CN113883958B - Supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun device - Google Patents
Supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113883958B CN113883958B CN202111129414.0A CN202111129414A CN113883958B CN 113883958 B CN113883958 B CN 113883958B CN 202111129414 A CN202111129414 A CN 202111129414A CN 113883958 B CN113883958 B CN 113883958B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
- F41F1/00—Launching apparatus for projecting projectiles or missiles from barrels, e.g. cannons; Harpoon guns
Abstract
The invention discloses a supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun device which comprises a main air chamber, a gun barrel, a bullet holder, a bullet body, a vacuumizing device and CO 2 The device comprises an air storage tank, an elastomer releasing mechanism, an elastomer blocking device, a heating device and a bottom support; the rear end of the gun barrel is sleeved with a sealThe center of the sealing cover is provided with an inflation hole; the main air chamber is coaxially sleeved on the periphery of the air guide hole at the front end of the gun barrel; CO2 2 The gas storage tank can fill liquid CO into the main gas chamber 2 (ii) a The heating device can make liquid CO in the main gas chamber 2 Heating to form supercritical carbon dioxide; the projectile body release mechanism enables supercritical carbon dioxide in the main air chamber to enter an inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel through the inflation hole and the air guide hole respectively, so that the projectile support is pushed to launch forwards; the bottom support is used for supporting the main air chamber and the gun barrel. The invention utilizes the phase state transition characteristic of carbon dioxide from liquid state to supercritical state, thereby realizing energy storage with higher power density and short emission period. Meanwhile, the carbon dioxide has stable property and low requirement on the environment of storage and transportation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas gun device, in particular to a supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun device.
Background
The gas gun is a device which uses aerodynamic principle, uses compressed gas as working medium, instantaneously converts gas pressure energy into air jet flow kinetic energy by a differential pressure device and a quick exhaust valve capable of realizing automatic control and generates strong impact force, and the gas gun has the capability of launching loads such as a projectile body at high speed, and the impact loading of the gas gun can generate impact wave pressure of hundreds of MPa to hundreds of GPa in a solid material. The higher the gas pressure energy is, the higher the acceleration of the instantaneously discharged gas flow is, the higher the air jet power energy is, and the stronger the impact force generated by the gas cannon is. The strong driving force of high-speed airflow discharged instantly by explosion of the gas gun is utilized, and the high-acceleration impact mechanical environment is easy to realize. Due to the characteristics, the gas gun technology is gradually applied to the fields of rescue and relief work, emergency rescue, daily training of troops and the like. The design aims at innovating the structural design and application prospect of the gas gun and aims at applying the gas gun to the launching of a small carrier rocket.
The launch of the carrier rocket at the present stage mainly comprises two modes: hot emission and cold emission.
Thermal emission as a conventional emission pattern has the following characteristics: and (1) the structure is simple, and the design and mass production are convenient. (2) The emission can be carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure, and the requirement on the environment is lower. (3) A launching tube can be compatible with various carrier rockets and has high compatibility. (4) The technology is mature, the safety coefficient is high, and the bearing risk is small. The disadvantages of thermal emission are also apparent: because the rocket is directly ignited in the launching tube or the launching well, the burning of the launching tube or the launching well and the ablation damage to adjacent ground equipment by the high-temperature and high-pressure tail flame are inevitable, and a large amount of expenses are needed to recover the launching equipment after each launching.
Cold emission is used as a novel emission mode, and has the following characteristics: (1) The cold launching is no longer disturbed by the heat insulation problem of the launching tube, so that the cold launching tube does not need to be provided with a flame guide channel, and the launching well can be designed more firmly for intercontinental missiles. (2) The missile is ignited in the air, which means that the damage to the launching tube can be greatly reduced, the missile is particularly suitable for launching the missile by the nuclear submarine, the missile is independently ignited after being launched, the requirement on the strength of the nuclear submarine can be greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the missile is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the nuclear submarine. (3) The risk of self-explosion of the launching tube when the missile fails to ignite or operates abnormally is reduced. However, the current stage of cold emission also has a number of disadvantages: at first, compressed air or light gas is mostly adopted for boosting in cold launching at the present stage, but the compressed air needs a larger air compression device due to the gas characteristic, and the preparation time is longer, so that the launching period is increased, and the battlefield rhythm cannot be kept up to the faster and faster. Light gas is easy to explode due to unstable gas properties, has high requirements on storage and transportation environments, and cannot meet the requirements in many cases, so that the applicability of the light gas is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun device, which utilizes the phase state transition characteristic of carbon dioxide from liquid state to supercritical state, so as to realize energy storage with higher power density and short emission period. Meanwhile, the carbon dioxide has stable property and low requirement on the environment of storage and transportation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun device comprises a main air chamber, a gun barrel, a bullet holder, a bullet body, a vacuumizing device and CO 2 The bullet holds in palm intercepting device, heating device and collet.
The bullet support is arranged in the inner cavity of the gun barrel in a sealing and sliding mode, and the front end of the bullet support is used for placing the bullet body.
The rear end of the gun barrel is sleeved with a sealing cover, and the inner cavity of the gun barrel between the sealing cover and the bullet holder is called as the inner cavity of the rear end of the gun barrel; the center of the sealing cover cap is provided with an inflation hole communicated with the inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel.
The bullet support intercepting device is installed at the front end of the gun barrel and used for blocking the bullet support and enabling the bullet body to be separated from the bullet support and then be launched.
And a plurality of air guide holes are uniformly distributed on one side of the gun barrel, which faces the sealing cover cap, along the circumferential direction.
The main air chamber is coaxially sleeved on the gun barrel outside the air guide holes and can be communicated with each air guide hole.
CO 2 The gas storage tank can fill liquid CO into the main gas chamber 2 。
The vacuumizing device can vacuumize the inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel.
The heating device can make liquid CO in the main gas chamber 2 The heating is performed to form supercritical carbon dioxide.
The projectile body releasing mechanism enables supercritical carbon dioxide in the main air chamber to enter an inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel through the inflation hole and the air guide hole respectively, and therefore the projectile support is pushed to launch forwards.
The bottom support is used for supporting the main air chamber and the gun barrel.
Projectile releasing mechanism including critical CO 2 Air duct, electron vacuum valve and manometer.
The main air chamber is provided with CO 2 Gas injection hole, CO 2 The gas injection hole is provided with a three-way valve.
CO 2 The gas storage tank passes through CO 2 Gas injection pipe and CO 2 One channel of the three-way valve on the gas injection hole is communicated; CO2 2 The gas injection pipe is provided with CO 2 And (4) a filling valve.
Critical CO 2 One end of the gas-guide tube is connected with CO 2 The rest of the three-way valve on the gas injection hole is communicated with the critical CO 2 The other end of the air duct is communicated with an inflation hole in the center of the sealing cover cap; the electronic vacuum valve is arranged on the critical CO 2 On the air duct, the pressure gauge is used for monitoring the gas pressure in the main air chamber.
The vacuumizing device comprises a vacuum pump, a vacuum tube and a vacuum valve; one end of the vacuum tube is connected with the vacuum pump, the other end of the vacuum tube is communicated with the air inflation hole in the center of the sealing cover cap, and the vacuum valve is installed on the vacuum tube.
The heating device is a chemical heat release device, and the chemical heat release device comprises a magnesium powder tank, an ignition device and a magnesium powder tank connecting hole; the magnesium powder tank connecting hole is arranged on the main air chamber; the magnesium powder can fill magnesium powder into the main gas chamber through the connecting hole of the magnesium powder can, and the ignition device is arranged in the main gas chamber and is used for igniting the magnesium powder and liquid CO 2 。
The connection hole of the magnesium powder tank forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the central axis of the main air chamber.
The heating device is an electric heating device which comprises a heating rod positioned in the main air chamber.
The center of the front end of the bullet support is provided with a bullet support shaft, and the periphery of the bullet support shaft is enclosed with a plurality of bullet support petals; the periphery of the bullet support lamella and the bullet support is all overlapped and is equipped with the sealing washer.
The front end of the bullet support shaft is provided with a spherical bullet groove for placing bullets; the top of the inner side of the front end of each bullet support valve is provided with an arc-shaped bullet support groove for supporting the bullet.
The bullet holds in palm intercepting device includes mounting panel, double-end screw and intercepts board.
The mounting plate and the interception plate are arranged in parallel, and the outer edges of the mounting plate and the interception plate are connected through a plurality of double-headed screws; the back end face of the mounting plate is sleeved at the front end of the gun barrel, the center of the interception plate is provided with a projectile body through hole, and the diameter of the projectile body through hole is larger than that of the projectile body, but smaller than the outer diameter of the projectile support.
The collet includes support frame, main air chamber jacket, barrel presss from both sides cover and hydraulic support pole.
The main air chamber jacket is hinged on the top surface of the rear end of the support frame and used for fixing the main air chamber.
The gun barrel jacket is sleeved on the periphery of the gun barrel, the bottom end of the gun barrel jacket is hinged with the top end of the hydraulic support rod, and the bottom end of the hydraulic support rod is hinged on the support frame.
The main air chamber is also provided with a thermometer, and the thermometer can detect the temperature in the main air chamber.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. supercritical carbon dioxide refers to a state that carbon dioxide is at a temperature higher than a critical temperature (31.26 ℃) and at a pressure higher than a critical pressure (72.9 atm), and at the moment, a gas-liquid two-phase interface disappears, the density is close to liquid, the viscosity is close to gas, and the carbon dioxide has the properties of gas, can be easily compressed or expanded, has a larger density like liquid, but has a smaller viscosity than liquid, and has better fluidity and heat conduction performance. The invention can realize energy storage with higher power density by utilizing the phase state transition characteristic of carbon dioxide from liquid state to supercritical state. The invention adopts liquid carbon dioxide to heat to reach a supercritical state, can realize quick filling after one-time emission, realizes continuous emission and has short emission period. Because the supercritical state of the liquid carbon dioxide is adopted, the device is in a low-temperature environment, the carbon dioxide gas has a stable structure, does not chemically react with the material of the gun body, the gun body is hardly damaged by emission, and the gun body has a long service life.
2. The invention is provided with electric heating or magnesium powder and liquid CO 2 The combustion double heating device can be further used under the condition of power supply or no power supply. In particular, the scheme of the magnesium powder is not obviously powered, brings about the simplification of the structure and is suitable for the environments of field, maneuvering, battlefield operation and the like. The scheme can be used for ground boosting of missiles and rockets, so that fuel of the rockets is saved, flight time and flight range of the missiles and the rockets are prolonged, and damage to ground launching equipment can be reduced. If adjust this device size, just can be used to the boosting unmanned aerial vehicle, increase its initial velocity and save energy.
3. The invention skillfully discharges supercritical carbon dioxide into the gun barrel to push the bullet holder to launch. The space is saved and the carrying is more convenient by adopting a coaxial parallel structure between the launching tube and the main air chamber. Three emission modes, horizontal, oblique and vertical, can be simultaneously realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure of a supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the main air chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows an enlarged perspective view of the projectile release mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the projectile release mechanism of the present invention.
Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the barrel of the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of the bullet holder intercepting device of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of the bullet holder of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a sabot lobe according to the present invention; wherein, fig. 8 (a) shows a structural schematic view of a sealing groove in a sabot lobe; fig. 8 (b) shows a schematic structural view of the body support groove in the saucer flap.
Among them are:
10. a main air chamber; 11. a blast pipe hole; 12.CO 2 A gas injection hole; 121.CO 2 A gas storage tank; 13. a safety valve interface; 131. a safety valve; 14. a thermometer hole; 141. a temperature meter; 15. connecting holes of the magnesium powder tank; 16. a heating rod connection hole;
20. a gun barrel; 21. an air vent; 22. a rear external thread; 23. a front external thread; 24. a sealing cover; 25. an inflation hole;
30. carrying out cartridge support; 31. a cartridge supporting shaft; 32. a spherical projectile body groove; 33. a cartridge supporting petal; 34. a projectile support slot; 35. a sealing groove;
41. a vacuum pump; 42. a vacuum tube; 43. a vacuum valve;
50. a body of elastomer;
61. critical CO 2 A gas-guide tube; 62. an electronic vacuum valve; 63. a pressure gauge;
70. an electric heating device; 71. a heating rod;
80. a sabot interception device; 81. a interception plate; 82. a double-ended screw; 83. mounting a plate; 84. a projectile body through bore;
90. a bottom support; 91. a support frame; 92. a main air chamber jacket; 93. a gun barrel jacket; 94. a hydraulic support rod; 95. horizontally fixing a hoop on the gun barrel; 96. a universal wheel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, "first", "second", etc. do not represent an important degree of the component, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions used in the present example are only for illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the supercritical carbon dioxide cannon device comprises a main air chamber 10, a cannon barrel 20, a bullet holder 30, a bullet body 50, a vacuumizing device and CO 2 Gas storage tank 121, projectile body release mechanism and projectile holder interception mechanismDevice 80, heating device 70, and shoe 90.
As shown in fig. 4, the bullet holder is arranged in the inner cavity of the gun barrel in a sealing and sliding manner, and a bullet body is placed at the front end of the bullet holder. The structure of the bullet holder is shown in fig. 7, the bullet holder is preferably cylindrical, the center of the front end of the bullet holder is provided with a bullet holder shaft 31, and the front end of the bullet holder shaft is provided with a spherical bullet groove 32 for placing bullets.
The bullet holds in the palm preferably adopts the duroplasts material, can not only reduce like this with the friction of launching the gun barrel can also have better sealed effect.
A plurality of sabot lobes 33, preferably four lobes in this embodiment, are enclosed around the periphery of the sabot shaft. The periphery that the lamella was held in the palm to the bullet all is provided with seal groove 35, all overlaps in the seal groove to be equipped with the sealing washer.
The sealing ring on the periphery of the bullet holder enables the bullet holder to be connected with the inner wall of the gun barrel in a sealing and sliding mode, and therefore the true sealing degree of the inner cavity at the rear end of the bullet holder is guaranteed.
Above-mentioned bullet holds in palm setting of sealing washer on the lamella, can also be used for fixing the bullet and holds in the palm the lamella in playing sealed effect.
Each sabot has a structure as shown in fig. 8, and an arc-shaped projectile body supporting groove 34 is formed in the top of the inner side of the front end of each sabot and used for supporting a projectile body.
The spherical projectile body groove 32 and the projectile body supporting groove 34 are matched with each other, so that the effect of fixing the spherical projectile body is achieved, and the projectile body is prevented from falling off from the projectile holder in the launching tube. In addition, the projectile support petal design is adopted, the four petals of the projectile support petals can be separated after the projectile body is launched out of the gun barrel, and the projectile body is not limited by the projectile support any more, so that the interception plate cannot influence the movement of the projectile body when intercepting the projectile support, and the normal launching movement of the projectile body is ensured.
The structure of the barrel, as shown in fig. 5, the rear end of the barrel is preferably provided with a rear external thread 22, the front end of the barrel is preferably provided with a front external thread, and a plurality of air vents 21, preferably 6 air vents, are uniformly distributed on the barrel adjacent to the rear external thread along the circumferential direction. Each air-guide hole is preferably square. The benefits of this arrangement are: not only can ensure to satisfy gaseous flow, can also guarantee the intensity of structure, guarantee that the device can not suffer the damage because of the inflation is strikeed, realize repetitious reuse many times.
The rear external thread 22 at the rear end of the gun barrel is preferably in threaded connection with a sealing cover 24, and the inner cavity of the gun barrel between the sealing cover and the bullet holder is called as the inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel; the center of the sealing cover cap is provided with an inflation hole 25 communicated with the inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel.
And the front external thread at the front end of the gun barrel is preferably in threaded connection with a bullet support intercepting device, and the bullet support intercepting device is used for stopping the bullet support so that the bullet body and the bullet support are separated and then launched.
As shown in fig. 6, the magazine catch includes a mounting plate 83, a double-headed screw 82, and a catch plate 81.
The mounting plate and the interception plate are arranged in parallel, and the outer edges of the mounting plate and the interception plate are connected through a plurality of double-headed screws; the rear end face of the mounting plate is in threaded sleeve connection with the front external thread at the front end of the gun barrel, the center of the interception plate is provided with a projectile body through hole 84, and the diameter of the projectile body through hole is larger than the diameter of the projectile body but smaller than the outer diameter of the projectile support (namely slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the gun barrel).
Furthermore, a plurality of springs are installed on one side, facing the installation plate, of the interception plate and are used for damping the bullet support.
The main air chamber is coaxially sleeved on the gun barrel outside the air guide holes and can be communicated with each air guide hole.
Welding is preferably adopted between the main air chamber and the gun barrel so as to ensure that higher pressure and better sealing degree can be borne.
As shown in FIG. 2, the main air chamber includes a barrel hole 11, CO 2 A gas injection hole 12, a safety valve interface 13, a thermometer hole 14, a magnesium powder tank connecting hole 15 and a heating rod connecting hole 16.
The gun tube hole 11 is used for sleeving a gun tube.
CO 2 Two three-way valves connected in series are preferably disposed on the gas injection hole 12, which are a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve.
A first channel of the first three-way valve and CO 2 The gas injection holes are connected, a second channel of the first three-way valve is used for installing a pressure gauge 63, and the pressure gauge 63 can monitor the gas pressure in the main gas chamber; and a third channel of the first three-way valve is connected with a first channel of the second three-way valve.
The safety valve 131 is installed on the safety valve interface 13, and when the pressure in the main air chamber exceeds a threshold value, the pressure can be released through the safety valve, so that the safety of the main air chamber is ensured.
The thermometer hole 14 is used for installing a thermometer 141, which can monitor the temperature in the main air chamber.
CO 2 The gas storage tank can fill liquid CO into the main gas chamber 2 。
CO 2 The gas holder preferably passes CO 2 The gas injection pipe is communicated with a second channel phase of the three-way valve II; CO2 2 The gas injection pipe is provided with CO 2 And an injection valve 122.
The vacuumizing device can vacuumize the inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel. The evacuation device preferably includes a vacuum pump 41, a vacuum tube 42, and a vacuum valve 43.
And a third three-way valve is preferably arranged on the inflation hole in the center of the sealing cover cap, and a first channel of the third three-way valve is communicated with the inflation hole.
One end of the vacuum tube is connected with the vacuum pump, the other end of the vacuum tube is communicated with the channel two phase of the three-way valve III, and the vacuum valve is installed on the vacuum tube.
The projectile body releasing mechanism enables supercritical carbon dioxide in the main air chamber to enter an inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel through the inflation hole and the air guide hole respectively, and therefore the projectile support is pushed to launch forwards.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the projectile releasing mechanism includes a critical CO 2 A gas guide pipe 61, an electronic vacuum valve 62 and the pressure gauge.
Critical CO 2 One end of the gas guide pipe is communicated with the three phases of the channel of the three-way valve II to form critical CO 2 The other end of the air duct is communicated with a three-phase channel of the three-way valve III; the electronic vacuum valve is arranged on the critical CO 2 On the air duct.
The heating device can make liquid CO in the main gas chamber 2 The heating is performed to form supercritical carbon dioxide, and the heating device preferably adopts the following two embodiments.
1. The heating device is an electric heating device 70
The electrical heating means comprises a heating rod 71 located within the main air chamber.
The liquid carbon dioxide in the main gas chamber is heated in an electric heating mode to reach a supercritical state, so that the pressure in the storage chamber is rapidly increased, the pressure gauge is observed, and when the pressure reaches the required pressure, the electronic vacuum valve 62 can be opened, so that the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas in the main gas chamber rapidly pushes out the launching bullet holder and the bullet body through the launching pipeline.
The mode can more conveniently control the pressure and the temperature in the main air chamber, is safer, and can more accurately control the outlet speed of the flyer to be launched. This mode is suitable for use in a good environment with a power supply. The mode completely adopts the physical change of the liquid carbon dioxide to provide pressure, and the device is environment-friendly, and basically has no damage to the device because the adopted carbon dioxide gas has very stable chemical property, so that the device can be continuously recycled, and the service life is greatly prolonged.
2. The heating device is a chemical heat-releasing device
The chemical heat release device comprises a magnesium powder tank, an ignition device and the magnesium powder tank connecting hole 15; the magnesium powder tank connecting hole is arranged on the main air chamber and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the central axis of the main air chamber, so that liquid carbon dioxide in the main air chamber can be prevented from contacting magnesium powder in the magnesium powder tank in advance. In the invention, when the launching angle of the gun barrel is changed within 0-90 degrees, the magnesium powder tank is inclined by 45 degrees, so that the gun barrel can be kept to form an inclined angle of not less than 45 degrees with the horizontal plane no matter what launching angle is selected by the gun barrel, and the magnesium powder in the magnesium powder tank can completely enter the main air chamber to react with liquid carbon dioxide to release heat when needed.
Further, the heating rod connecting hole is preferably located at the lower half portion of the rear end of the main air chamber, so that it is ensured that the liquid carbon dioxide is in direct contact with the heating rod, thereby maximizing the heat transfer efficiency. Meanwhile, the sleeve structure concentric with the gun barrel is adopted, so that the length of the gun body can be reduced, the space is saved, and the transportation and the transfer are more convenient.
The magnesium powder can fill magnesium powder into the main gas chamber through the connecting hole of the magnesium powder can, and the ignition device is arranged in the main gas chamber and usedAfter ignition of magnesium powder and liquid CO 2 。
After the liquid carbon dioxide is completely added, the main air chamber is closed, and electric sparks are generated through the ignition device, so that the magnesium powder and the liquid carbon dioxide are subjected to chemical reaction to generate a large amount of heat. Thereby heating the remaining liquid carbon dioxide to vaporize it, increasing the pressure in the main gas chamber. When the required pressure threshold is reached, the electronic vacuum valve 62 is automatically opened, so that high-pressure carbon dioxide gas in the main gas chamber enters the gun barrel, and the bullet support and the bullet body to be launched are pushed to rapidly fly out. The mode does not need a good external environment, can be used under the condition of no power supply, and is simpler and more convenient. Meanwhile, the required preparation time is shorter than that of the former mode, and the preparation period of emission is shortened. And the magnesium powder is more portable and more suitable for being used in the field.
The base support is used for supporting a main air chamber and a gun barrel, and preferably comprises a support frame 91, a main air chamber jacket 92, a gun barrel jacket 93, a hydraulic support rod 94, a gun barrel horizontal fixing hoop 95 and a universal wheel 96.
The support 91 preferably comprises a triangular support and a trapezoidal platform at the top of the triangular support. Wherein, the big bottom edge of the trapezoid platform is arranged adjacent to the main air chamber. The triangular support frame preferably comprises three inclined legs and three connecting rods, and the three connecting rods are respectively used for connecting the bottoms of the three inclined legs. The bottom of each of the three inclined legs is preferably provided with a universal wheel, each universal wheel is provided with a plane area capable of being lifted, when the universal wheels need to be moved, the height of the plane areas is lifted, and the universal wheels are supported on the rubber wheels by gravity to be pushed and transferred. When the gun body needs to be launched, the plane area is lowered or the universal wheels are turned upwards, the gravity of the device acts on the plane area, and therefore friction between the device and the ground can be increased, the fixing effect is achieved, and meanwhile recoil of expansion work of the gun body can be relieved.
The main air chamber jacket is preferably hinged to the top surface of the rear end of the support frame through a hinge rotating device and used for fixing the main air chamber. The hinge rotating device is preferably provided with a rotating angle measuring device, such as an angle measuring dial plate and the like, and can realize the rotation and launching angle measurement of the gun body.
The gun barrel jacket is sleeved on the periphery of the gun barrel, the bottom end of the gun barrel jacket is hinged with the top end of the hydraulic support rod, and the bottom end of the hydraulic support rod is hinged on the support frame. The requirement of the launching angle between 0 and 90 degrees of the gun body can be met by the length extension of the hydraulic supporting rod.
The preferred card cover of dismantling of above-mentioned barrel horizontal fixation clamp 95 is at the barrel front end, when barrel horizontal installation, because the hydraulic support pole does not bear the weight of, so adopts barrel horizontal fixation clamp 95 to carry out the fixed of barrel position. When the shooting angle of the gun body is greater than 0 degree, that is, when the hydraulic support rod extends, the horizontal fixing hoop 95 of the gun barrel is disconnected from the gun barrel, and the gun barrel is supported and fixed by the hydraulic support rod.
A launching method of a supercritical carbon dioxide cannon comprises the following steps.
Step 1, adjusting the emission direction: according to the design requirement, the direction and the launching angle of the gun barrel are adjusted by adopting the bottom support.
Step 2, vacuumizing: open vacuum pump and vacuum valve, main air chamber and barrel rear end inner chamber are by the evacuation, and the bullet that places the projectile body holds in the palm under the effect of external atmospheric pressure, removes to the barrel rear end to a plurality of air guide hole with the barrel rear end seals.
Step 3, pressing in liquid CO 2 : the vacuum valve is closed and CO is opened 2 Injection valve, CO 2 CO is passed through by the gas storage tank 2 The gas injection hole injects liquid CO into the main gas chamber 2 Until the main air chamber reaches the set pressure.
Step 4, CO 2 Heating to a supercritical state: starting the heating device to heat the liquid CO in the main gas chamber 2 So that it reaches the supercritical state.
Step 5, opening the air guide hole: opening the electronic vacuum valve, and allowing supercritical CO2 in the main gas chamber to pass through 2 The air duct enters an inflation hole in the center of the sealing cover cap, and then pushes the bullet holder with the bullet bodies to move forwards, and a plurality of air guide holes in the rear end of the gun barrel are opened.
Step 6, projectile body launching: supercritical CO in the main gas chamber while the gas guide hole is opened in step 5 2 The gas enters the inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel through a plurality of gas guide holes, and the gas and supercritical CO2 entering from the gas filling hole jointly assist in propelling the bullet holder with the bullet body to launch.
And 7, separating the projectile body from the projectile holder, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 7A, separation of the missile support petals: after the sabot with the projectiles is moved and leaves the barrel, the sabot petals separate and the projectiles are no longer laterally limited by the projectile support slots in the sabot petals.
And 7B, separating the bullet holder from the bullet body, wherein when the bullet holder with the bullet body is continuously moved forwards to the interception plate of the bullet holder intercepting device, the diameter of the through hole of the bullet body in the interception plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the bullet holder but larger than the diameter of the bullet body, so that the bullet body can pass through the through hole of the bullet body, the bullet holder is intercepted and dropped, and the bullet body is separated from the bullet holder to realize independent emission.
The supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun accelerating device can be applied to the following technical fields.
1) The speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon accelerating device can reach thousands of meters per second at most. Typical applications include military or civil field requirements such as space debris collision, space kinetic energy damage, kinetic energy interception, airplane and bird collision/crash (black box impact resistance), impact protection and the like.
2) The fire-fighting bomb is suitable for occasions such as earthquake relief, emergency rescue, fire scene extinguishment and the like, such as boosting and launching fire-fighting bombs. The above occasions often need launching equipment with long operating distance, high safety and stability and good portability, but the traditional artillery has large destructiveness, high danger and low maneuverability, needs strict military use qualification and is not suitable for emergency rescue.
3) Gun-launched small unmanned aerial vehicle and cluster. The method is used for military target emergency maneuvering investigation, bee colony tactics and the like, and can also be used for civil use such as fire and the like.
In military affairs, the device can be used for tactics and battle single-soldier emergency maneuvering investigation and launching, and can meet the requirements of forming bee colony launching capacity (similar to a multi-rocket launcher) by adopting array launching arrangement, and can also be used for civil unmanned aerial vehicle launching requirements, such as fire conditions.
According to the demand difference of the specific aerodynamic shape, the volume, the flying speed, the overload and the like of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the gun-launched folding wing unmanned aerial vehicle, the gun-launched folding unmanned aerial vehicle can launch medium and large fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles and the like.
And for the medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicle with folding wings, which is not convenient for individual soldiers to carry, the medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicle can still be launched by adopting a CO2 phase-change cold launching technology. The cylindrical unmanned aerial vehicle with the diameter smaller than 120mm and the length of 600mm after being folded is taken as an example for calculating the launching capacity, and the launching requirement can be met under the constraint that the overload is 30kg, 45m/s and not more than 25 g.
For medium and large-sized fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles, a vehicle-mounted ejection system can be constructed for launching.
4) The device can partially replace a cold launching mode (mainly ejection of compressed air, gas or a gas-steam mixture) in the military field to launch solid missiles, liquid missiles and the like, can reduce the infrared characteristic at the initial launching stage, is favorable for hiding a launching device, can simplify the launching position, improves the effective launching range of the missiles, and reduces the problems of impact, ablation and the like of launching equipment.
5) The device can be used for ground boosting of rocket emergency quick launching, and after verification, the device can realize ground boosting of a CZ-11 small carrier rocket after the device is amplified in proportion, so that the speed of the CZ-11 when the CZ-11 reaches a muzzle can reach 46.944m/s, and the requirement of rocket cold launching is met.
6) Compared with a gas cold launching technology, the method has the advantages of simple device, high operation safety, no damage to the launching tube, weak infrared characteristic, low cost, environmental protection and the like, and can bring considerable fighting power and economic effect promotion.
Compared with the traditional tower launching, the launching mode has no damage to the tower, and after the boosting reaches the ignition speed of 47.42m/s, 0.398t of propellant is saved, and the LEO effective load can be improved by 8.0kg.
TABLE 1 basic requirements for emission
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications can be made within the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon device is characterized in that: comprises a main air chamber, a gun barrel, a bullet holder, a bullet body, a vacuum extractor and CO 2 The device comprises an air storage tank, an elastomer releasing mechanism, an elastomer blocking device, a heating device and a bottom support;
the projectile holder is hermetically and slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the gun barrel, and the projectile body is placed at the front end of the projectile holder;
the rear end of the gun barrel is sleeved with a sealing cover, and the inner cavity of the gun barrel between the sealing cover and the bullet holder is called as the inner cavity of the rear end of the gun barrel; the center of the sealing cover cap is provided with an inflation hole communicated with the inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel;
the bullet support intercepting device is arranged at the front end of the gun barrel and used for intercepting the bullet support so that the bullet body and the bullet support can be separated and then launched;
a plurality of air guide holes are uniformly distributed on one side of the gun barrel facing the sealing cover along the circumferential direction;
the main air chamber is coaxially sleeved on the gun barrel outside the air guide holes and can be communicated with each air guide hole;
CO 2 the gas storage tank can fill liquid CO into the main gas chamber 2 ；
The vacuumizing device can vacuumize the inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel;
the heating device can make liquid CO in the main gas chamber 2 Heating to form supercritical carbon dioxide;
the projectile body release mechanism enables supercritical carbon dioxide in the main air chamber to enter an inner cavity at the rear end of the gun barrel through the inflation hole and the air guide hole respectively, so that the projectile support is pushed to launch forwards;
the bottom support is used for supporting the main air chamber and the gun barrel.
2. The supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cannon apparatus is configured to be operated in a supercritical carbon dioxide gas: projectile releasing mechanism including critical CO 2 The air guide pipe, the electronic vacuum valve and the pressure gauge are arranged;
the main gas chamber is provided with CO 2 Gas injection hole, CO 2 A three-way valve is arranged on the gas injection hole;
CO 2 CO is passed through by the gas storage tank 2 Gas injection pipe and CO 2 One channel of the three-way valve on the gas injection hole is communicated; CO2 2 The gas injection pipe is provided with CO 2 An injection valve;
critical CO 2 One end of the gas-guide tube is connected with CO 2 The rest channel of the three-way valve on the gas injection hole is communicated with critical CO 2 The other end of the air duct is communicated with an air charging hole in the center of the sealing cover cap; the electronic vacuum valve is arranged on the critical CO 2 On the air duct, the manometer is used for monitoring the gas pressure in the main plenum.
3. The supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the vacuumizing device comprises a vacuum pump, a vacuum tube and a vacuum valve; one end of the vacuum tube is connected with the vacuum pump, the other end of the vacuum tube is communicated with the air inflation hole in the center of the sealing cover cap, and the vacuum valve is installed on the vacuum tube.
4. The supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the heating device is a chemical heat release device, and the chemical heat release device comprises a magnesium powder tank, an ignition device and a magnesium powder tank connecting hole; the magnesium powder tank connecting hole is arranged on the main air chamber; the magnesium powder can fill magnesium powder into the main gas chamber through the connecting hole of the magnesium powder can, and the ignition device is arranged in the main gas chamber and is used for igniting the magnesium powder and liquid CO 2 。
5. The supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the connection hole of the magnesium powder tank forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the central axis of the main air chamber.
6. The supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the heating device is an electric heating device which comprises a heating rod positioned in the main air chamber.
7. The supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the center of the front end of the bullet support is provided with a bullet support shaft, and the periphery of the bullet support shaft is enclosed with a plurality of bullet support petals; sealing rings are sleeved on the peripheries of the cartridge support valve and the cartridge support;
the front end of the bullet support shaft is provided with a spherical bullet body groove for placing a bullet body; the top of the inner side of the front end of each bullet support valve is provided with an arc-shaped bullet support groove for supporting a bullet.
8. The supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the bullet support intercepting device comprises a mounting plate, a double-end screw and an intercepting plate;
the mounting plate and the interception plate are arranged in parallel, and the outer edges of the mounting plate and the interception plate are connected through a plurality of double-headed screws; the back end face of the mounting plate is sleeved at the front end of the gun barrel, the center of the interception plate is provided with a projectile body through hole, and the diameter of the projectile body through hole is larger than that of the projectile body, but smaller than the outer diameter of the projectile support.
9. The supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the bottom support comprises a support frame, a main air chamber jacket, a gun barrel jacket and a hydraulic support rod;
the main air chamber jacket is hinged on the top surface of the rear end of the support frame and used for fixing the main air chamber;
the gun barrel jacket is sleeved on the periphery of the gun barrel, the bottom end of the gun barrel jacket is hinged with the top end of the hydraulic support rod, and the bottom end of the hydraulic support rod is hinged on the support frame.
10. The supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the main air chamber is also provided with a thermometer, and the thermometer can detect the temperature in the main air chamber.
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| CN202111129414.0A CN113883958B (en) | 2021-09-26 | 2021-09-26 | Supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun device |
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| GB552055A (en) * | 1941-09-15 | 1943-03-22 | Kidde Walter Co Ltd | Improvements relating to mortars and similar ordnance |
| AUPR865901A0 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2002-01-24 | Poly Systems Pty Ltd | Projectile firing device |
| US8056462B1 (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2011-11-15 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Sequential injection gas guns for accelerating projectiles |
| FR2956201A1 (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-12 | Marwan Dannawi | Light projectile i.e. less lethal weapon, launching device for use in installation utilized to test shocks in projectile, has gas reservoir equipped with rear end of gun by channel with valve associated with control unit |
| US10119780B1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-11-06 | David Wayne Bergeron | Light gas gun projectile |
| CN109059643B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-06-16 | 西北工业大学 | Negative pressure launching mechanism of air cannon |
| CN111256531B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2022-04-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Gun body structure of supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun |
| CN111288842A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-16 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun |
| CN112710192B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-12-20 | 北京博联马赫科技有限公司 | Novel high-pressure releasing device for gas gun launching |
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