CN113878246A

CN113878246A - Laser processing head

Info

Publication number: CN113878246A
Application number: CN202111266055.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐晔; 李琪强
Original assignee: Shanghai Bosi Automation Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Bosi Automation Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-28
Filing date: 2021-10-28
Publication date: 2022-01-04

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser processing head, and belongs to the technical field of laser processing. The laser beam machining head includes that collimation lens, lens that set gradually along laser beam's optical path cut into device and focus lens, and the lens cuts into the device and includes: a housing; the rotating assembly is rotatably arranged in the shell and comprises a rotating frame and a lens connected to the rotating frame, the rotating frame rotates along a rotating axis, and the rotating axis is vertical to the optical axis of the lens; and the fixed end of the driving piece is connected with the shell, and the driving end of the driving piece is connected with the rotating frame in a driving mode so as to drive the rotating frame to rotate along the rotating axis and towards the optical path far away from or close to the laser beam, so that the lens is selectively positioned outside or inside the optical path of the laser beam, and the laser processing head is formed with various optical paths. Has the advantages that: the focal length of the laser processing head and the diameter of the formed light spot can be changed, so that various types of plates to be cut can be cut, the application range is wide, and the cost is saved.

Description

Laser processing head

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a laser processing head.

Background

In laser machining, the focal length of the laser machining head and the diameter of the spot formed to cut the sheet material to be cut are different due to the different types of sheet materials to be cut. However, the diameter of the light spot generated by the current laser processing head cannot be changed, so that one type of plate to be cut needs one corresponding laser processing head to cut the plate, that is, one more processing head needs one more machine tool, and one machine tool needs about one hundred and more ten thousand, so that two or more machine tools are needed to meet the processing conditions for processing various types of plates to be cut, and the cost is high.

In view of the above, it is desirable to design a laser processing head to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a laser processing head which can change the diameter of a light spot formed by the laser processing head, so that the laser processing head can cut various types of plates to be cut, and has the advantages of wide application range and cost saving.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a laser machining head comprising a collimating optic, a lens cut-in device and a focusing optic arranged in sequence along an optical path of a laser beam, the lens cut-in device comprising:

a housing;

the rotating assembly is rotatably arranged in the shell and comprises a rotating frame and a lens fixedly arranged on the rotating frame, the rotating frame rotates along a rotating axis, and the rotating axis is perpendicular to an optical axis of the laser processing head;

the fixed end of the driving piece is connected with the shell, the driving end of the driving piece is connected with the rotating frame in a driving mode so as to drive the rotating frame to rotate along the rotating axis and towards an optical path far away from or close to the laser beam, the lens is selectively located outside or inside the optical path of the laser beam, the laser processing head is enabled to form various optical paths, and the rotating axis is coaxial with the axis of the output shaft of the driving piece.

Further, the lens incision device further comprises:

an encoder connected to the output shaft, the encoder configured to measure and record an angle of rotation of the output shaft.

Further, the driving piece is a motor, the encoder is an absolute rotary encoder, and the motor is in meshing transmission with the absolute rotary encoder.

Further, the laser processing head comprises at least one lens cut-in device.

Further, the lens has two states of a cut-in state and a cut-out state, and when the lens is in the cut-in state, the lens is positioned in an optical path of the laser beam; when the lens is in the cut-out state, the lens is located outside an optical path of the laser beam.

Further, the lens incision device further comprises:

and one end of the connecting frame is connected with the shell in a sealing way, and the other end of the connecting frame is fixedly connected with the fixed end of the driving piece.

Furthermore, the rotating frame is provided with an installation part and a protruding part, the installation part and the protruding part are used for installing the lens, the protruding part extends towards the direction close to the driving piece, the axis of the installation part, the axis of the protruding part and the axis of the output shaft are coaxial, the installation part is located in the shell, the protruding part is located in the connecting frame, and the output shaft is in driving connection with the protruding part.

Further, a bearing is arranged on the connecting frame, and the protruding portion is rotatably arranged in the bearing.

Further, a first sealing element is arranged between the connecting frame and the shell, and a second sealing element is arranged between the connecting frame and the protruding portion.

Further, it is characterized in that the driving member is mounted to the connection frame by a mounting plate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the fixed end of the driving piece is connected with the shell, the driving end of the driving piece is in driving connection with a rotating frame of the rotating assembly, and the rotating frame is fixedly provided with a lens; the drive member is capable of driving the turret to rotate along the axis of rotation and toward or away from the optical path of the laser beam, so that the lens can be selectively positioned outside or inside the optical path of the laser beam, enabling the laser processing head to form a variety of optical paths, so that the laser beam can selectively pass through the collimating lens and not pass through the lens, and the laser beam enters the focusing lens through different optical paths, because the laser beams can form mutually parallel beams after passing through the collimating lens, and the lens can change the distance between two side edges of the formed mutually parallel beams, the diameter of the light spots formed by the parallel light beams after passing through the focusing lens and used for cutting the plate to be cut is changed, so that the formed light spots with different diameters can be used for cutting different types of plates to be cut; in this way, different types of plates to be cut can be cut through one laser processing head, so that the application range of the laser processing head is wide, namely, only one machine tool is needed to meet the processing requirements of various types of plates to be cut, the number of the needed machine tools is small, and the cutting cost is low.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lens lancing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a laser processing head provided in accordance with the present invention in an optical path;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser processing head provided by the present invention under a second optical path.

Reference numerals:

1-a lens incision device; 10-a drive member; 101-an output shaft; 11-a housing; 12-a lens; 13-a turret; 131-a mounting portion; 132-a projection; 14-a connecting frame; 15-a first seal; 16-a second seal; 17-a bearing; 18-a mounting plate;

2-a collimating lens; 3-a focusing lens; 4-laser beam.

Detailed Description

All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

At present, the diameter of a light spot generated by a laser processing head cannot be changed, so that one type of plate to be cut needs to be cut by one corresponding laser processing head, namely, one more processing head needs to be provided with one more machine tool, and one machine tool needs to be provided with more than one million, so that two or more machine tools are needed to meet the processing conditions when the processing requirements of various types of plates to be cut are met, and the cost is higher.

In this respect, the present embodiment proposes a laser processing head, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the laser processing head includes a collimating lens 2, a lens cutting device 1, and a focusing lens 3, which are sequentially disposed along an optical path of a laser beam; the lens incision device 1 comprises a shell 11, a rotating assembly and a driving piece 10; the rotating assembly is rotatably arranged in the shell 11 and comprises a rotating frame 13 and a lens 12 fixedly arranged on the rotating frame 13, the rotating frame 13 rotates along a rotating axis, and the rotating axis is vertical to the optical axis of the laser processing head; the fixed end of the driving piece 10 is connected with the shell 11, the driving end of the driving piece 10 is connected with the rotating frame 13 in a driving mode, the driving piece 10 can drive the rotating frame 13 to rotate along the rotating axis and far away from or close to the optical path of the laser beam, so that the lens 12 is selectively positioned outside or inside the optical path of the laser beam, the laser processing head is formed with various optical paths, and the rotating axis is coaxial with the axis of the output shaft 101 of the driving piece 10. The optical path of the laser beam is shown by an arrow a in fig. 2 or fig. 3, the range between the two arrows a is in the optical path of the laser beam, and the range outside the two arrows a is outside the optical path of the laser beam.

The fixed end of the driving piece 10 is connected with the shell 11, the driving end of the driving piece 10 is in driving connection with a rotating frame 13 of the rotating assembly, and a lens 12 is fixedly arranged on the rotating frame 13; the driving part 10 can drive the rotating frame 13 to rotate along the rotation axis and towards an optical path far away from or close to the laser beam, so that the lens 12 can be selectively positioned outside the optical path of the laser beam or positioned in the optical path of the laser beam, the laser processing head can form a plurality of optical paths, the laser beam 4 can enter the focusing lens 3 after passing through the collimating lens 2 or after passing through the lens 12, because the laser beam 4 can form mutually parallel beams after passing through the collimating lens 2, and the lens 12 can change the distance between two side edges of the formed mutually parallel beams, so that the diameter of a spot formed by the mutually parallel beams after passing through the focusing lens 3 for cutting a plate to be cut can be changed, and the formed spots with different diameters can be used for cutting different types of plates to be cut, the laser processing head can cut different types of plates to be cut, so that the application range of the laser processing head is large, namely, only one machine tool is needed to meet the processing requirements of various types of plates to be cut, the number of the needed machine tools is small, and the cutting cost is low.

Specifically, the initial position of the lens 12 is set to be located in the optical path of the laser beam, as shown in fig. 2, when the laser beam 4 passes through the collimating lens 2, the laser beam forms mutually parallel beams, and the formed mutually parallel beams pass through the lens 12 and then enter the focusing lens 3; due to the optical characteristics of the lens 12, when the formed parallel light beams pass through the lens 12, the lens 12 can change the distance H between the two side edges of the formed parallel light beams, so as to change the diameter of the light spots formed by the parallel light beams after passing through the focusing lens 3 for cutting the plate to be cut, so that the formed light spots with different diameters can be used for cutting different types of plate to be cut.

When the driving member 10 drives the rotating frame 13 to rotate relative to the axis of the output shaft 101 of the driving member 10 to a direction away from the optical path of the laser beam, so that the lens 12 is located outside the optical path of the laser beam, as shown in fig. 3, the laser beam 4 can enter the focusing lens 3 after passing through the collimating lens 2 without passing through the lens 12; because the lens 12 is positioned outside the optical path of the laser beam, the formed parallel beams directly enter the focusing lens 3, and the distance H between the two side edges of the formed parallel beams is not changed, so that the diameter of the light spot formed by the laser beam 4 passing through the lens 12 or not passing through the lens 12 is different, the lens 12 can be selectively positioned or not positioned in the optical path of the laser beam according to the type of the plate to be cut, the diameter of the light spot formed by the laser beam 4 can be matched with the plate to be cut, the application range of the laser processing head is greatly increased, and the universality of the laser processing head is better.

Further, the laser machining head comprises at least one lens cut-in device 1, a plurality of lens cut-in devices 1 being arranged at intervals between the collimating lens 2 and the focusing lens 3. By arranging the plurality of lens cutting devices 1, the laser beam 4 can selectively pass through one or more lenses 12, so that the diameter range of the formed light spot is larger, more types of plates to be cut can be cut, the application range of the laser processing head is further increased, and the universality is better. In this embodiment, the laser processing head comprises a lens cut-in device 1 so that the laser processing head is formed with two optical paths, namely an optical path one as shown in fig. 2 and an optical path two as shown in fig. 3. In other embodiments it is also possible to have the laser machining head comprise two or three lens cutting devices 1, so that the laser machining head can be formed with a variety of optical paths. The specific number of lens cutting devices 1 to be set requires the specific type of sheet material to be cut and the cutting environment to be determined.

Further, the lens incision device 1 further comprises an encoder connected to the output shaft 101, wherein the encoder is configured to measure and record the rotation angle of the output shaft 101, so that the specific rotation angle of the rotating frame 13 and the lens 12 relative to the axis of the output shaft 101 of the driving member 10 can be precisely controlled, and the simplicity, convenience and accuracy of the rotation of the lens 12 can be guaranteed.

Specifically, the driving member 10 is a motor, the encoder is an absolute rotary encoder, and the motor is in meshing transmission with the absolute rotary encoder. Through the gear meshing transmission of the motor and the absolute rotary encoder, when the motor rotates, the absolute rotary encoder can be driven to synchronously rotate, and at the moment, the absolute rotary encoder can accurately calculate and record the rotating angle of the output shaft 101 of the motor by measuring the rotating speed of the output shaft 101 of the motor; when the motor is powered off and restarted under the unexpected condition, the absolute rotary encoder can automatically judge the rotating angle of the motor before the power-off so as to control the specific position of the lens 12 at the moment and facilitate the continuation of the cutting work. In this embodiment, the motor is a stepping motor or a servo motor.

The lens 12 has two states of a cut-in state and a cut-out state, and when the lens 12 is in the cut-in state, the lens 12 is positioned in an optical path of the laser beam; when the lens 12 is in the cut-out state, the lens 12 is located outside the optical path of the laser beam. In this embodiment, the rotating frame 13 rotates 90 ° away from the optical path of the laser beam with respect to the axis of the output shaft 101, so that the lens 12 is in the cutting-out state, and the lens 12 can be ensured to be completely located outside the optical path of the laser beam, and the problem that the laser beam 4 still passes through the lens 12 without being connected to the lens 12 does not occur. In other embodiments, the turret 13 may be rotated to other degrees relative to the axis of the output shaft 101 to move away from or close to the optical path of the laser beam, so that the lens 12 is in the cut-out state or the cut-in state, and the specific angle of rotation is not particularly limited.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the lens incision device 1 further includes a connecting frame 14, one end of the connecting frame 14 is hermetically connected to the housing 11, and the other end of the connecting frame 14 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the driving member 10; specifically, the rotating frame 13 is formed with a mounting portion 131 for mounting the lens 12 and a protruding portion 132, the protruding portion 132 extends in a direction close to the driver 10, an axis of the mounting portion 131, an axis of the protruding portion 132 and an axis of the output shaft 101 are coaxial, the mounting portion 131 is located in the housing 11, the protruding portion 132 is located in the connecting frame 14, and the output shaft 101 is in driving connection with the protruding portion 132; the output shaft 101 of the driving member 10 rotates to drive the protrusion 132 to rotate, so as to drive the mounting portion 131 to rotate, thereby driving the lens 12 on the mounting portion 131 to rotate.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a bearing 17 is provided on the attachment frame 14, and the projection 132 is rotatably provided in the bearing 17 and is nut-fixed using the bearing 17 so that the projection 132 can rotate relative to the attachment frame 14. Wherein, the bearing 17 is installed on the connecting frame 14 and is fixed by a bearing 17 pressing plate.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, a first sealing member 15 is disposed between the connecting frame 14 and the housing 11, and a second sealing member 16 is disposed between the connecting frame 14 and the protrusion 132, so that the lens 12 can be hermetically disposed in the housing 11 and the connecting frame 14, thereby preventing the external environment from affecting the optical characteristics of the lens 12, and ensuring the normal use performance of the lens 12. In this embodiment, the first sealing element 15 is a sealing ring, and the second sealing element 16 is an axial sealing element, which may be an oil seal or a flooding plug seal.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the driving member 10 is mounted on the connecting frame 14 through the mounting plate 18, the mounting plate 18 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the driving member 10, the mounting plate 18 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 14, and the output shaft 101 of the driving member 10 is fixedly connected to the protrusion 132, so that the driving member 10 can drive the protrusion 132 to rotate.

The specific working process of the laser processing head in the embodiment is as follows:

when it is desired to use the lens 12: since the initial position of the lens 12 is set to be within the optical path of the laser beam, it is not necessary to activate the driving member 10 to rotate the turret 13 and the lens 12;

as shown in fig. 2, first, the laser beam 4 is made to pass through the collimating lens 2 to form mutually parallel beams; then, the formed parallel light beams enter the focusing lens 3 after passing through the lens 12; finally, the light beam can be focused to form a light spot for cutting the plate to be cut after passing through the focusing lens 3, so that the plate to be cut is cut through the light spot.

Due to the optical characteristics of the lens 12, when the mutually parallel light beams formed by passing through the collimating lens 2 pass through the lens 12, the lens 12 can change the distance H between the two side edges of the formed mutually parallel light beams, so as to change the diameter of the light spot formed by the mutually parallel light beams after passing through the focusing lens 3 and used for cutting the plate to be cut, and the formed light spot can be used for cutting the plate to be cut matched with the formed light spot.

When the lens 12 is not required:

as shown in fig. 3, first, the driving member 10 is started, the output shaft 101 of the driving member 10 is rotated to drive the protruding portion 132 to rotate 90 ° away from the optical path of the laser beam relative to the axis of the output shaft 101, and the protruding portion 132 rotates to drive the mounting portion 131 to rotate, so that the lens 12 rotates 90 ° away from the optical path of the laser beam relative to the axis of the output shaft 101, so that the lens 12 is located outside the optical path of the laser beam; then, the laser beam 4 is made to pass through the collimating lens 2 to form mutually parallel beams; finally, the formed parallel light beams are focused by the focusing lens 3 to form light spots for cutting the plate to be cut, so that the plate to be cut is cut through the light spots; after the cut is completed, the output shaft 101 of the driver 10 is rotated to drive the projection 132 to rotate 90 ° relative to the axis of the output shaft 101 toward the optical path adjacent the laser beam to rotate the lens 12 back to the initial position for the next cutting use.

Because the laser beam 4 directly enters the focusing lens 3 after passing through the collimating lens 2 and without passing through the lens 12, the distance H between the two side edges of the formed parallel beams is not changed, and the formed light spot for cutting the plate to be cut can be used for cutting the plate to be cut matched with the light spot.

In this embodiment, the position of the lens 12 in the optical path of the laser beam is adjusted to change the diameter of the light spot formed by the laser processing head, so that the laser processing head can be suitable for cutting various types of plates to be cut, and the universality and the applicability are good.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.

Claims

1. A laser processing head comprising a collimating lens (2), a lens cut-in device (1) and a focusing lens (3) arranged in sequence along an optical path of a laser beam, characterized in that the lens cut-in device (1) comprises:

a housing (11);

the rotating assembly is rotatably arranged in the shell (11) and comprises a rotating frame (13) and a lens (12) fixedly arranged on the rotating frame (13), the rotating frame (13) rotates along a rotating axis, and the rotating axis is perpendicular to the optical axis of the laser processing head;

the fixed end of the driving piece (10) is connected with the shell (11), the driving end of the driving piece (10) is connected with the rotating frame (13) in a driving mode, the rotating frame (13) is driven to rotate along the rotating axis and towards an optical path far away from or close to the laser beam, the lens (12) is selectively located outside or inside the optical path of the laser beam, the laser processing head is made to be provided with various optical paths, and the rotating axis is coaxial with the axis of the output shaft (101) of the driving piece (10).

2. Laser machining head according to claim 1, characterized in that the lens cut-in device (1) further comprises:

an encoder connected to the output shaft (101), the encoder configured to measure and record an angle of rotation of the output shaft (101).

3. Laser machining head according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive (10) is a motor, the encoder is an absolute rotary encoder and the motor is in meshing transmission with the absolute rotary encoder.

4. Laser machining head according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one said lens cut-in device (1).

5. Laser machining head as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the lens (12) has both a cut-in state and a cut-out state, the lens (12) being located in the optical path of the laser beam when the lens (12) is in the cut-in state; when the lens (12) is in the cut-out state, the lens (12) is located outside an optical path of the laser beam.

6. Laser machining head according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lens cut-in device (1) further comprises:

and one end of the connecting frame (14) is hermetically connected with the shell (11), and the other end of the connecting frame is fixedly connected with the fixed end of the driving piece (10).

7. Laser machining head according to claim 6, characterized in that the turret (13) is formed with a mounting portion (131) for mounting the lens (12) and a projection (132), the projection (132) extending in a direction close to the drive member (10) and the axis of the mounting portion (131), the axis of the projection (132) and the axis of the output shaft (101) being coaxial, the mounting portion (131) being located in the housing (11), the projection (132) being located in the connecting frame (14) and the output shaft (101) being drivingly connected to the projection (132).

8. Laser machining head as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the connecting frame (14) is provided with a bearing (17), the projection (132) being rotatably arranged in the bearing (17).

9. Laser machining head as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that a first seal (15) is provided between the connection carriage (14) and the housing (11), and a second seal (16) is provided between the connection carriage (14) and the projection (132).

10. Laser machining head as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the drive member (10) is mounted to the attachment frame (14) by means of a mounting plate (18).