CN113882449B - High-efficiency high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method - Google Patents
High-efficiency high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113882449B CN113882449B CN202111155376.6A CN202111155376A CN113882449B CN 113882449 B CN113882449 B CN 113882449B CN 202111155376 A CN202111155376 A CN 202111155376A CN 113882449 B CN113882449 B CN 113882449B
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- foundation bed
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/28—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/8833—Floating installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
- E02F3/905—Manipulating or supporting suction pipes or ladders; Mechanical supports or floaters therefor; pipe joints for suction pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
- E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
- E02F3/9256—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
- E02F7/10—Pipelines for conveying excavated materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
- E02D29/073—Tunnels or shuttering therefor assembled from sections individually sunk onto, or laid on, the water-bed, e.g. in a preformed trench
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-efficiency high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method, which comprises the following steps of: s1, driving a floating platform to move to a region to be cleaned; s2, starting a dredging pipe and a mud discharging pipe to work; s3, driving the floating platform to move to the next area to be cleaned after the dredging work of the area to be cleaned in the S1 step is completed; s4, pumping the sludge at the bottom of the foundation bed into the bottom opening barge for storage; s5, transporting the open-bottom barge to a design position for throwing after the open-bottom barge to be transferred and stored is full. The invention realizes the purposes of lower cost, simpler operation, high efficiency and high precision, solves the problems of high dredging cost, low efficiency and poor precision of the existing underwater foundation bed, has small requirement on the number of operators and is more convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater engineering construction, in particular to a high-efficiency high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method.
Background
The immersed tube method, which has been a construction method for constructing tunnels under water for 110 years so far, mainly floats prefabricated immersed tube joints to designated areas respectively, and then sinks them one by one into a dredged foundation bed. The existing method for treating the immersed tube foundation bed mainly comprises a pre-paving method and a post-filling method, wherein the post-filling method has the risk of floating a tube joint in immersed tube construction, so that the method is generally used for immersed tube tunnel engineering with shallower water depth and smaller scale. The pre-paving method has the advantages of high construction efficiency, small post-construction sedimentation and the like, so that the method is suitable for open sea deep water and large-scale immersed tube tunnel engineering. However, the technical problem faced before the bed is treated by the pre-paving method is how to effectively remove the sludge in the bed.
At present, three methods for dredging a foundation bed at home and abroad mainly exist, the first method is a 'continuous dredging method of a drag suction dredger', namely, dredging is achieved by sucking dredged sludge of a dredger head into a sludge cabin through a centrifugal dredger pump. However, this method has a great damage to the foundation bed and may damage the laid foundation bed directly. The second method is a 'grab dredger sludge removal method', namely, a grab is adopted to directly grab underwater sludge, but due to factors of poor closure of the grab, higher water content in a sludge-water mixture and the like, a certain amount of sludge leaks out from the grab, so that the sludge removal effect is poor. The third method is a method widely adopted at present: the air compressor mud pumping method is to utilize an air compressor to press air into a gas lift pump, and the gas-liquid mixture in a pump pipe can flow upwards along a pipeline rapidly under the action of the water pressure outside the pipe and drive soil near the pipe orifice of the pump pipe to be discharged along with water flow. The method has lower cost and better dredging effect, but the gas lift pump generally needs to be assisted by a crane during operation, so that the dredging efficiency is lower, and the dredging precision is difficult to control. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a high-efficiency and high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method for the above problems.
Chinese patent document CN 105696625A describes a dredging system and method for a immersed tube tunnel crushed stone foundation bed, which is to dredge the foundation bed on the premise that the foundation bed is laid, but is not applicable to the dredging of the foundation bed before the foundation bed is laid, and does not describe how to complete the foundation bed dredging work in a natural state, and therefore, there is a limitation in use, and improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method, which achieves the purposes of lower cost, simpler operation, high efficiency and high precision and solves the problems of high dredging cost, low efficiency and poor precision of the existing underwater foundation bed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an efficient high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method comprises the following steps:
s1, driving a floating platform to move to a region to be cleaned;
s2, starting a dredging pipe and a mud discharging pipe to work;
s3, driving the floating platform to move to the next area to be cleaned after the dredging work of the area to be cleaned in the S1 step is completed;
s4, pumping the sludge at the bottom of the foundation bed into the bottom opening barge for storage;
s5, transporting the open-bottom barge to a design position for throwing after the open-bottom barge to be transferred and stored is full.
In a preferred embodiment, the step S1 includes the following steps:
a1, installing a plurality of anchor piles in a water area outside a region to be cleaned, and fixing mooring winches at four corners of a floating platform on the anchor piles through steel cables;
a2, a first operator ascends to a first operation platform area on the floating platform and starts a generator;
a3, a first manipulator moves the floating platform to the position above the foundation bed of the area to be cleaned through a positioning system and a mooring winch arranged on the first operation platform;
a4, a second operator ascends a second operation platform area on the walking trolley, and the first operator starts an air compressor arranged on the first operation platform;
a5, operating the longitudinally moving winch by a first operator to enable the travelling trolley to move to a designated cleaning area along a first track;
and A6, after dredging the five specified areas, the floating platform is not moved, and the longitudinal moving winch is operated by the first manipulator continuously, so that the travelling trolley moves to the next specified cleaning area along the first track.
In a preferred embodiment, the A5 includes the following steps:
b1, operating an electric hoist by a second operating arm, and controlling a dredging pipe to carry out dredging work along the transverse direction and the vertical direction;
b2, observing the state of water from the sludge discharge pipe in the process of pumping out the sludge.
In a preferred embodiment, the step B2 further includes the following steps:
b21, if water gushed from the mud pipe is muddy water, dredging is continuously carried out according to the step B;
and B22, if the water gushed from the sludge discharge pipe is clear water, dredging the area is finished, and closing the dredging pipe and the sludge discharge pipe.
In a preferred scheme, A5-A6 are repeated and circulated until all the specified dredging areas covered by the floating platform are completed.
In a preferred scheme, the steps S1-S3 are repeated and circulated until dredging of the whole underwater foundation bed is completed.
In a preferred embodiment, the step B22 further includes the steps of:
the method comprises the steps that C1, a first manipulator closes an air compressor and confirms the state;
and C2, operating the electric hoist by a second operating hand, lifting the dredging pipe to a certain height, and then closing the dredging pipe.
In a preferred scheme, the step S1 is preceded by a preparation step, wherein the positioning system is used for mapping the area to be dredged, and planning the S1-S3 circulation paths.
In the preferred scheme, after the step S3 is completed, the first manipulator moves the floating platform to the position above the foundation bed of the next area to be cleaned through a positioning system and a mooring winch arranged on the first operation platform and calibration of coordinate parameters, and meanwhile, the state of the floating platform is finely adjusted to ensure the accuracy of the moving direction of the floating platform.
In a preferred embodiment, the A1 further includes a base station beacon for establishing a fixed point location on the shore.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. accurate positioning of the dredging platform is achieved through the positioning system and the mooring winch. Through the track with the scale, the plane position and the elevation of dredging operation are accurately controlled, and the dredging precision is greatly improved.
2. By controlling the longitudinal, transverse and vertical movements of two or more dredging pipes, the dredging range is large and the dredging efficiency is obviously improved after the dredging platform resides once.
3. Through setting up reasonable route, reduced the work load for dredging process is simple and convenient, and required operating personnel quantity is less, and the cost of labor reduces.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the invention in operation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the invention in operation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic left-hand view of the invention in operation;
fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at a of fig. 3.
In the figure: a floating platform 1; a first track 101; a walking path 102; a first operation platform 103; moon pool 104; longitudinally moving the winch 2; a mooring winch 3; an air compressor 4; a generator 5; a travelling trolley 6; a second operating platform 601; a second track 602; an electric hoist 7; a dredging pipe 8; a sludge discharge pipe 9; buoy 10; a bottom opening barge 11; anchor piles 12; a first manipulator 13; a second manipulator 14; a dredging head 15; an air collection chamber 1501; an air manifold 1502; suction manifold 1503.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, a high-efficiency high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method comprises the following steps:
s1, driving the floating platform 1 to move to a region to be cleaned;
s2, opening a dredging pipe 8 and a mud discharging pipe 9 to work;
s3, driving the floating platform 1 to move to the next area to be cleaned after the dredging work of the area to be cleaned in the S1 step is completed;
s4, pumping the sludge at the bottom of the foundation bed into the bottom opening barge 11 for storage;
s5, transporting the bottom opening barge 11 to be transferred and stored to a design position for throwing after being filled. From this structure to can carry out dredging work to the waters of building the within range through the position of adjustment floating platform 1, arrange a plurality of buoys 10 on mud pipe 9 and can guarantee the state stability of mud pipe 9 with the help of buoyancy, and can observe the discharge state in the mud pipe 9, transport silt to other positions through opening end barge 11, overall efficiency is high.
In a preferred embodiment, the step S1 includes the following steps:
a1, installing a plurality of anchor piles 12 in a water area outside a region to be cleaned, and fixing mooring winches 3 at four corners of a floating platform 1 on the anchor piles 12 through steel cables; the structure is used for stably moving the floating platform 1 according to a certain cleaning path, stably moving, enabling the mooring winch 3 to run fast and have high rigidity, and guaranteeing that the floating platform 1 can bear the invasion of certain stormy waves on the water surface.
A2, a first manipulator 13 ascends to a first operation platform 103 area on the floating platform 1, and the generator 5 is started;
a3, a first manipulator 13 moves the floating platform 1 to the position above a foundation bed of the area to be cleaned through a positioning system and a mooring winch 3 arranged on a first operation platform 103; the positioning system adopts a handheld RTK-GPS positioning system, adopts twice measurement to obtain an average value, records the coordinate value, and enables an operator to perform position transformation through the walking channel 102 during primary positioning, thereby adjusting the position of a received signal, ensuring the stability of the received signal, adopting the positioning point as a datum point during multiple positioning, and adopting the point as a receiving point of the signal during subsequent positioning.
A4, the second manipulator 14 climbs on a second operation platform 601 area on the walking trolley 6, and the first manipulator 13 starts an air compressor 4 arranged on the first operation platform 103; the air compressor 4 provides sufficient air for the dredging head 15 to ensure that the sludge enters the dredging pipe 8 under the action of the pressure difference.
A5, a first manipulator 13 operates the longitudinal moving winch 2 to enable the travelling trolley 6 to move to a designated cleaning area along the first track 101; and dredging is performed within the moon pool 104 range of the floating platform 1 according to a set path, so that a better dredging effect is ensured.
After dredging of the designated areas A6 and A5 is completed, the floating platform 1 is not moved, and the longitudinal moving winch 2 is continuously operated through the first manipulator 13, so that the travelling trolley 6 moves to the next designated cleaning area along the first track 101.
By the structure, on the premise that the floating platform 1 is not moved, the range covered by the floating platform 1 is dredged, so that the sludge in the area is ensured to be cleared, and the integral dredging efficiency is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the A5 includes the following steps:
b1, a second manipulator 14 operates the electric hoist 7 to control the dredging pipe 8 to carry out dredging work along the transverse direction and the vertical direction;
b2, observing the state of water from the sludge discharge pipe 9 during the sludge extraction process. Therefore, the whole dredging can be carried out on the area within the range of the moon pool 104, the electric hoist 7 is adjusted on the second track 602, the whole stress is ensured to be stable, and the state of the dredging pipe 8 can be adjusted by observing the state of the sludge discharge pipe 9.
In a preferred embodiment, the step B2 further includes the following steps:
b21, if the water gushed from the mud pipe 9 is muddy water, dredging is continuously carried out according to the step B1;
and B22, if the water gushed from the sludge discharge pipe 9 is clear water, dredging the area is finished, and closing the dredging pipe 8 and the sludge discharge pipe 9. From this structure to make can judge whether need continue the desilting according to the state of the interior muddy water of mud pipe 9 fast, thereby guaranteed the convenience when desilting, guaranteed the efficiency of desilting simultaneously.
In a preferred embodiment, A5-A6 are repeated and cycled until all of the designated dredging areas covered by floating platform 1 are completed. With this structure, the dredging work within the moon pool 104 can be orderly completed.
In a preferred scheme, the steps S1-S3 are repeated and circulated until dredging of the whole underwater foundation bed is completed.
In a preferred embodiment, the step B22 further includes the steps of:
c1, the first manipulator 13 closes the air compressor 4 and confirms the state;
and C2, operating the electric hoist 7 by a second operator 14, lifting the dredging pipe 8 to a certain height, and then closing the dredging pipe 8. By this structure to after the desilting is accomplished, after the air compressor machine 4 is closed, owing to there is also pressure differential in the desilting head 15, consequently take out mud and stop, it is easier to utilize electric block 7 to promote desilting pipe 8 this moment, otherwise because there is the muddy water of taking out and arranging in the desilting pipe 8 can produce the disturbance, causes holistic unbalance.
In a preferred scheme, the step S1 is preceded by a preparation step, wherein the positioning system is used for mapping the area to be dredged, and planning the S1-S3 circulation paths. By the structure, the dredging efficiency is improved, layout and decision are firstly carried out according to data, and the defect of low dredging efficiency or omission of dredging areas is avoided.
In the preferred solution, after S3 is completed, the first manipulator 13 moves the floating platform 1 to above the foundation bed of the next area to be cleaned through the positioning system and the mooring winch 3 arranged on the first operating platform 103 and calibrating the coordinate parameters, and fine-adjusts the state of the floating platform 1 to ensure the accuracy of the moving direction of the floating platform 1. By the structure, the distance difference after each movement and fixation of the floating platform 1 is in an error range, the complete coverage of dredging is ensured, and long dredging time and low efficiency caused by overlarge overlapping of dredging areas are avoided.
In a preferred embodiment, the A1 further includes a base station beacon for establishing a fixed point location on the shore. By the structure, stable coordinate values can be obtained, the accuracy of movement of the floating platform 1 is guaranteed, the difference value between the coordinate values and theoretical data is guaranteed to be within 10cm in the dredging process, and therefore dredging is completed with high precision and high efficiency.
Working principle:
the factory-installed foundation bed dredging device comprises a floating platform 1, a longitudinal moving winch 2, an electric hoist 7, an air compressor 4, a generator 5, a mooring winch 3, a travelling trolley 6, a dredging pipe 8, a mud discharging pipe 9 and a buoy 10. The floating platform 1 is formed by welding steel pipes, is used as a water dredging platform carrying the whole set of dredging equipment, a first track 101, a travelling channel 102 and an operation platform 103 are arranged on the floating platform 1, the first track 101 is fixed on the upper portion of the longitudinal steel pipes, the travelling channel 102 is welded on the side face of the longitudinal steel pipes, operators can longitudinally travel along the floating platform, and the operation platform 103 is arranged on the end portion of the floating platform 1 and the travelling trolley 6 and is used for operating the longitudinally moving winch 2, the air compressor 4, the generator 5, the mooring winch 3 and the electric hoist 7. The vertical moving winch 2, the air compressor 4, the generator 5 and the mooring winch 3 are all arranged on the operation platform 103, the vertical moving winch 2 can pull the travelling trolley 6 to longitudinally move along the first track 101, the air compressor 4 can provide high-pressure gas for the dredging pipe 8, the generator 5 provides power for the whole dredging device, the mooring winch 3 plays a role in positioning and fixing the dredging platform, the electric hoist 7 is arranged on the second track 602 at the top of the travelling trolley 6, the electric hoist can transversely move back and forth along the second track 602, the dredging pipe 8 is a steel pipe, the electric hoist 7 is hung below through a steel wire rope and lifting lugs, the dredging pipe 8 can move on the travelling trolley 6 along the axial direction of the second track 602, a driving device is arranged on the dredging pipe 8, the driving device is in sliding connection with the travelling trolley 6, the dredging pipe 9 is formed by rubber processing, one end of the dredging pipe 9 is connected with a dredging pipe 8 through a flange plate, the other end of the dredging pipe is placed in the bottom opening 11 and used for storing discharged sludge, and the electric hoist 10 is fixed on the dredging pipe 9 through bolts, so that the dredging pipe 9 can be on a water surface. The detachable dredging head 15 that is connected with in dredging pipe 8 bottom, dredging head 15 adopts the row's structure, and the theory of operation of dredging head 15 is that compressed air that the air compressor machine produced gets into air chamber 1501 through the air connector, and gas distributes through air chamber 1501 and gets into each air branch pipe 1502, gets into corresponding suction manifold 1503 by air branch pipe 1502 again, and the great amount of gas that get into makes suction manifold inner liquid column density reduce, and pressure reduction, the inside and outside pressure differential that produces of suction manifold 1503 to make water carry silt get into suction manifold 1503. The mud water is collected by the collecting cavity and enters the dredging pipe 8, and finally is conveyed to a mud discharging pipeline.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims, including the equivalents of the technical features in the claims. I.e., equivalent replacement modifications within the scope of this invention are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high-efficiency high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, driving a floating platform (1) to move to a region to be cleaned;
s2, opening a dredging pipe (8) and a mud discharging pipe (9) to work;
s3, driving the floating platform (1) to move to the next region to be cleaned after the dredging work of the region to be cleaned in the step S1 is completed;
s4, pumping the sludge at the bottom of the foundation bed into a bottom opening barge (11) for storage;
s5, transporting the bottom opening barge (11) to be transferred and stored to a design position for delivery after being filled;
the step S1 comprises the following steps:
a1, installing a plurality of anchor piles (12) in a water area outside a region to be cleaned, and fixing mooring winches (3) at four corners of a floating platform (1) on the anchor piles (12) through steel cables;
a2, a first manipulator (13) ascends to a first operation platform (103) area on the floating platform (1) and starts a generator (5);
a3, a first manipulator (13) moves the floating platform (1) to the position above a foundation bed of the area to be cleaned through a positioning system and a mooring winch (3) arranged on the first operation platform (103);
a4, a second manipulator (14) climbs on a second operation platform (601) area on the walking trolley (6), and the first manipulator (13) starts an air compressor (4) arranged on the first operation platform (103);
a5, a first manipulator (13) operates the longitudinally moving winch (2) to enable the travelling trolley (6) to move to a designated cleaning area along the first track (101);
a6, after dredging of the five specified areas A, the floating platform (1) is not moved, and the longitudinal moving winch (2) is continuously operated by the first manipulator (13) to enable the travelling trolley (6) to move to the next specified cleaning area along the first track (101);
the A5 comprises the following steps:
b1, a second manipulator (14) operates the electric hoist (7) to control the dredging pipe (8) to carry out dredging work along the transverse direction and the vertical direction;
b2, observing the state of water from a sludge discharge pipe (9) in the process of extracting sludge;
the step B2 further comprises the following steps:
b21, if water gushed from the mud discharging pipe (9) is muddy water, dredging is continuously carried out according to the step B;
b22, if water gushed from the mud discharging pipe (9) is clear water, dredging in the area is finished, and the dredging pipe (8) and the mud discharging pipe (9) are closed;
the step B22 further comprises the steps of:
c1, a first manipulator (13) closes the air compressor (4) and confirms the state;
c2, a second manipulator (14) operates the electric hoist (7) to lift the dredging pipe (8) to a certain height, and then the dredging pipe (8) is closed;
the step S1 is preceded by a preparation step, wherein the positioning system is used for mapping the area to be dredging, and planning of S1-S3 circulation paths is carried out;
after the step S3 is completed, a first manipulator (13) carries out coordinate parameter calibration through a positioning system and a mooring winch (3) arranged on a first operation platform (103), the floating platform (1) is moved to the position above a foundation bed of a next area to be cleaned, and meanwhile, the state of the floating platform (1) is finely adjusted to ensure the accuracy of the moving direction of the floating platform (1);
the A1 further comprises a base station beacon for establishing a fixed point location on the shore;
the utility model discloses a dredging device, including dredging pipe (8), dredging pipe, air compressor, air collecting cavity (1501), air inlet branch pipe (1502), dredging pipe (8), dredging head (15) are connected with detachable bottom, dredging head (15) adopts allies oneself with row's structure, the theory of operation of dredging head (15) is that compressed air that the air compressor machine produced gets into air collecting cavity (1501) through air joint, air gets into each air branch pipe (1502) through air branch pipe (1502) again, get into corresponding suction dredge branch pipe (1503) by air branch pipe (1502), a large amount of gas of getting into make suction dredge branch pipe interior liquid column density reduce, pressure reduction, suction dredge branch pipe (1503) inside and outside produce pressure differential to make water carry silt entering suction dredge branch pipe (1503).
2. The efficient high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: repeating the steps A5-A6 and circulating until all the designated dredging areas covered by the floating platform (1) are completed.
3. The efficient high-precision underwater foundation bed dredging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: repeating the steps S1-S3 and circulating until the dredging of the whole underwater foundation bed is completed.
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