CN113878224A - Friction welding method for cylinder barrel and cylinder bottom of hydraulic oil cylinder - Google Patents
Friction welding method for cylinder barrel and cylinder bottom of hydraulic oil cylinder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113878224A CN113878224A CN202111437157.7A CN202111437157A CN113878224A CN 113878224 A CN113878224 A CN 113878224A CN 202111437157 A CN202111437157 A CN 202111437157A CN 113878224 A CN113878224 A CN 113878224A
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- cylinder
- welding
- friction welding
- cylinder barrel
- cylinder bottom
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009721 upset forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 30
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
Abstract
The invention discloses a friction welding method for a cylinder barrel and a cylinder bottom of a hydraulic cylinder, which comprises the steps of blanking, rough machining, detection and cleaning before welding and friction welding. Compared with the traditional carbon dioxide arc welding process, the friction welding process has the following advantages: the strength of friction welding is much higher than that of carbon dioxide arc welding, for example, the friction welding process is required for forced drill pipe production in the American API oil industry standard. The welding efficiency of the friction welding process is far higher than that of the carbon dioxide arc welding, and the friction welding efficiency is 2-3 times higher than that of the carbon dioxide arc welding by taking the cylinder diameter of 60mm as an example. Compared with the carbon dioxide gas shielded welding, the friction welding process has the absolute advantages of no arc light and smoke pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a processing method for welding a cylinder barrel and a cylinder bottom of a hydraulic cylinder by adopting a friction welding process after changing the appearance structure of the joint of the cylinder bottom and the cylinder barrel, belonging to the technical field of hydraulic cylinders.
Background
At present, the welding of hydraulic cylinder and cylinder bottom adopts the gas shielded welding of dioxide to weld, at first cylinder bottom and cylinder junction need process a location with the technology tang and process the welding breach in the welding department, utilize cylinder bottom location tang to insert cylinder location back adoption carbon dioxide shielded welding girth welder to weld before the welding, this technology has some uncontrollable welding hidden troubles and has more strict technical requirement to the operator, for example, there are the welding seam on the technology and press from both sides the sediment, the gas pocket, the butt fusion is incomplete, the undercut, the problem such as depth of fusion unstability, can't detect every weld seam, and welding efficiency is low, welding process can produce arc light and smoke and dust pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, namely, the problems of low processing efficiency, incapability of monitoring the product quality in real time, serious pollution to the environment in the welding process, high requirement on operator working standards and the like cannot be comprehensively solved because the technical requirements and the process of the hydraulic oil cylinder limit the welding of the cylinder bottom and the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic oil cylinder and the conventional carbon dioxide arc welding process is still adopted. Further provides a friction welding hydraulic cylinder bottom and cylinder body.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a friction welding method for a cylinder barrel and a cylinder bottom of a hydraulic oil cylinder is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, blanking: performing raw material blanking on a cylinder barrel and a cylinder bottom according to the specification of the oil cylinder, wherein the cylinder barrel is blanked by a honing pipe band saw, and the cylinder bottom is processed into a blank by a die forging process;
secondly, rough machining: lathe processing is carried out on two end faces of the cylinder barrel, and then the cylinder bottom of the welded end of the cylinder barrel is processed to be matched with the radial process space of the cylinder barrel;
namely, the mechanical sealing process: carrying out numerical control turning on the cylinder bottom, processing a process boss and a process groove in the radial direction of the boss on the welding end face of the cylinder bottom, wherein the upper end face of the process boss is used for sealing the inner connection face of the cylinder bottom and the cylinder barrel;
thirdly, detection and cleaning before welding: detecting whether the size and the appearance of the workpiece have defects or not, and cleaning the surface of a welding part after the workpiece is qualified;
fourthly, friction welding:
1. manually loading the cylinder bottom and the cylinder barrel into a main shaft rotating clamp and a split jaw moving clamp of a friction welding machine respectively, then operating an automatic welding program of friction welding, clamping the cylinder bottom by the main shaft rotating clamp in a light clamping mode, and clamping the cylinder barrel by the split jaw moving clamp in the light clamping mode;
2. the friction welding sliding table performs axial slow displacement to perform medium-pressure pre-jacking on two workpieces so as to eliminate gaps in the manual clamping process, after the pre-jacking is finished, a system automatically adjusts the pressure of a main shaft rotating clamp and the pressure of the main shaft rotating clamp into a re-clamping mode, then the main shaft rotating clamp starts rotating when the sliding table retreats, and after the sliding table retreats to a position, the sliding table advances to perform a friction welding key stage;
3. the key stage of friction welding comprises three steps of P0 friction welding, P1 friction welding and P2 upset forging pressure maintaining (phase control, controllable cylinder bottom stop angle and within +/-0.75 degree of precision),
according to different specifications of workpieces:
the pressure of P0 friction welding stage is 2-6 MPa;
the pressure of P1 friction welding stage is 4-10 MPa;
the pressure of the P2 upsetting stage is 9-20MPa, the rotation number of the main shaft is 750-1500RPM/min, and the whole welding rhythm is 40 seconds/piece (without loading and unloading time) by taking a cylinder with the diameter of 80 cylinder.
In the third step, the surface cleaning of the welding position comprises removing oil stain, rust, burrs and the like.
In the fourth step, the preferable pressure of the P0 friction welding stage is 2-4 MPa;
the preferable pressure of the P1 friction welding stage is 4-8 MPa;
the preferred pressure for the P2 upset stage is 9-16MPa, with a spindle speed of 900-1200 RPM/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional carbon dioxide arc welding process, the friction welding process has the following advantages:
the strength of friction welding is much higher than that of carbon dioxide arc welding, for example, the friction welding process is required for forced drill pipe production in the American API oil industry standard.
The welding efficiency of the friction welding process is far higher than that of the carbon dioxide arc welding, and the friction welding efficiency is 2-3 times higher than that of the carbon dioxide arc welding by taking the cylinder diameter of 60mm as an example.
Compared with the carbon dioxide gas shielded welding, the friction welding process has the absolute advantages of no arc light and smoke pollution.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1: and welding the welded structure schematic diagram of the cylinder barrel and the cylinder bottom of the hydraulic oil cylinder by adopting a friction welding process.
FIG. 2: the schematic diagram of the process change of the cylinder barrel and the cylinder bottom of the hydraulic oil cylinder after the friction welding process is adopted.
FIG. 3: and the structural schematic diagram of welding the cylinder barrel and the cylinder bottom of the hydraulic oil cylinder by adopting carbon dioxide gas protection.
In the drawings: 1. the method comprises the following steps of 1, cylinder bottom, 2, cylinder barrel, 3, friction welding seam, 4, internal expansion position of the welded cylinder, 5, friction welding flanging, 6, friction welding internal flanging, 7, hiding a process groove by the internal flanging, 8, radial matching process space of the cylinder bottom and the cylinder barrel, 9, mechanical sealing process surface of the cylinder bottom and the cylinder barrel, and 10, carbon dioxide protection welding seam.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
example 1
A friction welding method of a cylinder barrel (2) and a cylinder bottom (1) of a hydraulic oil cylinder is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, blanking: raw material blanking is carried out on the cylinder barrel (2) and the cylinder bottom (1) according to the specification of the oil cylinder, the cylinder barrel (2) is blanked by a honing pipe band saw, and the cylinder bottom (1) is processed into blanks by a die forging process;
secondly, rough machining: the two end faces of the cylinder barrel (2) are machined by a lathe, and then the cylinder bottom of the welding end of the cylinder barrel (2) is machined to be matched with a process space (8) in the radial direction of the cylinder barrel (positions shown in figures 2 and 8), namely a mechanical sealing process (the specifications of the oil cylinders are different, and the depth and the diameter of an inner hole of the machined process space are changed); the cylinder bottom (1) is subjected to numerical control turning, a process boss and a process groove in the radial direction of the boss are machined on the welding end face of the cylinder bottom (1), the upper end face of the process boss is used for sealing the inner connecting face (positions in figures 2 and 9) of the cylinder bottom (1) and the cylinder barrel (2), hydraulic pipeline blockage caused by welding of oxide skin and sundries during use of the oil cylinder in the future is avoided, and the process groove in the radial direction of the process boss is used for hiding a flanging (positions in figures 2, 6 and 7) which is welded in the friction welding process;
thirdly, detection and cleaning before welding: detecting whether the size and the appearance of the workpiece have defects or not, and cleaning the surface of a welding part after the workpiece is qualified; (including oil stains, rust, burrs, etc.);
fourthly, friction welding:
1. manually installing the cylinder bottom (1) and the cylinder barrel (2) into a main shaft rotating clamp and a split jaw moving clamp of a friction welding machine respectively, then operating an automatic welding program of friction welding, clamping the cylinder bottom (1) by the main shaft rotating clamp in a light clamping mode, and clamping the cylinder barrel (2) by the split jaw moving clamp in the light clamping mode;
2. the friction welding sliding table performs axial slow displacement to perform medium-pressure pre-jacking on two workpieces so as to eliminate gaps in the manual clamping process, after the pre-jacking is finished, a system automatically adjusts the pressure of a main shaft rotating clamp and the pressure of the main shaft rotating clamp into a re-clamping mode, then the main shaft rotating clamp starts rotating when the sliding table retreats, and after the sliding table retreats to a position, the sliding table advances to perform a friction welding key stage;
3. the key stage of friction welding is divided into three steps of P0 friction welding stage, P1 friction stage and P2 upset forging stage pressure maintaining (phase control, the stop angle of the cylinder bottom (1) is controllable, and the precision is within +/-0.75 degrees),
according to different specifications of workpieces:
the pressure of P0 friction welding stage is 2-6 MPa;
the pressure of P1 friction welding stage is 4-10 MPa;
the pressure of the P2 upsetting stage is 9-20MPa, the rotation number of the main shaft is 750-1500RPM/min, and the whole welding rhythm is 40 seconds/piece (without charging and discharging time) by taking a cylinder (2) with the diameter of 80.
Example 2
In the third step, the surface cleaning of the welding position comprises removing oil stain, rust, burrs and the like.
Example 3
In the fourth step, the preferable pressure of the P0 friction welding stage is 2-4 MPa;
the preferable pressure of the P1 friction welding stage is 4-8 MPa;
the preferred pressure for the P2 upset stage is 9-16MPa, with a spindle speed of 900-1200 RPM/min.
Example 4
The whole friction welding process adopts a new process in a mechanical sealing mode, so that inert gas protection is not needed to be added during friction welding of the cylinder bottom (1) and the cylinder barrel (2), the welding process is simplified, the production difficulty is reduced, and the problem that oxides generated in the welding process are not easy to treat is effectively avoided. And (5) performing finish machining on the product, namely performing finish machining on the product by adopting numerical control turning and numerical control milling to obtain a finished product part.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 1, a cylinder bottom (1) and a cylinder barrel (2) are butted and friction welded, so that a butt friction welding seam (3) and a welded inner expansion position of an oil cylinder are generated; as shown in fig. 2, after friction welding, a friction welding flanging (5) is generated on the outer side surface of the welding position of the cylinder bottom (1) and the cylinder barrel (2), and a friction welding flanging (6) is generated on the inner side surface of the welding position of the cylinder bottom (1) and the cylinder barrel (2). But before friction welding, the cylinder bottom of the welding end of the cylinder barrel (2) and the cylinder bottom (1) are subjected to a processing process of radially matching a process space (8) with the cylinder barrel, so that the friction welding inner flanging (6) is hidden in an inner flanging hidden process groove (7) formed at the welding position of the cylinder barrel (2) and the cylinder bottom (1).
Example 6
The mechanical sealing process (the oil cylinders have different specifications, and the depth and the diameter of an inner hole of a processed process space are changed); the cylinder bottom (1) is subjected to numerical control turning, a process boss and a process groove in the radial direction of the boss are processed on the welding end face of the cylinder bottom (1), and the upper end face of the process boss is used for sealing the inner connection face (positions shown in figures 2 and 9) of the cylinder bottom (1) and the cylinder barrel (2), namely the cylinder bottom and the cylinder barrel are mechanically sealed to form the process face (9).
Example 7
As shown in FIG. 3, the carbon dioxide arc welding seam (10) has the problems of slag inclusion, pores, incomplete welding, undercut, unstable penetration and the like.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A friction welding method for a cylinder barrel and a cylinder bottom of a hydraulic oil cylinder is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
blanking: performing raw material blanking on a cylinder barrel and a cylinder bottom according to the specification of the oil cylinder, wherein the cylinder barrel is blanked by a honing pipe band saw, and the cylinder bottom is processed into a blank by a die forging process;
rough machining: lathe processing is carried out on two end faces of the cylinder barrel, and then the cylinder bottom of the welded end of the cylinder barrel is processed to be matched with the radial process space of the cylinder barrel;
detecting and cleaning before welding: detecting whether the size and the appearance of the workpiece have defects or not, and cleaning the surface of a welding part after the workpiece is qualified;
friction welding:
manually loading the cylinder bottom and the cylinder barrel into a main shaft rotating clamp and a split jaw moving clamp of a friction welding machine respectively, then operating an automatic welding program of friction welding, clamping the cylinder bottom by the main shaft rotating clamp in a light clamping mode, and clamping the cylinder barrel by the split jaw moving clamp in the light clamping mode;
the friction welding sliding table performs axial slow displacement to perform medium-pressure pre-jacking on two workpieces so as to eliminate gaps in the manual clamping process, after the pre-jacking is finished, a system automatically adjusts the pressure of a main shaft rotating clamp and the pressure of the main shaft rotating clamp into a re-clamping mode, then the main shaft rotating clamp starts rotating when the sliding table retreats, and after the sliding table retreats to a position, the sliding table advances to perform a friction welding key stage;
the key stage of friction welding comprises three steps of P0 friction welding, P1 friction welding and P2 upset forging pressure maintaining,
according to different specifications of workpieces:
the pressure of P0 friction welding stage is 2-6 MPa;
the pressure of P1 friction welding stage is 4-10 MPa;
the pressure of the P2 upsetting stage is 9-20MPa, the rotation number of the main shaft is 750-1500RPM/min, and the whole welding rhythm is 40 seconds/piece (without loading and unloading time) by taking a cylinder with the diameter of 80 cylinder.
2. In the second step, the cylinder bottom of the welding end of the cylinder barrel is radially matched with the cylinder barrel to form a process space, namely a mechanical sealing process: the cylinder bottom is processed by numerical control turning, a process boss and a process groove in the radial direction of the boss are processed on the welding end face of the cylinder bottom, and the upper end face of the process boss is used for sealing the inner connection face of the cylinder bottom and the cylinder barrel.
3. In the third step, the surface cleaning of the welding position comprises removing oil stain, rust, burrs and the like.
4. In the fourth step, the preferable pressure of the P0 friction welding stage is 2-4 MPa; the preferable pressure of the P1 friction welding stage is 4-8 MPa; the preferred pressure for the P2 upset stage is 9-16MPa, with a spindle speed of 900-1200 RPM/min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111437157.7A CN113878224A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Friction welding method for cylinder barrel and cylinder bottom of hydraulic oil cylinder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111437157.7A CN113878224A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Friction welding method for cylinder barrel and cylinder bottom of hydraulic oil cylinder |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113878224A true CN113878224A (en) | 2022-01-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111437157.7A Pending CN113878224A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Friction welding method for cylinder barrel and cylinder bottom of hydraulic oil cylinder |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113878224A (en) |
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2021
- 2021-11-30 CN CN202111437157.7A patent/CN113878224A/en active Pending
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