CN113882332A - Bilateral vertical seam type fishway pool chamber silt reducing structure, fishway and silt reducing method thereof - Google Patents
Bilateral vertical seam type fishway pool chamber silt reducing structure, fishway and silt reducing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113882332A CN113882332A CN202111492171.7A CN202111492171A CN113882332A CN 113882332 A CN113882332 A CN 113882332A CN 202111492171 A CN202111492171 A CN 202111492171A CN 113882332 A CN113882332 A CN 113882332A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
- E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bilateral vertical seam type fishway chamber silt reducing structure, a fishway and a silt reducing method thereof. The beneficial effect of its production has at first prevented the silt siltation of fishway pond room, and this structure need not establish in addition on the baffle simultaneously and leads the sand hole seam, utilizes current fish perps to defeated sand, can reduce the influence to the fish effect is crossed to the fishway, also makes fishway baffle structure simpler. In addition, the invention makes full use of the water flow passing through the fish vertical seams to flush sand, and the sand flushing water flow does not need to be introduced from the reservoir area, thereby being beneficial to saving water resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fish passing buildings, in particular to a bilateral vertical seam type fishway pool chamber silt reducing structure, a fishway and a silt reducing method thereof.
Background
The fishway is a fish passing building arranged at hydraulic engineering or natural barriers such as gate dams and the like for communicating fish migration channels. The construction of the fishway engineering can relieve the blocking influence of the obstacles to a certain extent, and has important significance for protecting fish resources and maintaining river biodiversity. The fishway type mainly comprises a nature-imitated type, a vertical seam type, a pool weir type, a hole opening type and the like, wherein the vertical seam type fishway has the advantages of being simple in structure, capable of adapting to large water level changes, suitable for fish migration in different living water layers and the like, and is the most used fishway form at home and abroad at present. The vertical seam type fishway is divided into a single-side vertical seam type and a double-side vertical seam type according to the structural form.
In the prior art, for a double-side vertical seam type fishway, a water flow structure in a pool chamber mainly comprises a main flow belt which is connected with upper and lower vertical seams at the left and right sides and a backflow area at the middle part (as shown in figure 1). For the bilateral vertical seam type fishway engineering on the sandy river, due to the special pool chamber flow field structure, silt carried by water flow is easy to deposit in the backflow area at the middle part, so that the fish passing effect is influenced, and meanwhile, inconvenience is caused to later maintenance of the fishway. Therefore, how to prevent silt in the fishway pond chamber from accumulating is a very concern for design and scientific research personnel. The technical measure for solving the problem is that the bottom of the partition plate of the pool chamber is provided with sand passing holes or sand passing seams, and the defects of the existing technical measure are mainly as follows, firstly, migratory fishes are easy to enter the sand passing holes (seams) by mistake and enter a backflow area of the pool chamber for detention, so that the fish passing efficiency of a fishway is influenced; secondly, the arrangement of the sand passing holes (seams) can increase the water consumption of the fishway, which is not beneficial to the saving and utilization of water resources.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a bilateral vertical seam type fishway chamber silt reducing structure, a fishway and a silt reducing method thereof, so as to solve the defects of the prior art, solve the problem of silt deposition in a backflow region, and solve the problem of being not beneficial to the saving and utilization of water resources.
In order to achieve the purpose, one technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a bilateral vertical seam type fishway pool chamber silt reducing structure comprises a longitudinal flow guide ridge and an oblique flow guide sand guide ridge, wherein the longitudinal flow guide ridge and the oblique flow guide sand guide ridge are both arranged at the bottom of a fishway pool chamber;
the longitudinal flow guide ridges of the fishway pond chambers are sequentially and respectively arranged at the bottoms of the left side and the right side in a staggered manner;
the inclined flow guide sand guide ridge in each fishway chamber is obliquely arranged, and the direction of the inclined flow guide sand guide ridge is the same as the flow direction of water flow at a vertical seam on one side of the longitudinal flow guide ridge arranged in the fishway chamber;
the longitudinal flow guide ridge is used for preventing the bottom flow of the upper-level vertical seam from entering the lower-level vertical seam, guiding the bottom flow into the silt region and flushing the fishway with sand;
the inclined flow guide sand guide ridge is used for adjusting and guiding water flow guided into the silt region by the longitudinal flow guide ridge and guiding silt to enter a main flow region of the fishway chamber.
Furthermore, the longitudinal flow guide ridges in each fishway pond chamber are respectively connected with the upstream guide plate and the downstream partition plate.
Furthermore, the width of each longitudinal flow guide ridge is 10-15cm, and the height of each longitudinal flow guide ridge is 10-15 cm.
Furthermore, the width of each oblique flow guiding and sand guiding ridge is 10-15cm, the height of each oblique flow guiding and sand guiding ridge is 10-15cm, the oblique angle of each oblique flow guiding and sand guiding ridge is 30-50 degrees, and the distance between every two adjacent oblique flow guiding and sand guiding ridges is 30-50 cm.
The invention provides another technical scheme which is as follows: a vertical seam type fishway comprises the bilateral vertical seam type fishway pool chamber silt reducing structure.
The invention provides another technical scheme which is as follows: a silt reducing method for a vertical seam type fishway chamber comprises the following steps:
s1, building the bilateral vertical seam type fishway chamber silt reducing structure in a fishway chamber of a vertical seam type fishway, and allowing flow;
s2, after through-flow, adjusting the bottom flow velocity distribution of the fishway chamber through the inclined flow guiding and sand guiding ridge, and guiding the silt in the middle of the fishway chamber into the main flow area on the other side by using the bottom flow of the fish vertical seam passing through one side of the upstream water inlet;
s3, adjusting the bottom flow velocity distribution of the fishway pool chamber through the arranged longitudinal flow guide ridges to form a sand washing water flow deviated to the main flow area, and conveying and moving the silt to the downstream fishway pool chamber gradually by utilizing the main flow in the vertical seam space connected between the upstream and the downstream, and finally guiding the silt into the river channel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the technology of the invention adjusts the bottom flow velocity distribution by arranging the flow guiding structure at the bottom of the fishway chamber, firstly, the bottom flow passing through the fish vertical seam at one side guides the silt in the middle of the chamber into the main flow area at the other side, and then the main flow connecting the upper vertical seam and the lower vertical seam gradually transports the silt downwards and finally guides the silt into the river channel. The beneficial effect of its production has at first prevented the silt siltation of fishway pond room, and this structure need not establish in addition on the baffle simultaneously and leads the sand hole seam, utilizes current fish perps to defeated sand, can reduce the influence to the fish effect is crossed to the fishway, also makes fishway baffle structure simpler. In addition, the invention makes full use of the water flow passing through the fish vertical seams to flush sand, and the sand flushing water flow does not need to be introduced from the reservoir area, thereby being beneficial to saving water resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a double-sided vertical seam fishway structure and flow field distribution in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a silt reducing structure of a double-sided vertical slit type fishway chamber in example 1 of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a section A-A in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a silt reducing structure of a double-sided vertical slit type fishway chamber in example 2 of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along line B-B in example 2 of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a longitudinal flow guiding ridge; 2. oblique flow guiding sand guiding ridge; 3. a fishway pond chamber; 4. vertically sewing; 5. a silt region; 6. a main flow zone; 7. an upstream guide plate; 8. a downstream baffle.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings that illustrate the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2-3, the bilateral vertical seam type fishway chamber silt reducing structure comprises a longitudinal flow guiding ridge 1 and an oblique flow guiding sand guiding ridge 2, wherein the longitudinal flow guiding ridge 1 and the oblique flow guiding sand guiding ridge 2 are both arranged at the bottom of a fishway chamber 3;
the longitudinal flow guide ridge 1 is used for preventing the bottom flow of the upper-level vertical seam 4 from entering the lower-level vertical seam 4, guiding the bottom flow into the silt region 5 and flushing the fishway pool chamber 3 with sand;
the oblique flow guiding and sand guiding ridge 2 is used for adjusting and guiding water flow guided into the silt region 5 by the longitudinal flow guiding ridge 1 and guiding silt to enter the main flow region 6 of the fishway chamber 3.
The silt siltation of the fishway chamber is prevented, the existing fish vertical joint sand conveying is utilized, the influence on the fish passing effect of the fishway can be reduced, the fish vertical joint water flow sand flushing is realized by fully utilizing, and the sand flushing water flow is not required to be introduced from the reservoir area to be favorable for saving water resources.
Further, the longitudinal flow guide ridges 1 in each fishway pond chamber 3 are respectively connected with an upstream guide plate 7 and a downstream partition plate 8.
Specifically, the longitudinal flow guide ridges 1 of each fishway tank chamber 3 are sequentially and respectively arranged at the bottoms of the left side and the right side in a staggered manner, namely, the longitudinal flow guide ridges 1 of the upper fishway tank chamber 3 are arranged at the bottom of the left side of the fishway tank chamber 3 and are respectively connected with the upstream guide plate 7 and the downstream partition plate 8, and the longitudinal flow guide ridges 1 of the lower fishway tank chamber 3 are arranged at the bottom of the right side of the fishway tank chamber 3 and are respectively connected with the upstream guide plate 7 and the downstream partition plate 8 of the fishway tank chamber 3.
Furthermore, the width of each longitudinal flow guide ridge 1 is 10-15cm, the height of each longitudinal flow guide ridge is 10-15cm on the basis of meeting the flow guide requirement and not influencing the water flow structure at the middle upper part of the pond room, and the height of each longitudinal flow guide ridge is 10-15 cm.
Specifically, the inclined flow guide sand guide ridge 2 in each fishway pool chamber 3 is obliquely arranged, and the trend of the inclined flow guide sand guide ridge is the same as the water flow direction of a vertical seam on one side of the longitudinal flow guide ridge 1 arranged in the fishway pool chamber 3.
Specifically, parameters such as the oblique angle and the distance between the oblique flow guiding and sand guiding sills 2 need to be determined by combining a hydraulic model test according to the scale of a fishway pool chamber, the width of each oblique flow guiding and sand guiding sill 2 is 10-15cm, the height of each oblique flow guiding and sand guiding sill 2 is 10-15cm, the oblique angle (included angle with the cross section of the pool chamber) of each oblique flow guiding and sand guiding sill 2 is 30-50 degrees, and the distance between every two adjacent oblique flow guiding and sand guiding sills 2 is 30-50 cm.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4-5, the difference from embodiment 1 is that the silt reducing structure only includes a longitudinal flow guiding threshold 1, and the longitudinal flow guiding threshold 1 is disposed at the bottom of the fishway pool chamber 3;
the longitudinal flow guide ridge 1 is used for preventing the bottom flow of the upper-level vertical seam 4 from entering the lower-level vertical seam 4, guiding the bottom flow into the silt region 5 and flushing the fishway pool chamber 3 with sand.
Example 3
The difference from the embodiment 1-2 is that, furthermore, the longitudinal diversion ridge 1 and the oblique diversion sand-guiding ridge 2 are movably arranged at the bottom of the fishway pool chamber 3.
Specifically, can adopt swing joint structure, set up and lead 2 border departments or bottom departments of husky bank at vertical water conservancy diversion bank 1 and slant water conservancy diversion for more quick installation in the bottom of fishway pond room 3, when having the existing damage, can be convenient for maintain the replacement, simultaneously, increase according to subtracting the silt effect, makes things convenient for angle of adjustment, position etc..
The movable connection structure is not limited to the connection structure in the prior art, such as a pin, a slot, a clamping connection and the like arranged at the edge or the bottom.
Example 4
A bilateral vertical seam fishway, comprising the bilateral vertical seam fishway chamber silt reducing structure of the embodiment 1-3.
Example 5
A silt reducing method for a vertical seam type fishway chamber comprises the following steps:
s1, building a bilateral vertical seam type fishway chamber silt reducing structure in the embodiment 1-the embodiment 3 in a fishway chamber 3 of the bilateral vertical seam type fishway, and allowing flow;
s2, after through-flow, adjusting the bottom flow velocity distribution of the fishway chamber 3 through the inclined flow guiding and sand guiding ridge 2, and guiding the silt in the middle of the fishway chamber 3 into the main flow area 6 on the other side by using the bottom flow of the fish vertical seam 4 on one side of the upstream water inlet;
s3, adjusting the bottom flow velocity distribution of the fishway pool chamber 3 through the arranged longitudinal flow guide ridge 1 to form a sand washing water flow deviated to the main flow area 6, gradually conveying and moving the silt to the downstream fishway pool chamber 3 by utilizing the main flow in the vertical gap 4 connected between the upstream and the downstream, and finally guiding the silt into the river channel.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The bilateral vertical seam type fishway pool chamber silt reducing structure is characterized by comprising a longitudinal flow guide ridge (1) and an oblique flow guide sand guide ridge (2), wherein the longitudinal flow guide ridge (1) and the oblique flow guide sand guide ridge (2) are arranged at the bottom of a fishway pool chamber (3);
the longitudinal flow guide ridges (1) of each fishway pond chamber (3) are sequentially and respectively arranged at the bottoms of the left side and the right side in a staggered manner;
the inclined flow guide sand guide ridges (2) in each fishway pool chamber (3) are arranged in an inclined mode, and the direction of the inclined flow guide sand guide ridges is the same as the flow direction of water flow of vertical seams at one side of the longitudinal flow guide ridges (1) arranged in the fishway pool chamber (3);
the longitudinal flow guide ridge (1) is used for preventing the underflow of the upper-level vertical seam (4) from entering the lower-level vertical seam (4), guiding the underflow into the silt region (5) and flushing the fishway pool chamber (3) with sand;
the oblique flow guiding and sand guiding ridge (2) is used for adjusting and guiding water flow guided into the silt region (5) by the longitudinal flow guiding ridge (1) and guiding silt to enter a main flow region (6) of the fishway chamber (3).
2. The double-sided vertical-seam fishway-pool-chamber silt reducing structure of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal flow-guiding ridges (1) in each fishway-pool-chamber (3) are respectively connected with the upstream guide plate (7) and the downstream partition plate (8).
3. The double-sided vertical-seam fishway chamber silt reducing structure of claim 2, wherein each of the longitudinal flow guiding ridges (1) has a width of 10-15cm and a height of 10-15 cm.
4. The double-sided vertical-seam type fishway chamber silt reducing structure of claim 1, wherein each of the inclined flow-guiding sand-guiding sills (2) has a width of 10-15cm, a height of 10-15cm, an inclined angle of 30-50 °, and a distance between two adjacent inclined flow-guiding sills (2) is 30-50 cm.
5. A double-sided vertical-seam fishway, characterized in that the fishway comprises a double-sided vertical-seam fishway chamber silt reducing structure of any one of claims 1-4.
6. A bilateral vertical seam type fishway pool chamber silt reducing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, building the bilateral vertical seam type fishway chamber silt reducing structure of any one of claims 1 to 4 in a fishway chamber (3) of a vertical seam type fishway, and enabling the fishway chamber to flow through the structure;
s2, after through-flow, adjusting the bottom flow velocity distribution of the fishway tank chamber (3) through the inclined flow guiding and sand guiding ridge (2), and guiding the silt in the middle of the fishway tank chamber (3) into the main flow area (6) on the other side by using the bottom flow of the fish vertical seam (4) passing through one side of the upstream water inlet;
s3, adjusting the bottom flow velocity distribution of the fishway pool chamber (3) where the fishway pool chamber is located through the arranged longitudinal flow guide ridge (1), forming a sand flushing water flow deviated to the main flow area (6), conveying and moving the silt to the downstream fishway pool chamber (3) gradually by utilizing the main flow in the vertical seam (4) connected between the upstream and the downstream, and finally guiding the silt into the river channel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111492171.7A CN113882332B (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | Bilateral vertical seam type fishway pool chamber silt reducing structure, fishway and silt reducing method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111492171.7A CN113882332B (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | Bilateral vertical seam type fishway pool chamber silt reducing structure, fishway and silt reducing method thereof |
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| CN113882332A true CN113882332A (en) | 2022-01-04 |
| CN113882332B CN113882332B (en) | 2022-02-08 |
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| KR20110045824A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-05-04 | 정규원 | Debris barrier having ecotype passage of step difference type |
| CN103835271A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-06-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Vertical seam type fishway with bifurcation sections |
| CN104712010A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-17 | 广东省水利水电科学研究院 | Water diversion and silt prevention system for convex bank |
| CN107245988A (en) * | 2017-07-22 | 2017-10-13 | 河北工程大学 | Many arcading plate ecological fishway dividing plates |
| CN208996001U (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-06-18 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of fish pass partition pattern equipped with excessively husky seam |
| CN213014193U (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-04-20 | 西藏电建成勘院工程有限公司 | Hydraulic automatic sludging type fishway structure |
-
2021
- 2021-12-08 CN CN202111492171.7A patent/CN113882332B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110045824A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-05-04 | 정규원 | Debris barrier having ecotype passage of step difference type |
| CN103835271A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-06-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Vertical seam type fishway with bifurcation sections |
| CN104712010A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-17 | 广东省水利水电科学研究院 | Water diversion and silt prevention system for convex bank |
| CN107245988A (en) * | 2017-07-22 | 2017-10-13 | 河北工程大学 | Many arcading plate ecological fishway dividing plates |
| CN208996001U (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-06-18 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of fish pass partition pattern equipped with excessively husky seam |
| CN213014193U (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-04-20 | 西藏电建成勘院工程有限公司 | Hydraulic automatic sludging type fishway structure |
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