CN112376641A - Reservoir deep water sediment cleaning method - Google Patents
Reservoir deep water sediment cleaning method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112376641A CN112376641A CN202011094040.9A CN202011094040A CN112376641A CN 112376641 A CN112376641 A CN 112376641A CN 202011094040 A CN202011094040 A CN 202011094040A CN 112376641 A CN112376641 A CN 112376641A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- dredging
- negative pressure
- reservoir
- excavation
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/28—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways
- E02F5/282—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways with rotating cutting or digging tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/8816—Mobile land installations
- E02F3/8825—Mobile land installations wherein at least a part of the soil-shifting equipment is mounted on a dipper-arm, backhoes or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
- E02F3/905—Manipulating or supporting suction pipes or ladders; Mechanical supports or floaters therefor; pipe joints for suction pipes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
- E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
- E02F3/9256—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head
- E02F3/9268—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head with rotating cutting elements
Abstract
The invention provides a method for cleaning deep water sediments of a reservoir, which comprises the following steps: s1: detecting an underwater topography, determining a dredging range according to the condition of reservoir sediments, and dividing excavation partitions; s2: the assembled water surface operation platform and the negative pressure silt pumping device reach a working position, and the negative pressure silt pumping device carries out desilting operation to carry out strip excavation; conveying the sludge extracted by the negative pressure sludge extraction device into a sludge collection cage of a sludge conveying barge; the slag transporting barge is moved to the shore, the slag collecting cage is hoisted to the shore, the sludge is loaded into the automobile, and the automobile transports the sludge to a specified stacking place; s3: replacing the excavation subareas, and repeating the step S2; s4: and (4) finishing all excavation partition dredging operations, detecting the underwater environment again, and performing dredging operation again when necessary. The invention is suitable for cleaning various silts of various reservoirs, has simple and quick operation and high dredging efficiency, and does not influence the normal power generation of the hydropower station, the operation of the sand discharge hole and flood discharge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dredging, and particularly relates to a method for cleaning deep water sediments of a reservoir.
Background
With the entrance of the hydropower engineering industry into the 'later hydropower era', the problems of reduced water supply capacity and impaired power generation caused by reservoir sedimentation and tail water river sedimentation gradually appear. According to estimation, the storage capacity lost due to siltation in China is up to 200 hundred million m3, with the advance of national ecological construction, restricted exploitation is carried out on riverways and mines, the building and pollution control requirements in the field of infrastructure (urbanization, traffic and water conservancy) are increasing day by day, and the sand-stone ratio in reservoir siltation is high, so that the reservoir siltation is a resource capable of being exploited, and the opportunity for potential excavation and reconstruction of hydropower stations and urban and rural water supply reservoirs is included. The research and the application of the reservoir sediment cleaning construction technology can solve the problems of reservoir flood control application and water supply safety, have obvious economic and social benefits, and have considerable power generation benefit through dredging for a reservoir with a power generation function.
As most reservoirs have no navigation conditions, large-scale dredger transportation is difficult; the thickness of the cleaning slag layer is not uniform, the content of large particle size is high, the bottom plate is of a concrete structure, and mechanical dredger such as a grab bucket is not suitable; meanwhile, the requirement on the equipment for adapting to the water depth change is high due to the large water depth change; because the velocity of flow is big, the fixed degree of difficulty of equipment location is big, and is big to equipment excavation efficiency of construction influence.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for cleaning deep water sediments of a reservoir, which aims at solving the technical problems in the prior art, is suitable for cleaning various sediments of various reservoirs, is simple and quick to operate, has high dredging efficiency, and does not influence normal power generation, sand discharge hole operation and flood discharge of a hydropower station.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for cleaning deep water sludge of a reservoir comprises the following steps:
s1: detecting an underwater topography, determining a dredging range according to the condition of reservoir sediments, and dividing excavation partitions;
s2: the assembled water surface operation platform and the negative pressure silt pumping device reach a working position, and the negative pressure silt pumping device carries out desilting operation to carry out strip excavation; conveying the sludge extracted by the negative pressure sludge extraction device into a sludge collection cage of a sludge conveying barge; the slag transporting barge is moved to the shore, the slag collecting cage is hoisted to the shore, the sludge is loaded into the automobile, and the automobile transports the sludge to a specified stacking place;
s3: replacing the excavation subareas, and repeating the step S2;
s4: and (4) finishing all excavation partition dredging operations, detecting the underwater environment again, and performing dredging operation again when necessary.
In step S1, the excavation partition is divided according to the position of the reservoir generator set and the condition of the reservoir sludge.
In step S2, the sludge with large diameter is bound by underwater chains of divers to form blocks, and the blocks are lifted out of the water and transported out by a slag transport barge.
And (S2) connecting the assembled water surface operating platform used in the step with the negative pressure silt pumping device, wherein an anchor machine is arranged on the assembled water surface operating platform, and a steel wire rope of the anchor machine is connected with a ground anchor on the bank of the reservoir.
The assembled water surface operation platform is formed by assembling a plurality of assembled modules, and each assembled module comprises a floating body and a steel plate positioned on the floating body.
The negative pressure silt pumping device used in the step S2 comprises a floating platform, a fixing frame, a mud pipe position adjusting mechanism, a mud pipe, a suction head, an air compressor, an air inlet pipe and an outer sleeve pipe, wherein the fixing frame is fixed on the floating platform, the mud pipe position adjusting mechanism is fixed on the fixing frame and connected with the mud pipe, the lower end of the mud pipe is connected with the suction head, the air compressor is fixed on the floating platform and connected with the outer sleeve pipe through the air inlet pipe, the outer sleeve pipe is sleeved on the outer side of the lower part of the mud pipe, a spiral air passage is arranged in the outer sleeve pipe and communicates the air inlet pipe with the mud pipe, the air inlet pipe is communicated with the lower end of the spiral air passage, and the upper end of the spiral air passage is communicated with.
In step S2, the hardened or densely piled sludge is broken by the dredging aid on the negative pressure sludge pumping device.
The dredging-assisting tool adopts a dredging-assisting reamer which is connected with a reamer motor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the negative pressure silt pumping device to remove the silt with small particle size, and arranges that a diver is bound by a chain and the like when encountering a block with an ultra-large diameter, and the diver is lifted off the water to completely remove the silt. The invention reasonably divides the excavation area, and does not influence the normal power generation of the hydropower station, the operation of the sand discharge tunnel and the flood discharge during the construction period.
The assembled operation platform is adopted, the small modular design is adopted, the road transportation requirement can be met, and the difficulty that ships cannot enter the non-navigation water area is overcome; the negative pressure sludge pumping device is used as main dredging equipment, compressed air is used as power, sludge is sucked in a negative pressure mode, and a concrete bottom plate is not damaged; the intake pipe and the mud pipe line adopt "S type spiral air flue" intercommunication, and compressed air gets into in the mud pipe after the spiral air flue effect, makes rivers produce vortex effect, has strengthened the negative pressure effect of silt device is taken out to the negative pressure, can be better will inhale the sediment and discharge through the mud pipe line.
The slag discharging method adopts a slag transporting barge and a truck crane slag discharging mode, adopts the slag transporting barge to install the slag collecting cage to collect the sludge, and is lifted to a land platform by a land truck crane after manually transporting out and transporting the bagged sludge, thereby solving the problem of slag discharging when no large ship exists on the water surface.
Because the flow velocity is large, the dredging ship body and the water slag discharging facility are fixed with certain difficulty, the invention adopts a land anchor cable system for fixing, and the steel wire rope of the anchor machine on the assembled operating platform is connected with the ground anchor on the reservoir bank, thereby providing a base point for the displacement of the ship.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative pressure sludge pumping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an outer sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-reservoir bank, 2-assembled water surface operation platform, 3-slag transportation barge, 4-slag collecting cage, 5-hoisting device, 6-floating platform, 7-fixing frame, 8-mud pipe position adjusting mechanism, 9-mud pipe, 10-ground anchor, 11-suction head, 12-air compressor, 13-air inlet pipe, 14-outer sleeve, 15-spiral air flue, 16-connecting port, 17-assistant and sparse reamer, 18-reamer motor and 19-anchor machine.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for cleaning deep water sludge in a reservoir, as shown in fig. 1, including the following steps:
s1: detecting underwater topography: (1) the measuring instrument is as follows: measuring water depth by using an HY1600 single-beam depth sounder, and performing plane positioning and elevation measurement by using a GPS (RTK1+ 1); (2) and (3) line measurement arrangement: fouling measurement: the cleaning area is arranged in a grid shape, and the intervals between the sections and the measuring points are 1.0 m; (3) measuring a ship: arranging the measuring instruments on the traffic ship, and sequentially advancing according to the air routes determined by the measuring scheme; (4) the method comprises the following specific implementation steps: a diver (a handheld camera) carries out carpet type probing on the surface of the foundation pit according to a predetermined inspection direction and sequence after launching, a water surface monitor synchronously tracks and records, and if large-size sundries exist, the diver can timely clean the water under the cooperation of water surface workers to make corresponding character records.
Determining a dredging range according to the condition of reservoir sediments, and dividing excavation partitions; and the excavation subareas are divided according to the position of the reservoir generator set and the condition of reservoir sediments.
S2: (1) adopting a hole method for operation: after the assembly type water surface operation platform 2 and the negative pressure silt pumping device are drained, the operation platform is pulled by the platform traction device to adjust the operation position.
After positioning is finished, the sludge discharge pipe 9 of the negative pressure sludge pumping device is gradually put down, the suction head 11 is made to be close to the surface of the river bed, the air supply valve is opened at the moment, sludge near the suction head 11 enters the sludge discharge pipe 9 under the combined action of water head pressure and compressed air, and the sludge inlet is continuously put down along with the reduction of the elevation until the required elevation is reached. And the process is circulated until the process is finished. During dredging, the measurements are timed and the shift is performed so that the working radii overlap 1/4-1/3.
When the water depth of the ship reaches the design requirement through detection or the large stones of the riverbed in the range are cleaned, the assembled water surface operating platform 2 loosens the anchoring steel cables on the two sides to a proper length, and the assembled water surface operating platform 2 is pulled to the next section through retracting the tail anchors and the main anchors to start the dredging operation of the next section.
(2) And (3) strip construction: when the cleaning width is larger than the maximum digging width of the operating ship, strip digging is carried out, overlapping areas of 3-5 meters are arranged between strips during construction, so that under-digging ridges are prevented from being formed, the engineering quality is not affected, and each zone is divided into 4-5 strips.
(3) Cleaning hardened or densely piled slag: in order to ensure the continuity of dredging operation, the hardened or piled dense slag is crushed by the dredging-assisting reamer 17. Cleaning slag with an ultra-large diameter: most typical slag can be directly removed, and for the slag which can not be sucked out by the negative pressure dredging device, a diver is arranged to tie up a block by an underwater chain, and the block is lifted out of the water with the help of a lifting system of the dredging ship and is carried out by a slag carrying barge 3.
(4) Deslagging on the water surface: slag materials sucked by the negative pressure silt pumping device are conveyed to the stern along a longitudinal steel pipe arranged in the middle of the ship body, and finally conveyed into a slag collecting cage 4 on the slag carrying barge 3 through an elbow. After the slag collecting cages 4 of the slag carrying barges 3 are filled, the slag carrying barges 3 move to the shore.
(5) Land deslagging: the unloading adopts a 25t truck crane, the loading adopts 1 1.5m3 loader, and the transport vehicles are 2-3 18t dump trucks. Can be adjusted in time according to the actual condition of slagging tap specifically. Before loading, the vehicle needs to be driven to the optimal position so as to save time and provide loading efficiency; the bucket is close to the front of the carriage as much as possible, and the loading is planned and carried out step by step in sequence without disorder; when the materials are filled up quickly, the higher parts are pushed flat, and when the materials are filled up quickly, the materials can be pushed away slowly, so that the materials can be pushed to a smaller side as much as possible; and (4) observing to avoid material falling. The transport vehicle transports the sludge to a designated deposit site.
S3: replacing the excavation subareas, and repeating the step S2;
s4: and (4) completing dredging operation of all the subareas, detecting the underwater environment again, and performing dredging operation again when necessary to ensure complete dredging.
The invention is widely applied to various reservoirs with the deepest depth of 50 meters, and the cleaning particle size is less than 500 mm.
The equipment used by the cleaning method is shown in figures 2-5 and comprises a platform traction device, an assembled water surface operation platform 2, a negative pressure silt pumping device, a slag transportation barge 3 and a hoisting device 5, wherein the assembled water surface operation platform 2 is formed by assembling a plurality of assembling modules, each assembling module comprises a floating body and a steel plate positioned on the floating body, the assembled water surface operation platform 2 is connected with the negative pressure silt pumping device, a mud pipe 9 of the negative pressure silt pumping device extends to the position above a slag collection cage 4 of the slag transportation barge 3, and the hoisting device 5 for hoisting the slag collection cage 4 is arranged on a reservoir bank 1. The platform traction device is connected with the assembled water surface operation platform 2, the platform traction device adopts an anchor machine 19 and a ground anchor 10, the anchor machine 19 is positioned on the assembled water surface operation platform 2, and a steel wire rope of the anchor machine 19 is connected with the ground anchor 10 on the reservoir bank 1. The silt device is taken out to negative pressure includes floating platform 6, mount 7, mud pipe position adjustment mechanism 8, mud pipe 9, suction head 11, air compressor machine 12, intake pipe 13, outer tube 14, mount 7 is fixed in on floating platform 6, mud pipe position adjustment mechanism 8 is fixed in on mount 7, and with mud pipe 9 connects, mud pipe 9 lower extreme and suction head 11 are connected, and mud pipe 9 adopts the multistage tubular metal resonator, through the hose connection between the tubular metal resonator, air compressor machine 12 is fixed in on floating platform 6 to be connected with outer tube 14 through intake pipe 13, outer tube 14 cover is in the lower part outside of mud pipe 9, be provided with spiral air flue 15 in the outer tube 14, spiral air flue 15 communicates intake pipe 13 and mud pipe 9. The air inlet pipe 13 is communicated with the lower end of the spiral air passage 15, and the connecting port 16 at the upper end of the spiral air passage 15 is communicated with the sludge discharge pipe 9. The two sides of the mud discharging pipe 9 are provided with the assistant dredging reamers 17, and the assistant dredging reamers 17 are connected with the reamer motor 18.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the description is only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims. The technical solutions of the present invention or those skilled in the art, based on the teaching of the technical solutions of the present invention, should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention or equivalent technical solutions designed to achieve the above technical effects are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for cleaning deep water sludge of a reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: detecting an underwater topography, determining a dredging range according to the condition of reservoir sediments, and dividing excavation partitions;
s2: the assembled water surface operation platform and the negative pressure silt pumping device reach a working position, and the negative pressure silt pumping device carries out desilting operation to carry out strip excavation; conveying the sludge extracted by the negative pressure sludge extraction device into a sludge collection cage of a sludge conveying barge; the slag transporting barge is moved to the shore, the slag collecting cage is hoisted to the shore, the sludge is loaded into the automobile, and the automobile transports the sludge to a specified stacking place;
s3: replacing the excavation subareas, and repeating the step S2;
s4: and (4) finishing all excavation partition dredging operations, detecting the underwater environment again, and performing dredging operation again when necessary.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the excavation partition is divided according to the position of the reservoir generator set and the condition of the reservoir sludge.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the sludge with large diameter is bound by underwater chains of divers to form blocks, and the blocks are lifted out of the water and transported out by a slag transport barge.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (S2) connecting the assembled water surface operating platform used in the step with the negative pressure silt pumping device, wherein an anchor machine is arranged on the assembled water surface operating platform, and a steel wire rope of the anchor machine is connected with a ground anchor on the bank of the reservoir.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the assembled water surface operation platform is formed by assembling a plurality of assembled modules, and each assembled module comprises a floating body and a steel plate positioned on the floating body.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the negative pressure silt pumping device used in the step S2 comprises a floating platform, a fixing frame, a mud pipe position adjusting mechanism, a mud pipe, a suction head, an air compressor, an air inlet pipe and an outer sleeve pipe, wherein the fixing frame is fixed on the floating platform, the mud pipe position adjusting mechanism is fixed on the fixing frame and connected with the mud pipe, the lower end of the mud pipe is connected with the suction head, the air compressor is fixed on the floating platform and connected with the outer sleeve pipe through the air inlet pipe, the outer sleeve pipe is sleeved on the outer side of the lower part of the mud pipe, a spiral air passage is arranged in the outer sleeve pipe and communicates the air inlet pipe with the mud pipe, the air inlet pipe is communicated with the lower end of the spiral air passage, and the upper end of the spiral air passage is communicated with.
7. The deep water sludge cleaning method of the reservoir as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein: in step S2, the hardened or densely piled sludge is broken by the dredging aid on the negative pressure sludge pumping device.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: the dredging-assisting tool adopts a dredging-assisting reamer which is connected with a reamer motor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011094040.9A CN112376641A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Reservoir deep water sediment cleaning method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011094040.9A CN112376641A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Reservoir deep water sediment cleaning method |
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| CN112376641A true CN112376641A (en) | 2021-02-19 |
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| CN202011094040.9A Pending CN112376641A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Reservoir deep water sediment cleaning method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114164883A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-11 | 河南黄科工程技术检测有限公司 | Water dredging construction method based on automatic fixed-point operation |
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Application publication date: 20210219 |