CN113878150B - Environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine - Google Patents
Environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113878150B CN113878150B CN202111089304.6A CN202111089304A CN113878150B CN 113878150 B CN113878150 B CN 113878150B CN 202111089304 A CN202111089304 A CN 202111089304A CN 113878150 B CN113878150 B CN 113878150B
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
- B23Q11/005—Devices for removing chips by blowing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/08—Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine which comprises a machine body, wherein a feeding component is arranged on one side of the machine body, a five-axis four-milling cutter milling component is arranged on the other side of the machine body, and a chip collecting box is arranged below the five-axis four-milling cutter milling component. The invention has the beneficial effects that the invention can avoid the splashing of chips, oil smoke and the like generated in the processing process or the splashing from the feed inlet, thereby realizing the environment-friendly processing; in addition, four milling cutters in the five-axis four-milling cutter assembly can be flexibly combined to machine mortises with various depths and widths, and the workpiece machining efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control milling machines, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling end face milling machine.
Background
With the development of modern cities, houses are increasingly based on multi-storey and high-rise residential buildings, and residential apartment building doors and windows are started to appear and be produced in the form of customized industrial aluminum profile doors and windows with uniform specifications for saving, environmental protection, standardization and batch production. However, the conventional end milling machine has a large overall size, and when the profile is processed, the cutting feed motion is ineffective and redundant, and the overall efficiency is low. In addition, in the milling process of the workpiece, the cuttings, the oil smoke and the like generated by the end face milling machine are easy to splash, so that serious pollution is generated to the surrounding environment, and the current environment protection requirement is not met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide and design an environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling end mill aiming at the defects of low efficiency and environmental protection of the existing end mill so as to solve the technical problems and enable the end mill to meet the requirements of high efficiency and high environmental protection.
In order to realize the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four milling cutter end milling machine, its includes the lathe bed, one side of lathe bed is provided with feeding subassembly, the opposite side of lathe bed is provided with five-axis four milling cutter milling subassembly, five-axis four milling cutter milling subassembly below is provided with the chip collecting box, five-axis four milling cutter milling subassembly including setting up the horizontal X axle guide rail on the lathe bed, sliding connection has X axle slider on the X axle guide rail, install the knife rest stand on the X axle slider, the left and right sides of knife rest stand is provided with vertical Z axle guide rail I and Z axle guide rail II respectively, Z axle guide rail I and Z axle guide rail II are gone up to be connected with Z axle slider I and Z axle slider II respectively in a sliding manner, Z axle slider I and Z axle slider II are gone up to be provided with horizontal Y axle guide rail I and Y axle guide rail II that are parallel to each other respectively, Y axle guide rail I and Y axle guide rail II all with X axle guide rail is perpendicular Y axle guide rail on Y axle guide rail I and Y axle guide rail slider I and Y axle guide rail II are gone up to be provided with Y axle slider I and Y axle guide rail II respectively, Y axle guide rail I and Y axle guide rail II are equipped with Y end mill end respectively and end mill respectively and are installed to two and are installed to the end mill respectively. Therefore, in the processing process of the workpiece, the invention can provide a plurality of tenon milling sizes by combining four milling cutters so as to meet the tenon milling requirements on the end surfaces of various sectional materials and improve the processing speed of the workpiece.
According to the invention, the turnover assembly is arranged on the first main shaft or the second main shaft, and the turnover assembly can drive the corresponding main shaft to turn over 90 degrees in a vertical plane perpendicular to the X-axis guide rail, so that the five-axis four-milling cutter milling assembly has a tenon milling function and a workpiece cutting function.
The invention further improves that the first Y-axis sliding block is provided with a first adjusting seat and a second adjusting seat, the first adjusting seat and the second adjusting seat are arranged on one side of the overturning assembly, the first adjusting seat is provided with a first limiting piece, and the second adjusting seat is provided with a second limiting piece; the overturning assembly is provided with a first positioning part and a second positioning part; when the axis of the first main shaft is parallel to the first Y-axis guide rail, the first positioning part on the turnover assembly is contacted with the first limiting part, and the turnover assembly cannot continuously rotate; when the axis of the first main shaft is in a vertical state, the second positioning part on the overturning assembly is in contact with the second limiting part, and the overturning assembly cannot continuously rotate. Therefore, the rotation angle of the overturning assembly is limited, and the phenomenon that the milling precision of a workpiece is influenced due to excessive overturning of the first main shaft or the second main shaft is avoided.
According to a further improvement of the invention, the feeding assembly comprises a feeding port workbench arranged on the lathe bed, feeding port side supporting plates are arranged on the left side and the right side of the feeding port workbench, a feeding port top plate is arranged at the upper end of the feeding port side supporting plate, and the feeding port workbench, the feeding port side supporting plates and the feeding port top plate form a feeding port; the upper end of feed inlet is provided with presses the material cylinder, presses the cylinder body fixed mounting of material cylinder on the feed inlet roof, press the piston rod of material cylinder to remove along vertical direction, the tip of the piston rod of material cylinder is provided with the clamp plate, the clamp plate can press the work piece contact on the feed inlet workstation under the drive of the piston rod of material cylinder, treat that the work piece presses the material, avoid it to take place to remove at milling in-process, influence milling effect.
According to the invention, the inner dust baffle plate for shielding the feed inlet is fixedly connected to one side of the pressing plate, which is close to the processing end of the workpiece, and the size of the inner dust baffle plate is matched with that of the feed inlet, so that the inner dust baffle plate moves downwards along with the pressing plate in the pressing process of the pressing plate, shields the upper space of the feed inlet, and prevents chips, oil smoke and the like from flying out of the upper space of the feed inlet and polluting the environment.
According to a further improvement of the invention, a gas blowing hole is formed in the pressing plate, a gas pipe joint is detachably arranged at the upper part of the gas blowing hole, and the gas pipe joint is connected with a gas blowing assembly; one end, close to the workpiece processing end, of the lower surface of the pressing plate and one end, far away from the workpiece processing end, of the pressing plate are provided with a plastic pad, wherein a side wall, far away from the workpiece processing end, of the plastic pad at one end, close to the workpiece processing end is provided with an inclined side wall, and the lower end of the inclined side wall is inclined towards the direction close to the workpiece processing end; a gap is formed between the two plastic mats, the gap is positioned below the air blowing hole, and the air blowing hole is communicated with the gap between the two plastic mats; an air curtain guide plate is detachably arranged in a gap between the two plastic mats, one side, close to the processing end of the workpiece, of the air curtain guide plate is provided with an inclined plane, and the lower end of the inclined plane is inclined towards the direction, close to the processing end of the workpiece; the air blown out by the air pipe joint can be sprayed out from the gap between the inclined surface of the air curtain guide plate and the inclined side wall of the plastic pad, so that an air curtain is sprayed out from top to bottom and inwards, and cuttings, oil smoke and the like are prevented from entering the workpiece or entering the gap between adjacent workpieces through the air curtain, and further the cuttings, the oil smoke and the like are prevented from flying out from the feed inlet. Meanwhile, impact force between the pressing plate and the workpiece can be buffered through the plastic pad, so that the workpiece is prevented from being damaged by pressing.
According to the invention, the number of the pressing cylinders is at least two, the pressing cylinders are sequentially and uniformly arranged on the top plate of the feeding hole along the feeding direction of the workpiece, the end part of a piston rod of each pressing cylinder is provided with a pressing plate, each pressing plate is provided with a group of blowing assemblies, the inner dust baffle plate is arranged on the pressing plate closest to the processing end of the workpiece, and a dustproof connecting plate is arranged at a gap between two adjacent pressing plates. Therefore, the workpiece is uniformly stressed, a plurality of air curtains can be formed, and the capability of the air curtain for blocking the overflow of chips and waste oil gas is improved.
According to the invention, a side guide plate used for positioning the workpiece in the X-axis guide rail direction is arranged in the feeding hole, and a Y-direction positioning plate used for positioning the workpiece in the Y-axis guide rail direction is arranged at one end, close to the workpiece, of the Y-axis sliding block I or the Y-axis sliding block II, so that the workpiece is pre-positioned before machining through the side guide plate and the Y-direction positioning plate.
The invention further improves the structure, and also comprises a positioning plate shield and a shield swing arm, wherein the positioning plate shield is positioned on the outer side of the Y-direction positioning plate, one end of the positioning plate shield is connected with one end of the shield swing arm, the shield swing arm is hinged with the corresponding sliding block, the shield swing arm is further connected with a rotary driving assembly, and the rotary driving assembly can drive the shield swing arm to rotate around a hinge point between the shield swing arm and the corresponding sliding block. Therefore, in the workpiece machining process, the positioning plate can be protected through the positioning plate protecting cover, chips and the like are prevented from being bumped or stuck on the positioning plate, and the positioning accuracy of the positioning plate in the next positioning process is affected.
From the above technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1) According to the invention, the inner dust baffle plate, the air blowing holes and the air blowing assembly are arranged on the pressing plate, and the air curtain can be formed under the combined action of the air blowing holes and the air blowing assembly, so that chips, oil smoke and the like are prevented from entering the workpiece or entering gaps between adjacent workpieces, and meanwhile, the inner dust baffle plate is used for blocking the chips, the oil smoke and the like from entering the upper side space of the pressing plate, so that the chips, the oil smoke and the like are further prevented from flying out from the feed inlet and the external environment is protected;
2) The invention adopts a single-column structure, the distance between two main shafts is small, the invalid redundancy of cutting feed motion is small, and the efficiency is high;
3) The four milling cutters can be flexibly combined according to the processing requirements of the workpiece so as to meet the requirements of milling tenons with various depths and widths on the end face of the workpiece; the machining of the end face of the workpiece can be finished basically by feeding and feeding along the X axis once, and the machining efficiency and precision are improved;
4) The main shaft can also be turned over, and the cutting direction of the milling cutter is changed, so that the milling machine has the tenon milling function and the workpiece cutting function;
5) According to the invention, the Y-direction locating plate for locating the feeding direction of the workpiece is integrated with the five-axis four-milling cutter milling assembly, and the assemblies such as the guide rail and the like are not required to be arranged on the lathe bed independently, so that the structure of the whole lathe bed is compact, and the occupied space is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a concrete embodiment of the present invention in a tenon milling state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of an embodiment of the present invention in a cut-off state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a turnover assembly in a tenon milling state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion I of FIG. 3;
In the figure: 1.01 parts of a lathe bed, 1.02 parts of an X-axis guide rail, 1.03 parts of an X-axis sliding block, 1.04 parts of racks, 1.05 parts of ground feet, 1.06 parts of an X-axis limiting block, 1.07 parts of a buffer block, 1.08 parts of a chip collecting box;
2.01, a tool rest upright post, 2.02, a Z-axis guide rail II, 2.03, a Z-axis slide block II, 2.04, a Y-axis slide block II, 2.05, a Y-axis guide rail II, 2.06, a milling cutter III, 2.07, a main shaft II, 2.08, a milling cutter IV, 2.09, a milling cutter I, 2.10, a main shaft I, 2.11, a milling cutter II, 2.12, a Y-direction positioning plate, 2.13, a positioning plate fixing seat, 2.14, a positioning plate shield, 2.15, a shield swing arm, 2.16, a shield rotary seat, 2.17, a shield rotary shaft, 2.18, a rotary cylinder, 2.19, a Z-axis guide rail I, 2.20, an X-axis servo motor, 2.21, a speed reducer, 2.22, a gear, 2.23, a conversion cylinder, 2.24, a turnover arm, 2.25, a first adjustment seat, 2.26, a first limit part, 2.27, a second adjustment seat, 2.28, a second limit part, 2.29, a Y-axis slide block I, 2.30, a Z-axis slide block I, and a Z-axis guide rail I;
3.01, a feed port workbench, 3.02, a feed port side supporting plate, 3.03, a feed port top plate, 3.04, a guide bearing, 3.05, a guide shaft, 3.06, a material pressing cylinder, 3.07, a side guide plate, 3.08, a gas dividing block, 3.09, a pressing plate, 3.10, a plastic pad, 3.11, a gas curtain guide plate, 3.12, a gas pipe joint, 3.13, a gas pipe, 3.14, an inner dust baffle, 3.15, a dust baffle plate, 3.16, a front gas control chamber door, a 3.17 auxiliary feed supporting frame, a 3.18 inclined plane, a 3.19 gas blowing hole and a 3.20 inclined side wall;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention provides an environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling end face milling machine, which comprises a machine body 1.01, wherein a lower foot 1.05 is arranged below the machine body 1.01, a feeding component is arranged on one side of the machine body 1.01, a five-axis four-milling component is arranged on the other side of the machine body 1.01, a chip collecting box 1.08 is arranged below the five-axis four-milling component, and a drawing structure is preferably adopted between the chip collecting box 1.08 and the machine body 1.01. In addition, wrap up around and the top at whole milling machine has the full sheet metal component that surrounds, the top of full surrounding sheet metal component is provided with air cleaner, makes the oil smoke etc. that milling machine course of working discharge into the atmosphere after air cleaner filters.
Specifically, the milling component of the five-axis four-milling cutter comprises a horizontal X-axis guide rail 1.02 arranged on a lathe bed 1.01, the direction of the X-axis guide rail 1.02 is vertical to the feeding direction of a workpiece on a feeding component, an X-axis sliding block 1.03 is connected to the X-axis guide rail 1.02 in a sliding manner, an X-axis driving component for driving the X-axis sliding block 1.03 to slide on the X-axis guide rail 1.02 is connected to the X-axis sliding block 1.03, the X-axis driving component preferably adopts a gear 2.22 rack 1.04 structure, namely a rack 1.04 is arranged on the X-axis sliding rail, a gear 2.22 capable of being meshed with the rack 1.04 is arranged on the X-axis sliding block 1.03, and the gear 2.22 is in transmission connection with an X-axis servo motor 2.20 and a speed reducer 2.21, so that the X-axis sliding block 1.03 moves horizontally along the X-axis guide rail 1.02 under the action of the gears 2.22 and 1.04. Further, in order to avoid excessive movement of the X-axis slider 1.03 on the X-axis guide rail 1.02, an X-axis stopper 1.06 is provided at an end of the X-axis guide rail 1.02, and a buffer block 1.07 is provided at an end of the X-axis stopper 1.06 away from the end of the X-axis guide rail 1.02.
The X-axis sliding block 1.03 is further provided with a tool rest upright post 2.01, the left side and the right side of the tool rest upright post 2.01 are respectively provided with a first vertical Z-axis guide rail 2.19 and a second vertical Z-axis guide rail 2.02, the first Z-axis guide rail 2.19 and the second Z-axis guide rail 2.02 are respectively connected with a first Z-axis sliding block 2.30 and a second Z-axis sliding block 2.03 in a sliding manner, and the first Z-axis sliding block 2.30 and the second Z-axis sliding block 2.03 are respectively connected with a first Z-axis driving assembly and a second Z-axis driving assembly. The first Z-axis driving assembly can drive the first Z-axis sliding block 2.30 to vertically slide on the first Z-axis guide rail 2.19, and the second Z-axis driving assembly can drive the second Z-axis sliding block 2.03 to vertically slide on the second Z-axis guide rail 2.02. The first Z-axis driving assembly and the second Z-axis driving assembly preferably adopt the same driving structure, the driving structure preferably adopts a ball screw structure, namely, a screw nut group and a screw supporting seat are arranged on a corresponding Z-axis guide rail, nuts in the screw nut group are connected with corresponding sliding blocks, screws in the screw nut group are connected with a servo motor through a coupler, and the servo motor preferably has a servo motor with a brake structure.
The Z-axis sliding block I2.30 and the Z-axis sliding block II 2.03 are respectively provided with a horizontal Y-axis guide rail I2.31 and a Y-axis guide rail II 2.05 which are parallel to each other, the Y-axis guide rail I2.31 and the Y-axis guide rail II 2.05 are perpendicular to the X-axis guide rail 1.02, and the directions of the Y-axis guide rail I2.31 and the Y-axis guide rail II 2.05 are parallel to the feeding direction of the workpiece on the feeding component. In addition, a first Y-axis sliding block 2.29 and a second Y-axis sliding block 2.04 are respectively connected to the first Y-axis guide rail 2.31 and the second Y-axis guide rail 2.05 in a sliding manner, and a first Y-axis driving component and a second Y-axis driving component are respectively connected to the first Y-axis sliding block 2.29 and the second Y-axis sliding block 2.04. The first Y-axis driving component can drive the first Y-axis sliding block 2.29 to horizontally slide on the first Y-axis guide rail 2.31, and the second Y-axis driving component can drive the second Y-axis sliding block 2.04 to horizontally slide on the second Y-axis guide rail 2.05. And the first Y-axis driving component and the second Y-axis driving component preferably adopt the same driving structure as the first Z-axis driving component and the second Z-axis driving component. In addition, a first spindle 2.10 and a second spindle 2.07 are respectively arranged at the end part of the first Y-axis sliding block 2.29 and the end part of the second Y-axis sliding block 2.04, the first spindle 2.10 and the second spindle 2.07 are preferably double-ended spindles, a first milling cutter 2.09 and a second milling cutter 2.11 are respectively arranged at the head end and the tail end of the first spindle 2.10, and a third milling cutter 2.06 and a fourth milling cutter 2.08 are respectively arranged at the head end and the tail end of the second spindle 2.07. And the milling cutter I2.09, the milling cutter II 2.11, the milling cutter III 2.06 and the milling cutter IV 2.08 are all preferably saw blade type large-diameter milling cutters so as to meet the requirements of various tenon milling depths.
Therefore, when the invention processes a workpiece, the main cutting motion can be realized by the movement of the tool rest upright post 2.01 in the direction of the X-axis guide rail 1.02; the vertical Z-direction positioning of the corresponding milling cutter is realized through the vertical movement of the first Z-axis sliding block 2.30 and the second Z-axis sliding block 2.03 on the first Z-axis guide rail 2.19 and the second Z-axis guide rail 2.02 respectively; the milling depth of the milling cutter is adjusted through horizontal movement of the first Y-axis sliding block 2.29 and the second Y-axis sliding block 2.04 on the first Y-axis guide rail 2.31 and the second Y-axis guide rail 2.05 respectively.
Further, preferably, in order to enable the milling machine to cut off a workpiece, a turnover assembly is further arranged on the first spindle 2.10 or the second spindle 2.07, and the turnover assembly can drive the corresponding spindle to turn 90 degrees in a vertical plane perpendicular to the X-axis guide rail 1.02. Specifically, taking an example of a turnover assembly arranged on the first spindle 2.10, the turnover assembly comprises a conversion cylinder 2.23, a turnover shaft and a turnover arm 2.24. One end of the cylinder body of the conversion cylinder 2.23 is hinged to one end, away from the main shaft I, of the Y-axis sliding block I2.29, one end of the overturning arm 2.24 is hinged to one end, close to the main shaft I, of the Y-axis sliding block I2.29, of the main shaft I2.10, and the other end of the overturning arm 2.24 is hinged to the end portion of a piston rod of the conversion cylinder 2.23. The turnover arm 2.24 is also fixedly connected with a turnover shaft, and the turnover shaft is fixedly connected with the first spindle 2.10. When the piston rod of the conversion cylinder 2.23 stretches out, the conversion cylinder can push the turnover arm 2.24 to rotate, so that the turnover shaft is driven to rotate, and the main shaft I2.10 is driven to turn over. Further, an adjusting seat I2.25 and an adjusting seat II 2.27 are further arranged on one side of the turnover arm 2.24, a limiting piece I2.26 is arranged on one side, close to the turnover arm 2.24, of the adjusting seat I2.25, a limiting piece II 2.28 is arranged on one side, close to the turnover arm 2.24, of the adjusting seat II 2.27, and the limiting piece I2.26 and the limiting piece II 2.28 are preferably bolts and are arranged on the corresponding adjusting seats through threaded connection; in addition, a first positioning part is arranged at one end, close to the conversion cylinder 2.23, of the turnover arm 2.24, and a second positioning part is arranged at one end, far away from the conversion cylinder 2.23, of the turnover arm 2.24. When the turning component drives the first spindle 2.10 to rotate and the axis of the first spindle 2.10 is parallel to the first Y-axis guide rail, the first positioning part on the turning arm 2.24 is in contact with the first limiting part 2.26, the turning arm 2.24 cannot continue to rotate, and the milling cutter on the first spindle 2.10 is in a cutting-off state; when the axis of the first spindle 2.10 is in a vertical state, the second positioning part on the turning arm 2.24 is in contact with the second limiting part 2.28, the turning arm 2.24 cannot rotate continuously, and the milling cutter on the first spindle 2.10 is in a tenon milling state.
In addition, the feeding component comprises a feeding hole workbench 3.01 arranged on the lathe bed 1.01, feeding hole side supporting plates 3.02 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the feeding hole workbench 3.01, a feeding hole top plate 3.03 is arranged at the upper end of the feeding hole side supporting plates 3.02, and the feeding hole workbench 3.01, the feeding hole side supporting plates 3.02 and the feeding hole top plate 3.03 form a feeding hole. The lower end of the feed inlet is provided with a pneumatic control chamber, and the front side of the pneumatic control chamber is provided with a front pneumatic control chamber door 3.16; the upper end of feed inlet is provided with presses material cylinder 3.06, presses the cylinder body fixed mounting of material cylinder 3.06 on feed inlet roof 3.03, press the piston rod of material cylinder 3.06 to remove along vertical direction, press the tip of the piston rod of material cylinder 3.06 to be provided with clamp plate 3.09, just clamp plate 3.09 can be in press the work piece contact on the feed inlet workstation 3.01 under the drive of the piston rod of material cylinder 3.06. In addition, in order to support the workpiece conveniently, an auxiliary feeding support frame 3.17 is preferably arranged on the outer side of the feeding port workbench 3.01, and a caster is preferably arranged at the lower end of the auxiliary feeding support frame 3.17.
Further, as a preferred aspect, an inner dust plate 3.14 is fixedly connected to the side, close to the workpiece processing end, of the pressing plate 3.09, and the size of the inner dust plate 3.14 is adapted to the size of the feed inlet, specifically, the width of the inner dust plate 3.14 is greater than or equal to the distance between the two feed inlet side support plates 3.02, the height of the inner dust plate 3.14 is greater than or equal to the distance between the feed inlet workbench 3.01 and the feed inlet top plate 3.03, and the connection mode between the inner dust plate 3.14 and the feed inlet top plate 3.03 is preferably sliding connection, and the connection mode between the inner dust plate 3.14 and the feed inlet side support plates 3.02 is preferably sliding connection. In this way, during the downward movement of the pressure plate 3.09, the inner dust plate 3.14 can slide downward along with the pressure plate 3.09 and shield the feed inlet, thereby preventing chips, waste gas and the like from entering the upper space of the pressure plate 3.09 and flying out.
Still be provided with gas vent 3.19 and the subassembly of blowing on clamp plate 3.09, wherein, the upper portion demountable installation air pipe joint 3.12 of gas vent 3.19, the subassembly of blowing includes divide air block 3.08 and trachea 3.13, the output and the air pipe joint 3.12 of trachea 3.13 are connected, the input and the output of divide air block 3.08 of trachea 3.13 are connected, the input and the air supply of divide air block 3.08 to be connected, just divide the air supply that air block 3.08 connects with the air supply that pressure material cylinder 3.06 is connected preferably adopts same air supply, but the gas circuit between pressure material cylinder 3.06 and the air supply and the gas circuit between divide air block 3.08 and the air supply are two different branch gas circuits.
A plastic pad 3.10 is arranged on the lower surface of the pressing plate 3.09 at one end close to the workpiece processing end and one end far away from the workpiece processing end, wherein the side wall of the plastic pad 3.10 at one end close to the workpiece processing end, which is far away from the workpiece processing end, is provided as an inclined side wall 3.20, and the lower end of the inclined side wall 3.20 is inclined towards the direction close to the workpiece processing end. In addition, a gap is present between the two plastic mats 3.10, which is located below the blow hole 3.19, and the blow hole 3.19 communicates with the gap between the two plastic mats 3.10. An air curtain guide plate 3.11 is detachably arranged in a gap between the two plastic cushions 3.10, one side, close to a workpiece processing end, of the air curtain guide plate 3.11 is provided with an inclined plane, the lower end of the inclined plane is inclined towards the direction, close to the workpiece processing end, of the inclined plane, high-pressure air blown out by the air pipe joint 3.12 can be sprayed out from top to bottom and inwards in a narrow gap between the inclined plane 3.18 of the air curtain guide plate 3.11 and the inclined side wall 3.20 of the plastic cushion 3.10, and sprayed air forms an air curtain, of which the lower end is inclined towards the direction, close to the workpiece processing end, under the action of the inclined plane 3.18 of the air curtain guide plate 3.11 and the inclined side wall 3.20 of the plastic cushion 3.10, so that chips, oil smoke and the like generated in the processing process are prevented from flying out.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that the pressing plate 3.09 does not incline during the up-and-down movement, a guide shaft 3.05 is further arranged on the pressing plate 3.09, a guide hole is arranged on the feeding hole top plate 3.03, the guide shaft 3.05 passes through the guide hole, and a guide bearing 3.04 is preferably arranged between the guide hole and the guide shaft 3.05. In this way, the pressing plate 3.09 can be guided in the vertical direction through the guide shaft 3.05 and the guide hole in the process of moving the pressing plate 3.09 up and down. Further, in order to ensure that the stress between the pressing plates 3.09 and the workpiece is uniform, as a preferred example, the number of the pressing cylinders 3.06 is at least two, the pressing cylinders 3.06 are sequentially and uniformly arranged on the feeding port top plate 3.03 along the feeding direction of the workpiece, the end part of a piston rod of each pressing cylinder 3.06 is provided with one pressing plate 3.09, the inner dust baffle 3.14 is arranged on the pressing plate 3.09 closest to the processing end of the workpiece, and each pressing plate 3.09 is provided with a group of air blowing assemblies, so that a plurality of air curtains are formed, and the capability of blocking the overflow of chips and waste oil by the air curtains is greatly improved. In addition, a dust-proof plate 3.15 is attached to the gap between the adjacent two pressing plates 3.09, so that chips, waste gas, etc. are prevented from flying out from the gap between the adjacent pressing plates 3.09.
Further, in order to facilitate positioning of the workpiece in the feed inlet, a side guide plate 3.07 parallel to the feed direction is arranged in the feed inlet, and the workpiece in the feed inlet is positioned in the X-axis guide rail direction through the side guide plate 3.07. The invention also provides a Y-direction positioning plate 2.12 arranged at one end of the first Y-axis sliding block 2.29 or the second Y-axis sliding block 2.04, which is close to the workpiece, and the workpiece is positioned in one direction of the Y-axis guide rail through the Y-direction positioning plate 2.12.
Still further, as a preferable mode, the invention is also provided with a positioning plate shield 2.14 and a shield swing arm 2.15 on the corresponding Y-axis sliding block, the positioning plate shield 2.14 is arranged on the outer side of the Y-direction positioning plate 2.12, and the positioning plate shield 2.14 can realize opening and closing actions under the rotation of the shield swing arm 2.15. Specifically, one end of the positioning plate shield 2.14 is detachably connected with one end of the shield swing arm 2.15; and a shield rotary seat 2.16 is arranged on the corresponding Y-axis sliding block, and a shield rotary shaft 2.17 is arranged on the shield rotary seat 2.16, so that the shield rotary shaft 2.17 is rotatably connected with the shield swing arm 2.15, and the whole shield swing arm 2.15 is hinged with the Y-axis sliding block. The shield rotating seat 2.16 is preferably disposed at an end of the Y-axis slider away from the corresponding spindle, and the shield rotating seat 2.16 is preferably rotatably connected with an end of the shield swing arm 2.15 away from the positioning plate shield 2.14. In addition, a rotary driving component for driving the shield swing arm 2.15 to rotate around a hinge point between the shield swing arm 2.15 and the corresponding Y-axis sliding block is also arranged on the corresponding Y-axis sliding block. The rotary driving assembly is preferably a rotary air cylinder 2.18, the cylinder body of the rotary air cylinder 2.18 is fixedly arranged on a corresponding Y-axis sliding block, and the end part of a piston rod of the rotary air cylinder 2.18 is hinged with the shield swing arm 2.15 and is preferably hinged with the middle part of the shield swing arm 2.15. In this way, the shield swing arm 2.15 can be driven to rotate around the hinge point between the shield swing arm 2.15 and the corresponding Y-axis sliding block through the extending action or the retracting action of the piston rod in the rotary cylinder 2.18, so that the opening or closing action of the positioning plate shield 2.14 is realized. In addition, the rotary driving assembly can also be a four-bar mechanism or a rotary motor driving mechanism.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four milling cutter end milling machine which is characterized in that, including lathe bed (1.01), one side of lathe bed (1.01) is provided with feeding subassembly, the opposite side of lathe bed (1.01) is provided with five-axis four milling cutter milling subassembly, five-axis four milling cutter milling subassembly's below is provided with smear metal collecting box (1.08), five-axis four milling cutter milling subassembly is including setting up horizontal X axle guide rail (1.02) on lathe bed (1.01), sliding connection has X axle slider (1.03) on X axle guide rail (1.02), install knife rest stand (2.01) on X axle slider (1.03), knife rest stand (2.01) are provided with vertical Z axle guide rail one (2.19) and Z axle guide rail two (2.02) respectively on the left and right sides of lathe bed (1.01), Z axle guide rail one (2.19) and Z axle guide rail two (2.02) are last to be connected with Z axle slider one (2.30) and Z axle slider two (2.02) respectively in a sliding connection, Z axle guide rail one (2.05) and two (2.05) are connected with one another on two (2.05) and two (2.02) are provided with vertical Z axle guide rail one (2.19) and two (2.02) and two (2.05) respectively, the end part of the first Y-axis sliding block (2.29) and the end part of the second Y-axis sliding block (2.04) are respectively provided with a first main shaft (2.10) and a second main shaft (2.07), the head end and the tail end of the first main shaft (2.10) are respectively provided with a first milling cutter (2.09) and a second milling cutter (2.11), and the head end and the tail end of the second main shaft (2.07) are respectively provided with a third milling cutter (2.06) and a fourth milling cutter (2.08); the feeding assembly comprises a feeding hole workbench (3.01) arranged on a lathe bed (1.01), feeding hole side supporting plates (3.02) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the feeding hole workbench (3.01), a feeding hole top plate (3.03) is arranged at the upper end of the feeding hole side supporting plate (3.02), and the feeding hole workbench (3.01), the feeding hole side supporting plates (3.02) and the feeding hole top plate (3.03) form a feeding hole; the upper end of the feeding hole is provided with a pressing cylinder (3.06), a cylinder body of the pressing cylinder (3.06) is fixedly arranged on a feeding hole top plate (3.03), a piston rod of the pressing cylinder (3.06) moves in the vertical direction, the end part of the piston rod of the pressing cylinder (3.06) is provided with a pressing plate (3.09), and the pressing plate (3.09) can be in contact with a workpiece on a feeding hole workbench (3.01) under the driving of the piston rod of the pressing cylinder (3.06); be provided with gas vent (3.19) on clamp plate (3.09), the upper portion of gas vent (3.19) demountable installation has air pipe joint (3.12), air pipe joint (3.12) are connected with the subassembly of blowing.
2. The environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling end mill according to claim 1, wherein a turnover assembly is arranged on the first spindle (2.10) or the second spindle (2.07), and the turnover assembly can drive the corresponding spindle to turn 90 degrees in a vertical plane perpendicular to the X-axis guide rail (1.02).
3. The environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling end mill according to claim 2, wherein a first adjusting seat (2.25) and a second adjusting seat (2.27) are arranged on the first Y-axis sliding block (2.29), the first adjusting seat (2.25) and the second adjusting seat (2.27) are arranged on one side of the turnover assembly, a first limiting piece (2.26) is arranged on the first adjusting seat (2.25), and a second limiting piece (2.28) is arranged on the second adjusting seat (2.27); the overturning assembly is provided with a first positioning part and a second positioning part; when the axis of the first main shaft (2.10) is parallel to the first Y-axis guide rail, the first positioning part on the turnover assembly is contacted with the first limiting part (2.26), and the turnover assembly cannot continuously rotate; when the axis of the first main shaft (2.10) is in a vertical state, the second positioning part on the turnover assembly is in contact with the second limiting part (2.28), and the turnover assembly cannot rotate continuously.
4. The environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling end mill according to claim 1, wherein an inner dust plate (3.14) for shielding a feed inlet is fixedly connected to one side, close to a workpiece machining end, of the pressing plate (3.09), and the size of the inner dust plate (3.14) is matched with that of the feed inlet.
5. The environment-friendly type numerical control five-axis four-milling end mill according to claim 4, wherein a plastic pad (3.10) is arranged on the lower surface of the pressing plate (3.09) at one end close to the workpiece processing end and one end far away from the workpiece processing end, wherein a side wall of the plastic pad (3.10) at one end close to the workpiece processing end, which is far away from the workpiece processing end, is provided with an inclined side wall (3.20), and the lower end of the inclined side wall (3.20) is inclined towards the direction close to the workpiece processing end; a gap is formed between the two plastic mats (3.10), the gap is positioned below the air blowing hole, and the air blowing hole is communicated with the gap between the two plastic mats (3.10); an air curtain guide plate (3.11) is detachably arranged in a gap between the two plastic pads (3.10), one side, close to a workpiece processing end, of the air curtain guide plate (3.11) is provided with an inclined surface (3.18), and the lower end of the inclined surface (3.18) is inclined towards the direction, close to the workpiece processing end; the air blown out from the air pipe joint (3.12) can be ejected from a gap between the inclined surface (3.18) of the air curtain guide plate (3.11) and the inclined side wall (3.20) of the plastic pad (3.10).
6. The environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling end milling machine according to claim 5, wherein the number of the pressing cylinders (3.06) is at least two, the pressing cylinders (3.06) are sequentially and uniformly arranged on a feeding port top plate (3.03) along the feeding direction of a workpiece, a pressing plate (3.09) is arranged at the end part of a piston rod of each pressing cylinder (3.06), a group of blowing assemblies are arranged on each pressing plate (3.09), the inner dust baffle (3.14) is arranged on the pressing plate (3.09) closest to the processing end of the workpiece, and a dustproof connecting plate (3.15) is arranged at a gap between two adjacent pressing plates (3.09).
7. The environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling end mill according to claim 1, wherein a side guide plate (3.07) for positioning a workpiece in the X-axis guide rail (1.02) direction is arranged in the feed inlet, and a Y-direction positioning plate (2.12) for positioning the workpiece in the Y-axis guide rail first (2.31) direction is arranged at one end, close to the workpiece, of the Y-axis slide block I (2.29) or the Y-axis slide block II (2.04).
8. The environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end milling machine according to claim 7, further comprising a positioning plate shield (2.14) and a shield swing arm (2.15), wherein the positioning plate shield (2.14) is positioned on the outer side of the Y-direction positioning plate (2.12), one end of the positioning plate shield (2.14) is connected with one end of the shield swing arm (2.15), the shield swing arm (2.15) is hinged with a corresponding sliding block, and the shield swing arm (2.15) is further connected with a rotary driving assembly which can drive the shield swing arm (2.15) to rotate around a hinge point between the shield swing arm (2.15) and the corresponding sliding block.
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