery channel communicates with the bottom of the two-stage variable-depth longitudinal sudden-expansion step structure , the gradual expansion angle range of the first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure and the second-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure is 10-35°, and the first-level variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure and the second-level The depth of the variable-depth vertical sudden expansion step structure is at least twice that of the first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure and the second-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure. Outlet connections of the burst step structure.

进一步的,还包括具有分形结构的内相流体分配模块,所述内相流体分配模块包括依次连通的内相流体主通道和内相流体子通道,所述内相流体主通道分叉形成两个内相流体子通道,每个内相流体子通道又分叉形成下一级的两个内相流体子通道,直至内相流体分配通道的末端形成2n个内相流体子通道,n为内相流体子通道的分形级数,取自然数,第n级内相流体子通道与所述内相流体输送通道的入口连通。Further, it also includes an internal phase fluid distribution module with a fractal structure, the internal phase fluid distribution module includes internal phase fluid main channels and internal phase fluid sub-channels connected in sequence, and the internal phase fluid main channel is bifurcated to form two The internal phase fluid sub-channel, each internal phase fluid sub-channel bifurcates to form two internal phase fluid sub-channels of the next level, until the end of the internal phase fluid distribution channel forms 2 n internal phase fluid sub-channels, n is the internal phase fluid sub-channel The fractal series of the phase fluid sub-channels is a natural number, and the nth internal phase fluid sub-channel communicates with the inlet of the internal phase fluid delivery channel.

进一步的,第i-1级内相流体子通道的长度li-1与第i级内相流体子通道的长度li之间满足

Figure BDA0003279742280000021
第i-1级内相流体子通道的水力半径di-1与第i级内相流体子通道的水力半径di之间满足
Figure BDA0003279742280000022
其中,Δ为长度分形维数。Further, the length l i-1 of the internal phase fluid sub-channel of the i-1th stage and the length l i of the i-th internal phase fluid sub-channel satisfy
Figure BDA0003279742280000021
The relationship between the hydraulic radius d i-1 of the internal phase fluid sub-channel of the i-1th level and the hydraulic radius d i of the i-th internal phase fluid sub-channel satisfies
Figure BDA0003279742280000022
Among them, Δ is the length fractal dimension.

进一步的,还包括具有分形结构的中间相流体供液分配模块和外相流体供液分配模块,所述中间相流体供液分配模块包括依次连接的中间相流体供液通道、中间相流体主通道和中间相流体子通道,所述中间相流体主通道分叉形成两个中间相流体子通道,每个中间相流体子通道又分叉形成下一级的两个中间相流体子通道,直至中间相流体供液分配模块的末端形成2j个中间相流体子通道,j为中间相流体子通道的分形级数,第j级中间相流体子通道与所述中间相流体输送通道的入口连接,所述外相流体供液分配模块包括依次连接的外相流体供液通道、外相流体主通道和外相流体子通道,所述外相流体主通道分叉形成两个外相流体子通道,每个外相流体子通道又分叉形成下一级的两个外相流体子通道,直至外相流体供液分配模块的末端形成2k个外相流体子通道,k为外相流体子通道的分形级数,第k级外相流体子通道与所述外相流体输送通道的入口连接,其中j=k=n。Further, it also includes an interphase fluid supply and distribution module with a fractal structure and an external phase fluid supply and distribution module, and the interphase fluid supply and distribution module includes an interphase fluid supply channel, an interphase fluid main channel and The mesophase fluid subchannel, the mesophase fluid main channel bifurcates to form two mesophase fluid subchannels, and each mesophase fluid subchannel bifurcates to form two mesophase fluid subchannels of the next stage, until the mesophase The end of the fluid supply distribution module forms 2 j mesophase fluid subchannels, j is the fractal series of mesophase fluid subchannels, and the jth stage mesophase fluid subchannel is connected to the inlet of the mesophase fluid delivery channel, so The external-phase fluid supply distribution module includes an external-phase fluid supply channel, an external-phase fluid main channel, and an external-phase fluid sub-channel connected in sequence. The external-phase fluid main channel is bifurcated to form two external-phase fluid sub-channels, and each external-phase fluid sub-channel is The bifurcation forms two external phase fluid sub-channels of the next level, until the end of the external phase fluid supply distribution module forms 2 k external phase fluid sub-channels, k is the fractal series of the external phase fluid sub-channels, and the k-th external phase fluid sub-channel It is connected with the inlet of the external phase fluid delivery channel, where j=k=n.

进一步的,所述内相流体分配模块、一级乳化模块和二级乳化模块均设置在通道板内,所述双重乳液输送通道设置在盖板内,所述内相流体供液通道、中间相流体供液分配模块和外相流体供液分配模块均设置在供液底板内,所述盖板、通道板和供液底板自上而下依次密封连接。Further, the internal phase fluid distribution module, the primary emulsification module and the secondary emulsification module are all set in the channel plate, the double emulsion delivery channel is set in the cover plate, the internal phase fluid supply channel, the intermediate phase Both the liquid supply distribution module for the fluid and the liquid supply distribution module for the external phase fluid are arranged in the liquid supply bottom plate, and the cover plate, the channel plate and the liquid supply bottom plate are sequentially sealed and connected from top to bottom.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:1、一级和二级乳化模块中的横向渐扩-纵向突扩乳化单元均为等深度楔形流动截面渐扩后耦合变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构,其中等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构可以使流体从通道壁面被推离,促进液滴在表面张力的作用下加速脱离;变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构则会引起内界面拉普拉斯(Laplace)压差的变化,产生定向毛细驱动压差,促进了流体的快速流出,并在瑞利不稳定作用下断裂形成液滴,两种效应相互协同,提升乳液生成动力,通过串联两级乳化模块可促成双重乳液的生成。2、阶跃式乳化方式中,液滴尺寸主要受表/界面张力控制,对流量变化不敏感,因此最大限度地保证了每个乳化单元所生成液滴尺寸的均一性。3、多级配置的分形结构流体分配通道,实现流体由大径流主流向多个子通道的均匀分配输运,保证了各个乳化单元液滴生成的单分散性,同时分形结构的分配通道可以大大减少液滴量产过程中所需注射泵的数量。4、在后续添加紫外或加热固化装置将生成的双重乳液固化为微胶囊,可以拓展其在药物、化工等多个领域的应用。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The horizontal gradual expansion-longitudinal sudden expansion emulsification units in the primary and secondary emulsification modules are all equal-depth wedge-shaped flow sections gradually expanded and then coupled with variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion The step structure, in which the mid-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradually expands, can push the fluid away from the wall of the channel, and promote the accelerated detachment of droplets under the action of surface tension; the variable-depth longitudinally expanding step structure will cause the inner interface The change of the Laplace pressure difference produces a directional capillary drive pressure difference, which promotes the rapid outflow of the fluid, and breaks to form droplets under the Rayleigh instability. The two effects cooperate with each other to enhance the power of the emulsion formation. The two-stage emulsification module facilitates the formation of double emulsions. 2. In the step emulsification method, the droplet size is mainly controlled by surface/interfacial tension and is not sensitive to flow changes, so the uniformity of droplet size generated by each emulsification unit is guaranteed to the greatest extent. 3. The multi-stage configuration of the fractal structure fluid distribution channel realizes the uniform distribution and transportation of the fluid from the large runoff main flow to multiple sub-channels, and ensures the monodispersity of the droplets generated by each emulsification unit. At the same time, the distribution channel of the fractal structure can be greatly reduced. The number of syringe pumps required for mass production of droplets. 4. Add ultraviolet or heating curing device to cure the generated double emulsion into microcapsules, which can expand its application in many fields such as medicine and chemical industry.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

图2为通道板内部结构示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the channel plate;

图3为通道板内部结构俯视图;Figure 3 is a top view of the internal structure of the channel plate;

图4为一级乳化单元和二级乳化单元结构示意图;Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a primary emulsification unit and a secondary emulsification unit;

图5为一级乳化单元俯视图;Fig. 5 is a top view of the primary emulsification unit;

图6为供液底板结构示意图;Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid supply bottom plate;

图7为双重乳液生成原理图。Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the formation of double emulsion.

其中:1-通道板,2-盖板,3-供液底板,4-内相流体,5-中间相流体,6-单液滴,7-外相流体,8-双重乳液,11-内相流体分配模块,12-一级乳化模块,13-二级乳化模块,21-双重乳液输送通道,31-内相流体供液通道,32-中间相流体供液分配模块,33-外相流体供液分配模块,111-内相流体主通道,112-内相流体子通道,121-内相流体输送通道,122-一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构,123-一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构,124-中间相流体输送通道,131-二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构,132-二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构,133-外相流体输送通道,321-中间相流体主通道,322-中间相流体子通道,323-中间相流体供液通道,331-外相流体主通道,332-外相流体子通道,333-外相流体供液通道。Among them: 1-channel plate, 2-cover plate, 3-liquid supply bottom plate, 4-internal phase fluid, 5-intermediate phase fluid, 6-single droplet, 7-external phase fluid, 8-double emulsion, 11-internal phase Fluid distribution module, 12-first-stage emulsification module, 13-secondary emulsification module, 21-double emulsion delivery channel, 31-inner phase fluid supply channel, 32-mesophase fluid supply distribution module, 33-outer phase fluid supply Distribution module, 111-main channel of internal phase fluid, 112-sub-channel of internal phase fluid, 121-transport channel of internal phase fluid, 122-first-level gradual expansion structure of wedge-shaped flow section with equal depth, 123-first-level vertical sudden expansion step with variable depth Step structure, 124-Mesophase fluid transport channel, 131-Secondary equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradually expanding structure, 132-Secondary variable depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure, 133-External phase fluid transport channel, 321-Mesophase fluid main Channels, 322-intermediate fluid sub-channel, 323-intermediate fluid supply channel, 331-external phase fluid main channel, 332-external phase fluid sub-channel, 333-external phase fluid supply channel.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了加深本发明的理解,下面我们将结合附图对本发明作进一步详述,该实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is only used to explain the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention.

图1-6示出了一种分形阶跃通道式双重乳液微流控量产装置的实施例,包括自上而下密封连接的盖板2、通道板1和供液底板3,在盖板2内设置有双重乳液输送通道21,在通道板1内设置有内相流体分配模块11、一级乳化模块12和二级乳化模块13,在供液底板3内设置有内相流体供液通道31、中间相流体供液分配模块32和外相流体供液分配模块33。一级乳化模块12包括若干并行的一级乳化单元,一级乳化单元包括内相流体输送通道121、一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构122、一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构123和中间相流体输送通道124,内相流体输送通道121的出口与一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构122的入口连接,一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构122的出口与一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构123的入口连接,中间相流体输送通道124连通一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构123的底部,二级乳化模块13包括若干并行的二级乳化单元,二级乳化单元包括二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构131、二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构132和外相流体输送通道133,一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构123的出口与二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构131的入口连接,二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构131的出口与二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构132的入口连接,外相流体输送通道133连通二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构132的底部,一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构122和二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构131的渐扩角度β范围为10~35°,一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构123和二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构132的深度分别至少为一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构122和二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构131的2倍,双重乳液输送通道21与二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构132的出口连接。1-6 shows an embodiment of a fractal step channel type double emulsion microfluidic mass production device, including a cover plate 2, a channel plate 1 and a liquid supply bottom plate 3 that are sealed and connected from top to bottom. 2 is provided with a double emulsion delivery channel 21, an internal phase fluid distribution module 11, a primary emulsification module 12 and a secondary emulsification module 13 are provided in the channel plate 1, and an internal phase fluid supply channel is provided in the liquid supply bottom plate 3 31. The intermediate phase fluid supply and distribution module 32 and the external phase fluid supply and distribution module 33. The first-stage emulsification module 12 includes several parallel first-stage emulsification units, and the first-stage emulsification unit includes an internal phase fluid delivery channel 121, a first-stage equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure 122, a first-stage variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure 123 and The intermediate phase fluid delivery channel 124, the outlet of the inner phase fluid delivery channel 121 is connected to the inlet of the first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure 122, and the outlet of the first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure 122 is connected to the first-level variable-depth longitudinal The inlet of the sudden expansion step structure 123 is connected, and the interphase fluid delivery channel 124 communicates with the bottom of the first-stage variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure 123. The secondary emulsification module 13 includes several parallel secondary emulsification units, and the secondary emulsification unit includes The second-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow cross-section gradual expansion structure 131, the second-level variable-depth vertical sudden expansion step structure 132 and the external fluid delivery channel 133, the outlet of the first-level variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure 123 and the second-level constant depth wedge-shaped flow The inlet of the cross-sectional gradually expanding structure 131 is connected, the outlet of the second-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradually expanding structure 131 is connected to the inlet of the second-level variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure 132, and the external phase fluid delivery channel 133 is connected to the second-level variable-depth longitudinal protrusion. At the bottom of the expanded step structure 132, the gradual expansion angle β of the first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure 122 and the second-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure 131 ranges from 10 to 35°, and the first-level variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion The depths of the step structure 123 and the second step structure 132 with variable-depth longitudinal expansion are at least twice as deep as the first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure 122 and the second-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure 131, and the double emulsion The conveying channel 21 is connected with the outlet of the two-stage variable-depth vertical sudden expansion step structure 132 .

内相流体分配模块11包括依次连通的内相流体主通道111和内相流体子通道112,内相流体主通道111分叉形成两个内相流体子通道112,每个内相流体子通道112又分叉形成下一级的两个内相流体子通道112,直至内相流体分配模块11的末端形成2n个内相流体子通道112,n为内相流体子通道112的分形级数,取自然数,第n级内相流体子通道112与内相流体输送通道121的入口连通。第i-1级内相流体子通道的长度li-1与第i级内相流体子通道的长度li之间满足

Figure BDA0003279742280000041
第i-1级内相流体子通道的水力半径di-1与第i级内相流体子通道的水力半径di之间满足
Figure BDA0003279742280000051
其中,Δ为长度分形维数。中间相流体供液分配模块32包括依次连接的中间相流体供液通道323、中间相流体主通道321和中间相流体子通道322,中间相流体主通道321分叉形成两个中间相流体子通道322,每个中间相流体子通道322又分叉形成下一级的两个中间相流体子通道322,直至中间相流体供液分配模块32的末端形成2j个中间相流体子通道322,j为中间相流体子通道322的分形级数,第j级中间相流体子通道322与中间相流体输送通道124的入口连接,外相流体供液分配模块33包括依次连接的外相流体供液通道333、外相流体主通道331和外相流体子通道332,外相流体主通道331分叉形成两个外相流体子通道332,每个外相流体子通道332又分叉形成下一级的两个外相流体子通道332,直至外相流体供液分配模块33的末端形成2k个外相流体子通道332,k为外相流体子通道332的分形级数,第k级外相流体子通道332与外相流体输送通道133的入口连接,其中j=k=n。The internal phase fluid distribution module 11 includes a main internal phase fluid channel 111 and an internal phase fluid subchannel 112 that are connected in sequence. The internal phase fluid main channel 111 is bifurcated to form two internal phase fluid subchannels 112, and each internal phase fluid subchannel 112 And branch to form two internal phase fluid sub-channels 112 of the next level, until the end of the internal phase fluid distribution module 11 forms 2n internal phase fluid sub-channels 112, n is the fractal series of internal phase fluid sub-channels 112, Taking a natural number, the nth internal phase fluid sub-channel 112 communicates with the inlet of the internal phase fluid delivery channel 121 . Between the length l i-1 of the internal phase fluid sub-channel of the i-1th stage and the length l i of the i-th internal phase fluid sub-channel satisfies
Figure BDA0003279742280000041
The relationship between the hydraulic radius d i-1 of the internal phase fluid sub-channel of the i-1th level and the hydraulic radius d i of the i-th internal phase fluid sub-channel satisfies
Figure BDA0003279742280000051
Among them, Δ is the length fractal dimension. The interphase fluid supply distribution module 32 includes an interphase fluid supply channel 323, an interphase fluid main channel 321, and an interphase fluid sub-channel 322 connected in sequence, and the interphase fluid main channel 321 is bifurcated to form two interphase fluid sub-channels 322, each mesophase fluid sub-channel 322 bifurcates to form two mesophase fluid sub-channels 322 of the next stage, until the end of the mesophase fluid supply distribution module 32 forms 2 j mesophase fluid sub-channels 322, j is the fractal series of the interphase fluid sub-channel 322, the j-th stage interphase fluid sub-channel 322 is connected to the inlet of the interphase fluid delivery channel 124, and the external phase fluid supply distribution module 33 includes an external phase fluid supply channel 333, which is connected in sequence, External phase fluid main channel 331 and external phase fluid sub-channel 332, external phase fluid main channel 331 bifurcates to form two external phase fluid sub-channels 332, and each external phase fluid sub-channel 332 bifurcates to form two external phase fluid sub-channels 332 of the next stage , until the end of the external-phase fluid supply distribution module 33 forms 2 k external-phase fluid sub-channels 332, k is the fractal series of the external-phase fluid sub-channels 332, and the k-th stage external-phase fluid sub-channel 332 is connected to the inlet of the external-phase fluid delivery channel 133 , where j=k=n.

上述实施例的具体工作原理为:The concrete working principle of above-mentioned embodiment is:

如图7所示,内相流体4从内相流体供液通道31流入具有分形结构的内相流体分配模块11中,中间相流体5经过中间相流体供液分配模块32分配后,从中间相流体输送通道124充满一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构122和一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构123。当内相流体4到达一级乳化模块12时,一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构122使内相流体4与中间相流体5之间的内界面的前端脱离与通道侧壁的接触,且该界面在界面张力的作用下产生向心收缩,促进内相流体4液滴SE(single emulsion)的生长,当内界面前端运动到一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构123时,通道深度的纵向突扩使得内界面前端长成半径为rd的灯泡状头部,界面内的压力为pi1As shown in Figure 7, the internal phase fluid 4 flows into the internal phase fluid distribution module 11 with a fractal structure from the internal phase fluid supply channel 31, and after the intermediate phase fluid 5 is distributed through the intermediate fluid supply distribution module 32, it flows from the intermediate phase The fluid conveying channel 124 is filled with a first-level constant-depth wedge-shaped flow cross-section gradual expansion structure 122 and a first-level variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure 123 . When the internal phase fluid 4 reaches the first-stage emulsification module 12, the first-stage equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure 122 makes the front end of the internal interface between the internal phase fluid 4 and the intermediate phase fluid 5 break away from the contact with the side wall of the channel, and The interface produces centripetal contraction under the action of interfacial tension, which promotes the growth of the inner phase fluid 4 droplet SE (single emulsion). The longitudinal sudden expansion makes the front end of the inner interface grow into a bulb-shaped head with a radius of r d , and the pressure inside the interface is p i1 ,

Figure BDA0003279742280000052
Figure BDA0003279742280000052

其中,po1为中间相流体的压力,γ为水油两相的界面张力系数。Among them, p o1 is the pressure of the interphase fluid, and γ is the interfacial tension coefficient of the water-oil two-phase.

随着颈部的收缩,颈部压力为pn1As the neck contracts, the neck pressure is p n1 ,

Figure BDA0003279742280000053
Figure BDA0003279742280000053

其中,α为油相与固体内壁面的接触角,h为通道高度,r1为在x-y平面上的曲率半径,r2为在y-z平面上的曲率半径。Among them, α is the contact angle between the oil phase and the solid inner wall, h is the channel height, r 1 is the radius of curvature on the xy plane, and r 2 is the radius of curvature on the yz plane.

颈部压力与灯泡状头部的压力产生了毛细压差Δp=pn1-pi1,引起颈部断裂,生成单液滴6。The pressure in the neck and the pressure in the bulb-shaped head creates a capillary pressure difference Δp=p n1 -p i1 , which causes the neck to break and generate a single droplet 6 .

生成的单液滴6随着中间相流体5在通道中继续向前流动,外相流体7经过外相流体供液分配模块33分配后,从外相流体输送通道133充满二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构131和二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构132。当包裹着单液滴6的中间相流体5到达二级乳化模块13时,中间相流体5与外相流体7之间的外界面会经过与内相流体4相似的过程,从而断裂形成双重乳液8。The generated single droplet 6 continues to flow forward along with the intermediate phase fluid 5 in the channel, and after the external phase fluid 7 is distributed by the external phase fluid supply distribution module 33, the external phase fluid delivery channel 133 is filled with the secondary equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradually expanding The structure 131 and the step structure 132 with two-stage variable-depth vertical sudden expansion. When the interphase fluid 5 enclosing the single droplet 6 reaches the secondary emulsification module 13, the outer interface between the interphase fluid 5 and the outer phase fluid 7 will go through a process similar to that of the inner phase fluid 4, thereby breaking and forming a double emulsion 8 .

上述具体实施方式,仅为说明本发明的技术构思和结构特征,目的在于让熟悉此项技术的相关人士能够据以实施,但以上内容并不限制本发明的保护范围,凡是依据本发明的精神实质所作的任何等效变化或修饰,均应落入本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned specific implementation is only to illustrate the technical concept and structural features of the present invention, and the purpose is to allow relevant persons familiar with this technology to implement it accordingly, but the above content does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent change or modification made in essence shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1.一种分形阶跃通道式双重乳液微流控量产装置,其特征在于:包括一级乳化模块(12)、二级乳化模块(13)和双重乳液输送通道(21),所述一级乳化模块(12)包括若干并行的一级乳化单元,所述一级乳化单元包括内相流体输送通道(121)、一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构(122)、一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构(123)和中间相流体输送通道(124),所述内相流体输送通道(121)的出口与所述一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构(122)的入口连接,所述一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构(122)的出口与所述一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构(123)的入口连接,所述中间相流体输送通道(124)连通一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构(123)的底部,所述二级乳化模块(13)包括若干并行的二级乳化单元,所述二级乳化单元包括二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构(131)、二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构(132)和外相流体输送通道(133),所述一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构(123)的出口与所述二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构(131)的入口连接,所述二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构(131)的出口与所述二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构(132)的入口连接,所述外相流体输送通道(133)连通二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构(132)的底部,所述一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构(122)和二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构(131)的渐扩角度β范围为10~35°,所述一级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构(123)和二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构(132)的深度分别至少为一级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构(122)和二级等深度楔形流动截面渐扩结构(131)的2倍,所述双重乳液输送通道(21)与二级变深度纵向突扩阶跃结构(132)的出口连接;还包括具有分形结构的内相流体分配模块(11),所述内相流体分配模块(11)包括依次连通的内相流体主通道(111)和内相流体子通道(112),所述内相流体主通道(111)分叉形成两个内相流体子通道(112),每个内相流体子通道(112)又分叉形成下一级的两个内相流体子通道,直至内相流体分配模块(11)的末端形成2n个内相流体子通道,n为内相流体子通道的分形级数,取自然数,第n级内相流体子通道与所述内相流体输送通道(121)的入口连通;还包括具有分形结构的中间相流体供液分配模块(32)和外相流体供液分配模块(33),所述中间相流体供液分配模块(32)包括依次连接的中间相流体供液通道(323)、中间相流体主通道(321)和中间相流体子通道(322),所述中间相流体主通道(321)分叉形成两个中间相流体子通道(322),每个中间相流体子通道(322)又分叉形成下一级的两个中间相流体子通道,直至中间相流体供液分配模块(32)的末端形成2j个中间相流体子通道,j为中间相流体子通道(322)的分形级数,第j级中间相流体子通道与所述中间相流体输送通道(124)的入口连接,所述外相流体供液分配模块(33)包括依次连接的外相流体供液通道(333)、外相流体主通道(331)和外相流体子通道(332),所述外相流体主通道(331)分叉形成两个外相流体子通道(332),每个外相流体子通道(332)又分叉形成下一级的两个外相流体子通道,直至外相流体供液分配模块(33)的末端形成2k个外相流体子通道(332),k为外相流体子通道(332)的分形级数,第k级外相流体子通道与所述外相流体输送通道(133)的入口连接,其中j=k=n。1. A fractal step channel type double emulsion microfluidic mass production device, characterized in that: comprising a primary emulsification module (12), a secondary emulsification module (13) and a double emulsion delivery channel (21), said one The first-stage emulsification module (12) includes several parallel first-stage emulsification units, and the first-stage emulsification unit includes an internal phase fluid delivery channel (121), a first-stage equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure (122), a first-stage variable-depth longitudinal a sudden expansion step structure (123) and an intermediate phase fluid delivery channel (124), the outlet of the inner phase fluid delivery channel (121) is connected to the inlet of the first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure (122), The outlet of the first-level constant-depth wedge-shaped flow cross-section progressive expansion structure (122) is connected to the inlet of the first-level variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure (123), and the interphase fluid delivery channel (124) communicates with a first-level The bottom of the step structure (123) with variable depth longitudinal expansion, the secondary emulsification module (13) includes several parallel secondary emulsification units, and the secondary emulsification unit includes a secondary equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure ( 131), a two-stage variable-depth vertical sudden expansion step structure (132) and an external phase fluid delivery channel (133), the outlet of the first-stage variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure (123) is connected to the second-level equal-depth wedge The inlet of the flow cross-section gradual expansion structure (131) is connected, and the outlet of the second-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow cross-section gradual expansion structure (131) is connected with the entrance of the second-level variable depth longitudinal sudden expansion step structure (132), so The external phase fluid delivery channel (133) communicates with the bottom of the two-stage variable-depth vertical sudden expansion step structure (132), and the first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradually expands (122) and the second-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradually expands. The gradual expansion angle β of the structure (131) ranges from 10° to 35°, and the depths of the first-level variable-depth vertically sudden expansion step structure (123) and the second-level variable-depth vertical sudden expansion step structure (132) are respectively at least The first-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure (122) and the second-level equal-depth wedge-shaped flow section gradual expansion structure (131) are twice as large, and the double emulsion delivery channel (21) and the second-level variable-depth longitudinal sudden expansion step The outlet connection of the structure (132); also includes an internal phase fluid distribution module (11) with a fractal structure, and the internal phase fluid distribution module (11) includes internal phase fluid main passages (111) and internal phase fluid sub-channels (111) communicated in sequence Channel (112), the internal phase fluid main channel (111) bifurcates to form two internal phase fluid sub-channels (112), and each internal phase fluid sub-channel (112) bifurcates to form two internal phase fluid sub-channels (112) of the next stage. phase fluid sub-channel until the end of the internal phase fluid distribution module (11) forms 2 n internal phase fluid sub-channels, n is the fractal series of the internal phase fluid sub-channel, which is a natural number, the nth internal phase fluid sub-channel and The inlet of the internal phase fluid delivery channel (121) is connected; it also includes an intermediate phase fluid supply distribution module (32) with a fractal structure and an external phase fluid supply distribution module (33), the intermediate phase fluid The liquid supply distribution module (32) includes an interphase fluid supply channel (323), an interphase fluid main channel (321) and an interphase fluid sub-channel (322) connected in sequence, and the interphase fluid main channel (321) is divided into The fork forms two mesophase fluid subchannels (322), and each mesophase fluid subchannel (322) forks to form two mesophase fluid subchannels of the next stage until the mesophase fluid supply distribution module (32) 2j mesophase fluid sub-channels are formed at the end, j is the fractal series number of mesophase fluid sub-channels (322), and the jth stage mesophase fluid sub-channel is connected with the inlet of the mesophase fluid delivery channel (124), The external phase fluid supply distribution module (33) includes an external phase fluid supply channel (333), an external phase fluid main channel (331) and an external phase fluid subchannel (332) connected in sequence, and the external phase fluid main channel (331) is divided into The fork forms two external phase fluid sub-channels (332), and each external phase fluid sub-channel (332) bifurcates to form two external phase fluid sub-channels of the next stage, until the end of the external phase fluid supply distribution module (33) forms 2 k external phase fluid sub-channels (332), k is the fractal number of external phase fluid sub-channels (332), the kth external phase fluid sub-channel is connected with the entrance of the external phase fluid delivery channel (133), wherein j=k= n. 2.根据权利要求1所述一种分形阶跃通道式双重乳液微流控量产装置,其特征在于:第i-1级内相流体子通道的长度li-1与第i级内相流体子通道的长度li之间满足
Figure FDA0003895654430000021
第i-1级内相流体子通道的水力半径di-1与第i级内相流体子通道的水力半径di之间满足
Figure FDA0003895654430000022
其中,Δ为长度分形维数。
2. A kind of fractal step channel type double emulsion microfluidic mass production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length l i-1 of the i-1th internal phase fluid sub-channel is the same as the i-th internal phase The length l of the fluid subchannel satisfies
Figure FDA0003895654430000021
The relationship between the hydraulic radius d i-1 of the internal phase fluid sub-channel of the i-1th level and the hydraulic radius d i of the i-th internal phase fluid sub-channel satisfies
Figure FDA0003895654430000022
Among them, Δ is the length fractal dimension.
3.根据权利要求2所述一种分形阶跃通道式双重乳液微流控量产装置,其特征在于:所述内相流体分配模块(11)、一级乳化模块(12)和二级乳化模块(13)均设置在通道板(1)内,所述双重乳液输送通道(21)设置在盖板(2)内,所述内相流体供液通道(31)、中间相流体供液分配模块(32)和外相流体供液分配模块(33)均设置在供液底板(3)内,所述盖板(2)、通道板(1)和供液底板(3)自上而下依次密封连接。3. A kind of fractal step channel type double emulsion microfluidic mass production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the internal phase fluid distribution module (11), the primary emulsification module (12) and the secondary emulsification module The modules (13) are all arranged in the channel plate (1), the double emulsion delivery channel (21) is arranged in the cover plate (2), the inner phase fluid supply channel (31), the middle phase fluid supply distribution The module (32) and the external phase fluid supply and distribution module (33) are both arranged in the liquid supply bottom plate (3), and the cover plate (2), the channel plate (1) and the liquid supply bottom plate (3) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom Sealed connection.
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